REPORTED SPEECH (Full)_ Câu tường thuật, giántiếp(đầyđủ)

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II/. REPORTED SPEECH:
Câu nói tường thuật (gián tiếp)
2.1 STATEMENTS
: Lời phát biểu

Examples:
(1) Peter said: “I work for a big computer company in London.”
 Peter said (that) he worked for a big computer company in London.”
(2) They said: “We are going to visit grandmother tomorrow.”
 They said (that) they were going to visit grandmother the day after.

LƯU Ý:
Câu nói gián tiếp
(khi mệnh ñề giới thiệu* (câu dẫn) ở quá khứ)
có những thay ñổi
sau ñây so với câu nói trực tiếp:
* Trong ví dụ (1) ở trên mệnh ñề giới thiệu là “Peter said that”, ví dụ (2) mệnh ñề giới thiệu là “They
said that”

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
 ðổi ngôi: ðổi ngôi cho phù hợp với tình huống
- The students said: “We are going to organize our first English speaking
club next weekend.”
 The students said that they were going to organize their first English
speaking club the next weekend.




 Lùi thì:
DIRECT SPEECH
(Trực tiếp)
INDIRECT SPEECH
(Gián tiếp)
Hiện tại ñơn Quá khứ ñơn
Hiện tại hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành
Hiện tại tiếp diễn Quá khứ tiếp diễn

Quá khứ ñơn Quá khứ hoàn thành
Quá khứ tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

WILL, CAN, MAY WOULD, COULD, MIGHT
HAVE TO / HAS TO /
MUST
HAD TO
would/could + V
0
would/could + have + V
3

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
 ðổi các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn:
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DIRECT SPEECH
(Trực tiếp)

INDIRECT SPEECH
(Gián tiếp)
here there
now / at the moment then
this ; these
the (hoặc that; those)
today; at this time that day; at that time

tomorrow the day after / the following day / the
next day
next week the week after / the following week /
the next week

last week the week before / the previous week
yesterday the day before / the previous day

the day after tomorrow two days after / in two days’ time
the day before yesterday two days before
two weeks ago two weeks before/earlier



 Bảng “ngôi”:
Subject Object Possesive
Adj
Reflexive
Pronoun
Meanings

I me my myself

We us our ourselves
You you your yourselves
They them their themselves
He him his himself
She her her herself
It it its itself



 Exercise 1:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1. John said: “I am going to New York next month.”
John said
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2. Jane said to us: “We have learnt French for three years.”
Jane told us
3. George said: “We didn’t attend the party last night.”
George said
4. Tom said to me: “I am sure you will be successful here.”
Tom told me
5. “I don’t like Rock”, said John to me.
John told me
6. Joe said: “We met at high school and we have been best friends ever
since.”
Joe said
7. She said to us: “My father is teaching English at this school”
She told us
8. Kathy said to me: “Your language is easy to understand.”

Kathy told me
9. John said: “I must go to see the doctor now. My head is burning.”
John said
10. Jim said: “If the weather is fine tomorrow, we’ll go for a picnic.”
Jim said
2.2 QUESTIONS
:
Câu hỏi
 Câu hỏi WH:
Examples:
(1) He asked: “Where are you going to organize the party, Jane?”
 He asked Jane where she was going to organize the party.
(2) He asked me: “How long will you stay here?”
 He wanted to know how long I would stay there.


 Câu hỏi Yes / No:


- He asked me: “Will you go fishing with us next Sunday?”
 He asked me if I would go fishing with them the next Sunday.
 He wanted to know whether I would go fishing with them the
next Sunday or not.




 Exercise 2:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
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1. John said to me: “What are you doing here?”
 John asked
2. He asked her: “How long have you been waiting?”
 He asked
3. “What would happen if I pressed this red button?” said the boy.
The boy wondered
4. He said to Alice: “When will you come back here again?”
 He wanted to know
5. He said to John: “Why didn’t you attend the meeting yesterday?”
 He wanted to know
6. He asked her: “How long have you been working here?”
 He asked


 Exercise 3:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1. He asked me: “Did you meet Jane at the buffet last Sunday?”
He asked
2. “Will it work?” said the man.
The man wondered
3. He said to her: “Are you free this Saturday night? Would you like to
go to the movies with us?”
He asked her

4. He asked them: “Have you been waiting long?”
He asked
5. She asked John: “Do you often visit your mother in the countryside?”
She asked

6. She asked him, “Did you enjoy the party last night?”
She asked
7. He said: “Will Peter come back here again?”
He wanted to know
8. She said to George: “You look so tired. Did you sit up late last night?”
She said


2.3 REQUESTS or COMMANDS
:
Câu yêu cầu, mệnh lệnh


(1) “Come in and lie down on the sofa, please!” said the doctor to
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John.
 The doctor told John to come in and lie down on the sofa.

(2) The doctor said to him: “Don’t smoke anymore!”
 The doctor told him not to smoke anymore.
 The doctor advised him not to smoke anymore.


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
 Exercise 4:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1. He said to me: “Don’t touch the wall please. It has just been painted.”

He told

2. He said to us “Open the windows please!”
He told
3. He said to us: “Don’t leave your bags here!”
He told
4. The doctor said to him: “Don’t drink so much!”
The doctor advised
5. He said to me: “Please lock the door carefully before leaving the
house”.
He reminded me
6. He said to Anne: “Don’t forget to send me a message when you get
there next Sunday!”
He reminded

7. “Just come to visit grandma whenever you are free!” said his brother
to him.
His brother told

8. “Stop making that much noise, please! Little Timmy is sleeping.”, said
his mother to him
His mother told


MORE EXERCISES
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

Exercise 6: Turn the following sentences into reported speech:
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1. John said to me, “How long will you stay here?”
John asked
2. “I’m going to New York next Saturday,” said Peter to Daisy.
Peter told Daisy
3. “Don’t smoke anymore. Smoking is bad for your health,” said the doctor to him.
The doctor advised
4. John said to me: “I’m sorry. I didn’t call you earlier.”
John apologised
5. “I’m glad you have passed your exam. Congratulations!” said George to Tom.
George congratulated
6. He said to them: “Please wait here for a minute. Don’t come in now.”
He told
7. Mr Smith said to them: “Have you two met before?”
Mr Smith wondered
8. She said to him, “Don’t worry that much. It will be alright.”
She told
9. “Will they come next Sunday or not, Jane?”
He wanted to know
10. “I will go camping with you next Saturday if the weather is fine”
He told me
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

Exercise 7: Turn the following sentences into reported speech:
1. She said to John: Where are you going now?
She asked John
2. “You shouldn’t drink that much”, said the doctor to John.
The doctor advised

3. “I’m sorry. I have forgotten to bring you the book,” said Jessica to George.
Jessica apologised
4. He said, “I’ll drive you to the station, Jane.”
He offered
5. “We will come back again next summer.”
They promised
6. He said to them: “Come in, please!”
He told
7. He said: “I stayed at this hotel last summer.”
He said
8. She said: “We are going to hold a welfare party next Saturday.”
She said
9. “It’s a pity I couldn’t attend the meeting yesterday,” said Kevin.
Kevin wished


2.4 OTHERS: Các dạng tường thuật phổ biến khác


 Exercise 5:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1. He said to Jane “I’m sorry. I didn’t call you earlier.”
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He apologized for
2. The doctor said to him: “You shouldn’t smoke anymore.”
The doctor advised him
3. He said to me: “Let me drive you to the station.”
He offered

4. He said: “Would you like to go to the movies next Saturday, Kathy?”
He invited
5. He said to me: “How about going out for dinner this evening?”
He suggested
6. He said to George: “Congratulations! You have passed your
examination.”
He congratulated
7. “You shouldn’t go out late at night these days.”
He advised
8. She said: “Thank you very much for your lovely present, Alex.”
She thanked
9. They said to him: “Thank you very much. You have helped us a lot
with the work.”
They thanked

10. He said: “Why don’t we go to Rex Restaurant for a big dinner this
evening?”
He suggested
11. The boy said: “I didn’t take her bags.”
The boy denied
12. “Yes. That’s right. I took his briefcase.” said the enquired man.
The enquired man admitted
_________

_________


MC EXERCISE: Circle the best choice

EXERCISE 6:

1. He asked me ________ of the football match.
A. what did I think B. what do you think
C. what I thought D. what I think
2. The librarian _______ the book out of the library.
A. said me not to take B. told me don’t take
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C. said me didn’t take D. told me not to take
3. “Don’t smoke in this room, please.”
A. He told me don’t smoke in that room.
B. He told me didn’t smoke in that room.
C. He told me to not smoke in that room.
D. He told me not to smoke in that room.
4. She wanted to know ________.
A. whether her child is doing well at school
B. whether was her child doing well at school
C. if her child will be doing well at school
D. if her child was doing well at school.
5. She asked me ________.
A. where do you come from B. where do I come from
C. where did I come from D. where I came from
6. He _______ that he would give me a ring the following day.
A. told B. asked C. spoke D. said
7. My mom wanted to know ________.
A. when will I return home. B. when would I return home
C. when I will return home D. when I would return home
8. She asked, “why do you look so sad today, Jimmy?”
A. She wondered why do you look so sad that day.
B. She wondered why did Johnny look so sad that day.

C. She wondered why Jimmy looked so sad that day.
D. She wondered why Jimmy is looking so sad that day.
9. She said, “I’m going to Miami next week.”
A. She told me I’m going to Miami the next week.
B. She told me she is going to Miami the next week.
C. She told me I was going to Miami the next week.
D. She told me she was going to Miami the next week.
10. She asked John __________.
A. how long he has been waiting
B. how long has he been waiting
C. how long had he been waiting
D. how long he had been waiting
11. “Don’t go out after 10 p.m., Judy”, said her aunt.
A. Her aunt told her not to go out after 10 p.m.
B. Her aunt told her not to going out after 10 p.m.
C. Her aunt told her didn’t go out after 10 p.m.
D. Her aunt told her not go out after 10 p.m.
12. “You shouldn’t drink that much, James,” said the doctor.
A. The doctor advised James to drink that much.
B. The doctor advised James not drink that much.
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C. The doctor advised James not to drink that much.
D. The doctor advised James didn’t drink that much.
13. My father asked me, “where are you going?”
A. My father wanted to know where you are going.
B. My father wanted to know where I was going.
C. My father wanted to know where was I going.
D. My father wanted to know where I am going.

14. She asked her son _________.
A. when will he get home B. when would he get home
C. when he would get home D. when he will get home
15. She said to John, “I am leaving for New Hampshire next month.”
A. She told John she was leaving for New Hampshire the following month.
B. She told John I was leaving for New Hampshire the following month.
C. She told John she is leaving for New Hampshire the following month.
D. She told John I am leaving for New Hampshire the following month.
16. She asked me _______ I had learnt any French before.
A. if B. that C. which D. what
17. They asked me _______ I loved eating Sushi.
A. that B. if C. even if D. if only
18. He wondered _______ I would like to go swimming with them.
A. that B. what C. whether D. which
19. Someone _______ me you were away on holiday.
A. said B. asked C. told D. spoke


EXERCISE 7: Error Identification

20. They said they will let me go with them on the trip.
A B C D
21. The teacher asked him why hadn’t he done his homework, but
A B C
he said nothing.
D
22. I asked them what were they doing, but they said nothing.
A B C D
23. They asked me that I had ever been to the place before.
A B C D

24. They told to Mary what to do, but she didn’t listen and made
A B C D
that mistake again.
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25. Tony told that he didn’t known what to say in such an embarrassing
A B C D
situation.






EXERCISE 8: (Further Practice)
Asked, wondered, begged, ordered, advised, promised, reminded,
suggested, insisted, invited, offered, refused, apologized, denied,
admitted, accused, pleaded, pledged…
(to be continued)

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


TÓM TẮT CÁC DẠNG CĂN BẢN

3.1 Statements: Câu phát biểu
Peter said: “I am going to New York next week.”
Peter said [that] he was going to New York the following week.



 ðổi ngôi, lùi thì, ñổi các từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
(xem lại ghi chú trang 45-46)


3.2 Questions: Câu hỏi


 Wh – questions:
what, when, where, who, why, how, how many, how much, how long
…
They said, “How long have you been waiting, John?”
They asked John how long he had been waiting.
S V


 S + V + [O] + Wh + S + V
+ Lời nói tường thuật => wh…
+ Lời nói tường thuật không ñảo ngữ.
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+ ðổi ngôi, lùi thì theo qui tắc.
(xem lại ví dụ và ghi chú trang 47)



 Yes/No – questions:
- Will you go to New York next week as you said?
 They asked me if / whether I would go to New York the next week as
I had said.



 S + V + [O] + IF / WHETHER + S + V
+ Lời nói tường thuật => if / whether + S + V
(if… / whether… or not)

+ Lời nói tường thuật không ñảo ngữ.
+ ðổi ngôi, lùi thì theo qui tắc.

3.3 Request / Command:
- Don’t smoke in this room, please.
 He told me not to smoke in that room.



 S + V* + [O] + [not] TO V
0


V*: told (tell), advised, asked, reminded, …

