Danh động từ và phân từ

V. GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
1. Verbs that are always followed by the infinitive
agree attempt claim decide demand desire
expect fail hesitate hope intend learn
need offer plan prepare pretend refuse
seem tend want wish


I
decided to write
a research essay.


I work hard and I think I
deserve to be
well paid.


Peter wished he’d never
promised to help
them.
2. Verbs that are always followed by the gerund
admit appreciate avoid can't help consider delay
deny enjoy finish imagine mind miss
postpone practice quit report resist risk
suggest

She enjoys
running
for competition.

Where possible, we
have avoided using
technical terms.


I
appreciated hearing
from them.


I
can't help worrying
about it
3. Verbs + preposition followed by the gerund
approve of count on depend on give up insist on keep on
rely on succeed in look forward to object to

I
object to paying
so much for milk.


His wife finally persuaded him to give up smoking.
4. Adjectives + preposition followed by the gerund
accustomed to afraid of capable of fond of intent on
interested in successful in tired of

I was
afraid of losing

my way.
5. Adjectives followed by the infinitive
anxious easy hard ready boring good
pleased strange dangerous prepared usual difficult
common able

She’s upstairs getting
ready to go
out.


I’m not
prepared to listen
to excuses.
6. Verb + Noun/Pronoun followed by the infinitive
advise convince force order teach allow
hire permit tell ask instruct want
cause expect invite remind warn need
require


I taught him to swim.


They did not permit us to enter the area during the investigation.


They tried to convince him to buy a cheaper car.

My uncle is going to teach me to drive this summer.

7. Gerund or Infinitive

Here are verbs that can take either a gerund or infinitive. However,
some of them can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive with
a difference in meaning.
begin can't stand remember
*
forget
*
start stop
*

dread prefer
*
hate try
*
continue like
*
regret love intend




He began shouting
abuse at them.


Suddenly the rain began to fall

.




PREFER



I prefer walking
to riding. (In general)


Let's take a bus. No, I prefer to walk
. (On a particular
occasion )




LIKE


I like eating
apples. (In general)


I'd like to eat
an apple now. (At the moment)



STOP


He stopped talking
. (He didn't talk any more.)


He stopped to talk
. (He stopped doing something in order to
talk.)




REMEMBER


Remember to come tomorrow.
(Future action)


I remember hearing
this song before. (Past event)





FORGET


He forgot to write
a letter to me. (He didn't remember.)


I shall never forget seeing
the zoo for the first time.


(Forget: no longer have the memory of)




TRY


He'll try to meet
us at 4 o'clock. (try: make an attempt)


Try cleaning it with petrol.
(try: make an experiment of)


EXAMPLE
Use the following sets of words and phrases to write complete
sentences.

 Mary / learn / swim / when / she / very young

 I / really / looking forward to / work / with / you
