AUXILIARY VERB pdf

NHÓM 3
AUXILIARY VERB
I. Auxiliary verb
There are two verb in each of these sentences:
I have lost my keys
She can’t come to the party
The hotel was built ten years ago
Where do you live
In these example have/can’t/was/do are auxiliary verb
• We can use an auxiliary verb when we don’t wan’t to repeat something:
Have you locked the door?
Yes, I have (= I have locked the door)
• We use auxiliary verbs with so and neither
“I’m tired.” “So am I” (= I’m tired, too)
“I never read newspapers.” “Neither do I” (= I never read newspapers either”
II. Questions
1. In question, we usually put the first auxiliary verb (AV) before the subject (S)
S + AV AV + S
Tom will will Tom? Ex: Will Tom be here tomorrow?
You have have you? Ex: Have you been working hard?
I can can I? Ex: What can I do?
It was was it? Ex: When was it (the house) build?
2. In simple present question, we use do/does
You live do you live? Ex: Do you live near here?
It begins does it begin? Ex: what time does it begin?
3. In simple past question, we use did
you sold did you sell? Ex: Did you sell your card?
NOTE: Do not use do/does/did if Who/What/Which is the subject of the sentences.
Who object Who subject
Emma phoned somebody Somebody phoned Emma
Who did Emma phoned Who phoned Emma?

III. What follows auxiliary verbs?
A. Auxiliary verbs followed by a verb anding in -ing or -ed:
Ex: The boy is flying a kite
The book was listed as a best seller
B. Auxiliary verbs followed by the basic form of the verb:
Modal auxiliaries, do in question/ negative sentences, or emphatic do +infinitive
Ex: Paul may arrive tomorrow
Do you like fish?
I do believe that he is right
Meaning of key auxiliary verbs:
1. Will: be willing to; intend to
Ex: I will open the windows for you
2. Shall: intend to (formal); have decided to:
Ex: We shall ask the committee
3. May/Can: be possible to do
Ex: It may rain tomorrow
4. Can/Could/May: be allowed to do
Ex: Can I help you?
5. Must: be necessary, be logically certain
Ex: It must be her purse
6. Must/Have to: be required to do
Ex: Everyone must be on time
I have to sleep late
7. Should/ought to/ Had better: be obliged to do
Ex: She should learn English every day.
I ought to get up early
8. Should have/could have + P.P: was not true, did not happen
Ex: She should have read book
9. Used to/ Would: did in the past
Ex: I used to learn English every day