PHẦN 2 - ÔN TẬP KIỂM TRA U4568

Lê Hồng Thảo 1 Word Form
FORMATION OF WORDS

I. Formation of nouns :
A. Nouns formed from verbs :
1. Verb + - ing

Noun ( có nghóa : sự , việc ). Ex : travelling, reading, writing, meeting,
2. Verb + ar / er / or / ist > Noun ( mang nghóa: người ). Ex : beggar, liar, worker, inventor, actor, artist, typist,
3. [ -ate, -ect, -ess, -ict, -ise, -bit, -pt, -uct, -ute, ] + -ion . Ex : regulation, protection, prediction
4. [ -ine, -ize, -ore, -ort, -rve, ] +-ation. Ex : Examination, organization, exploration, transportation
5. [ -eive ]+ -eption and [ -ibe ] +-iption. Ex: conceive  conception, deceive  deception
6. [ -ify ] +-ification. Ex : amplification (sự khuyết đại ), justification ( sự chứng thực )
7. [ -ose ] +-ition. Ex : deposition ( sự phế truất ), composition ( bài luận )
8. [ -ovle ] + -ution. Ex : evolution (sự biến đổi), revolution (cuộc cách mạng ), resolution ( quyết nghò ).
9. [ -uce ] + -tion. Ex : deduction ( sự khấu trừ ), production ( sự sản xuất ), introduction ( sự giới thiệu )
10. [ -end, -ide, -ode,-ude ] +-sion. Ex: extension, decision, explosion, conclusion, …
11. [ -mit, -eed, -ede, ] +-ssion. Ex : admission, permission, succession, intercession
12. [ -ish ] +-ment. Ex : accomplishment, punishment, establishment, banishment ( sự trục xuất ),
13. [ -fer ] + -ence. Ex : Conference, reference ( sự tham khảo ), interfernce ( sự can thiệp ),
14. [ -er ] + -y. Ex : delivery, discovery, flattery ( sự nònh hót ), recovery, mastery ( quyền bá chủ ),
15. [ -al ]. Ex : bestowal (sự ân thưởng), withdrawal (sự triệt thoái), removal, refusal, proposal, arrival
B. Nouns formed from adjectives:
1. Colour and manner adjective added with [ -ness , -ty ]. Ex : whiteness, happiness, cruelty, narrowness, loyalty, ….
2. [ -ful, -ly ] + [ -ness ]. Ex : Carefulness, usefulness, gratefulness, loneliness, silliness,
3. [ -al, -ure, -ile, -id, -ial ] +[ -ity ]. Ex : equality, legality ( sự hợp pháp ), mentality ( trí khôn ), maturity ( sự
chính mùi ), purity ( sự tinh khiết ), fertility ( sự phì nhiêu ), futility ( sự vô dụng ), acidity ( sự chua chát ), rapidity ( sự
nhanh nhẹn ), stupidity ( sự ngu dốt ), conviviality ( sự vui vẻ ), impartiality ( sự vô tư ),
4. [ - able, -ible ] => [ -ility ]. Ex : ability (năng lực), capability (khả năng), suitability (thích hợp ), possibility ( sự có
thể ), responsibility ( trách nhiệm ), visibility ( sự rõ rệt ),
5. [ -ant, -ent ] => [ -ance, -ence ].Ex : abundance ( sự phong phú ), ignorance ( sự dốt nát ), convenience ( sự thuận

tiện ), intelligence ( sự thông minh ),
6. [ -cient ] => [ -ciency ]. Ex:efficiency ( hiệu quả ), deficiency ( khuyết điểm ), sufficiency ( sự đầy đủ ), proficiency
7. Adjectives/ nouns added [ -dom ]. Ex : kingdom ( vương quốc ), freedom , wis(e)dom, boredom
8. Adjectives/ nouns added [ -hood ]. Ex : childhood (thời thơ ấu), neighbourhood ( tình lối xóm ), falsehood ( sự giả dối )
9. Adjectives/ nouns added [ -ism ]. Ex : patriotism ( lòng ái quốc ), feudalism ( chế độ phong kiến ), socialism ( CNXH)
10. Irregular : Ex : long >length ( chiều dài ), strong >strength ( sức mạnh ); broad > breadth ( bề rộng ); deep
>depth ( chiều sâu ); true >truth ( sự thật ); high >height ( chiều cao ); hungry >hunger ( sự đói ); wide >width ( chiều
rộng ); angry >anger ( sự giận dữ ); young > youth ( tuổi trẻ ); coward > cowardice ( kẻ hèn ); poor >poverty
II. Formation of adjectives:
A. Adjectives formed from verbs :
1. Verb +[ -ing, -ed ]. Ex : singing, moving, sleeping, broken, tired, won,
2. Verb + [ -able ]. Ex :movable, replaceable, remarkable, disirable, washable, changeable, valuable,
3. Verb ending in [ -ate, -uct ]

[ -ive ]and [-eive ]

[ -eptive ]. Ex: cooperative, communicative, decorative,
constructive, instructive, deceive > deceptive, receive > receptive ( thâu nhận) Except:conceive > conceivable
B. Adjectives formed from nouns :
1. Nouns ending in [ -ture, -ion, - ent ]+ [ -al ]. Ex : naturenatural, educationeducational, continent  continental
2. Noun + -y. Ex : rainy, lucky, windy, funny, fishy( tanh ), salty, thirsty
Lê Hồng Thảo 2 Word Form
3. Noun + -ly. Ex :daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, freindly, soldierly ( hiếu chiến )
4. Noun + -ful. Ex : careful, hopeful, helpful, youthful (trẻ trung) , handful, mouthful,
5. Noun + -less. Ex : merciless ( tàn nhẫn ), useless ( vô dụng ), homeless, jobless.
6. Noun + -ous. Ex : adventurous ( mạo hiểm ), dangerous ( nguy hiểm ), fam(e)ous
7. Noun + -en. Ex: Golden ( bằng vàng ), wooden ( bằng gỗ ), woollen ( bằng len )
8. Noun + -ive. Ex: Active ( ưa hoạt động ), sportive ( vui tính ), na tive ( thuộc bản xứ )
9. Noun/ Verd + -ed. Ex: Crowded ( đông đảo ), limited ( có giới hạn ); Peased ( hài lòng ), learned ( học rộng )
10. Noun / Verb + -able. Ex: Respectable , fashionable (hợp thời trang); Eatable ( ăn được ), imitable ( có thể bắt trước )

11. Noun / Adjective+ - ish. Ex: Boyish (như trẻ con), bookish ( ham đọc sách ); Whitish (trăng trắng), redish (đo đỏ)
12. Noun / ajective+ -some. Ex: Gladsome (vui vẻ), wholesome (lành, khỏe); Handsome (đẹp trai), meddlesome (láu táu )
III. Formation of verbs:
1. Prefix (Tiền tố)
a. dis-/mis-/re-/over-/under-/out- + V à V
- Disagree (khơng đồng ý); Dislike (khơng thích); Disappear (Biến mất)
- Outnumber (nhiều/đơng hơn); Outlive (sống lâu hơn); Outweigh (nặng hơn); Outrun (chạy nhanh
hơn); Outgrow (lớn/ p hát triển hơn)
- Overstay (ở q lâu); overwork (làm việ c q sức); overcook (nấu q chín); overact (cường
điệu)
- Undercharge (tính giá q thấp); Undersell (bán rẻ hơn); Underdo (làm khơng trọn vẹn);
Undersign (ký ở dưới); Underestimate (đánh giá thấp); Underlay (đặt ở dưới ); Underfeed (cho ăn khơng
đủ); Undercook (nấu chưa chín)
- Misspell(đánhvầnnhầm);misbehave(cưxửsai);misunderstand(hiểunhầm);misuse(sửdùngsai)
- Remarry (kết hơn lần nữa); Redo (làm lại); ….
b) en- + N/V/Adj à V
enable (làm cho có thể làm gì); enlarge (mở rộng); endanger (gây nguy hiểm); enclose (gởi kèm);
enact (ban hành (luật)); enrich (làm giàu)
2. Suffix (Hậu tố) : Adj/N + -ize/-en/-ate/-fy  V
- Beauty  beautify (làm đẹp)
- Bright  brighten (làm rạng rỡ); Loose  loosen (làm lỏng ra); Less  lessen (giảm bớt);
Sharp  sharpen (làm cho sắc, nhọn); Light  lighten (làm nhẹ đi); Short  shorten (làm ngắn lại);
Tight  tighten (siết chặt); Wide  widen (làm rộng ra); Weak  weaken (làm yếu đi); White  whiten
(làm trắng);
- Industrial  industrialize (cơng nghiệp hóa); Legal  legalize (hợp pháp hóa); Modern
modernize (hiện đại hóa); Origin  originate (bắt nguồn); Real  realize (nhận ra)
IV. Vị trí:
A. Danh từ
1. Đứng sau tính từ: a new watch; good books
adj N adj N

2. Sau : a / an / the / some / any / no/ this / that / these / those /my/your/his/her/our
3. Trước độ ng từ khi ở vị trí làm chủ ngữ (S), sau động từ khi ở vị trí làm tân ngữ (O):
The girl sang a song.
S V O
4. Sau giới từ: We go to school in the morning
prep N prep N
B. Tính từ:
1. Trước danh từ: beautiful flowers
adj N
Lê Hoàng Thảo 3 Word Form
2. Sau động từ to be và các động từ liên kết (linking verb): These oranges taste sweet
L.V adj
* Một số động từ nối thường gặp: look ( trong có vẻ), feel (cảm thấy), grow/become/turn (trở
nên), seem (dường như), appear (có vẻ), sound (nghe có vẻ), remain/stay (vẫn cứ)
C. Động từ:
1. Đứng sau chủ ngữ: She worked hard.
S V
2. * Sau trạng từ nă ng diễn (Adverb of Frequency) nếu là động từ thường: always (luôn),
usually (thư ờng thường), often (thường), sometimes (đôi khi), seldom (ít khi), never (không bao giờ)
He usually goes to school in the afternoon.
A of F V
* Trước trạng từ năng diễn nếu là động từ BE.
It is usually hot in summer
Be A of F
D. Trạng từ:
1. Trạ ng từ chỉ thể cách (Adverb of Manner) đứng sau động từ thường, nếu động từ có tân ngữ
thì đứng sau tân ngữ.
She drives carefully.
V A of M
She drives her car carefully

V O A of M
2. Đứng trước tính từ, quá khứ phân từ và phó từ khác
It is a very amusing story.
adv adj
She was warmly welcomed.
adv past participle
He ran very fast.
adv adv
PRACTICE
1. In England, primary education is provided by state schools run by the government and by _______ fee-
paying schools.
a. independent b. independently c. depended d. independence
2. The United Nations Secretary-General has often spoken of the need for individual _______ and human
rights in his speeches.
a. free b. freedom c. freely d. freeing
3. As an _______, Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile (vi thành niên) delinquency.(tội
phạm)
a. educate b. education c. educator d. educative
4. He did not do well at school and left with few _______ qualifications.
a. academic b. academy c. academician d. academically
5. The Minister of the Education and Training Department appeared on TV last night to _______ his new
policy.
a. public b. publicly c. publicize d. publicizing
6. He owed his success not to privilege but to self-education and a driving desire for _______.
a. achieve b. achiever c. achievement d. achievable
7. To Vietnamese students, the _______ examination to university is very difficult.
a. require b. requirement c. requiring d. required
8. Despite many recent _______ advances, there are parts where schools are not equipped with computers.
a. technology b. technological c. technologically d. technologist
Lê Hoàng Thảo 4 Word Form

9. There is a wide range of _______ in the education system of the USA.
a. select b. selective c. selected d. selection
10. He graduated with doctorates of _______ and surgery from Florence, gaining the highest honors that year.
a. medicine b. medical c. medicate d. medication
11. The making of good habits _______ a determination to keep on training your child.
a. require b. requires c. requirement d. required
12. He was the only _______ that was offered the job.
a. apply b. application c. applicant d. applying
13. Parents can express a _______ for the school their child attends.
a. prefer b. preference c. preferential d. preferable
14. Many people have objected to the use of animals in ________ experiments.
a. science b. scientist c. scientific d. scientifically
15. I would like to invite you to participate in the ________ ceremony.
a. graduate b. graduated c. graduation d. graduating
16. Mr. Pike provided us with an _______ guide to the full-time and part-time programs on offer to a range of
candidates drawn from schools and colleges.
a. inform b. informative c. informed d. information
17. Higher education _______ have risen this year for the first time in more than a decade.
a. applies b. applications c. applicable d. applicants
18. I am so _______ that I cannot say anything, but keep silent.
a. nerve b. nervous c. nervously d. nervousness
19. _______ speaking, I do not really like my present job.
a. Honest b. Honesty c. Honestly d. Dishonest
20. A letter of _______ is sometimes really necessary for you in a job interview.
a. recommend b. recommended c. recommender d. recommendation
21. Doctors have to assume _______ for human life.
a. responsible b. responsibly c. responsibility d. responsibles
22. _______ is increasing, which results from economic crisis.
a. Employment b. Unemployment c. Employ d. Unemployed
23. He was offered the job thanks to his _______ performance during his job interview.

a. impress b. impression c. impressive d. impressively
24. The interviewer gave his consent to John's _______ for work and promised to give him a job.
a. keen b. keenly c. keener d. keenness
25. _______! I have heard of your success in the new project.
a. Congratulate b. Congratulating c. Congratulation d. Congratulations
26. It is _______ to fail a job interview, but try again.
a. disappoint b. disappointing c. disappointedly d. disappointment
27. There is a wide _______ of computers in that shop for you to choose.
a. vary b. various c. variety d. variously
28. There are several places where residents face the threat of _______ every day.
a. terrorist b. terrorism c. terrorize d. terror
29. Many people think that in some more years we will see the complete _______ of newspapers and
magazines due to the Internet.
a. disappear b. disappearance c. appear d. appearing
30.
She is about her chances of winning a gold medal.
A.
optimism
B.
optimistic
C.
optimistically
D.
optimist
31.
The doctors are about his chances of recovery.
A.
pessimism
B.
pessimistically

C.
pessimist
D.
pessimistic
32.
There is now a mood of deepening about the economy.
A.
pessimism
B.
pessimist
C.
pessimistically
D.
pessimistic
Lê Hoàng Thảo 5 Word Form