Develop web application with PHP

Developing Web
Developing Web
Applications with PHP
Applications with PHP
RAD for the World
Wide Web
Jeff Jirsa


Agenda
Agenda
–
Introduction
–
PHP Language Basics
–
Built-in Functions
–
PHP on Linux and Windows
–
Tricks and Tips
–
PHP 5
–
Examples
–
Questions?

Introduction
Introduction

•
What is PHP?
–
PHP stands for "PHP Hypertext
Preprocessor”
–
An embedded scripting language for HTML
like ASP or JSP
–
A language that combines elements of
Perl, C, and Java

Introduction
Introduction
•
History of PHP
–
Created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995 for
tracking access to his resume
–
Originally a set of Perl scripts known as the
“Personal Home Page” tools
–
Rewritten in C with database functionality
–
Added a forms interpreter and released as
PHP/FI: includes Perl-like variables, and
HTML embedded syntax

Introduction

Introduction
•
History of PHP (cont.)
–
Rewritten again in and released as version 2.0
in November of 1997
–
Estimated user base in 1997 is several
thousand users and 50,000 web sites served
–
Rewritten again in late 1997 by Andi Gutmans
and Zeev Suraski
–
More functionality added, database support,
protocols and APIs

Introduction
Introduction
•
History of PHP (cont.)
–
User base in 1998 estimated 10,000 users
and 100,000 web sites installed
–
Version 3.0 was released in June 1998 as
PHP
–
Estimated user base in tens of thousands
and hundreds of thousands of web sites
served

Introduction
Introduction
•
History of PHP (cont.)
–
Rewritten again in 1997 by Andi Gutmans and
Zeev Suraski
–
More functionality added (OOP features),
database support, protocols and APIs
–
PHP 3.0 is released in June 1998 with some
OO capability
–
The core is rewritten in 1998 for improved
performance of complex applications

Introduction
Introduction
•
History of PHP (cont.)
–
The core is rewritten in 1998 by Zeev and
Andi and dubbed the “Zend Engine”
–
The engine is introduced in mid 1999 and
is released with version 4.0 in May of 2000
–
The estimated user base is hundreds of

thousands of developers and several
million of web sites served

Introduction
Introduction
•
History of PHP (cont.)
–
Version 5.0 will include version 2.0 of the
Zend Engine
•
New object model is more powerful and
intuitive
•
Objects will no longer be passed by value; they
now will be passed by reference
•
Increases performance and makes OOP more
attractive

Introduction
Introduction
•
Netcraft Statistics
–
11,869,645 Domains, 1,316,288 IP Addresses

Introduction
Introduction
•

Performance*
–
Zdnet Statistics
•
PHP pumped out about 47 pages/second
•
Microsoft ASP pumped out about 43 pages/second
•
Allaire ColdFusion pumped out about 29
pages/second
•
Sun Java JSP pumped out about 13 pages/second

* From PHP HOWTO, July 2001

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
The Script Tags
–
All PHP code is contained in one of several
script tags:
•
<?
// Some code
?>
•
<?php
// Some code here
?>

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
The Script Tags (cont.)
•
<script language=“PHP">
// Some code here
</script>
–
ASP-style tags
•
Introduced in 3.0; may be removed in the future
•
<%
// Some code here
%>

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
The Script Tags (cont.)
–
“Echo” Tags
–
<table>
<tr>
<td>Name:</td><td><?= $name ?></td>
</tr>
<tr>

<td>Address:</td><td><?= $address ?></td>
</tr>
</table>

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Hello World!: An Example
–
Like Perl, there is more than one way to do
it
•
<?php echo “Hello World!”; ?>
•
<?php
$greeting = “Hello World!”
printf(“%s”, $greeting);
php?>

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Hello World!: An Example (cont.)
•
<script language=“PHP”>
$hello = “Hello”;
$world = “World!”;
print $hello . $world
</script>

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
–
Constants define a string or numeric value
–
Constants do not begin with a dollar sign
–
Examples:
•
define(“COMPANY”, “Acme Enterprises”);
•
define(“YELLOW”, “#FFFF00”);
•
define(“PI”, 3.14);
•
define(“NL”, “<br>\n”);

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
–
Using a constant
•
print(“Company name: “ . COMPANY . NL);

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
–
Data types
•
Integers, doubles and strings
–
isValid = true; // Boolean
–
25 // Integer
–
3.14 // Double
–
‘Four’ // String
–
“Total value” // Another string

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
–
Data types
•
Strings and type conversion
–

$street = 123;
–
$street = $street . “ Main Street”;
–
$city = ‘Naperville’;
$state = ‘IL’;
–
$address = $street;
–
$address = $address . NL . “$city, $state”;
–
$number = $address + 1; // $number equals 124

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
–
Data types
•
Arrays
–
Perl-like syntax
•
$arr = array("foo" => "bar", 12 => true);
–
same as
•
$arr[“foo”] = “bar”;

•
$arr[12] = true;

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
•
Arrays (cont.)
–
<?php
$arr = array("somearray" => array(6 => 5, 13 => 9,
"a" => 42));
echo $arr["somearray"][6]; // 5
echo $arr["somearray"][13]; // 9
echo $arr["somearray"]["a"]; // 42
?>

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
–
Objects
–
Currently not much more advanced than than
associative arrays Using constants
–

Before version 5.0, objects are passed by value
•
Slow
•
Functions can not easily change object variables

PHP Language Basics
PHP Language Basics
•
Constants, Data Types and
Variables
–
Operators
–
Contains all of the operators like in C and Perl (even
the ternary)
–
Statements
–
if, if/elseif
–
Switch/case
–
for, while, and do/while loops
–
Include and require statements for code reuse

Built-in Functions
Built-in Functions
•

What comes In the box?
–
Array Manipulator Functions
•
sort, merge, push, pop, slice, splice, keys, count
–
CCVS: Interface to Red Hat’s credit system
–
COM functions: Interface to Windows COM
objects
–
Date and Time Functions
•
getdate, mkdate, date, gettimeofday, localtime,
strtotime, time