30-day-to-a-more-powerful-vocabulary

hors
t
u
A
e
h
t
About
|

|

Dr. Wilfred Funk and Norman Lewis have
_
both been deeply concerned with the history: ...

| and use of the English Jariguage for many
|

|

years. As editors, lexicographers,. teachers,
and authors, they have each contributed ex-

| tensively to this: important field. But success- '
_ ful as they each have been individually, their
success as collaborators ix-producinig 30 Days |:
| toa More Powerful Vocabulary has been even

| greater. In various editions, at various prices, —_
! this. book ‘has sold nearly 4,000,000 copies.

“It is the most popular and most widely used

| manual of its kind produced in the twentieth
century,

ni

sa


nts: fort bulk

antity vy aiscou
aqua
Speci:
available at i spectal
oF furid’ raising.
mis
!
TO! motions, premiu
needs.
ae
ft
lẻ
al ¡also be: crrested


~ Copyright 1642 by: wi

, copyright © 1970 by Funk.& Wognalls, a

igest Béoks, tne
* of Teen

. All rights reserved, including the;

this bobk or portions pereot n any f

“,- For information address Fonk
53 East rth Street New Y

&

¿

i Pocket Boks printinggoed ei ion Ap

1971

oy
oN

a2 8190, 99° 28

ăn 3885

8Á,

; © registered tendemars :
° POCKET and:colophon are:
:

) of Simon & Schuster, Wie. „°'

- vận

°


2 Contents 7

PRONUNCIATION KEY.
FIRST DAY:
Give

SECOND

©

¿

Us Fifteen.Minutes a4 Day

‘DAY:

Take This Twelve-Minute Test of ¥Your
Verbal Power.

_ THIRD
,

DAY: |

‘The Romance of Words

FOURTH
DAY:
- Words for Mature Minds

FIFTH DAY:

"25

.

Words ‘About Doctors and Specials

_ SIXTH DẠY:

Verbs Give You Power

ề SEVENTH

DAY:

'

Words About Theories

;

49

"

EIGHTH. DAY:
| Quick Vocabulary Builder

-

56

"


NINTH DAY:.

TWENTY-FIRST

A Quick Test of Your Progress to Date

. TENTH

DAY:

, Words

:

About Your Fellowmen

¿

DAY:

ˆ

.

~ FOURTEENTH DAY:

|

Words for Human Faults.

SIXTEENTH

“412

, Words * That Describe You

TWENTY: FIFTH DAY:
French Phrases

TWENTY- SIXTH

176

tit

ca

You Can Use

. x88 -

DAY:

TWENTY-SEVENTH

|

- 102-

DAY:

Word Building by the “Unfolding Process”

DẠY:

119

,

‘TWENTY. EIGHTH

123

- TWENTY- “NINTH

198:

DAY:

Words from Classic Roots

SEVENTEENTH DAY:
A “Pop Quiz”

210

DAY:

Words Change Their Meanings

EIGHTEENTH’ DAY:
128

Words About Personalities

NINETEENTH DẠY:
Adjectives Give You Power
DAY:
Words the Modern Way...
- VH,
si

166

‘Words About Words

|

You Help to Create the American Language:

TWENTIETH
Learninig

|

TWENTY-FOURTH DAY:

sa0a

Words for Human Traits

FIFTEENTH DAY:

Can You Meet This Challenge?

_ g6

Words That End ini “Qlogy”

DAY:

TWENTY-THIRD DAY:

87

DAY:

151

Test Your Progress

. 79

Words About Your Feelings
THIRTEENTH

TWENTY-SECOND

71.

ELEVENTH
DAY:
Words for Phobias and Manias

TWELFTH

DAY:

‘Words from Latin

"134
.

ta

THIRTIETH. "bay;
,

Your 30-Day Vocabulary Test
ONE

LAST ‘WORD:
A Lifetime Habit

- _ INDEX

.

220:

233 |
_ #87


_

8
s0®. gs
®&
wv

i

|


‘Pronunciation Key. rd

_ The phonetic transcription of most words
" pages ‘will be self-explanatory and compl in the following
etely clear and
_ obvious. Only a very few symbols have
to be practiced and

understood before you start.

1. 3: This is the phonetic symbol (called
schwa) which
indicates “a weak, neutral vowel soun
d occu

rring
in most of the unstressed -syllables in. Engli
sh speech, as

“in circus,”*

the a in alone, the e in happen, the
u-

¬

2..5. The vowel sound in 20, nG, low,
80, đc...
3, 65 The vowel sound in f60l,
s66n, ndon, ete.

4. zh The sound of the

in occasion, ‘treasure, measure,

_ leisure, ete,

¬

3. 66 The vowel sound of bddk, 166k,
ete.
‘Many

words

are stressed. on

more

than one syllable,
although oily one syllable may
receive the primary or
' strongest accent, When you say
pyromaniac, for example,
- you piace”the strongest stress on
the third syllable (72a)— |
_ that is, you say the third syllable
with the greatest joudness,
But the first

|

syllable, -py, also receives some
stress; that is,
* Funk & Wagnalls Standard Coll
ege Dictionary (New York:
Funk

& Wagnatis, 1968}.

+


ay.

jated: SAY-shee-ay-ted

Fnchacology: abz-kee-OL/-e-jee
opinionated: o-PIN-ye-nay-tod_
braggadocio: brag~o-DO -shee-ử

toe

oe

oes

;

,

ce

z

"

.

on

vn

xt?

ơ

[Tg

TB

Ho

bie,

"

.

Đ

22 23

20 =

.

7



Ee

L1

é

Pyrobnanlae l

- nee-ak. Further examples: —

i

Si

thus phonetically rewritten as py-ro-MAXY”=.

c»

Y’), and only accent the second strongest (py’).

‘ ẹ - _ GiueUsfiteen
Minutesa Day —

¬

`

"

thes distincro,‘i, or ac. To‘0 showshow these
it louder
than ro,”
der than
will capitalize and accent the strongest syllable

RB sisle||

tions, we

$3) 5/28! am

s

“you

VN

.

*.

"

‘|
|

hs

-

;

¬
hon

:
tu

-

"¬

dị
cv.

a

‘Your boss has a bigger vocabulary than you have.
.
- ThaPs one good reason why he’s your boss.
_|.- . This discovery has been made in the
word laboratories

"

Of the world, Not by theoretical English professors,
but

by
practical, hard-headed scientists who have been
searching ©
for the secrets of success,
"
¬
. After a host of experiments and years of
testing they’ have found out: hà
¬
-

|

.. Thát # your vocabulary is limited your
charices of suc-

"

.

cv

_

_
a

oe

Co

|

_

@
areĐĐ
lmited,
ơ
ơ
. That one of the easiest and quickest. ways
to get ahead `
_is by consciously . building up your
knowledge. of.
words

,

ae
That the vocabulary of the average person ,
almost. stops
' | growing by the middie twenties,
—.

‘And that from then on it is necessary to have an THỦ
intel-Hgent plan if

progress is to be made, No hit-or-miss
|

methods will do,

ST


pe

VKe

|

BIRST DAY

Give Us Fifteen Minutesa Day

‘It has long since been satisfactorily established that a
high executive: does not have a large vocabulary merely be-

cause of the opportunities of his position. That would be

_ Clearer and more accurate your thinking will be.
Words

His skill in words was a tremendous help in getting him his

-.

New
ˆ

Jersey. gave a vocabulary test to one’
ca

Code

you.

ơi

- while not a single young man of the lower 25 per cent had.
_ become anexecutive, = ro

-

periment The ages and background of thé members öf...
both. groups were the same, and each group represented a...

Similar, cross-section of the community. One, the control

dition, special and rigorous vocabulary training. At. the
end of the period the geades of the students in the vocabu-:
lary class. surpassed the grades of the members of the
control group, aot only in. English, but in every cthẹr

‘measure
of intelligence as any three units of the standard
and accepted Stanford-BinetI. Q. tests...
Words are the tools of thinking. It naturally follows,

the sales of a depart-

paign speech. threw the Catholic vote and the Presidential
victory to Grover Cleveland,
:
Armies fight for phrases: “Make the world. safe ‘for
Democracy”; “V for Victory”; “Remember Pear] Harbor.”
‘Words have changed the direction of history. Words can
also change the direction of your life. They can raise a

_ man om

.

mediocrity to success,

.

We submit that if you methodically increase your vo-:

cabularv you. will improve your chances for success.

This book enliste active cooperation, continuous written |

and oral response. It wil! test you every step of the way, it

will demand unceasing feedback from you, and thus it will

. lass, took the normal coursee The other class had, in ad-

- Similarly “Professor Lewis M. Terman of Stanford Uni-

mo

have lost an election. Four unfortunate words—“Rum,
Romanism, and Rebellion”—usein
d a Republican cam-

' been discovered that the one and only common charac-

versity, has found that .a vocabulary test is as accuratea

od

the mouths of clerka have quadrupled

_ teristic of outstandingly successful people is “an extensive
'.- knowledgs of the exact meaning of English words.”

_, Subject including mathematica and the sciences.

.

ment store, The wrong words used by a campaign orator

Some of the factors that lead to success can be measured

"as scientifically as the contents of a test tube, and it has

Two classea in A hinh school were selected fdr an ef-

`

of exchange, the coin with.

Words are explosive. Phrases are packed with TNT. A `
single word can destroy a ‘friendship, can start or cnđ a
marital battle, can land a large order. “The right phrases in

Five years later, all, without exception, of those who had .
-. passed in the upper 10 per cent had éxecutive positions,

, Vocabulary, is one indication of intelligence. Learning
power measurably sharpezs when vocabulary increases.
Here's the proof.
"
Số Vy

are your medium

words you relate. to people, communicate your feelings and
thoughts to them, influence them, persuade them, control
them. In short, through words you shape your own destiny.
For your. words are your personality; your vocabulary is

. hundred young men Who were studying to be ‘industrial’
executives.

5 :

which you do business with all those around -you. With

' job.
:
.
¬
Do
Dr. Johnson O’Connor of the Human Engineering Laboratory of Boston and of the Stevens Institute
of Technology :
in Hobokex,

sói

_then, that the more words you have at your command, the

putting the cart before.the horse. Quite the reverse is true.

có

©

si
ˆ

nake word» your friends and allies.
_.We expect to prove to you that. developing a-rich and
“robust vocabulary can be both fun and challenging. .

-- Give us fifteen minutes a day, and we will guarantee that ˆ
at the endof # month, when you have turned-over the last
page of this book.. your words, your reading, your conver-

~ Sation and your life will all have’ a néw and đeeper mean-...
ing for you. . a
c.
For words can make you egréatl
TS

-

SG

4


Take Thỉa Tưelve-Minute Test.

7z

will show you how to strengthen any weak points that may Tân
have appeared...
et
_ How do words treat you? Are you comfortable
\ with
them? Do they.come easily to you? When you write and
speak, do your words paint the sort of picture.
of you that -.

; |E

will do you the mọst good ¡in this hiphly competiive -.

world? Does your language usually present a’ true reflection of your mind, your emotions, and your personality?
. Or does it sometimes betray you and blur your thoughits?

Do people occasionally misunderstand
- compel them to listen, react, obey?

Take This Twelve- .

you?

Or.can

you

'

Like everyone else, you want’ certain things from life.
‘No matter what those benefits are, or what particular way
you have chosen to go about getting them, you know that
your: first-and most effective means. will be the words you
use.
"
¬-.
mo
,

‘In short, the satisfaction and the success you get out of
life depend very greatly on the skill with which you communicate your needs, your desires, your opinions to others.
Ready to. discover ‘what your command of language. says

Minute Testof +

Your Verbal Power

_ about you? - First, we will take your word portrait.

When ‘the picture is finished, you will know how you
. look to others as a conversationalist and how you may-ap‘pear when you writea simple social note or a business .
letter.

=.

-...

a

TEST T

`

DIRECTIONS: Write in the blank space next to each of the ©

‘The lines of your’ likeness that are to be drawn here ‘will

_. words in the following list another word that begins with.

‘ indicate the extent of your vocabulary, the facility with
- whịch you can recall and use words, and the -knowledge

& and has a meaning diréctly opposite to the given word. _

Time: 60 seconds.

that you have of their precise meanings. There will also be .

> brief speliing and pronunciation tests so that we can geta

¬.
complete picture.
~ You will find the tests in this chapter simple and entertainitg. They will take exactly twelve minutes, and when
you, are through and have checked your score, you will
kriow what’s wrong, if anything, with your vocabulary and

- your use of words. You. will, in short, have painted your
we
Then, in the chapters that follow,
~. ‘own word portrait.
_
6
co
.

"

Verbal Speed (Elementary),

_ EXAMPLE:

_-

fast
sweet

buy.

START THMUNG:

slow
sour .

sell -

Í.'fall

2. north

3.. happy

:=4,

diÏerent

5. dangerous

-

ˆ

`

—-—

,


. 8

oe

¬

so

s, SECOND DAY

6. big.

So. eeesregesesee

8. noisy
9. sit <<

Đ............. ee
Đ,.......cecce,

7. dull

Sa

§.............

End Timing 0

(Answers for all tests will be found at the end of the
chapter.)

Take This Twelve-Minute Test

.

.

‘takes. If you had to think for more than an instant to recall

- patlence you can easily make its great wealth your own,
ˆ

TEST Ill.

‘Synonym Recall

you. It will give you the chance to go to work and over-

CS”...

Here is a test of your skill from another point of view.

You have been working with antonyms, or words, of op-

TEST H

Webal Speed (Advanced)

_ ĐIRECTIONS: As in the previous test, write a word begin-'
-

_ ning with § which is øpposiie in meaning to each of the

. following.

START TIMING:

“

‘

.

Time: “90 seconds

1. generous

2. meaningjes

_

§..............

3. beleving 4. comphcated

- §............... S...............

6. careful
'
7 7, wakefulness

- §................

5. doubtful

:

We are dealing in this book’ with one of the richest
languages in the world, and with ‘a little practice and '

"seeing men who are’ not as bright as you getting ahead of

come your obstacle.

S.......

9. objective”
§............. -..
10. laugh.
-:S........ . End Timing

-

_ Of ten correct, you are far above the ‘average and you
doubtless show unusual skill and ¢ase in translating your ©
thoughts into the proper. words; you are going to make
-. swift progress in the lessons that are ahead.
If, on the other hand, you exceeded your time limit, or
if you were wrong in five or more words, it is. critically
. Hecessary that you start today to improve your vocabulary.

„the proper word, it is likely that you experience some diffñculty in expressing your thoughts. You are_ probably

ously handicapped .you. If so, this book is designed for

9

Speed and accuracy are again of “great importance. If

_ You should have breezed through this test at high speed
-- in Jess than sixty seconds with no hesitancy and. nO mis- -

. you. You may. often wonder: “What have they got that I
_,' haventgot?”
<0
¬
ti,
„Your lack of an adequate word arsenal may bave seri-

-

|

you completed this test in ninety seconds and got eight out

-

~ You have just been tested for fluency,

.

8.rơụgh

-

Am.

S. ¬

Tem

..
.

Posite meanings. How will you do with synonyms, or words
of the same, or almost the same, meanings? It is highly
_ important that you have a wealth of synonyms, which are
analogous to the many colors on an artist’s palette, at your

_ command: Synonyms within edsy reach help you paint for `
‘your listener the many shades of your thoughts, they lend
variety and interest:to your conversation and writing. .

IRECTIONS: In the’ spaces given below write two words _
that are
synonymous with the given word, . » Time: 2 minutes

EXAMPLE:
_-

beautiful. lovely, pretty
strong. rugged, powerful

short “brief, concise

ˆ

‘

" ‘This test should be finished’ within the time limit, as

-


‘SECOND

10

DAY

for each of these
there are many more than two synonyms

answers are not
your
if
words. Check with a dictionary
. `,
er.
chapt
the
of
end
found in the list at the
|. recs sa“

AYP

. Gesires (MOUM)
¬
true

TỔ VY ss4xssee
- luminous.
loathing (noun) . aeeeeees aesee
¬—-...
„ doubtfullnasageserengas
,
vulpar

SRAM

_

_

. admiration.

SIVELY

End.

_ Time: 90 seeconds

-

Why does modern music have

A

on you?:
affect, (b) effect]

nize synonyms when you see them.

n words.
DIRECTIONS: Jn the following list there are sixtee
it. Runabove
1
figure
small
a
put

and
l
infide
with
Start
the .
has
that
word
er
anoth
through the list until you find
Then
one.
that
above
1
a
Put
ng.
meani
same OF similar
a figure 2
try the second’ word on the list, large, putting
and
r meaning
‘above it, and search for a word. of simila

pairs | of
mark Ít 2. And so on until you have eight

,
` synonyms or words of similar meaning.
ds
secon
Time: 90
TIMING:

large
- bulty

-abdtct
ee

_.

happen.
eccenticity ..

unsophisticated

` +ÐCCUF

persuade
©.
clever

End. Timing |

induce

such a tr
s

__Walls,
° The [(aa) Principal,

. a

ingenuous

eer

.dictions
He sat for

sài

lên

hours

ta

.
'

(b) principle} features of Souithta)

(b) chords} are inflamed.

[(a ) poring, (b) pouring] over the

« ‘hess
He listened eee
with [(a)
aL baited, ( b) ) b bated] breath for

"

.

al Nelson is famous for one of the most imhistory. [(a) navel, (b) naval] encounters in British

9. The scene of ‘the accident was ii

[(a) flare, (b) flair.

10. lt

boxer made. a (a)

feint, ©)

tt d

ested by a huge

|

faint} with his

End ‘Timing
TEST VI
. Understanding Words

aberration

_
kidnap
unbeliever

h

ange [(a)

2. Most buildings have {(a) stationery, (b) stationary)

fae

for.a
We have tested your ability torecall the synonynis
m
recogto
y
abilit
your
test
to
going
now

given word. We are

4. +, infidel

sở

PN

-

.-

ˆ

, era Cal fornia are sunshine and smog,
_(2)‘contentediy
dsl eas
. irs
Sitting
by y the fire „ th the cat licked

‘Synonym Recognition

START

31

almost. exactly alike but that. differ considerably in
meaning. Check the homonym that makes sense in each
of the following sentences.

.
¬

—...- ố° ọ

Tiiming

Tc

ĐIRECTIONS: Homonyms
pron
i
arare words thatat are pronounced

START TIMING:

eee eeneaeaee sả.

SO

TESTV.
Homonyms

w

=

«eeeeesee chan

-. .

. gutabl

-

—...........«-

1. defects (nown)

START TIMING:

Take This Twelve-Minute Test

DIRECTIONS:

Check the definition th

od

the italicized word in each phrase.- . propery “explains at
ft inte: -2 minutes


SECOND

12

‘START TIMING:
1. An acrimonious argument

a,

(a) long-winded"¬
_(b). sharp. biting, sarcastic '
{c) dull, pointless, and incoherent
. A soporific lectareˆ
(a) so boring as.to-put-one to sleep
Cb) brilliant and informative
(c) well-attended

-

,

DAY

Sop

Tike This Twelve-Minute Test
ˆ 9,

5

Drove adroitly

(a) | skillfully
(b) Dervously.

direct cause

18,

-

(a) empty, meaningless.
(b) open and trusting |
(c) bitter. and scornful:

-

_

End Th iming

-

:

°

TEST Vil.

(b) cure-all’
_ (c)_ condition encouraging continuation

Spelling Without Error

_(b) composed of both dread and 1 desire.

ˆ- those whose linguistic ability needs sharpening. Check the -

. An evanescent feeling —
(a) fading away: quickly

Bere. are ten common, words frequently misspelled by

- (a) fear
(b) dissatisfaction and boredom resulting from iinactivity|.
(c) a. sudden: awareness of one’s “unconscious
motivation

. form that looks right to. you.
Time:

“START

(a) witty or joking at an inappropriate time
" (b) tending to. make peace between people
_(c)

conflict

ini

- A maelstrom of emotions.

—

2.

(a) complete lack
(b) catalogue in chronological order -

(c)

occurrance,. (b) occurrence, (c) occurance
ecstasy,.(b) ecstacy, (c) extacy.
:
drunkeness, (b).drunkenness, (c) đrunkedness
embarassing, (b)
embarrassing, (¢) .embar

rasing .
(a) irresistible, (b) irresistable, (c) irrisistible
(a) supersede, (b) supercede, (c) superceed
(a) disappoint, (b) dissapoint, (c) diseappoint —

(a) occassional, (b) occasional, (c) ocassional

totally irrelevant to the situation .

(c) violent, stormy.confusion
, Maudlin attitudes
(a) self-destructive ©
(b) tearfully and excessively sentimental

Pena

JA jacetious remark.

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)

(a) indispensable,
pensible
perseverance,
_ _ Verance
:

(a)

(b)

indispensible, " (c)

(b): persoverence,

- End Timing

.

showing great maturity at 4 surprisingly early
age .

ì

a

60 seconds

TIMING:

Awe

(c): so unique that it is experienced by very few
people ee
. Overwhelmed by| ennui’

ca

xổ

(c). inattentively
A sardonié smile.

-10,

. Panacea for social ills
(a)

BO

(c)

indes-

perser-_

CS
=>

os

|
. SECOND

14

_ TEST VII a

Pronouncing in the Educated Manner _

DAY

|

ac ept
_ 5.9 BCeeP
__
7. wrestle

of American English is, admittedly,
words changes according to geoof
sound
unstable: the

- nounced almost identically in the Midwest and along much

in the East

regions; whereas

9. figure

and

|
South they sound very different. The first syllable of orange
The
York.
New
in
are
and
nia
Califor
in
or
is pronounced
‘vowel sound of talk and walk is uttered: one way. by a»
‘native of Brooklyn and quite another way by someone
born if Los Angeles. Words like either, tomato, tune, adult,
licorice, strength, and many others can often show the age,

income, background, and sophistication of the speaker... Nevertheless, one kind of pronunciation test will be use_ful in. completing your verbal portrait. The following ten —
words, ationg many others, have both an iterate -or
dialectel and an educated pronunciation. Say each one
carefully “according to its phonetic respelling, then ‘check

- the form that sounds most nearly like what you ordinarily.

z

a

Time: 90 seconds

_

2, athlete - (a) ATHeleet
¬A....
(a) FILM
3. film
2

¬b} EHƯ-em.

4. modern - (a). MAHR’-don
__.(b) MOIX⁄-ran
¬

'() MOD“-er.

`

PAT”-ren

-(a)

.

(b)

FIG-yer.
FlG-sr

..

(a) o-TAK’-tod

(b) ø-TAKT“
End

Timing’.

Now. you may relax. Your test’ot verbal power is con-

cluded; your word portrait is finished. What -you will see

on the canvas—pleasant or unpleasant, encouraging or
discouraging—is what the world sees when you write or
speak. At this point, before yo check your score, we offer.
you one important thought: No matter how good or bad

. . your Word poweris today, it can be immeasurably better, |
“

:_„ ‘more useful, more potent, in just thirty days:

Scoring and Interpretation

~~

etermine your scoré for each test by comparing your

- answers with those given below:
TEST I:

—

(1) short; (2)

oe

|

"

sotith; (3) sađ; (4) same,

. similar; (5) safe; (6) small; (7): smart,”
sharp, sparkling; (8) silent, still; (9) stand;
(10). send
.
,
oe

Scoring: 2-points for each correct answer
' Maximum score:

_TEST

H:

si

:

20 points -

skeptical,

`

-.
:

© Your Score: veces

(1) selfish, stingy; (2) sensible, significant;

(3)

2

\

|

(b) .PAT’-orn

10. attacked.

-The symbol 9 is the sound of the. in about or in Linda.
> START TIMING:
"
1, genuine = (a) JEN-ya-win
(b) TEN-ya-wyne
:

DROWN’-dod

(b} DROWND

(a)

‘use in conversation. ° -

a

‘ok-SEPT’
: eer

tá) RESS’-al.
(b) -RASS/-al-

-

8. pattern

and social’
‘graphical area, ethnic background, economic
are pro-e,
exampl
for
merry,
levels, etc. Mary, marry, and

of the Pacific coastal

(a)

6. drowned’

|

hee
Spry
The pronunciation

th

"-

¬

Take This Twelve-Minute Test

suspicious; (4) ‘simple;

(5):


i@
'

7

ơ

_.

,ĐECOND DY

(3) -occur

: sures (6) slipshod, "slovenly, sloppy; (7)
sleep, sleepiness, slumber, somnolence; (8) os
smooth; (9) subjective; (10): sob, scowl.
. Scoring: 2 points for each correct answer

Maximum score: 20 points
.

, TEST Im:

- (4)

ma eedsP©eedtoeee

(2) wishes, wants, longings, cravings, ape
petites

genuine,
right,
correct, - truthful,.
straight, honest, faithful, Veraclous,,

~ (3)

(6)

disgust, aversion, detestation, antipathy;. repugnance, abhorrence
ˆˆ

(7) ambiguous, vague, obscure, indefinite, .

loose, . uncertain, dubious,
question- able, dubitable
tude, common, coarse, gross, ill-bred, .
low, obscene, ill-mannered, crass
praise, approval,” ‘commendation, -es-.

¬ (8)
(9).

(10)

teem, veneration, approbation

extremely, exceedingly, highly, nóc

mously,

immensely,

abundantly,

tere.

ribly, quite
Scoring: 2 points for each question answered .
Correctly-.

„ —

TEST IV:

`. (1)

.Failure to giye 2 synonyins counts
Z@TO
Maximum score: 20 points
Your Score: |

infidel

(2) -ingenious

(1) “unbeliever

(2) clever

Tàn

(5) bulky

Your Score::

Ï.”...e.60k8se96

. €1) b; (2) bị (3) a; (4) b; @) a; (6)-A;

"

- Œ) b; (8) b; (9) a; (10) a
Scoring: 1 point for each correct choice
_ Maximum score: 10 points â
ơ
Thu
_, Louw Score:

appropriate, consistent, fitting, fit) ap- S
plicable bright, lustrous, radiant, brilliant, vivid, "
gleaming: shining, glowing, lucid

(5)

,

(6) persuade .. (6) induce
(7) kidnap
(7) abdúct(8). unsophisticated
(8) ingenuous '
.Scoring: 2 points for each correct pair

TEST V:

|

pure

- (4)

n

wy

(3). happen

(4) eccentricity |

Maximum score: 16 points

shortcomings, imperfections, “faults, . ; :
weaknesses, deficiencies, blemishes

(1)

aberration. -

(5) large -

. ˆ-

Your Score:

117

Take This. Twelve-Minute Test

TEST

VI:

"9969660084940s6

(1) b; (2) a;: (3) b;1 (4) a; (5) b; (6) a;

re

.(7)c; (8) b; (9) a; (10) c
Scoring: 2 points for each correct choice
Maximum score: 20 points
.

“TEST VN:

Your Score:

(1) b; (2) a; (3) b; 4) b; (5)

- C7) a; (8) b; (9) a; (10) a

a; (6) a

_ 8coring:. 2 points for each correct choice

Maximum score: 20 points `

Your Score:

“TEST VH:

(1) a; (2) b; (3) a; (4) i (5) a; (6) bị.

(7) a5 (8) b; (9) a; (10)b

' Scoring: 2 points for each correct choice

Maximum score: 20 points

Your Score:

Now add your scores s
in the 8 tests to

arrive at.

out ofa maximum of `

146.
:
.

vo

Omar ecemncceacns

:

Your Total Score:

Pee oecsneseenete


“|: SRCOND DAY |

18.

_ Take This Twelve-Minute Test +

_#e†s of speech. They achieved’ their effectiveness by industry and practice: So can you.
- And when you đo, your reward will be great,

Interpretation `

. The beauty of this book is that you start to

YOUR TOTAL SCORE:
120-146. You belong.in the top 10 per cent of the

benefit—not

vocational,

intellectual,

and

social life.

this
‘You will get a special pleasure out of

_„

albook as you perfect a vocabulary that is
reađy sound,

there99-119. Your vocabulary is about averagessandas is fast
as
fore not helping you

gain succe

begin | :
you might otherwise be able to. Why ‘not
cap? :
handi
ary

cess
unne
today to overcome an
make
and
now
ry
bula
voca
your
. Start building
new

this interesting work a daily habit. The new
words you learn will acquaint you with
'
fields of knowledge, and there will be many

‘additional

subtle

and

indirect

rewards,

Re-

achieve:
member: There is no easier way to
.
ulary
vocab
your
to
g
addin
by
success than

—

impoverished
98 and ˆ This score shows a defin.itely
in words may be

below

vocabulary; your weakness
sh and.
holding you back. It would be a fooli ely
diat
imme
g
thin
some
do
fatal mistake not to

Don’t
‘about it. Here are two don’ts for you:
-

let your low score
don’t feel that-only
‘be an expert user
tended school for

unduly disturb you. And
a university graduate can.
of words. Shakespeare at- _
ten years all told. Robert

laborer
Burns, the Scottish poet, was 2 dayLamb nor

out education. Neither Charles
ola
‘to talk about. And Abraham olLinclook
ed like.
scho
a
of
de
insi
the
w whai
with

al schooling
Charles Dickens had enough form
didn’t

_ kno
me masThey and many others like them beca

‘after months. of trial—but from

the first day and with the first chapter.

you
literate population of this country and
in
ion
posit
high
a’
to
should be on the way
your

V19

.

-

- '

- The Romance of Words.

Ga

8 |8
18

81818
1 01 1ï ig

o

“1

_ Words, like living trees, have roots, branches, and-

leaves.

?
4

| The Romance
of Words

-

¬

:

có

Shall we stay with this analogy for a few moments, and
_ see how perfect it is?
~~.
‘The story of the root of a word is the story of its origin.
its roots in the Greek word etymon, meauing “true or
original meaning,” and the Greek ending -logia, meaniig
“science or study.”

So etymology

means

the science

or

study of true or original meanings,
Every word in. our language is a frozen metaphor, a
frozen picture. It is.this poetry behind words that gives

language its overwhelming power..And the more intimately
we know the romance that lies within each word, the better
- understanding we will have of its medning. —
For instance, on certain occasions you will probably say ni
- that you have “caÍculateđ” the cost of something or other.
‘What does the term ‘calculate really meaa? Here is the

-

story. Years ago, ancient Romane had an instrument called -

From now on we want you to look at words intently, to be
"inordinately curious about them and to examine them syllable by syllable, letter by letter. They are your tools of
understanding and self-expression. Collect them. Keep

‘them in condition. Learn how to handle them. Develop

fastidious,

a

but not a fussy, choice. Work always toward

vood taste in their use. Train your ear for theix harmonies.

~ We urge you not to take words for granted just because
‘they have been part of your daily speech since childhood,

You must. examine theni. Turn them over and over as
though you were handling a coin, and see the, seal and

superscription on each one. We would like you actually to

fall in love with words.

Words are not dead things. ‘They are fairly wriggling

-’ a hodometer, or “road measurer,” which corresponded to .
“our modern taxi meter. If you had-hired a two-wheeled
Roman vehicle to ride, say, to the Forum, you might have
found in the back # tin can with a revolving cover that held

a quantity of pebbles. This can was so contrived that each
time the whee! turned, the metal cover also revolved, and a
- pebble dropped through a hole into the receptacle below.
| At the end of your trip you counted the pebbles and cal. culated your bill. Yon see, the Latin word for pebble was
calculus, and that’s where our word “calculate” comes

from. _

¬

cos

Ty

cà

There are, of course, many words with mnch simpler

-_ histories than this. When you speak of 2 giaphũ, for in —
stance, You are merely saying that you have a_sur (French d for “over” plus (Frenth for “more”) or a sur-pluz, That —
is, you have an “ovet.more™ than youneed,
== 8 7 -

_ Should you.be in a sncoty mood for the nonce, aud”
with life. They. are the exciting and mysterious tokens of

happen to look at someone rather haughtily, your fiends
,
—
come
born,
are
they
beings,
human
like
and
.
thoughts
our
_.
might cal! you supercilious, a word thet comes from the
to maturity, grow old, and. die, and sometimes they are
Latin
superciliurn, meaning that “eyebrow” you inst raised.
to iis
-.

ever reborn in a new

age. A word, from

death, is a process, not a static thing...
20

ca

The study of origins is called etymology, which in turn has

aie

ae

|

its birth

-


;aa
:

¬

THIRD

-

^

: ; hat, person you ty ‘so fond

i

of,

who has become

DAY

=

¬

your.

or, bread with you—from

‘companion, is simply
“bread.” Trumps in bridge
_. Latin cum, “with,” and p oveis, ‘or
“triumph,” an old-time
~~ “is from the French nođera. côrửs one suit is allowed to

; Bamne of cards. 3 Samp

other suits. And stil egain,
| triumph over, or to tome ” the
js literally one who takes the
“in the

|

«ss

°

—_

_
|

=

The Romance of Words `

T«

x

#€ODYOT imitation).

sa

. 23

:

who does. condensed writing), and mimeo
graph

¬=.

TỐ

(io: write

a

_, We have in our language a host of roots
There is the Latin spirare, meaning “to blow such as these.
or. breathe,”
from which we get such English words as inspire (breathe
mmụo),

expire (breathe out), perspire (breathe through),

' respiration (breathing again or often ).

army, the liewtenan! © Jatter is not around—from
.
=
“Gar word “liable” comes from the Latin ligare,
place, of .the captain it in “in lieu of)
“to
and _tenir, “tO,
hind.” This fascinating root has branched out into
the French lieu (we 8m
oblige
“derives from the Latin word ;
_ and obligate (to bind to do something), ligatu
hold
The capta
.”in, m Tưng from columna (the “colre (bandage
© =~ op binding), ligament (something that

caput (“head”). Colonel c
ties
two. things
°
BC
|: together), and, with the root no longer so
umn” that he leads).
obviou
uld like to_twit your friend, the
"(those nations or other organizations that s, league
‘If, by any chance, you eit him that his profession
together), and even the word ally (to bind to one are bound
Wall Street broker, ge ter bh word brocour,a “broaal title
another),
cher,”
which is from ad and ligare.
came from the Middle ne
s, a. cask to draw off the wing |
Ạ
These, then, aré
the branches. We turn now to, the
or one who opens, or bee — the same word in the
origin
al
—
leaves
.
If the roots are the origins of words and the
.or liquor. We still emp be ached Jor opene
d up] the sub-

|
branches are the word
sense when we say “He
families that stem
of them,
rg oa in time. a salesman |
" ject.” The. broacher,
the
leaves of this language tree would be the out
or bro
oe as stocks and bonds.
“selves and their
words
themmeani
ngs.
re
»
of wine, then of other
gS, ds. We next come to the |
‘Each
given
word,
in its beginring, had, no doubt, only
- These are the roots of wor Tan age tree
are those |. ~ one meaning: But words are
so full of life that they arebranches. The branches of ony
‘continually sprouting the green shoots of new meani
- many groups of words that have grow!ai out from. one
ngs.

mo
Shall

we choose just one word a8 an instan

. original root.

:
the Latin root spectare,|
“amazing Vitality of language? The simple three- ce of the
‘Let’s take an example. From í
letter word
0
Engli
sh words have
wn
run, up to this moment of writing, has
“to look,” more than 240
more
Englis}
thay,
ninety
ctacle
|:
dictionary definitions. There are
which ted.
meansWe find the
the run In your stocking,
root tini such words .as spec
the

n §
who looks;
you look through),
spectator (one
(
on you
into).
When}bh
Ấy watches), respect (the tribute you givejook
to.
a
pers
- WHC
care to look at again), and inspect (to ooake it plain
that}
‘with disre
, you make it plan
tha )
you treat Oe Teo at spect
him again (dis, * not’ Nhìn
you

sprou

things

do not a “Iook”). Introspection is
8looking
ely
“again arto tke Greek language, which

has
so
.
largely
; " — Purnng.
“`
.
„
an-)
,
discover graphein, “to write,”
enriched our own, v Tng
nh words, We have telegraphal

7

onón the bank,
_ 16 run
ll.l. The© clock
bank, an and aa rup.nrun.i baseba
clok may
basebal
|. -."## r2
down, butthe you
run up a bill. Color
e
run.
You
may run
Face.or run a business,

You may have the run of the mill,

. % quite different, the run of the house when you get the
in of things. And this dynamic little word, we can
assure
. you, lias just begun its varied caree
r with these examples.
Is it
.

any wonder that.our unabridged dicti
onaries contaịn. nưundred; > of thousands ‘of living and
usabl
Ẵ
e words,
ˆ.
.,
.
2
words sparkling with life, prolific in
s
Tiant in their growth, continually shif their breeding, luxuting and changing in

othe
tanbyce)mea_phonograph (writing by
(wrir.tingpr oan
oom aa dis
iting
ns of light), stenograpitesou
enn

r nd)
{008}, | BemWor
s? have: definite
dsing
even
ite ppeisonalitie
photograph «waiting Dy Me TẺ C8 có
ities s anand characters,tos .
TẮn
|

-

¬

:

|-

|


24.

.

THIRD

DAY

:

oe can |be si
cal. ‘They
ant, musical.
¢ ordant,
They can be sweet, sour, disc
ly.
friend
or
ile
host
sharp,
i
ary
ies, try tG
stud
word
our
r
cnte
to
MoE rom t acrid on a8
possible,
if
,
nly aware of words. Look at them
the first
for
them

ng
seei
“Ho Íenh eyes of one who tois do this, you will then be
you
d
".. time. If we have persuade
be won with a more
can
on the way to the succe: sss that

powerful vocabulary.

” There are words in English that can be understood only by

those who have lived and become mature. No explanation,
.. Ro definitions could make them clear to a child.

Here are: ten such words. Pronounce each one aloud
several times, following carefully the phonetic respelling.
(Recali that the symbol 9 has the sound of the a in about

> or in Linda.)
â+đÊexioat
G be

- vicarious

. rationalize

- gregarious

~ Obsequious

(vy-KAIR-ee-0s)

(RASH-sn-9-lize)

(gro~GAIR-ee-os)

( 9D-SEE/-kwee-os)

;mau2lin (MAWD-lin)-

. ascetic

(a-SET-ik)

- pander (PAN’-dory
. sublimate (SUB’-la-mate)

.-.wenion (WAHN“ten)
. effete (o-FEET’)

25

—

`

26

‘FOURTH

Words for Mature Minds

DAY.

will give you the etymology of the word, if its history is

a7

be a spy,a murderer, a figure of international TH
Sa
visitor ‘from another planet. She has only to twist
the
and change her drab existence into an abundant, fuliling,

ble,
You might find it hard, perhaps absolutelyor impossi
girl. -

boy
-to explain these terms to 4 nine-year-old
ehend them and
compr
to
be-able
will
adult,

But you, an
to make them your property. . Let.us discuss them, one by one. Here and there we

-

-

and electric (but vicarious) reality. -

2. Rationalize. You, as a human being, tend to ra-

_tionalize. So do all of ns. There axe selfish men, for in .
stance, who will never give anything to charity. They don’t
_ Wish to regard themselves as selfish, however. They prefer |

tài

to think that charity is harmful to the poor and demoralizes

interesting and happens to throw any light on its present
_ day meaning.

~ those who receive it. In this way the miser can save his
money and his face at the same time. He is rationalizing

“L. Vicarious.- This is an abstract word, but it is one that "

his selfish act and the rational

ization makes him feel bet.

_ ter.
is edsy for the grown-up mind to grasp. For example, there
:
|
ih
In similar fashion,a father who is angry may spank his
are two ways to travél: one by buying a steamship ticket
boy merely to relieve his own personal feelings, But in
and going to your destination, say Paris; the other. by read_ hallo
seli-defense oe
" ing travel stories or travel circulars about Paris. In the first
he will rationali
t
lize. ze his actionion bby making
ing himselé
hi
'' ki)
°
..
directly
nce
at the spanking has been done for the good of the.
‘instance you have enjoyed your travel experie
- ˆ
In the second instance you have enjoyed it vicariously.
_
A child is learning about life when he “pretends,” when

The term ratiqnaiize has a number of meanings, but the

" he plays “store,” or “house,” or “doctor.” Of course he is

. Most common

fully living the life that children do, but he. is also. living
And owing to his
adult life, not directly, but vicariously..

tho thought

for one’s action than the true motive.

living
_ the difference, in thought and effect, between actual

and vicarious living. When he is older and more mature

are living, not
sorrows when you are reading & book. You

atory.
your own life, but the lives of the characters of the ating
suffoc
of
life
a
living
woman
less
lonely, friend

The
after hour,
’ routine or hopeless boredom can sit glued, hour
young
iovely
thẻ
es
_ to the television set. She then becom
can
she
love;
onate
passi
makes
girl to whom a virile male

thrills,
experietice vicariously all the excitement, romance. She
can
of.
exotic adventure that her real life is so. empty

3. Gregario
C
us.us. This term
rm comes
co}
from om the
# Latin

Liệu “a ies »

.

“he will live less vicariously and more actually, and then he

will be able to appreciate the significance of the word.
You, as an older person, will recognize that. you. are:
t
escaping from the real world and are living for the momen
:
and
joys
ous
vicari
a vicarious existence and are. having

one refere to the unconscious process ‘of

\
by which
one\ justifies a‘discre
creditab
di le act, : and by:
which one offers. to oneself and the world a better mothe

emotional immaturity, he is not ready, at his age, to grasp

i

-

°

a3 Of sheep, and you know. sheep ike to

y together. If you are a gregarious type, you are 8 friend.

ly person, a good mixer; you like to be with other people,

That is, » yo
you are the extreme
tremely l' sociab
jable
ie kind.
ki
Because you. |
are gregarious you enjoy parties, crowded theaters
ond
P|e dance. floors;
as you like toto be wh ere folks flock in small
` large HN
Because people are. gregarious, they set
_,

_

matri

have families, live in thronging cities, sing and /

Play together. A hunger for love or friendship and-a
feel-’
ing of kinship with other’ human. beings are norma
l
aud
comm

en human traits. It is the herd instinct
‘that makes
people, to a greater or lesser degree, grega
rious
4,

|

Obzequious

mee

-The sbeøœ

.

bepgear, the underlin

“5

Toelre

and the flunkey all tend to be obsequious, Those whe wen

`

: