A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF COMORBID TRAITS AFFECTING FEEDING IN INFANTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME

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GRADUATE SCHOOL
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Is approved by the final examining committee:



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To the best of my knowledge and as understood by the student in the Research Integrity and
Copyright Disclaimer (Graduate School Form 20), this thesis/dissertation adheres to the provisions of
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!"#$%&'()(*+,-&&
.(/'0/%12'#0",'(-3-&41"1(%5(#%6%/7"8(0/-"01(-55'#0"39(5''8"39("3("35-301(:"0$(*%:3(1438/%6'
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BCDECFGDG
Master of Science

Graduate School Form 20
(Revised 9/10)

PURDUE UNIVERSITY
GRADUATE SCHOOL

Research Integrity and Copyright Disclaimer




Title of Thesis/Dissertation:




For the degree of
Choose your degree

I certify that in the preparation of this thesis, I have observed the provisions of Purdue University
Executive Memorandum No. C-22, September 6, 1991, Policy on Integrity in Research.*

Further, I certify that this work is free of plagiarism and all materials appearing in this
thesis/dissertation have been properly quoted and attributed.

I certify that all copyrighted material incorporated into this thesis/dissertation is in compliance with the
United States’ copyright law and that I have received written permission from the copyright owners for
my use of their work, which is beyond the scope of the law. I agree to indemnify and save harmless

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violation.



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*Located at />
A retrospective analysis of comorbid traits affecting feeding in infants with Down syndrome
Master of Science
Nichole L Duvall
08/19/2010
A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF COMORBID TRAITS AFFECTING FEEDING
IN INFANTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME

A Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty
of
Purdue University
by

Nichole L Duvall
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
of
Master of Science
December 2011
Purdue University
Indianapolis, Indiana
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viii



ABSTRACT
Duvall, Nichole L, M.S. Purdue University, December, 2011. A retrospective analysis of
comorbid traits affecting feeding in infants with Down syndrome. Major Professor:
Randall Roper.
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common aneuploidy to affect humans and
occurs in approximately 1 of 750 live births. Individuals with DS present with a wide
range of clinical phenotypes. Common craniofacial phenotypic expressions include a
small mandible, protruding tongue, and a flattened nasal bridge. These traits may affect
the feeding, breathing, and swallowing of individuals with DS. Because some
complications may go unnoticed for longer periods of time, we hypothesize that
significant cardiac and GI defects may be indicative of feeding and airway difficulties. In
order to better understand the secondary phenotypes resulting from DS, we have
implemented a retrospective chart review of 137 infants between zero and six months of
age who were evaluated through the Down Syndrome Program at Riley Hospital for
Children from August 2005 to August 2008. Data regarding cardiac, gastrointestinal,

endocrine, airway, auditory, and feeding abnormalities have been collected and
incedences and comorbidites of these traits has been examined.
Comprehensive results indicate cardiac abnormalities occur in 80% of infants,
60% experience gastrointestinal complications, feeding difficulties occur in 46%, and
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