HUMAN RESOURCES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH KNOWLEDGE BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THUA THIEN HUE NOWADAYS THE DOCTORAL THESIS IN ECONOMICS HA NOI

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS AND
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
------------------------------

HA THI HANG

HUMAN RESOURCES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH
KNOWLEDGE - BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
IN THUA THIEN HUE NOWADAYS

THE DOCTORAL THESIS IN ECONOMICS

HA NOI – 2013


HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS AND
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
------------------------------

HA THI HANG

HUMAN RESOURCES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH
KNOWLEDGE - BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
IN THUA THIEN HUE NOWADAYS
Major
Code

: Political Economy
: 62 31 01 01

THE DOCTORAL THESIS IN ECONOMICS

Scientific instructors: 1. Associate Prof.Dr.Tran Quang Lam
2. Dr. Vu Thi Thoa

HA NOI – 2013


CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
I here by declare that the research paper titled “Human Resources
For Industrialization And Modernization Associated With Knowledgebased Economic Development In Thua Thien Hue Nowadays” my own
work and to the best of my knowledge. Data and materials used in the
thesis are real with obvious origins; findings in this thesis are studied
results of the writer.

AUTHOR OF THE THESIS

Ha Thi Hang


LIST OF ABRREVIATIONS
CNH
CNH, HĐH
CMKT
CNTT
CNXH
CNKT
CĐ
ĐH

FDI
GD - ĐT
GS
KTTT
KTTTh
KT - XH
KH - CN
KCN
LLLĐ
LLSX
LĐ
NCS
NNL
NNLCLC
NNLKH - CN
PGS
SC
SX - KD
THCS
THPT
THCN
Ths
TCCN
TC
TCH
UBND

Industrialization
Industrialization, Modernization
Technical expertise

Information technology
Socialism
Technical worker
Junior College
University
Foreign Direct Investment
Education- Training
Professor
Market economy
Knowledge-based economy
Socio-economy
Science-technology
Industrial Zone
Labor force
Production labor force
Labor
Postgraduate
Human resource
High-quality Human resource
Scientific-technological Human resource
Associate Professor
Elementary
Production-Business
Sencondary School
High School
Vocational school
Master
Vocational Intermediate
Intermediate
Globalization

People’s Committee


TABLE OF CONTENT

Page
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1:
AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH INTO HUMAN RESOURCE FOR
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED
WITH KNOWLEGDE- BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

1.1

The research works into human resources for industrialization and

1
7

7

modernization.
1.2

The research works into high- quality human resources in the

19

knowledge-based economy
CHAPTER 2:

RATIONALE AND REALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES FOR
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED
WITH KNOWLEGDE- BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2.1

28

Human resources for industrialization and modernization associated

28

with the development of the knowledge-based economy
2.1.1

Human resources and characteristics of human resources for
industrialization

2.1.2

and

modernization

associated

with

28

the

development of the knowledge-based economy
Industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of knowledge-based economy and requirements of

35

human resources
2.2

Regularity

in

industrialization
2.2.1

human
and

resource

structural

modernization

shift

associated

towards
with

the

development of the knowledge-based economy
Factors affecting structural shift of human resources towards
industrialization

and

modernization

associated

with

48

49

the

development of the knowledge-based economy
2.2.2

Trends and regularity in the human resource structural shift towards
industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of the knowledge-based economy

51


2.3

Experience of some countries and some provinces in the country in

59

human resource development
2.3.1

Experience in the development of human resources in some East

59

2.3.2

Asian countries
Experience in the development of human resources in some

68

provinces in Vietnam
2.3.3

Lessons for Thua Thien Hue province in the development of human

73

resources for industrialization and modernization associated with
the development of the knowledge-based economy
CHAPTER 3:
THE CURRENT SITUATION OF HUMAN
RESOURCE FOR
INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION
ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGEBASED ECONOMY IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

3.1

76

Natural conditions, Socio-economic characteristics of Thua Thien

76

Hue affecting the formation and development of human resources
for industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of the knowledge-based economy
3.1.1

Natural conditions of Thua Thien Hue Province affecting the
formation and development of human resources for industrialization

76

and modernization associated with the development of the
knowledge-based economy
3.1.2

Socio- economic conditions of Thua Thien Hue affecting the

78

formation and development of human resources for industrialization
and modernization associated with the development of the
3.1.3

knowledge-based economy
Evaluation of natural conditions, socio- economic situations

80

influencing the formation and development of human resources for
industrialization

and

modernization

associated

with

the

development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua
3.2

Thien Hue
Development and movement of human resources structure for
industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of knowledge-based economy in Thua Thien Hue
Province

83


3.2.1

Actual situation of the scale and quality of human resources for
industrialization

and

modernization

associated

with

83

the

development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua
3.2.2

Thien Hue

Actual situation of structural shift of human resources for
industrialization

and

modernization

associated

with

90

the

development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua
Thien Hue
3.2.3

Actual situation of training system of human resources for

112

industrialization and modernization associated with knowledge3.3

based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue
Overall Assessment of human resources for industrialization and

118

modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based
economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue
3.3.1

Advantages, benefits in the development and structural shift of

119

human resources for industrialization and modernization associated
with the development of knowledge-based economy in the province
of Thua Thien Hue
3.3.2

Restrictions, causes of limitations and issues raised in the
development and structural shift of human resources for
industrialization

and

modernization

associated

with

122

the

development of the knowledge-based economy

CHAPTER 4:
133
VIEWPOINTS AND SOLUTIONS TO HUMAN RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION
ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED
ECONOMY IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

4.1

Viewpoints and forecasts on the development of human resources
for industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua
Thien Hue

133


4.1.1

Forecasting the demand of human resources for industrialization

133

and modernization associated with the development of knowledgebased economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue in 2020.
4.1.2

The basic viewpoints in human resource development for
industrialization and modernization associated with the

135

development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua
Thien Hue
4.2

Solutions to the human resource development for industrialization

143

and modernization in association with development of knowledgebased economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue
4.2.1

Group of solutions to development of human resources for
industrialization and modernization associated with development of

143

knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua Thien Hue
4.2.2

Group of solutions to direct training and retraining of human

150

resources for industrialization and modernization associated with
the development of knowledge-based economy in the province of
Thua Thien Hue
4.2.3

Group of solutions to exploit and effectively use human resources

166

for industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of knowledge-based economy in the province of Thua
Thien Hue
CONCLUSION
LIST OF REFERENCES
APPENDIX

175


LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Number sign
Table 2.1

Name of table and figure
Informatics’ Labor force in the total labor force of

Page
56

developed countries
Table 2.2

Labor force in the field of software in developed countries

56

Table 2.3

Work development in economic sectors in advanced

57

countries
Table 3.1

The structure of the working age population by educational

88

level
Table 3.2

The intelligentsia of Thua Thien Hue Province to 2010

89

Table 3.3

Scientific- Technical Staff of Hue University in 2001 - 2011

90

Table 3.4

Labor force working in the IT field in 2009

92

Table 3.5

Agencies' ratings on labor’s ability of creativeness at work

94

Table 3.6

Population aged from 15 and over with Technical Expertise

102

divided by grade of training
Table 3.7

Labor force aged from 15 and over divided by training field

104

in 2011
Table 3.8

Labor with employment aged from 15 and over by

105

Technical Expertise level and Field of Training in 2011
Table 3.9

The number of employed labors divided by career

111

Table 3.10

Vocationally trained Labor force in Thua Thien Hue

115

Province in 2001 - 2010
Figure 3.1

Human resources structure by levels of Technical Expertise

99

in 1999 - 2011
Figure 3.2

Labor structure by economic lines in 1999 - 2010

107

Figure 3.3

Labor structure with employment divided by sector in 1999

109

- 2011


1

INTRODUCTION
1. The urgency of the theme
Theory and practice have confirmed the critical role of human resources,
especially High-Quality Human Resources for the socio-economic development in
general and industrialization and modernization in particular. In fact, nations and
locals paying interest in training and rationally effective use of human resources
have reaped success. The rapid recovery of Germany after World War II, or the
miraculous development of the countries and territories with the advanced industry
in Asia like Japan, Korea, and Singapore ... is clear evidence.
Human resources plays a decisive role, but different levels of development
pose different requirements for human resources. In the context of the scientific and
technological revolution, the trend of globalization and the rapid spread of the
knowledge-based economy, Vietnam can not make industrialization, modernization
in the "traditional" way but "taking a short-cut and wait in front" instead, ie
industrialization, modernization are associated with the development of the
knowledge-based economy. The Resolution of the Tenth Party Congress confirmed
"Seize the favorable advantages created by the international context and the
potential, advantages of the country to shorten the process of industrialization and
modernization in the country as socialist-oriented, socialism associated with the
development of the knowledge-based economy". To accomplish this goal, in the
strategy of socio-economic development to the year 2020, the Party identified three
breakthroughs and one of them is rapid development of human resources, especially
high-quality human resources.
Thua Thien Hue is a Province in the Central Region with relatively harsh

natural conditions and limited resources for the socio-economic development.
Recognizing the importance of human resource development, High-Quality Human
Resources for the socio-economic growth and development, Thua Thien Hue
Province has so far formed the Project 02/TU/2008 for training doctors and masters
abroad; Project 03/TU/2008 for training of key staff in communes, wards and town


2

by titles; Planning for Education- Training development by 2015 and orientations to
2020; Project for development of vocational training in the period of 2011-2015 and
prospect to 2020… The education level of the population in working age has a
positive change: the literacy rate of employment in 2005 was 83% by 2010
increased to 93.5%; the rate of educated workers from secondary school and high
school is increasing with high density, in 2001 accounted for 33.6% and in 2010,
49.5%. Along with the increasing education level of workers, the knowledge trend
to form High-Quality Human Resources is increasingly is very clear: in 2010 the
number of people with postgraduate degrees was 2,024 people, 41,744 people with
university degrees, 13,505 people with college degrees, 34,198 people at
intermediate level, technical workers, 202,860 at primary level, 148 professors and
associate professors, 106 meritorious People’s teachers, 15 meritorious People’s
physicians, 16 meritorious artisDr. In addition, the capacity, the ability to create,
manipulate the knowledge, skills, training in scientific research, teaching,
leadership, management, labor, manufacturing, health care, community were raised:
in 2006 there were 98 scientific researchers awarded the Ancient Capital prize in
science-technology; in the period 2003 – 2008, 13,100 scientific researchs,
innovation and creativity of workers and employees were applied… However, the
human resources of the Province is not commensurate with the requirements of
industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the
knowledge-based economy. Major manifestations are: 1) Workers from 15 or older

not having the technical expertise account for relatively high proportion (87.4% in
2009), the number of employees with technical expertise was only 12.6%; 2) The
level of training takes time to change; 3) The qualifications training structure
between vocational levels was inadequate: elementary vocational training and
equivalent accounted for more than 84%; while Vocational Intermediate and
equivalent accounted for only 14%, while vocational college training was too low,
only 1.79%; 4) The staff of the commune, ward or township has limited capacity,


3

professional expertise: more than 50% of the commune, ward or township does not
meet the standard ...
The question is, to absorb and apply the achievements of human knowledge, to
create new knowledge and implement the Conclusion 48/KL - TW dated 25/5/2009
of the Political Bureau on building and development of Thua Thien Hue Province
by 2020, it requires the Province to focus on human resource development, highquality human resources. This is a big challenge for Thua Thien Hue Province
where the majority of the population living on agriculture with backward production
level of mainly simple and unskilled labor. Therefore, development of human
resources to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization
associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy should be
studied deeply both in theory and practice to get the consistency in awareness, as
well as the way to do it.
Deriving from the above reasons, the postgraduate student chooses the topic
"Human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien Hue at
the present time" for the doctoral thesis.
2. Objectives and research tasks of the dissertation
2.1. Research objectives
On the basis of the systematizing theoretical and practical issues in human

resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development
of the knowledge-based economy, the thesis analyses, assesses the situation of
human resources for industry of modernization associated with the development of
the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue. It has proposed
a number of measures to develop human resources for industrialization and
modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in
the Province of Thua Thien Hue in the near future.
2.2. Research tasks
With the above objectives, the thesis has the following main tasks:


4

Firstly, systematize and analyze the theoretical and practice basis of human
resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development
of the knowledge-based economy.
Secondly, the empirical study of a number of countries and a number of
Provinces in the country in the development of human resources, the thesis draws
out lessons useful and valuable reference for learning, model selection and
development of human resources to meet the requirements of industrialization and
modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in
the Province of Thua Thien-Hue.
Thirdly, analysis of

the current status

of

human resources for

industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the
knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue. On that basis, the
thesis provides viewpoints and proposes some solutions in order to develop human
resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the development
of the knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue from now to
the year 2020.
3. The object and scope of the study
3.1. Studying Object of the thesis
The dissertation studies the human resources for industrialization and
modernization associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in
view of scientific political economy, which mainly studies the state of development
and the movement of human force structure in the Province of Thua Thien-Hue,
from which proposes solutions to build human resources for industrialization and
modernization associated with the development of knowledge-based economy in
Thua Thien-Hue from now to 2020.
3.2. The scope of research topic
Space: Studying human resources for industrialization and modernization
associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province
of Thua Thien-Hue.


5

Time: Studying human resources for industrialization and modernization
associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in the Province
of Thua Thien Hue with the data limited in the period from 1999 to 2012 and the
solutions made for the period up to 2020.
4. Research Methodology
- The thesis is based on the theoretical basis of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi
Minh’s Ideology, viewpoints, guidelines and policies of the Communist Party, the

State's policy on human resource development and the relating economic theories.
Factual basis of the thesis is to analyze the experience of some countries and
localities of our country and evaluate the development status and shift the structure
of human resources in Thua Thien-Hue.
- On the theoretical basis of dialectical materialism and historical materialism
of Marxism-Leninism, the thesis uses specific methods: analysis - synthesis method,
information collecting and processing method; at the same time, inherits the
research results related to the thesis.
- In particular, questionnaire survey is used to collect opinions of employees
on issues related to human resources. Due to limitations in time and expense, the
thesis only surveyed 500 labors including workers in enterprises (100 samples),
labors doing management work (100 samples); labors in the fields of Finance,
Banking and Insurance (100 samples); labors doing Education- Training tasks (100
samples) and labors in Construction, IT and Telecommunication (100 samples). In
addition, the thesis uses expert method to interview 80 people working in
leadership, human resource management in many agencies and businesses located
in the Province and has direct discussion with a number of scientists to clarify the
theoretical and practical issues related to the thesis.
5. New scientific contribution of the thesis
- Introducing the concept of human resources, human resources for
industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the
knowledge-based economy on the basis of absorbing the thoughts of C. Marx on


6

labor, the previous studies and clarifying the characteristics of human resources for
industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the
knowledge-based economy.
- Clarifying the characteristics of industrialization and modernization

associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy. Since then the
thesis confirms different levels of development pose different requirements for
human resources. In the model of industrialization and modernization associated
with the development of the knowledge-based economy, human resources must
meet certain requirements in terms of quantity, quality and structure.
- Clarifying the impact factors, trends and regularity in human resource
structure shifting towards industrialization and modernization associated with the
development of the knowledge-based economy.
- On the basis of the empirical study of human resource development in a
number of East Asian countries and Provinces in the country, the thesis draws some
useful lessons for developing human resources for industrialization modernization
associated with the development of the knowledge-based economy in Thua Thien-Hue.
- Clarifying the development status and shift of human resource structure
towards industrialization and modernization associated with the development of the
knowledge-based economy in Thua Thien Hue with its own specific characteristics
of a Province located in the key economic zone of the Central region.
- Based on the characteristics of natural, human and human resource situation,
the thesis states six (06) viewpoints and proposes three (03) major solutions to
develop human resources for industrialization and modernization associated with the
development knowledge-based economy in the Province of Thua Thien Hue to 2020.
6. Structure of the thesis
In addition to the introduction, conclusion and a list of references, the thesis is
structured into four (04) chapters, eight (08) sections.


7

Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ON HUMAN RESOURCES FOR
INDUSTRIALIZATION, MODERNIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH

KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

In the recent years, Human resources, High-Quality Human Resources is the
issue in which many scientists in and outside the country have had interest and done
a lot of valuable scientific research widely publicized in forms of reference books,
dissertations, scientific articles ... To ensure the inheritance and affirm the
contributions of the thesis, the dissertation divides the scientific works into two
groups of issues: the studies of human resources for industrialization and
modernization and research about High-Quality Human Resources in the
knowledge-based economy. On such basis, the thesis has chosen and generalized
the relating works to the thesis as follows:
1.1.

THE

STUDIES

INTO

HUMAN

RESOURCES

FOR

INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION
1.1.1. Reference Books and Monographs
- Nolwen Henaff, Jean - Yves Martin scientific editor (2001), Labor,
Employment and Human Resources in Vietnam in 15 years of innovation, World
Publisher, Hanoi. This is a collection of articles written by scientists in the nation

and abroad about: educational policy, employment, economic restructuring,
business development, human resources development ... by such researchers as: Dr.
Nolwen Henaff, Dr. Jean - Yves Martin, Professor Geoffrey B.Hainsworth, Dr.
Fiona Howell, Dr. Nguyen Huu Dung, Dr. Tran Duc Khanh, Associate Prof. Vo Dai
Luoc , Dr. Tran Tien Cuong ... Of which, notably is the article by Professor
Geoffrey B.Hainsworth "Development of human resources to meet the challenges of
the strong globalization process and an economy based on the new
understandings". The author has a unique approach when asking questions like:
How to expand the career options and life prospects for rural population - those who


8

are holding the greatest undiscovered resources of the country? How can they
receive special attention of policy makers and donors? Thereby, the author analyzes
three issues to find answers:
1) The scope of education and vocational training. The author asserts,
Vietnam’s culture always has the tradition of highly appreciating knowledge, before
the renovation though it was very difficult, Vietnam achieved a very special level of
literacy and gender equality, however, when switching to market economy, there
was a high drop-out rate at the secondary level. Thereby, the author argues that:
tuition fees, the chronic shortage of new teachers into the profession at every level
of education, low wages compared to other professions ... limit the scope of
Education - Vocational Training; 2) The increasing use of labor force and
expanding career choice. The author said that although the relative proportion of
GDP in agriculture is lower than in industries and services, the structural changes in
the labor use are virtually unchanged in terms of employment. So, according to the
author it is necessary to have training programs and other educational reforms
including increasing the number of classrooms, the number of teachers and
upgrading equipment for teaching, wages. .. 3) In terms of sectors, technology

options and business ownership. The author argues that for a country in the early
stage of industrialization like Vietnam, it is vital to develop manufacturing,
processing and attached services; also, should not choose high- technology but the
suitable one like software technology, basic research…
- StiTechnical expertise tava M / P (1997), Human resource planning:
Approach needs assessments and Priorities in manpower planning, Manak
Publishing House, New Delhi. Approach in terms of economic development, the
author considers HR is the whole human capital with which human is considered a
special capital for the production process, a form of property can increase the
economic wealth; human capital includes the skills, knowledge and experience
accumulated through the working process; the costs of Education - Training ,
Medical ... are viewed as the cost of production inputs in order to improve the


9

ability, production capacity of human resources. From this approach, the author has
pointed out the practical benefits of human resources if we know and respect: 1)
Human capital is a special capital possible to produce sources of income in the
future, so investment in human resources will bring higher rate of return, the more
this capital is widely used, the greater the value is, the more wealth is created,
bringing prosperity to the society; 2) Human capital doesn’t have the regularity like
other sources: depreciation of capital invested in the property and other type of
materials; human capital after investment will maintain and develop without
creating pressure on the volume of capital required in a short time; being the capital
with skills, knowledge, experience and creative ability. Thus, if there is investment
in human capital, the perTechnical expertise ive effect will be great that no other
capital can match. With this approach the author offers suggestions for the thesis
analyzing the requirements of human resources, especially High-Quality Human
Resources for the industrialization and modernization associated with the

development of knowledge-based economy.
- Le Thi Ai Lam (2003), Development of human resources through education
- Training - Experience of East Asian Countries, Socio-Science Publishing House,
Hanoi. The book is meticulous scientific research work applying approach by the
world economy major and international economic relations, is divided into three
sections: the first section, the author provides theoretical treatise about HRD
through Education - Training by presenting HRD concepts, human development,
relationships between human resources development and industrialization. At the
same time the author gives a theoretical framework with such main points as:
human resources for economic growth, human resources for improvement of labor
productivity, increase income, reduce poverty and inequality; the trend of
knowledge-based economy development and globalization create public demand for
High-Quality Human Resources ... to interpret the role of improving the quality of
human resources through Education – Training; the second part, with 4 chapters,
the author focuses on analysis of practical development through Education-


10

Training in East Asia. Chapter 2: The role of human resources development
through Education - Training in East Asia. The author analyzes the role of human
resources development through Education - Training with practical evidence from
the economies, the industries and companies which has proven the author’s
viewpoint is proper and highly convincing. Chapter 3: Industrialization Strategy
and mutual conformity with the development of human resources through Education
– Training in East Asia. In this chapter, the author presents four external favorable
conditions and internal advantages for the East Asian countries to build
industrialization strategies. In particular, the author outlines four stages of
industrialization and different requirements of human resources. These sketches will
be interesting clues for the postgraduate to adopt and develop during this thesis

completion. Chapter 4: Adjust HRD through Education - Training in East Asia.
Based on the sketch of 4 stages of industrialization, the author states each stage has
different requirements for human resources development and education should be
appropriately adjusted. Therefore, the author studies the adjustment process in East
Asia in the following aspects: expanding opportunities as well as considering the
factors leading to receive education in the process of industrialization; development
of Education – Vocational Training system; building high- quality university
educational system. Chapter 5: Problems and solutions to the current HRD through
Education – Training in East Asia. The author analyzes some of the problems in the
HRD system through Education - Training in East Asia. Notably, the author
presents solutions to human resources development for the knowledge-based
economy in the East Asian: increase social awareness of lifelong learning;
emphasize retraining and advanced training; reform regular educational system to
encourage and develop the system of irregular education; the third part is the
totalization of lessons learned from practices analyzed in chapter 3, 4, 5. There are 5
lessons drawn and analyzed in Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 providing some notes about
the context of human resources development through Education - Training in
Vietnam today, comparing the similarities and differences in the development of


11

human resources through Education - Training in East Asia and Vietnam, from
which outlining six suggestions for the development of human resources through
Education - Training in Vietnam until 2010. In this research, the valuable
experience of the East Asian countries in High-Quality Human Resources
development is inherited and selected.
- Dr. Nguyen Thanh (2005), Development of human resources for
industrialization and modernization of the country, National Political Publishing
House, Hanoi. Approaching philosophical perspective, the author derives from the

standpoint of Marxism – Leninism, Ho Chi Minh’s Ideology and relies on the
Party's viewpoint on human development, the role of education in order to confirm
of Education - Training as "a top national policy" to develop quality human
resources. The book is structured into three parts: the first part, the author outlines
the concept of Marxism – Leninism, Ho Chi Minh’s Ideology and relies on the
Party's viewpoint on human development, human resources development, from
which the author suggests that the role of human resources is critical to the process
of industrialization and modernization in our country; the second part, the author
makes an overall assessment on the status of human resources in our country in
such aspects as: quantity, structure, intellectual resources, technical expertise... on
this basis, the author offers orientation for the development of quality human
resources to meet the demands of industrialization and modernization including:
HRD associated with accelerating socio- economic development; human resources
development associated with democratization process, the social and cultural life,
effectively exploiting the value of traditional and modern culture; improve the
quality and efficiency of Scientific- Technological staff; formulation of human
strategy on that basis, develop quality human resources for industrialization and
modernization; the third part, clarifying the role of education as a determinant of
human development, quality HRD strategy for industrialization and modernization
in our country.


12

- Dr. Doan Van Khai (2005), Human Resources in the process of
industrialization and modernization in Vietnam, Political Theory Publisher, Hanoi.
With several studies in human resource issues in both theory and practice, the
author has new points of view about people in industrialization compared with
previous old-style notions. In Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 of this study, the author
focuses on clarifying the theoretical issues. In Chapter 1, the author analyzes some

common problems of industrialization and modernization, but the most notable is
the generalization of industrialization models in the world. In Chapter 2, the author
introduces the concept of human resources with broad connotation including 6 basic
aspects and derived from the position and characteristics of human resources in
comparison relations, relations with the impact on other resources and emphasizes
the role of human resources in the knowledge-based economy being multiplied by
promoting intellectual power and becoming the resource of all. Based on theoretical
analysis, in Chapters 3 and 4, the author comprehensively evaluates the status and
characteristics of the human resources in our country from 2001 to 2005 in the
number, structure, quality and draws 6 comments, from which the author said that
the human resources of our country did not meet the requirements of
industrialization and modernization. To meet the requirements of industrialization
and modernization labors are required to have creative energy, adaptability and
excellent working skills, thus the author proposes 3 major groups of solutions to
effectively exploit and use human resources to meet the requirements of
industrialization and modernization: the solution group for rational and efficient
exploitation of human resources; solutions group for human resources development
to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization; solution group for
building favorable social environment for the exploitation and efficient use of
human resources.
- Dr. Vu Ba The (2005), Promoting human resources for industrialization and
modernization - International experience and practices in Vietnam, Labor - Society
Publishing House, Hanoi. The book is approached by the specialized world


13

economy and international economic relations, focuses on analysis and clarification
of the rationale related to HR, HRD experience of some advanced countries such as
Japan, America, the Asia - Pacific region in terms of policies, strategies, objectives

...; assess the current status of human resources in our country in terms of size,
speed, quality of human resources and draws achievements, limitations, cause of the
limitations of HRD; proposes 4 solutions to Vietnam's human resources
development in the future: solution group to develop secondary education; solution
group for development of Colleges, University and Postgraduate; group improving
efficiency of using existing human resources; advanced solutions group to improve
health of Human resources.
- Dr. Mac Van Tien (2005), Social Security and HRD, Labor - Society
Publisher. The book is a collection of 100 articles in 10 years referring to a number
of content and different aspects of social security and human resources
development. The book is divided into 3 parts: the first part is a collection of
articles on social security; the second part is a collection of articles on social
insurance; the third part is a collection of articles on HRD. In the third part, there
are several articles for the researcher to refer to, inherit and develop in this research
process, such as a number of issues in the development of human resources in our
country; development of human resources and human resource development policy
of some countries; HRD and HRD policy in the period of industrialization and
modernization; the actual quality of human resources in Vietnam ... Of which, the
most remarkable article is: Role of HR in the Knowledge-based economy.
According to the author, humanity is standing on the threshold of a new
development of human society moving into the Knowledge-based economy, but for
Vietnam initially conducting modernization, it is necessary to take a short-cut and
wait in front otherwise we will be far left behind compared with other countries in the
world. This can only be done when we have proper investment strategies in HRD.
1.1.2. Scientific topics, Doctoral theses
- Vu Duy Du (Project manager) (2005), Evaluation of human resources in
Thua Thien Hue and research solutions for use and promotion, Topics in Science-


14

technology. In this research work, notably from the assessment criteria of Human
resources and data collecting methods (surveys of households and businesses ...),
the author assesses the situation of human resources development in Thua Thien
Hue province in 1999 - 2004 on the following aspects: current status of human
resources; the actual use of human resources (employment situation of the labor
force in the three sectors; the situation of 4 Labor groups); labor conditions, labor
market institutions, the status of Education - Training system; staff situation in the
political system at all levels; the labor force working in enterprises. On such basis,
the author provides estimates of the labor demand - supply in the period 2005 2015 and proposes some solutions to human resources development policy in Thua
Thien Hue province in 2015.
- Phan Thanh Tam (2000), Main measures to improve the quality of human
resources for the needs of industrialization and modernization of the country, Ph.
D. Thesis in Economics. The author presents the concept of human resources, HR
quality; analyzes a number of factors affecting the quality of human resources.
According to the author, Education - Training is not the only factor directly
influencing, improving the quality of human resources in terms of mentality power
of human resources, but also having impacts on health, ability to acquire
technology, attracting investment, creating jobs; researching experience of the U.S.,
Japan and other Asian countries to improve the quality of human resources and
draw lessons for Vietnam. On the basis of analyzing the general problems of HR,
the author uses depth analysis of the actual quality of HR in Vietnam from 1989 to
1999; the factors affecting the quality of human resources in terms of mentality
power of the resources include training capacity to provide human resources of the
education-training system, investing state budget for Education - Training,
Education-Training planning mechanisms - Phone, Policy for using labor with
Technical expertise; particularly the author gives bases for building solutions to
improve the quality of human resources and proposes four solutions to develop
education and use, retraining staff to improve the quality of human resources.

15

- Bui Sy Loi (2002), Human resources development in the period of
industrialization and modernization in Thanh Hoa province in 2010, Ph. D. Thesis
in Economics. The author focuses on clarifying the general issues of human
resources: the construction of the concept of manpower, human, human resources
and human resources development; outlines the basic characteristics of human
resources; analyzes 3 factor groups affecting HRD: group of natural factors, group
of socio-economic factors, group of elements related to political mechanism;
analyzes dialectical relationship between human resources development and
transformation of economic structure, of labor structure and for industrialization and
modernization; presents the experience of developing countries (Thailand,
Malaysia), the countries in the transition (India) and countries with advanced
industries (Japan) from which draws 7 lessons that can be applied to Vietnam in
general and to Thanh Hoa in particular. The thesis deeply assesses the state of
human resources development in Thanh Hoa province in 1996-2000. On this basis,
the author generally assesses the situation of the development of human resources
and achievements, the shortcomings and their causes, offers 4 viewpoints and
proposes 5 solution groups for HRD during the period of industrialization and
modernization in Thanh Hoa to 2010.
- Nguyen Dinh Luan (2003), Some solutions to HRD in the Mekong Delta
towards industrialization and modernization by 2010, Ph. D. Thesis in Economics.
The author presents the theoretical and practical issues of human resources
development from concept, position to the components of HR, HRD experience of
the countries. Particularly, with throughout approach, the author focuses on the
factors affecting the development of human resources towards industrialization and
modernization as a basis to analyze the situation of human resources and proposes
solutions to the human resources development in the Mekong Delta in Chapter 3.
Based on the theoretical framework, the author analyzes the current status of human

resources in the Mekong Delta in the direction of industrialization and
modernization in such aspects as: Actual condition of Education-Training in human


16

resources development; the Science - Technology situation in HRD; Socio-Cultural
condition in HRD. Thereon, the author draws comments, reviews and suggests 3
major solution groups for HRD in the Mekong Delta towards industrialization and
modernization by 2020.
- Dao Quang Vinh (2006), Development of human resources for the
agriculture and rural industrialization and modernization, Doctoral thesis in
Economics. The author presents some theoretical and practical issues in the
development of human resources for agriculture and rural industrialization and
modernization such as concepts of human resources and human resources
development; content and criteria for HRD for agriculture and rural industrialization
and modernization; some experience in human resources development for
agriculture and rural industrialization and modernization. In particular the author
analyzes the dialectical relationship between human resources development with
industrialization and modernization in agriculture and rural areas and outlines the
rules of movement of human resources in the industrialization and modernization in
agriculture and rural areas. At the same time, the author analyzes the current status
of human resources, human resources development and factors influencing the
development of human resources for the agriculture and rural industrialization and
modernization in Vietnam in 1990, an overview of the achievements, constraints
and suggests five issues need to be addressed in priority to human resources
development and agriculture and rural industrialization and modernization. On the
basis of the situation and the dominant ideology in which the people are the most
important resource, the author offers 5 viewpoints and proposes 7 solution groups to
develop human resources for the agriculture and rural industrialization and

modernization in Vietnam in the coming years
- Duong Hoang Anh (2008), Development of human resources for
industrialization and modernization in Da Nang, Doctoral thesis in Philosophy.
Approaching in philosophical perspective, the author has inherited the knowledge of
previous scientists to complete and supplement the research on the issues: the