Introduction to Management Infomation Systems potx

Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Introduction to
Management Information
Systems
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Why Information Systems?

… In the tumultuous last years of the 20th century,
when change was the only certainty and, one after
another, fierce new competitors rose up from every
corner of the globe to vie for dominance of the
world marketplace, enterprise organizations came to
understand that their only hope for survival lay with
Information Technology. And they called out to
their IT managers to instruct them in the ways of IT
and to fashion IT into a brave, finely-honed
competitive advantage with which to vanquish their
enemies
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Is Computer Age Over ?
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
The Information Age vs.
the Computer Age
The Computer Age Time-sharing Computer 1960’s
End of the computer age
Beginning of the
information age

Interactive Computing
Mini/Micro provide user with computer power (as of
Mainframe) but with little cost
Advances in telecommunications(link terminals/PC
→mainframe)
Software advances in application packages (e.g. ,
DBMS, spreadsheet
PC as DSS tool to access information stored in the
center computer files to support management decision-
making process.
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Computer Age vs. Information Age

Computer age refers to the love affair with
hardware (and its speed of processing data)

Information age refers to the trend toward
treating information as a corporate resource
that supplies executives with timely,
accurate information for more effective
decision making.
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Computers Impact
The good news:
Computers allow us to work 100% faster.
The bad news:
They generate 300% more work.
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
The Twenty-first Century will

The twenty-first century will witness only
two kinds of companies:

those that exploit Information Technology (IT)

those that are out of business
Source: Quality Information and Knowledge, Huang et. al., Prentice Hall
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
What is Information ?
DATA
Information is refined data.
INFORMATION
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Data vs. Information

Users really want is

Information

What users can learn from the data

how to satisfy their best customers

how to allocate their resources most efficiently,


how to minimize losses
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
INPUT OUTPUTPROCESS
FEEDBACK
Dr. Chen, Information Age
Dr. Chen, Information Age
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
System Concepts
System Concepts
Manufacturing
Process
Input of
Raw Materials
Output of
Finished Products
Environment
Other Systems
Control by
Management
Control
Signals
Control
Signals
Feedback

Signals
Feedback
Signals
System Boundary
FUNCTIONS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM
FUNCTIONS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM
(General Systems Model)
(General Systems Model)
INPUT OUTPUTPROCESS
FEEDBACK
INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMATION SYSTEM
ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT
Customers Suppliers
Customers Suppliers


Regulatory
Regulatory




Stockholders Competitors
Stockholders Competitors
Agencies
Agencies
ORGANIZATION
ORGANIZATION

Dr. Chen, Information Age
Dr. Chen, Information Age
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Information and our Life

Information (and energy) are at the
core of everything around us.

Our entire existence is a process of
gathering, analyzing, understanding,
and acting on the information.
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Information and Business

Every business is a service business

information confers competitive advantage

Mass customization

needs more information for custom-fit

Information as product


information broker, e.g., clothing database,
purchasing habits etc.
*
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
What is IS /
MIS ?
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
It is the combination of

Computers
(hardware, software)

Data

Human Resources
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
It is the combination of

Computers
(hardware, software)

Data

Human Resources
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
To facilitate managers in


Day-to-day
operations

Data Processing

Decision Making
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
100 Years ago
Today
Today

Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
changed the World
changed the World

Information
Revolution!
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Industry
Evolution
(mid 1770s)
Steam Engine
Rail Road
(1829,
change concept
of distance)

Information
Evolution
(late 1990s)
Computer
Impact on:
Economy, Politics,
Social change
Internet
(1990,
??? Distance)
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
100 Years ago
Today
Today

Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
changed the World
changed the World

Information
Revolution!
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Why should we
learn?
What should we

learn?
How should we
learn?
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
Information Systems as Planned
Organizational Change:
Linking Information Systems to the
Business Plan
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
INFORMATION and PROCESS
Information is frequently said to be
the glue that holds an organization
together.
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Dr. Chen, Introduction to Information Systems
More Information ?

More information is
not profitable unless
it is relevant
information.

Executives will need
better information in
the future if their
companies are to be
competitive.