nghiên cứu và triển khai hệ thống voip cho doanh nghiệp

LỜI CẢM ƠN

 !"#$"%"&'($)#*)+,-. /0
123456($. 7"82009:
;$$"<=>!$6 !"#$,)?@
ABC$.C.DE")F:BF"%.($
G6H:BI<E"JB,.>K"$
*A,BI"LIAMG6*D.A5($
BI#I"N(HAA$<O(5A,A$
 !"#$"%"&.>I=$6?$:
P)") !"#$?@ABCE")$;34
56B56QKRC
="%1,GJ/A>,"";;$$>
E!(S"&:
TH" !"#$U@ABG)$;A,
RVWX"%A0H7"8.Y*!($*)+"N(H($
*ZA!A$>(!.>)1 !"#$:BN
"<%<[[,($H),IHA
>A$),$!B(#!($*\"%*]"=
*5.Y*)+U*!I".:
6HG($*)+H"<=DD*;
=*'I). !"#$E"&. "4*)
2=56=($$;=0:NA5I?BE
(,AL0)BC$($.C.DE^
<Z_V`aV_a
R !
UbCP[cMQ<
NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIÁO VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN
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R$6dd=ddMaV_a

=(H,GJ
 56eQKRC=
NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIÁO VIÊN PHẢN BIỆN
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R$6dd=ddMaV_a
=(H0!
56e
MỤC LỤC
fghijR:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
RkRblmXhnohpRqrRstR::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
RkRblmXhnohpRiRThuR::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
vfv::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::(
sXRvwRx:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::(
B_:hrhhuy:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::_
_:_:f4G"#$e::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::_
_:a:SHH+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::a
_:z:(H+:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::a
_:{:T>S"#$::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::z
Ba:|RyXR}~Roh::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::•
a:_:P=!€o(€h::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::•
a:_:_:hA$1•:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::‚
a:_:a:=$5h::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::‚
2.1.2.1. Thiết bị đầu cuối 7
2.1.2.2. Mạng truy nhập VoIP 8
2.1.2.3. Gatekeeper 8
2.1.2.4. Gateway 9
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a:z:_:q";::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::_{
a:z:a:R&";::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::_‚
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ˆ:_:=";2hTb"&?C6G 0•X.€.*.•e::::::ˆV
7.1.1. Tiết kiệm chi phí đầu tư thiết bị ban đầu: 70
7.1.2. Linh hoạt và cơ động 70
7.1.3. Cung cấp nhiều tính năng, tiện ích mới hoàn toán miễn phí 71

7.1.4. Các hạn chế của IP PBX 71
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ˆ:z:,=;;2"#$:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::ˆa
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DANH MỤC HÌNH VẼ
Hình 2.1 Cấu hình của mạng điện thoại IP 7
Hình 2.2 Kết nối từ máy điện thoại tới máy điện thoại 13
Hình 2.3 Kết nối từ máy tính tới máy điện thoại 14
Hình 2.4 Kết nối từ máy tính tới máy tính 14
Hình 3.1: Cấu trúc hệ thống Asterisk 21
Hình 3.2: Asterisk có chức năng là 1 tổng đài IP-PBX 22
Hình 3.3 : Asterisk trong hệ thống Call center 22
Hình 3.4: Mô hình kết nối phần cứng Asterisk server 26
Hình 4.1: Bắt đầu quá trình cài đặt VoIPSwitch 36
Hình 4.2: Chọn thư mục cài đặt VoIPSwitch 37
Hình 4.3: Kết thúc quá trình cài đặt VoIPSwitch 37
Hình 4.4: Lỗi kết nối đến cơ sở dữ liệu của VoIPSwitch 38
Hình 4.5: kiểm tra quá trình kết nối đến MySQL 39
Hình 4.6: Giao diện khởi động VoIPSwitch 39
Hình 5.1: Card FXO X100P 41
Hình 5.2: Lệnh dahdi cfg_vvv 44
Hình 5.3: Lệnh dadhi_scan 44
Hình 5.4: Hệ điều hành đã nhận Card X100P 45
Hình 5.5: Trạng thái hiện tại cả Card X100P 45
Hình 5.6: Các kênh hỗ trợ khi gắn Card 46
Hình 6.1: Kiến trúc mạng VoIP nghiên cứu 50
Hình 6.2: Đăng nhập vào A2B Admin 58
Hình 6.3: Giao diện Admin của A2Billing 58
Hình 6.4: List Provider được thiết lập 61

Hình 6.5: Tạo Trunk kết nối các nhà cung cấp 62
Hình 6.6: Danh sách Trunk đã được thiết lập 62
Hình 6.7: Tạo RateCard cho các cuộc gọi trong nước 63
Hình 6.8: Tạo RateCard cho các cuộc gọi quốc tế 63
Hình 6.9: Danh sách các Rate gọi trong nước và quốc tế 64
Hình 6.10: Tạo và add các RateCard vào CallPlan 65
Hình 6.11: Danh sách các Customer đã thiết lập 65
Hình 6.12: Tạo mới 1 vitual Fax 66
Hình 6.13: Gửi Fax 67
Hình 6.14: Tạo Gatekeeper 68
Hình 6.15: Tạo Dial Plan 69
Hình 6.16: Tạo người dùng 70
Hình 6.17: Cấu hình cước phí sẽ áp dụng cho khách hàng 71
Hình 6.18: Giao diện đã đăng ký thành công 71
DANH MỤC CÁC TỪ VIẾT TẮT
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TÓM TẮT
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Χη  νγ 1. GIỚI THIỆU
1.1. Lý do chọn đề tài:
R$66=G](S(—E7($"G0<=G]
(S6#>"%<G$($=G](S,G&=;
5"C6:#"#2ZA$. =;2!"!@
($!:S;B7;•. "G2=G]
(S(—0D<-. =;2=!AH36#
GJ?@A4Z!6;($!5#:
6#3h‘h’A$NI!"&74=
;E!6(,SH;6)+MEG](S
2„R>E!>6#.>A!($6#:R#2
!hA$. *)&=3=1%="=Z!";

6#"HhB 6#GIA!:NI";
2!>h!6A$*M*)>(,„R6#>";
E=G](S(,=$EB0•=.@GS"5>!
H„R($"6#3h:QC6A$1"%"&;
*#,H),"!R:
6H(,?,"G](S="L'736)=
AG](SHNB.[5c"G](S:Q;"=+6H5
"=$=;(—*-*-H+=
=,Z*";Z&=G](S"($"%""&N.>*)3
*3:3=1?C6G N"G](S1(!*)-=
!B.[5UA"&3C0[(174\A,(#K*
):NI=•?,"G](S=$(JGS
"&I$ U"A$(!6#Z!H+€€
‘(€(€h’:!6#Hh"%6)(!6#3
6;*H0•6;$(JG61"&B.[5
(>G""€A#";:
bE=-) ($ZE0=2(E"#H7"#$
œNghiên cứu & triển khai hệ thống VoIP cho doanh nghiệp••S"Z1
;!6#,$6-"+GS($ ):
1.2. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu
h"A$NN=2!>(—($?%
N:,I";(&Nh"%+'"&.+.>($Z
 —2:„ =;3=2hU"KN(E
"#"A$(!™I=+h2#$=;
*=:$"+"&D,#E"A$:zaz2
hyc($„h2h…‹:RNE6)*=3h.Y"&
$##+*=:
RH(E"#3";;;*"&h($ )1
;"&0E2=+"&.@GS"K0!A$=+
0=!:Q#*!5. "L(E"#€>. <($=

;2hAA$(E"#*)>(,!>h(>($S;A$(E
"#1;(#5#O"$hH#A?•G• ($?C6
G !>hG!*)>Ih($„R:$
"C6UA$NGZ20$A(M>!$6:
-I;0)H+A46)*=.C(#6H7.Y
)(,1 ):-"A$ =(E"#(,D$*H
+A46);36)($A "&:
1.3. Phạm vi nghiên cứu
hA$NA\( NA,(1(6(2A(M>!
7/*.=N.>=*)+B0(#B)6#3
he
•1;!h:
•=+6#Z!3h:
•1)A=!>6#h:
•1;5#O"$X.€.*:
•1;5#O"$h„•:
• s](S3€€:
• s](SZ,:
• s](S‹?3h€€::
•;*1+GShGH
Q;MZ )2"#$7U?C6G B1G€";
6#3fXR($h€€:
1.4. Bố cục đề tài
,S"ZH+!h($=ZMN!>
h"<=<e
Phần thứ nhấteRH+O3(#!h
Phần thứ haie;*!>h:$"&$ˆBZe
Chương 1ehrhhuy
10$6AZG"#$S"Z">&($(H+:
Chương 2e|RyXR}~Roh

CZ"===,H+I(E"#L</
I(E"#$"#$5H+36):
Chương 3euƒRohX„…†h„P
,!(#E7!>X.€.*($3610HG]($$"K
X.€.*:,!G](SZ,ZHX.€.*($(#!‹XbH
#h:
Chương 4euƒRohoh„Œh
,!A&)($=0,™0]$"KE1H#2
h„•:
Chương 5eŽywRX†sb_VVhXoh•rh„R
,!(#Gb_VV;)(,!>„R:=0,$
"KE1:
Chương 6eRhpR¡y–†h•RPXhuƒRX„…†h„P
bC6G 1hG HX.€.*h„•";1;.C.D(#
h"<=1 )(#N1hGH:
Chương 7eP•fykR
Χη   ν γ 2. TỔNG QUAN VỀ MẠNG VOIP
2.1. Khái niệm Voice Over IP
hc"! €€6 A$ G](S"! GN
‘TG0G€A€6’"A$6"O$"!),:
G!"G5G56)*;"!6#>";
GS=A&Z($"K";$"!€€A:!h0D
"5-M_‰‰•*6A€A"N5#"!€€"5
H6H=6Z=C>"!$66.@GSGC
A:5#$6A$h€€€:N*6)";*"A$
*GN5#.@GSG€G"EA&*š
BE#.(,"!A7":6H5#$6"%
[AHO)"=GEN>32(!""!h:
$M_‰‰W€>*HAA&h)?E?/_¢OA
A&2£:=$.?E)0]>DH+=)0]

š-"!.($-"!."!:
$MaVVVN.>$.?EA$.($f€"%")0]*
M"]6)($6;AA&G"AA&h"%M
AHBz¢OAA&‘[£’:
R$66=(E"#AH3")EA&G](S2h"%"&
36)"=*;AA&h"&$36#H.(,=AAA&
*=GIA!";"0EA&N:-h($MaVV•
A$?E?/z/"A($G "=($MaVVW.YA$Wz/"A"#$6""&0[
N.>6)>A$=$M="K";($!ZAH3
")"!h:,N.>5*=$6$M‘ZGSA$5
(#6#13h’E6BA"56+F2A1
!$6:
2.1.1. VoIP là gì ?
€(€h€€A‘h’A$N2"#N6H(#>A "
A$!š6#-@,3
h€NEA&;E"&:h"A$=6Z.@
GS+h";6#:
Q]\œ;E"&•SN($$S;S
N($(!N#6#:RA$*Z!)"&
6;A$N52NNG—I"#$6\
A$6)> "&7O—@($
E:6H*Z!)"&6#A$N52(!6#
N#(ZGS"$= 6)KN0$G—6)
 6)1(!,(#O—Z*D*€B:
2.1.2. Các thành phần mạng VoIP
€=H+2…„hE1™2"!h;
0<=5@.e
• )0]"5>*)>(,h
• 6h
• ?B.>h

• €•6
• €*€€€
• 6;*H
• )0]"5>*)>(,6;*H
=*)>*=E1;HK0,N.>5
@H:
E  1    2    "!    h  <  =  5  @  €*€€€
€•6=)0]"5>($=6Z:“)0]"5>)(,
N€*€€€($)$6>(,)I)0]"5>($
€•6:“€*€€€.Y]=!3A4N(”U;
#€*€€€3A4N(”&N(”#
€*€€€:
(”3A42=€*€€€=Z!0=!;"&
6;)3NK#€*€€€:s"=€*€€€*
M"O=(,*NAH3")#€*€€€:
E12"!h"&1a:_:
Gatekeeper
Gateway
Gateway
DNS Server
M¹ng chuyÓn
m¹ch kªnh
IP Network
PC
Telephone
M¹ng chuyÓn
m¹ch kªnh
Telephone
PC
Hình 2.1 Cấu hình của mạng điện thoại IP

+M2=5@.e
2.1.2.1. Thiết bị đầu cuối
)0]"5>A$N7>E12"!h:R
;"&*)>(,h.@GSN=G!6:N
)0]"5>;šNH0h !N,
NH0*=6;*H:=N ".Y"&
€*€€€$)0]"5>KH0"%"M*4=.=:
N)0]"5>;<=*>+M.e
• +M"5>e($=0:
• +M0*H6#e"0Z02*H6#
*)>(,)0]"5>:
• +M0*H0=!e"0Z02*H0=!
*)>(,)0]"5>:
• +M?=e)A"K";G*=$)0]K
5@=G”";?="]00=!6
0+"%"&6#K:
• +M3A4e)(,!>3A4:
• +M=0.@GSe?="]KA=(#.
*!‘60=’($$6H:
• +M0===0.@GSe0===0"%"&.@GS
)0](:
2.1.2.2. Mạng truy nhập VoIP
6hš)0]"5>€•6€*€€€6
($h3B.[5.Ÿ:„"C6A$N($AG!6
h"&.@GSE1™2"!he
• 6„R
• 6h„sR
• 6fXR
• 6„
• 6s…

QC6*A$E=G!6hN($A*="
"&H+";.@GS"!h:QK";2=G!
$6;C6[")EA&($Z02N"!
h:
2.1.2.3. Gatekeeper
€*€€€A$5@2]=!3A4(!"M*4E
($=2=)0]"5>($€•6:€*€€€;
($(!3A4(”?@A4N($0=!N:R?="]"GJ
";6#0=!N($NG">(,“N:€*€€€;
0<=*>+M.e
•+M6;"O"]/…:_‚{‘„>…:_‚{A$.>"!C2€
E7($*)"=.>"&*6)]…:_‚{2fH
(—3>)hy’e6;"O"]/…:_‚{."]/h($&A";
6#=0($6#"]/h";6#=00<%
A $E:
•+MG]"]/*He($6#"]/h2=*H
6#0<%A $E:
•+MG]"]/*He($6#"]/hS(S0=!
0<%A $E:
•+M)I=€*€€€e !"OI=
€*€€€:
•+M"M*4eE=5"M*4*6H5G](S:
•+M?=e)A="K";G2*=$)0]
"5>K=5@:
•+M0*He"0Z02*H0=!
*)>€*€€€(,)0]"5>:
•+MZ,e";Z,:
•+M"#/>"N($=,e?="]>"N($=,:
•+M3A4e)(,!>3A4:
•+M=0.@GSe?="]KA=(#.

*!‘60=’($$6H:
•+M0===0.@GSe0===0"%"&.@GS
)0](:
2.1.2.4. Gateway
€•6A$N5@*E)N):zaz:
R"(LA$5@5>($/($NN*.
6;)-:zaz‘(ZGSfXR6h€€’.
:zaz‘(ZGS6;*H6„R’:N€•6;*)>
(A4(,N6#h6(,N6#6;*H:
N€•6;0<e€•60=!€•66#*H
€•6"#*;6#*H:N6#+M$6; 
!N€*€€€6N€•6*=:
• €•60=!„ŒeE*H0=!Ih($
6;*H:€•60=!A$5@6;"OI0=
!h‘(ZGS:zaz’($0=!6;*H‘(ZGS
†a„ˆ’:€•60=!=+M.e
o +M*)>=+"#*;N:
o +M*)>0=!-6;*He>&"N
(,=+M0=!2€•6"#*;6#*H:
o +M0=!e6;"O0=!Ih(,0=!
6;*H*>&"N(,€•6"#*;6#*H
:
o +MG!6;e*)>6;
:
o +M0*H0=!e"0Z02*H0=!
*)>(,)0]"5>:
o +M3A4e)(,!>3A4:
o +M=0.@GSe?="]KA=(#.
*!‘60=’($$6H:
o +M0===0.@GSe0===0"%"&.@GS

)0](:
• €•66#*HeEB!"; !
+M6;"O%=:R.Y6;"OI=%=h(,
=%=6#6;*H:€•66#*H
0<=*>+M.e
o +M6;"O"]/*HeE"]/h=
*H6#($:
o +M6;"OA<e6;"OI=A<I
h($6;*H0<(!6;"/%=($!)(:
o +MG]%=e"]6)=A<Ih($
6;*H:
o +MG!(,6;*He*)>($"#*;=
*H-6;*H:
o +M6;"O*HIh($6;
*He6;"OI*H‹?GIA!26;
*H($=GIA!h:RU !=+M?@
A4Z!Z&ešZ!!)(%=6;"OZ
!‹?($"#)>"NG€B :H($"L !(!
6;"OIZ!%"5s‹6;*H($=Z
!Z&h*=0N%=Z!*%=Z
!%"5s‹:+M6;"O*HIh($
6;*HU;(#AA&($EA&
*H">(,“N";.@GS(!0==)($"#*;N
:
o +M3A4e)(,!>3A4:
o +M=0.@GSe?="]KA=(#.
*!‘60=’($$6H:
o +M0===0.@GSe0===0"%"&.@GS
)0](:
• €•6"#*;6#*HŒe"(L5@*)

>I€•60=!($€*€€€:RE+M?@A4N
€•6"#*;€•66#*H0=!
26;*H-€•60=!($0=!2
h-€*€€€:€•6"#*;6#*H0<=+M
.e
o +M6#($=0:
o +M?=e)A="K";G2.@GS
)0]K=5@:
o +M"#*;NeAI==N2€•6:
+M$60<E="#*;*)>A2€•6:
o +M0=!e6;"OI0=!h($0=!
6;*H3=1>&"N(,€•60=!:
o +M3A4e)(,!>3A4:
o +M=0.@GSe?="]KA=(#.
*!‘60=’($$6H:
o +M0===0.@GSe0===0"%"&.@GS
)0](:
2.2. Các loại hình dịch vụ thoại qua IP
#6HD=G](S3+h<N.>A."C6e
• =6"!,=6"!‘€€’
• =6Z,=6"H‘€’
• =6Z,=6Z‘’
2.2.1. Máy điện thoại tới máy điện thoại

Hình 2.2 Kết nối từ máy điện thoại tới máy điện thoại