Tcvn 7704: 2007 nồi hơi yêu cầu về thiết kế, kết cấu, chế tạo, lắp đặt, sử dụng và sửa chữa

TCVN
TrEU
cHuAr.r
euoc'c
TCVN 7704 :2007
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NOI HOI
-
YEU
CAU KY THUAT
VE
THIET
KE,
KET
CAU
.
,t
,-'

cHE.TAo,
r-Ap DAr,
s0
ouNG
vA
sUA
cHOA
Boilers
-
Technical rcquirement
of design,
co n
stru cti
o
n,
m a n ufa
ctu
re, in
sta I I ati
o
n,
operati o n,
m a
i
nte n
a n
ce
HA NOI
-
2010

CotiC;
.fy
c0
pniru
zuEta
nniu vi
i{ijl tri I_LlYtr.N
KT'AT
I q,o
nouc
TAI L{}ITI
KIKM
S.SfYN
Trang
1
Ph?m
vi
6p
dr;ng
, 5
2 Tiri lieu
viqn
d5n
:, 5
3
ThuQt ng&,
dinh nghTa
vd kV hiQu,,
4
Kim

loai chd tqo, l5p
d{t, sfia
ih0a ndi
noi
10
4.1 YOu
cdu
chun9
, 10
4.2 Quy
dinh
vd vQt
liQu dirng
trong chd tao,
ldp d{t, s&a
ch0a
11
5
YOu cdu
vd kdt-cdu ndi
froi
" 11
5.1
YOu cdu chun9 ,.,
11
5.2 ThAn
hinhtrr,r bao
hoi, bao nu6c,
dng
g6p,

ndi hoi , , 11
5.4 Mdt
sAng dng
16
5.5
Hirn dng v6ithAn
hinh trq, v6i
d6y, , ,.16
5.6
dng ld
16
5.7
Cac 15 chui nguoi,
16 chui ddu
v2r 16
thd tay 16
5.8 Mr?c
nudc
, 18
5.9 Ndp
phong
nd ,
18
5.10 B0 ham
nudc
18
5.11
BQ
qu6
nhi6t,

t6i
qu6
nhi6t
19
5.13
C6c
phudng
ti6n do
kidm
19
5.14 Thi6t
bi cdp nu6c
cho ndi hdi
,
19
6
C6c
y6u
cdu vd tfridt
kd vA
tinh dQ bdn
cac b6
phAn
chiu 6p h1c
c0a
ndi hdi
24
7 Citc
y6u
cdu vd

chd
tgo
ndi hdi
,., , "31
8 C6c
y6u
cdu
vd t5p ifflt, sfi
dung, sfia
ch[ta
32
8.1
Y6u cdu
vd nhi dft ndi hoi
32
,
8.2 Y€u
tdu vd chidu
s6n9
33
8.3 Vltrf ndi
hdi
'34
8.4
Y6u cdu vd
s?rn thao t6c vir
cdu thang
' ' "'35
8.5 He
thdng cdp nhi6n

liQu
-
thAi tro xi,,
." '.' 36
8.6 Ldp d{t, s&a
ch0a ndi
hdi
",.'36
8.7
YOu cdu vd
s& dr,lng
38
8.8 Td
chfc sfra chta
ndi noi
'.'40
9
Ydu cdu
vd chd dQ nu6c cdp
-
nu6c
6 nen trong
ndi hdi

'40
10 Gi6m s6t
chd tao vd th0
nghiQm
'.'."'.44
10.1 Gi6m

sdt chdt?o
".' '.'.44
fi.2 X6c
dinh 6p
sudt
thfi thrly lvc
sau khi
chd tao
'.' 45
10.3 Trinh
tuth&th0y luc sau chdl?o
46
rc.4 X6c
dinh kdt
qu6
thfi th0y lr,rc
sau chd
t?o
, , 46
11 Kidm dinh
sau khi l5p
det
vd
trong
qu6r
trinh sfr dung
., "47
11.1 Nhfng
quy
dinh chung

, '."""47
11.2 Nhffng
quy
dinh
vd
t<idm
dinh sau khi
ldp dft
vd
trong
qudr
trinh sfr dqng ,.
' '.47
1 1.3 X6c
dinh 6p
sudt th0
th{ry lyc
sau khi
l5p d{t vir trcng
qu6
trinh
sfi dqng
48
11.4
Trinh tr,l thfl th0y luc ,
51
11.5 X6c
dinh kdt
qu6
thfithfry

l{c ,.,.
"' '.".'51
11.6 Didu tra sucd
vlr tai ngn lao dQng
c6li6n
quan
ddn thidt bi
ndi froi
' ,' '."51
Phu
luc
A
(qui
dinh)
-
Nhiet d9 tinh
to6n c0a
thinh cdc
bo
phan
ndi
hoi
"" '52
Phg
luc
B
(tham
khAo)
-
Thdrnh

phdn
ho6 hoc
vi
cd
tinh c0a m6t sd mric
thep tdm , : ".55
Thrt muc tii liArr thann
kh6o
,.75
TGVN
7704:2007
)
Ldi
n5i
ddu
TcvN
7704:2007
thav
rhdcho TcvN
6004:
1995; TCVN
6005:
1995;
TCVN
6006:
1995;
TCVN
6007:
1995.
TCVN

7704
:2007
do
Ban
k! thu6t
ti6u
chudn
TCVNT
Te
1_1
Ndi
hoi
vi
binh
chiu
6p ft,rc
bi6n
soan,
Tdng
cr,rc
Ti6u
chudn
Do
ludng
chdt
luong
dd
nghi,
86
Khoa

hgc
vi Cdng
ngh6
c6ng
bd.
Treu
cnuAru ouoc
GtA
Xudt
bin
ldn
1
Ndi
hdi
-
Y6u
cdu k!
thuft
ve'tnie't
k6, ket
cdun chdt?o, liip dit, sfr
duno vi s-&a eh-fra
-:"'g
Boiters-
Technical
requirement
of
design, construction,
manufacture,installation,operation
and

maintenance
1 Phqm
vi
5p dqng
1.1 Ti€u
chudn
niry
quy
dinh
c6c
y6u
cdu vd tfridt kd,
chd tqo,
l5p
dft s& dung vir srla ch0a
c6c
thidt
bi ndi hoi c6
Ap sudt
lirm viQc
c0a hoi
l6n hon 0,07
MPal vi c5c ndi
dun
nu6c n6ng c6 nhiQt dO crla
nuoc
ldn hcvn
115
oC.
1.2

Ti6u chudn
nAy kh6ng 6rp
dung cho:
a) Ndi hdi
c6 6p
sudt l6n hon
0,07 MPa nhrnrg dung t(ch
chGa
hoi
vA
nu6c kh6ng
quir
25lit vir
tich sd
gi0a
dung
tich
(tinh
bbng
lit) vd
6p
sudt
(tinh
bing
MPa) kh6ng
qu6
20;
b) Ndi
hoi ddt
bing ndng

luong hat nhAn;
c) Binh
bdc hoi
ma ngudn nhiQt
ld hoi nu6c
tu ndi khAc
dua t6i;
d)
Ndi
hdi
ddt
bing neng
lugng mit
trdi;
e)
N6i hdi
ddt bins ndng
lugng diQn;
g)
C6c
ndi hoi dat
tr6n tdu h6a,
tdu th&y vir
c6c
phuong
tien
vqn t6i kh6c.
2 Tai liQu
viQn d5n
TCVN 6008 :

1995,
Ndi
hoi
vA binh
chiu 6p lr,rc
-
Mdi han
-
Y6u cdu kV thuat
vd
phuong phrip
kidm
tra.
TCVN 6413 :1998
(lSO
5730 : 1992),
Ndi hdi
cd
dinh
dng
lo dng lfia cdu tqo hdn
(trrl
ndi hoi
ong nu6c).
3 Thugt
ngil,
dinh nghia
vn kf hiQu
Trong ti6u
chudn ndy

6p dr;ng
c6c thu6t
ng[t, dinh nghia
vd kf hiQu
sau:
(1)
l
MPa= 1MN/m2
TCVhI
7704:2007
:
3;1
Thuft
ngfr
vd
tfrie't b!
3.1.1
Ndi
hdi
(Boiler)
Thiet bi dirng
dd sin
xudit
hdi trJ
nudc
bing
ngudn nhi6t
do
s{
ddt

ch6y nhi6n
li6u
h1u cd,
do
nhi,6t
c6a
c6c khi th6i. c6 thd
gdm
nhidu
bo
phAn,
kh6c nhau
vd trang
th6i
vdt lf cria
nrr6c
hay
c6a
hoi nu6c,
nhung
c6
li6n
hO
v6i nhau
dd sin
xudt
hoi
nu6c,
d6 lir
c6c b6

phdn
chiu
Ap
lr,rc
cfra ndi
hoi:
-
Phdn
sinh
hoi;
-
Bd h6m nurdc;
-
B6
quii
nhi6t;
-
B0
t6i
qu6
nhi6t.
Nhung
ndi
hoi don
gi6n
c6
thd
chic6
pha'n
sinh

hoi.
cdc
b6
phdn
chiu
6p lqrc
trdn thu6c
ph?m
vi
6p
dung
crra ti6u
chudn
niy.
3.1.2
Phdn
sinh
hoi
Cac bQ
phdn
c&a
ntii
hoi
ma
6 dAy
nu6c
dudc
boc
hdi.
Suchuydn

tt6ng
cfia h6n
hgp
hoi
nu6c
trong
phdn
sinh hoi
c6 thd
lA stt
chuydn
ddng
tudn
hoirn tu
nhi6n
hay
c6
trg lr,rc
hodc
ld srr
chuydn
d6ng
ctr6ng
bfic.
3.1.3
Bg hAm
nUdc
(con
goi
ld b6

tidt ki6m
nhi6n tieu)
(Economizer)
Mgt bd
phAn
c0a
ndi
hoi sfrdung
nhiet
c0a kh6i
ndi
hdi, dd
gia
nhi6t
cho
nrl6c
cdp vdo
ndi
hoi,
Bq
hdm
nr-f6c
c6 thd
lam vi6c
6 trang
th6i
soi
(dd
c6
sinh

hoi), hoic
chua
s6i.
BQ
hdm
nu6c
goi
ld
,,kh6ng
ngdt duoc"
khi n6
duoc
ndi
vdi
ph6'n
sinh
hoi khdng
qua
van
kh6a
vd
goi
lA
"ngdt
dugc"
khi
c6 van
kh6a
tr6n duong
noi

ndy.
3.1.4
3G
qu4
nhi€t
(Superheatei')
MQt
b0
phAn
ctia
ndi hci
dd
qua
nhi6t
hoi b6o hoa.
BQ
qr:6
nhiet
c6
ihd c6
nhidu
cdp
tuy
theo
y6u
cdu
sfr
dung
nhi€t
d6

crla
hoi,
3.1.5
89 tei
qu6
nhi6t
(Re
-
Superheater)
iiviOt
b0
phAn
cfra n6i hoi
d'd
gia
nhi6t hoi
qud
;rhidt
d'd
qua
su
dung.
cOllc
ty
co
puirv
t"t'"r
rrN.r
vA
uunrq

r-uv€w
Kr{
ilt?flVft
;
T ii
LItrYJ
KiEM
SSAT
3.1.6
tiiQt
b9
phin
c(ra
nd: hoi
(A
part
of
boiler)
M5,i
bO
phQn
cira
ndi hoi
c6
thd
gdm
nhidu
phdn
t0
chiu

6p
lr,rc:
dng
g6p,
bao
hoi, bao
nu6c,
dng
tidp
nhiQt,
dng
d6n trong
pham
vi ndi
troi'
3.1.7
Ndi
hdi
dng
nu6c
(Water
-
tube
boiler)
Ndi
hdi
trong
d6
nudc
vir

hoi
di
irong
dng
con
ngudn
ddt
n6ng
6
ngcli
dng.
3.1.8
Ndi
hdi
dng
16
-
dng
lira
(Fire
-
tube
boilers)
Ndi
hditrong
d6
nu6c
vd hoi
bao
quanh

b6n
ngodri
dng
con
ngudn
ddt
n6ng
6 bdn trong
dng'
dng
Frm
nhiQm
vu
budng
ddt
nhi6n
tieu
gqi
tir 6ng
lo;
dng
d6n
kh6i
dd
ddt
n6ng
goi
ldr dng
l&a.
Budng

ctdt
c6 tl'd
c6 dang
lir
hOp
lfra.
3.1.9
Ndi
hditudn
hoin
tr,r nhi6n
(Natural circulation
boiler)
Ndi
hdi
trong
do
su
chuydn
cfQng
tudn
hodn
c0a
nudc
va
h6n
hgp
hoi nu6c
duoc
tao non

b6i
sr/
chcnh
lQch
trgng
ludng
c6t
nu6c
gifra
phdn
di
l6n
vir
phdn
dixudng
cfra
vdng
tudn
hodn'
3.1.10
N6i
hoi
tudn
hoin
cr6ng
brirc
hoic
c6
trg
h,rc

(Forced or
assisted
circulation
boiler)
Ndi
hdi
dng
nu6c
trong
d6 sr,r
chuydn
il6ng
tudn
hoirn
c0a
nd6c
vir h6n
hqp
hoi
nu6c
duqc
th{c
hiQn
nhd
tirc
ct6ng
hoin
todn
hoic
mQi

phdn
c0a
bom
ddy'
3.1.11
Ndi
hoitr{c
ltru
Ndi
hdi
dng
nu6c
mi
srl
chuydn
ttong
cfra
ntJ6c
vd
hoi
nu6c
ld
chuydn
dQng
mQt
chidu,
dugc
t?o
ra
b6i

gi6ng
6p
giua
ddu
vAo
n6i
hoi tir
nrroc
cdp vir
ddu
ra
ndi
hoiia
hoi.
Gidng
6p
t?o
ra
b6i
bom'
3.2
Thuit
ngfr
vi
6p
sudt,
nhiQt
d9,
chidu
ddy,

c6ng
sudt
vi
tudi
ilrg
thidt
k6
3.2.1
Ap
sudt
lim
viQc
dinh
mrlc
(Norminalworking
pressure)
Ap
sudt
l6n
nhdt
mir
ndi
hdi
clugc
ph6p
lAm
vi6c
lAu
dAi:
-

Ddi
v6i
ndi hoi
chi
sAn xudt
hoi
bao
hoa
lir
6p
sudt
hoi
ra
kh6i
ndi
hoi;
-
Ddi
v6i
ndl
hoi
san xudt
hoi
qud
nhiQt
ld
6p sudt
hoi
ra kh6i
bQ

qu6
nhiQt'
7
'
TCVN
7704:ZOOT
3.2.2
Ap
su61
thigt
kc'(Design
p;.essui.e)
Ap
suat
ldm
vi6c
t6n
nhdt
cho
ph6p:
a)
Tai
bao
hoi
ddi
v6i
ndi
hoi
tu6'n
hoirn

tu
nhi6n
hoic
c6 tro
luc;
b)
Tqi
ddu
ra
cuoi
cirng
cria
bQ
qu6
nhi6t
ddi
vdi
ndi
hdi
truc
tw
(tru
khi
6
ddy
c6
dqt
van
kh6a
trung

gian);
c)
Tai
ddu
ra b6
t6i
qu6
nhi6t,
bo
qu6
nhiQt
drrgc
ddt
dQc
lep,
bQ
h6m
nu6c'ngdt
dude'.
3.2.3
Ap
suit
tinh
to6n (Calculation
pressure)
Ap
sudt
thiet
kd
c6

tinh
ddn:
-
Ap
sudt
thriy
tTrnh
vd r?ng
v6i
chd
dQ
ram
vi6c
khic
nghirot
nhdt;
-
Ap
suat
m6
c0a
van
an
tohn
d5t
6
gia
tri
cao
nhdt

tr6n
b6
qu6
nhi6t
hoic
tr6n
dudng
ra
c0a
bQ
t6i
qua
nhiQt
dd
bi
cho
su
giim
6rp
suat
tudng
rrng
v6i
didu
kiQn
tdm
vi6c
khdc
nghiQt
nhdt,

3.2.4
Nhiet
d0
thi61
kd
(Design
iemperature)
Nhiet
do
thdrnh
kim
loai
lir
cin
cr?
dd tqa
chon
do bdn
thiet
kd vd
x6c
dinh
c6c
kfch
thr^r6c
c1a
c6c
b6
phan
ndi

hoi
(xem
Phu
tuc
A
).
3.2.5
Chidu
dny
dinh
mt?c
crja
vqt
ligu
Chidu
diry
danh
dinh
c0a
v6t
ti6u.
3.2.6
Chiiu
diy
thr,rc
(Actual
thickness)
Chidu
ddy
dinh

mrlc
c6
tru
(hoic
cQng)
dung
sai
chd
tao,
3.2.7
fudi
ttrg
thie't
kC'(design
lifetime)
Tudi
tno
duoc
bidu
thi
bing
so
gio
v6n
hanh
cho
ph6p
doi
v6i
c6c

b6
phan
chiu
6p
h.rc
cfia
ndi
hoi
trong
didu
kiQn
tdm
vi6c
c[ra
ndi
hoi.
3.2.8
COng
sudt
cria
ndi
hoi
(Boiler
rate)
sAn
luong
hoi
sinh
ra
trong

mot
don vi
thdi
gian,
dugc tlo
bing
kg/h,
tdn/h,
kg/s
hoic
tinh
theo don
vi
ndng
iUong (Wati,
kW,
MW),
tuong
trng
voith6ng
s6 hoi
cria
ndi hoi.
8
rlor,rcrl,cde"ffi
iIUAN
iUVet"l
KTI\T
LaO
g0l'tC

1i'Ai
l.{il,r-r
Kxtriu
sfiAT
^
a'
-""'rcvN
3.3
Thuft
ng0
vd ngudi
thie't
k6', chdt4o, mua
??,1
Ngudi
thidt
kd
(Designer)
Ngudi
c6
tu c6ch
ph6p
nh6n
(cA
nh6n hay td
chr?c) vd c6
nghi6p
vu chuydn
m6n
trong

linh
vuc
thidt kd
chd
tao ndi
nol.
3.3.2
llarr}i
^h{
t-^ /f, lanr rfaalr rrar\
rt!rsvr vr19 aqv
\rYrgrrurqvrvrvr lr
Nguoi
c6 trr
cSch
ph6p
nhAn
(c6
nhAn hay td chrSc)
c6 trinh dQ
chuydn mon
vA c6 c6c
thidt bi
chuyEn
dr)ng
trong
vi6c chd
tao ndi
hoi.
3.3.3

Ngudi b6n
ndi hoi
(Boiler
saler)
Ngudi c6 trrc6ch
phiip
nhdn
(cd
nhAn hay td
chr3c) thr,rc hi6n vi6c b6rn ndi hoitr6n
thitrudng.
3.3"4
Ngudi
cung c{p
vit
ligu
(Material
supplier)
Ngudi c6 tu c6ch
ph6p
nhdn
thqrc hiQn
vi6c budn bdn c6c v?t lieu ding dd chd tao, ldp ddt,
sfia
chira ndi
hdi.
3.3.5
Ngudi
l5p dit, sr?a
chira ndi troi

Ngudi
c6 tu cach
ph6p
nhdn,
c6 trinh
cI6 chuyOn mdn
vd c6 c6c thidt bi chuy6n dirng
phr,rc
vu cho viQc
ldp dit vdr sfta
ch0a n6i hoi.
3.3.6
Ngudicnfi
s8 trtru
Nguoi
ddu tu xdy dtrng cong trinh
hdi
hdi.
3.3.7
Nguoi sfi ar,rng ndi hoi
(Boiler
user)
Nguoi c6 tr6ch nhiQm
tnrc tidp hay
gi6n
tidp trong viQc
sit dung ndi
hci.
3.4
C6c ki higu

vir don
vi
-
6p sudt t5c dung, MPa;
-
ung
sudt cho
phep
c(ta
kir,r io+i, lvlPa;
p
Ocp
9
TCVN
7V04:2007
o,
20,
o"20
-
gidi
han bdn keo
va
gi6i
han
ch6y
6
nhiQt
dQ
thi
nghidm

trong phdng,
Mpa:
D,,
Dn
-
duong
kfnh trong, ngoiri
c0a th6n
hinh
trg,
mm;
d, d.u*,
d,in
-
dudng
kinh 15
khoet
(hinh
trdn),
dudng
kinh l6n,
dudng
kinh b6
cfia
16
hinh elfp, mm;
S
-
chidu
dAy,

mm;
9n,
gr
-
hQ
so
ldm
ydu
do hdn,
do khoan
16;
ta, tnn,
t"6
-
budc doc,
ngang,
ch6o c6c
d6y 15 khoan;
1,,, t," -
nhiQt
d6 tinh
to6n,
nhi6t cl6
m6i chdt,
0C;
c
-
hQ
sd hi6u
chinh vd

ehidu
day tdm
th6p
do sai
so
chd tao
id;m.
4 Kim
logi
ch€'tgo,
l5p
dit, sfra
chira
ndi
hoi
4.', YOu
cdu chung
4.1'1
Kim loai
dirng
dd
ch6 tao,
s&a
chita
c6c b6
phqn
chiu
ap l{c
cfra
ndi

hoi, kd
cA
que
hAn,
ddy
hdn
phSi
c6 tfnh
d6o,
d0 do
bdn theo
y6u
cdu
cfla
thidt
kd,
c6 tfnh
han
tdt,
b6o
d6m
lirm vi6c
bdn vfirrg
6
nhirng
didu
ki6n v6n
hhnh
quy
dinh.

4.1.2 Thdp
dirng
cho
ndi
hoi
phai
la th6p
c6
ch6't
luong
cao,
gdm
c6c
loai th6p
tdm,
th6p
c6n,
th6p
r6n
c6
thirnh
phdn
h6a hoc
c6c
nguy6n
td
chinh
trong
gi6i
han

nhu
sau:
a)
Cacbon
kh6ng
l6n
hon
0,23
%
Khi c6 su
th6a
thudn
v6i
ngudi
sfi dung
ndi froi
c6 thd
ding
th6p
c6
thdnh
phdn
cacbon
ddn
0,25
o/o
nhrnrg
phAi
ch0
y

khi thi6t
kd
c6ng
ngh6
hdn;
b) Phdtpho
kh6ng
l6n
hon
0,04
o/o
c)
LUU huynh
khdng l6n
hon
O,A4
Vo
d) Caebon
+
mangan/6
kh6ng
l6n
hon
O,45
o/o
Thirnh
phdn
h6a
hoc c6c
nguy6n

td,
tfnh
chdt
c0a c6c
loai
th6p dirng
dd
chd
tao
c6c bQ
phQn
chiu
ap lEc
cfra
ndi hoi
duoc
tham
khir:
troig
c6c ti6u
chudn
chdt
lrrong th6p
vi6n
d6n
(xem
phr,r
luc
B).
4.1.3

Trong
moi trudng
hdp, kim
l':ai
dung dd
s&a
chfa
in6t
bd
ph6n
chiu
5p
ir.rc
niro
d6 c6a
ndi
noi
pfr6i
c6 c6c
ddc tii'h
vir
tinh
b6n
tuong
iluong
dic
tfnh
vir tinh
bdn crla
kim loai

dirng
dd
chd
tqo ra
b6
phrin
do.
4.1.4
Chdt lrr'sng
vir
ch0ng
loai
v3i liQu
dung
khi
che tao.
sfta
chfra
phii
theo
d6ng
y6u
cdu
crla
thi6t ke,
Khi ci
nghi
vdn
vd chdt
lugng

hc6c
chung
loai
vQt
liQu
thi
phAi
dem
ph6n
tich kidm
nghiQnr
lai vd
xAc
clinh
c5c dtc
iillh
c6ng nghd trudc kni
si?
ciung.
Chf
irg lcai,
rlrl*
d&c
tilih
v'it
fidil
,i:.i
ti6u
chirlin cfia ncli
s6n

xudt
vat liQu
phSi
dugc
ghi
16
vao
rong
ly
lich
ndi
ici,
'l
t'r
VA
G
^.
^?
AN
I{IEM
DII,{H
KTAT
LAO
DON
KiEt\,{
s,eAr
C TY
C()
PI{
hl{

LUYEN
\A
'AI
X.iriu
cn.
4rL .,
cnnr
i{i,r
I
a
4.2
Quy
dlnh
vi vit
liQu
dtng
trong
chd
4.2.1 Gi6i
han
bdn k6o tinh to6n
nh6 nhdt c0a
th6p 6
nhiQt dQ ldm
viQc
c0a
thdnh
kh6ng
drroc
t6n hon

450
MPa, nhiQt
dQ tinh todn cfra thdnh
kh6ng dugc ldy
thdp hon
250
0C.
4.2.2
Th6p d0c chi
duoc sfi dung lAm
c6c van vi
phr;
tirng.
4.2.3
Kh6ng
dCrng
gang
dd chd tao
cdc bQ
phqn
chiu ap
lr,rc
c0a ndi noi,
trrr
bQ hdm
nudc
bing
gang
n6u trong 5.10,1
4.2.4 Cho

ph6p
dilng
gang
dd chd tao
van, nhung 5p
sudt
lirm vi6c cfra
m6i
chdt
qua
van
ph6i
kh6ng
quA
2,2 MPa
vd ntritit 00 khong
qu6
250
0C.
NhA chd tao van
phAi ghi
16
6p
sudl
ldm vigc cho
ph6p
tr6n
thAnh van.
4.2.5 Kh6ng s&
dung hgp kim ddng

kh6ng chrla
sdt dd chd
tgo c6c
bQ
phdn
chiu
6p
luc,
trr:r cdc van
vd
phr,r
tirng drrdng dng c6 5p
sudt m6i chdt
du6i 1,6 MPa
vd nhiQt
d6 m6i
ch6't
kh6ng
qu6
250
0C.
5 YGu
c6'u vi fdt ci'u
ndi hoi
5.1
Ydu cdu chung
5.1.1
Kdt
cdu
ndi noi

phAi
d6m b6o
an todn khi v6n hdnh,
dim bAo
ddt
n6ng ddng
ddu
vd
gidn
n6 tr.r do
c&a c6c chitidt, b6
phqn,
c0ng nhu
ph6i
th6a
m5n c6c
y6u
cdu
v6 kidm
tra, xem
x6t,
ldm sach, sr}a
chffa
hodc thay thd c6c
bQ
phan
cfra ndi hoi.
5.1.2
Vi6c dua nudc
cdp

vAo trong bao
hoi hay
thdn ndi froi
phii
tr6nh
lirm ch6nh
lech nhiet
d9 dQt
'ngot.
5.1.3 C6c chi
tidt
bdn trong
c6c bQ
phQn
ndi hoi
kh6ng c6 didu kiQn
kidm tra,
xem x6t,
s&a ch[a, ldrm
sqch tai cn6 tni cdn chd tao
theo kidu thSo ra duoc.
5.1.4 Tdt c6 c5c thidt bi di6n v?r
hQ thdng ndi ddt trong
pham
vi ndi hoi
phii
thr,rc hi6n theo
dring
ydu
cdu

vd
an
todn diQn hiQn hdnh.
5.1.5 Ddi v6i ndi noi odt nfricn lirau
rdn c6 cdng sudt tren 4Vh
phii
cd
khi h6a vi6c
cdp nhi6n ti6u vir
thAi
tro xi.
5.1.6 Ddi vdi ndi froi
ddt nhien
li€u
l6ng hodc
khi cdn ituoc
t{ dQng h6a
vi6c cung c6'p nhi6n liQu va
khdng chd
ap
sudt,
tr,l dQng c5t nhi6n li€u
khi can nu6c c0ng nhu khi ting
qu5
tri sd
6p
sudt
quy
dinh.
5.2 Thin hinh trg

bao hoi, bao nu6c, ong
g6p,
ndi hoi
5.2.1
ThAn
hinh
tru c0a bao
hoi,
bao nu6c, dng
g6p,
ndi noi c6 thd
dugc
gh6p
n8i nfridu tdm
kim
loai
kh6c
nhau nhr-nrg
cdn
trAnh tgo n6n c6c mdi
ghep
hlnh
ch0thqp.
1t
TCVN
7704:2AAT
Khi
ndi bdi
nhidu
tdm

kim loqi
khdrc
nhau thi
vQt liQu
cOa
c6c
tdm ndy
ph6i
cr)ng
nhin hipu hoic
ph6i
c6
dqc t(nh
ddng
nhat
v6i
nhau.
Kh6ng
cho
ph6p
trdn
mdt
khoang
hinh
tru
c1a
th6n
c6
nhidu
hon

2
m6
hrin
dqc.
5.2.2
Tiy theo
srlc
chiu
bdn
c0a
thdn
hinh trq, cho
ph6p
chd tao th6n
hinh
tru
c6 hai chi6u
dAy
kh6c
nhau. T?i
phdn
ndi tidp
giira
hai
chidu
diry
kh5c
nhau,
phdn
diry hon

phii
dugc
v6t thoai ddu
dd
c6
chidu
day bing chidu
ddy cira
phdn
m6ng
hon
(Hinh
1).
/t
/ ,/'
)'
fu,.',
4\,
JT
j
l
''.\
l
i
alThAn
hinh tnr
c6 chiiu
diy
d6'ng
nh{t

R,
-
b6n
kinh trong
then
dU6i;
R, - biin
kinh
trong
thAn tr6n;
D,o
-
dudng
kinh
trung
binh;
S,
-
chidu
ddy
thAn du6i;
S,
-
chidu
dAy
th6n tr6n
Hinh
1
5.2.3
Chidu

ddy cfia
thAn
hlnh
tru
ph6i
b6o d6m
chiu
drroc
6p sudt
t6c
dung
l6n
thirnh,
duoc
x6c
dinh
theo 6.3.
5.2.4
Khdng
cho
ph6p
ddt
n6ng th6n
hinh
tru khi chidu
ddy
crla
thdnh
l6n
hon

22 mm.
Ndu
phAi
ddt
n6ng
thAn
hinh tru
c6 chidu
ddy
cOa thdnh
l6n
hon
22 mm
thi
phdn
bi ddt
n6ng cdn
duoc
c6ch nhi6t
tdt dd
b6o
dim
nhiQt dQ
kim loai
tqi
vr)ng
ddt
n6ng
kh6ng
vrtot

qu6
100
0C
so v6i
nhiQt dQ
tdm
viQc
dinh m0c.
5.2.5
Dd m6o
cria
th6n
hinh
tru
(su
sai kh6c
giita
dudng
kinh ldn
nhdt
vd b6
nhAt so
v6i
dudng
kinh dinh
mr?c)kh6ng
vtfot
qu6
1
%.

5.2.6
Cho
ph6p
khoan,
kho6t
cdrc
16 trdn thdn
hinh tru v6i duong
kfnh
c0a
16
khac
nhau.
Kho6ng c6ch
c0a
c6c
16
phAidap
Ltng
ydu
cdu
tinh
d6
bdn
thdn
hinh
tru
(xem
6.3).
C6c 16

kho6t de l5p
cfia
cdn
duoc ting
ctrng
cho thirnh
hinh
tru
tai vi tri cac
16.
Vi6c tdng
crrng
c6 thd
thuc hi6n b6i mQt trong
cdc
c6ch hay ddng
thoi nhidu cdrch sau
ddy:
a)
Ting th6m chidu
ddy
cfra thdnh 6
phdn
kho6t
t5;
12
icoNG.TY
Cri
pH,qi.i
xtena

otruu
vA
HuAr-r
LUyEN
*tot
ioJro*o-
TAI
t{}iu
Kg}1e4
sO.,ievr.r
b)
Han
thdm vong ting crnrg hoic
ong
ndi;
c)
Hirn thdrn tdm b0
chidu
ddy cho
phdn
thAnh.
Tham
khAo
c6c
dang t6ng cr,rng v0ng cho thAn hinh tru
tqi c6c 16 kho6t
6 Hinh 8
TCVN 6413 :
1998.
5.2.7

Khi thAn hinh tru
clta
bao hoi,
bao
nrl6c, dng
g6p
dit nim ngang
c6 chidu
dAi tr6n
I m cdn
c6
biQn
phdp
chong uon v6ng.
5.2.8 dnE
g6p
c6 cdlu tao
lir ong
hinh lru tron. Khong cho
ph6p
chd
tao dng
g6p
kh6ng
phAi
hinh trU
tron.
5.2.9 C5c
quy
dinh

vd thAn
hinh
tru cho dng ld vd
trong TCVN 6413 : 1998.
5.3 D6y
5.3.1 Cdc
loai
dAy
phing,
d6y
enlip, d6y cdu duoc sfi dr,rng
ldm ddy cho
thdn hinh
trr,r. ViQc chgn loai d6y
ndo tiry thu6c
viro dudng
kinh
c&a thAn hinh tru vd 6p sudt tec d6ng l6n
thAn vi d6y.
5.3.2 Day
phEng
5.3.2.1
Chi dirng day
phing
cho thdn hinh
tru c6 dudng
kinh b6 nhu
dng
g6p (c6
drrdng

kinh trong c0a
thdn hinh tru
< 400
mm).
Ngay c6 trong trudng hoo ndy c0ng c6 thd dr)ng
thdm c6c
biQn
ph6p
tdng crlng
-p
.1
dd
gi6m
chidu ddy crla dAy.
5.3.2.2 ViQc
hdn
ndi
d6ry
phing
v6i thdn hinh
tru c6
thd thqrc
hi6n theo
c6c cdu tao
chi tr6n Hinh 2.
Hinh 2
-
G6ch ndi d6y
phEng
v6i

thin hinh trqr
5.3.2.3
C6
thd khoet 16 tr6n d5y
phSng
vd chi dugc
ph6p
khoet m6t t6. Oudng
kinh
ldn nhdt
c0a 16 <
O,o
duong
kinh trong c&a thAn hlnh tru.
5.3.2.4 Chidu
ciiry
y6u
cdu cria d6y
phSng
dugc x6c dinh
tuviec tfnh dg odn d6y
phlng (xem
6.i).
5.3.2.5 Khdng sfi dqrng day
phSng
dd ndi
v6i thAn
hinh
tru c6 clrrdng k(nh trong l6n hon
325 mm,

tru khi
d0ng
day
phlng
lAm mit sirng dng
(xem
5.4).
thAn ndi
hoi dng
lo dng l0a
tudn th0
c6c
quy
dinh
13
,TCVN77O41.2007
i:,.'.,
,i . .,r,,
','',,
I
5.3.3
Day elip
,
5.3.3.1
D6y elfp gdm
hai
ph6'n
cdu
tqo:
phin

etfp vd
phdn
hinh
trqr
(Frinh
3)
5.3,3.2
Trong
moi trudng
hgp,
tg t6
chidu
cao tr6n
dudng
kinh
ddy
(kich
thu6c
pham
vi: 0,2,
+
<
0,3,
Chi6u
cao
cia
phAn
hinh tru
h,
> 40

D,
trong)
phii
nim trong
Hinh
3
-
Cdu
tao d6y
etip
5.3.3.3
Cho
ph6p
kho6t
16 tren
d5y
elip.
C6c 15 c6
thd
kho6t
chinh
tdm
hodc
t6ch
tAm
so v6i
tdm
truc
c0a
d6y. C6 thd

ld
6 hinh
tron
hay hinh
elip.
C6c 16
c6 thd
tdng cr?ng
nho han
th6m
vdnh
ting
c0ng,
hAn
th6m
dng
ndi
ho{c
r6n
gdp
m6p
16 hoac
tdng
chidu
driy c0a
d6y 6
phdn
t5 kho6t.
(Hinh
4)

Oudng
kinh c0a
16
phii
< 0,7
dudng
kinh
trong
crla
d6y.
Ddi v6i
16 hinh
elip,
dr-rdng
kinh
tinh
to6n
c0a 16
ld dudng
kinh l6n cfra
hinh
elip.
14
C')
)
I
cJ
C.)
a. L6 kho6t
drloc

rdn
gdp
m6p; b, L6
khoet dudc han
th6m virnh ting
crrng;
c. L6
kho6t
drloc hirn th6m dng ndi
(c,.
Kh6ng c6 midng
d6m;
cr. C6 miSng d6m m6i
phfa;
c C6
miSng
o'6m
2
phia)
Hinh 4
-
C6c dgng ting
cfng
cho td
fnoOt
tr€n
d6y
elip
5.3.3.4 Khi
tang

cr-rng 16 kho6t bing
c6ch ting
chi6u diry c0a d6y 6
phdn
16
kho6t kh6ng
ph6i
b&ng
cdch hdn
th6m midng
dQm thi
chi6u ddy crla
dAy cdn dugc
giSm
thoAi ddu itdn ch6 ndi v6i thAn hinh tru
(Hinh
5).
Hinh
5
-
Ting c:3ng
cho 16 kfro6t
blng
c6ch ting
chidu diy
ph$n
diy
c6
kho6t
16

5.3.4 D6y
cdu
Circ
y6u
cdu
vd
khoet
16 tr6n
d6y
cdu,
vd
kich thu6c
phdn
hinh trr; chuydn tidp tudng
t{ nhu
ddi vdi d6y
elip.
t'
15
TCVN.7704:2007
5'3'5
c5c
loqi
day
dang
kh6c
nhu.day
hQp,
day
cong

kh6ng
c6 dang elfp
kh6ng
sfr dung cho
c6c
tnrdng
hop m6i chd
tao.
Ddi
v6i
c6c
trudng
hgp d6 duoc
chd tao
tu
tru6c,
khi cdn
tinh
kidm
tra
ph6i
cdn
c0 vdo
dang
cu thd c0a
d6y
dd
tinh
toiin.
5.3.6

Ta't cA cilc loai
d6y
(elip,
cdu,
cong,
phSng
c0ng
nhu
met
sring dng) phii
dugc
chd
tao
bing
mQt
tdm
lidn.
Cho
phep
tdi
da c6
hai
t6'm
kim loai
ghep
l4i
nhrrng
mdi
gh6p phAi
c6ch

t6m
m6t khoAng
kh6ng
nh6
hon
0,2
Dt va
phii
ctr.rdc
hen
ndi
bing
mdi
hdn
gi6p
m6p
hai
phia.
5.4
M{t
sing
dng
5.4.1
Mit
sirng
dng
c6 ttrd
ta
pfrlng,
cong,

elip,
cdu.
5=4.2
chidu ddy
c&a
kim
iogi
lirm
mdt
sirng
dng
khi nric
dng
ph6i
> 14
mm.
5.4.3
C5c
y6u
cdu
vd ndi
dng
v6i
mit
sdng,
vd
thanh
giing
vd
c6c

bidn
ph6p
ting
ctrng
cho
ph6'n
mdt
sirng
kh6ng
c6
ong
vd c6c
y6u
cdu
kh5c
tudn thrl
c6c
quy
dinh
trong
TCVN
6413
:
1998.
5.5
Hin
dng
v6i
thin
hinh trr,r,

v6i
d6y
5.5.1
Ddi
v6i thAn
hinh
tru cOa
c6c
ndi
hoi
6p sudt
thdp
c6 chidu
diry
<
18
mm
thi
c6
thd
han
dng
trr,rc
tidp
vdithdn.
Odi v6i
thAn
hinh
tru
c6 chidu

day
>
18
mm,
c6c
mdi
hdn
dng
vdi
thdn
hinh
tru
cdn
duroc
nhi6t
luy6n
sau
khi
hdn.
Thdng
thudng
tidn
hirnh
hdn trrl6c
m6t cfoan
dng
cut
v6i
thAn
vd

duoc
nhiQt
luy6n
cirng
v6i
thAn
(ho?c
d5y),
sau
d6
mdi
hdn
ong vdo
dng
cut. Vi6c
hirn c5c
ong
v6i
thdn
hinh
tru
hodc
d6y
chi
duoc
hirn
noi
qua
doan
dng

cut
ndy,
kh6ng
duoc
hdn trqrc
ti6p
v6ithAn
hay
d6y
ndu
sau
khi
hdn
khdng
c6 didu
ki6n
nhi6t
luyQn.
5.5.2
Cdc
ong
hirn
v6i
th6n
hinh
tru hodc
dtty c6
thd
han
ddy

c6
chidu
ddy
th6n,
hodc
chi
hdn
vdo
mOt
phdn
chidu
diry thdn
hay
ddry.
5.6
Ong
lo
Theo
cdc
quy
dinh
trong
TCVN
G413
: 1998.
5.7
C6c
16
chui
nguoi,

t5
chui
ddu vi
l5 tnO
tay
5,7.f
L6
kho6i
ir€ri
ihAn
hinh
tru, tiran
ndi hoi,
ir6n
o''6y co
thd
id:
-
Ld
chui
ngudi;
-
L6 chui
ddu;
-
L6
tho tay.
5.7.2
N6i hoi
tiry theo

ch0ng
loai
ph6i
c6 c6c
16 thtch
hgp
dd
chui ngudi,
chui
ddu hodc
thd
tay. sd luong
cdc
loai
16
phAi
d0
dd
cho
ph6p
danh
gia
dr,roc
chdt luong
gia
c6ng khi
ch6
tao, ldm
v€
sinh va

cao
rlra
bd
mdt b6n
trong
c6c
b6
ph€n
chiu ap h,Ic
cfra
ndi
hoi.
Kfch
thu6c c0a
c6c
15 d6p rnrg
c6c
quy
dinh
trong
5.7.4.
16
c3::.*.:"cCm
I-T.1
r:
LuIr
ru
rrar
roo-io*o
^

TaI
LItr
U
}clgn{
SO{p*
,
04:2Q07
ThAn
ndi
hoi c6
drrdng
kinh
bing
hodc
l6n hon
1.
ThAn
ndi
hoi
c6
cLrdng kfnh tu
800
mm
ddn dutdi 1.400 mm
phSi
c6 it nhdt
mOt
16 chui
Cdu.
NgoAi ra

dd lAm
vd sinh vir kidm tra bdn trong
c6c bQ
phan
cfra
ndi
hoi c6'n
ph6i
trang
bi
mQt sd 15
thd
tay.
5.7.3 Sd lLtong,
kich
thrl6c
vd
vi
tri c0a 15 chui ngrroi, 15
chui ddu
vd 16 thd
tay
do nhd thidt
kd
quy
dinh
sao cho c6 thd
xem
xet, kidm tra vd ldm vd sinh du'dc toan
bQ hoic

nhidu nhdt
c6
thd bd m{t
b6n trong
c0a c6c
bQ
phAn.
5.7 .4 CAc 16 chui nguoi,
chui
d6'u, thd
tay c6 ihd c6 dang hinh
elip
hay trdn,
v6i
kich thu6c
nh6
nhdt nhu
sau:
a) L6 tho tay
dd
ldm vd sinh hinh elip kich thudc
lA 80 mm x
100 mrn, 16
hinh trdn
dudng
kinh trong
100 mm.
L6 thd tay dd
gi6m
sdrt hinh elip kich thudc 100

mm x 150
mm, 6
frinn tron drldng
kfnh 120
mm. Chidu
cao
vong tdng
cr-rng
khdng
vr.rot
qu6
65 mm hodc 100
mm ndu
n6 ld hinh c6n;
b) Ld
chui
ddu
hinh
el$
220 mm
x 320
mm,
hinh tron
dUdng
kfnh trong
320 mm.
Chidu cao
c0a vong
tdng cr/ng kh6ng
duoc vudt

qu6
100
mm hoic 120 mm ndu
n6 lir hinh
c6n;
c)
C5c 16 chui
ngddi: hinh
elip kich
thrJ6c 300 mm x 400 mm,
hinh trdn
dtrdng kfnh trong
400
mm.
5.7.5 CAcl6 chui ngudi, 16 chui ddu, 15 tho tay
phAi
c6 cdu
tqo sao cho
dE dlng th6o
l5p vd
thay the n5p
oay lo.
Bd mqt tidp x.uc c0a nip dAy
v6i
16
phAi
duoc
gia
c6ng kin khit, chidu
r6ng

tdi thidu crla tdm d6m ld
i5 mm.
C6c nip dqy c6 khdi lugng l6n hon 20
kg
ph6i
c6
phuong
tiQn th(ch hqp dd n6ng
l6n, trir trudng hgp c6c
ndp dflt th&ng drfig c6 thd c6 kdt
cdu bAn ld.
5:8 Mri'c nu6c
5.8.1 Mrjrc nu6c thdp nhdt cho
ph6p
ddi v6i cdrc loqi ndi hoi do
nhd
thi6t kd
quy
dinh nhrrng
phAi
d6m
b6o cAc tri so nh6 nhdt sau:
5.8.1.1 Ddi v6i nh0ng ndi noi c6 bao hoi bi
ddt
n6ng trqrc
ti6p:
ph6i
cao hdn dudng lfia ddt 100 mm.
5.8.1.2 Ddiv6i ndi noi dng
ld,

6ng l&a
nirn
ngang:
phAi
cao
hon
thirnh
dng cao nhdt 100
mm.
5.8.1.3 Ddiv6i c5c ndi hoi dng lo, dng lfra ctrrng:
ph6icao
han2l3 chidu cao dng lfia tinh tudu6i
l6n.
5.8.1.4 Ddi
vdi
ndi hoi kidu dng nrJ6c nim
nghi6ng hay dlmg tudn hoirn t';nhl6n:
milc
nu6cthdp
nhdt
do
nguoi thiet
ke
quy
dinh
dr,ra
theo tinh to6n cfAm bAo tudn hodn
dn
dinh c0a ddng
m6i chdt trong hQ

thong tudn hoirn.
17
TCVN
7704:2007
5.8.1.5
Ddi
vdi
nhfrng
loqi ndi
hoi
chua
dugc
quy
dinh
trong
5.8.1.1
ddn 5.8.1.4
thi
mr?c
nu6c
th6p
nhdt
do nhd thiet
kd
quy
dinh, nhung
phAi
dAm
bio
sao

cho c6c
thirnh
cfra ndi
hoi
kh6ng
bi
ddt
n6ng
qu6
nhiQt
dQ
cho
ph6p
cfra
vdt
liQu chd
tao
c5c
thirnh
d6.
5.8.2 Mr?c nrrdc
cao
nhdt
cho
ph6p
trong
cdc
ndi noi do
nhd
thidt

ke
quy
dinh
nhung
phai
tinh to6n
sao
cho
d6m b6o dri
mit tho6ng
bdc
hoi
va dQ
kh6
crla hoi di vdo
bQ
qu6
nhidt,
dng
dln
hoi
vd
c6c
m6y
ding
nhi6t
kh6c.
5.8.3
Mtlc
nu6c trung

binh
do
nhd
thidt
kd chon
dd
lirm co s6
tinh
to6n
thfiy d6ng,
tinh to6n nhi6t
cfra
ndi
hoi. lvli?e
nu6e
ndy nam &
glrta
hai mfe
nri6e thdp
nhdt
vd cao
nhdt
cho
ph6p
vd
id mric ldm vi6c
thddng
xuy6n c0a
ndi
hoi.

5.9
Nip
phong
nd
5.9.1
Nhrtng
ndi
noi
ddt
nhi6n
li6u l6ng,
khi,
than bOt,
than
br)n,
mrin
cua
vd
c6c
sAn
phdm
thqrc v6t, ndi
hoi c6
budng
Odt tidu
t6p
soi
phai
dat
ndp

phong
nd 6 c6c
vi tri
sau:
a) Tr€n
budng
ddt, tai
cfdu
cudi drrdng
kh6i
c0a
ndi hoi;
b) TrOn
duong kh6i
c0a
bQ
hdm nu6c,
b6 khrltro,
tru6c vir
sau
quat
kh6i.
5.9'2
Qttc
nip
phdng
nd
ph6i
d{t
&

phfa
mdt tr6n
dudng
kh6i
vd
6 vi
tri trdnh
g6y
nguy
hidm cho
ngudi
phue
vu.
5.9.3
Sd luong,
kich
thrrdc
ndp
phong
nd
do nguoi
thidt
kd
quy
dinh.
5.9.4
C6c ndi
hoi d0ng
nhiQt
crla

kh6ithAi
ph6itrang
bithidt
bi ngdt
nhanh
drrdng
kh6ivdo
ndi hoi,
5.10
86 hAm
nu6c
5.10.1
89
him
nu6c
blng
gang
5.10.1'1
B0 ham
nu6c
bing
gang
dlroc
dirng dd
gia
nhi6t
nu6c
cdp
cho
ndi hoi,

chrJ
ydu
b6i kh6i cfia
ndi hoi, duoc
sfr dung
khi
6p sudt
nu6c
cdp tai
ddu ra cOa
bQ
ham
nu6c
<
2,2Mpa.
5.10.1.2
86
hAm nu6c'bing
gang
ph6i
li loqi
ngSt
duoc v6i
ndi
hoi,
nu6c
ra kh6i
bQ hAm
nu6c
ph6i

c6
nhiQt
dQ
thdp hon
nhiet d0
s6i
trong
adi
noi ft nhdt
40
0C.
5.10.1.3
Tai ddu
viro vir
ddu ra c&a
bd
hdm nu6c
bing
gang
phiid6t
c6c
phrrong
ti6n do
kidm
sau:
-
Van an
toirn:
-
Ap

kd;
-
Nhict kd.
5.10.1
.4 c6 thd
dat
th6m
dr/dng t6i
tudn
hoan c0a
b0 ham
nu6c
dd dua
nu6c trd
tai
ttdu
hrjt cfra bom
nu6c
cdp
md kh6ng
dua
vdo
ndi
hoi.
18
7704:2007
5.10.2
89
h6m nu6c blng th6p
5,10.2.1 BQ

ham nu6c blng thep
gdnn
c4c dng th6p kh6ng hirn. Kh6ng
cho
ph6p
dirng dng
th6p hdn mi,
hin
xodn dd chd
tqo dng c0a b9
hdm nu6c.
5.10.2.2 Nu6c ra kh6i
bO
hdm
nu6c blng th6p
c6
thd 6 tr4ng th6i s6i ho{c
khdng
s6i.
5.10.2.3
Cdn c6 c6c
biqn
ph6p
chdng miri
mdn bdi than vi tro bay
trong dudng
kh6i,
chdng
in mon bdi
kh6i.

5iA.2.4
Cdn c6 he
thdng t6itudn
hoAn bd hAm nu6c khi kh6i dQng lo.
5.10.2.5
Cum
dng
"0"
n9
hAm
nu6c bing thep
(dng
ruQt
ga)
cdn chia thdnh
tr.rng
phdn
c6 chidu cao
khdng
qu6
1200
mm,
gifra
c6c
phdn
la mQt
kho6ng
trdng c6 chidu
cao
500

mm dd de
thao t6c khi thi
c6ng hodc trong
khi sfra chfra.
5.11 Be
qu6
nhiQt, tiii
qu6
nhiQt
5.11.1 Khi
ndi hoi c6 trang bi
bQ
qu6
nhiQt, bQ
t6i
qu6
nhiQt thi
phAi
trang
bithidt bi do kidm nhiQt dQ hoi
qu6
nhi6t. Khi nhiQt
d0 hdi
qu6
nhigt l6n
hon 350
0C
thi
ph6i
trang bi hQ thdng

didu chinh nhiQt
dQ
hoi
qu6
nhiQt.
5.11.2 C6
thd didu chinh
nhiQt
dQ hoi
qu6
nhiQt bing c6c
thidt
bi
gi6m
6n
(bQ gi6m
6n) dd lam
gi6m
nhi6t do
hoi
qud
nhiet, bing c6ch thay
ddi luu luong
hoic nhiet dQ kh6i, hodc
phdi
hgp
ci
hai c6ch.
H€ th6ng
tr,J dQng didu

chinh nhiet
dO hoi
qu6
nhiet
ph6i
b6o ttAm
phdi
hgp
nhip nhdng
viec didu chinh
khi sfi dUng
Ctdng
thdi cac bien
phdp
nay.
6.11.3
NgLrdi-lhidt
kd ndi
hoi
ph6i
quy
dinh
gi6i
han nhiQt dQ lirm
vi6c
dinh mrSc cOa hoi
qu6
nhiQt. C5c
dao
dgng

ldm tdng
nhi6t dQ hdi
qu6
nhiet trong
moitrudng hqp
ph6ikhdng
l6n hon
+10
0C.
5.12
Ddrn dng
sinh hoi
dng sinh
hoi h dng nu6c
chiu 6p
sudt b6n
trong. C6c dng sinh
hoi duoc chd tao
tif dng th6p
kh6ng
hirn.
Kh6ng
cho
ph6p
ding
gang,
d6ng
lirm vet lieu chd
tao dng sinh hoi.
C5c dng

sinh hoi duoc
chd
tao
thirnh ddn
c6 hirn mirng ndi dqc
theo
dng
phii
bio dAm
gi5n
nd ddu tq
do
cho tdt c6 c6c
dng trong
dirn.
Mdt trong dng sinh hoi
c6 thd la trlon
hay c6
rdnh
xodn.
Chidu
ddy tdi thidu cfra dng
sinh hoi
phii
theo
Airnn tri cA nhi trnnn F[4nn 4
uur rv rr
I
ev
v,,,

r,
vilt
es,,v , !
Trgng
luong c0a c6c dng
vA c6c vQt liQu
khAc tr6n ddn dng
ph6i
dugc
treo cl6
l6n
khung sdon
lo,
kh6ng
duoc ctft
truc tidp vAo c6c ddu ndi
vdi bao
hoi, dng
g6p.
5.13 G6c
phuong
tiQn
clo
kidm
5.13.1 C5c
phuong
tiQn do
kidm Uit
Uugc ddivdi
ndi hoi

-
Phuong ti6n
do 6p suat
(ep
kd);
-
Phuong
ti6n ilo mrlrc nu6c
(ong
th&y,
ddng hd
do mfc nrl6c );
-
Phuong
tiQn khdng
chd 5p sudt
(van
an
toirn);
19
TCVN
7704:2A07
-
Phudng
tiQn do
nhiQt dQ
(nhiQt
kd)
dirng
cho ndi

hoi
c6
sin
xudt
hoi qud
nhi6.t va
khi
c6
sfrdr,rng
b6
hdm
nrtdc bing
gang.
5.13.2
Ap
ke
5.13.2.1
M6i ndi
hoi
phAi
c6
it nhdt
mQt
ap
kd thong vdi
phdn
chrta hoi
cOa
ndi hoi.
Ddi v6i

ndi noi
trtrc
k"ru
thi
6p kd
phSi
ddt
tnr6c
van
kh6a
dudng
hdi ddn
noi
ti6u
thu.
C6c ndi
hoi c6
bQ
qua
nhi6t
ngoiri 6p kd
6
bao
hoi cdn
ph6i
d{t
th6m
ft nhdt
m6t
6p

kd tqi
dng
g6p
ra c6a
bQ
qu6
nhiQt.
Khi ndi
hoi
e6 thdm
b6 t6i
qud
nhiet
thi cdn
phii
dit them
6p
kd
tqi dng
g6p
r.a crla b6
tii
qu6
nhi6t.
5'13.2.2
Phei
det
ap
kd tr6n
dudng

nrl6c vdo
vd ra
kh6i bo
hdm
nu6c loai
ngSt
duoc.
TrGn
dudng
nu6c
cdp
vao
ndi hoi
ding
bom li tdm
hay
pitton
c0ng
phdi
det
ap
kd tqi
ddu
ddy
crla
bom.
5.13.2'3
Ap
kddft
tr6n

ndi noi vd
b6
qu6
nhiQt,
t5i
qu6
nhi6t
phSi
c6
cdp
chfnh
xdc
kh6ng
thdp
hon
1,5
vd
dddng
kinh
mflt ap
kd
kh6ng dudi
150
mm. Cho
phep
dirng
6p
kd c6
cdp
chinh

x6c
2,5
vitdtrdng
kinh
mit
6p kd drrdi
150
mm khi
det ap
kd
cho ndi hdi
c6 dp
sudt
khdng
quA
2,2
Mpa
vd
chi6u
cao
tinh
trr sin
phuc
vu
ddn vitr'(d'5t
Apkd
khong
qu6
2 m,
crJng

nhrJ
khidet
tai
b0 hdnn
nudc
bing
gang.
5.13.2.4
Ap
ke
phAi
ndi
qua
dng
xi
phdng
hay
m6t thidt
bi
tudng
tu c6
tiSt
di6n
b6n
irong
d0
6n dd
dng
duoc
didn

ddy
nu6c.
Ap
kd
duoc ndi
v6i
dng ndi
qua
van
ba
ngA.
Ddi
v6i ndi
hoi
c6
dp
sudt
cao
c6 thd
thay
van
ba
ng6 bing
mQt
dng ndi
vA van
khtic dirng
dd l5p
6p
kd kidm

tra
trong
vqn
hdnh,
cgng
nhu khi
thfi
thrly
h,rc" C6c
phu
kiqn
vA dng
ndi
crla
6p
k6
phdi
chon
phi
hgp
v6i th6ng
sd
cfra
ndi
hoi.
5.13.2.5
Ap
kd
c&a
ndi

hoi
phii
dugc
kidm
dinh
vir
ni6m
chi
m6i nem
mOt ldn
vA
sau
m6i tdn
s&a
ch0a
6p
k6
tai noi
dugc
ph6p
kidm
d!nh.
5.13.2.6
Thang
do c0a
6p kd
ph6i
cluoc
chon
sao

cho 6
6p sudt
tdm
vi6c
ldn nhdt
cho
ph6p
kim 6p kd
nlm
trong
pham
vi
lit 112
ddn
213 thang
do.
TrOn
mdt
6p
kd
phii
c6
vach
d6 chi
6p sua't
lam
vi6c l6n
nhdt
cho
ph6p

c0a
ndi
hoi.
5.13.2'7
Ap
ke
dirng
dd theo
d6i
trr,tc
tiSp
6p sudit
ph6i
duoc
ddt nhu
thd
nAo
dd
d6
nhin
thay tai
sdn
phuc
vu: mit
ap
l(6
dat thing
dung
khi
ngang tdm

mdt
hodc
ph6i
dit
nghieng
khoAng
30
o
khi
dit cao
hon
tdm
mdt.
Duong
kinh
cfia
mqt
6p
kd
n,On chon
nhu sau:
a) Kh0ng
nh6
hon
150
mm khi dAt
cao
ddn 3
m so
v6i siin

phuc
vr-i;
b)
Khong
nh6
hon
200 mm khi
det
cao 3 m den
4
m
so v6i
sdn
phuc
vu;
c)
Khdng
nh6 hon
250 mm
khi
dAt
cao tron 4
m
ddn 5 m so
vdi
sirn
phuc
vu.
KhOng
n6n dft ap

ke cao
qu6
Srn so vdi sdn
phuc
vq.
20
|
'lar
lrfri,r
lql€iw
sad
s.1s.2.8 cdm sfidung
6p kdtrons
nh0rrg
truOfo
nqp r"r'
;i;:
_.
_ :.:
77O4
z 2007
a) Chrta
dugc
kidm
dinh, mdt
ni6m
chi
hodc
ddu ni6rn
phong

crla
don vi
kidm
tlinh;
ho6c
n!6m
chi, ni6m
phong
kh6ng
hgp
le;
b)
Qua
han
kidm
dinh;
c)
Ap
kd lam
viQc
khdng
chinh xiic;
d)
Kinh
vd
hodc c6c
hU h6ng
kh6c c6 Anh
hudng ddn
dQ lAm vi6c

chinh
x6c c0a
dp
k5.
E Aq
q
h^
',^
3-
ir. lr) t E C, tllttt; rlu*r(;
5.13.3.1 Thidt
bi do
m0c nu6c
quy
itinh trong
tidu
chudn niy
ld thiSt
bi
dd
do trr,rc
tidp
m0c nu6c
trong
bao
hoi hay ndi hoivir le
thidt bi hidn
thi.
Cac thiet bi do
mrlc nrldc c6

thd ta:
a)
6ng th0y dd
do
tnrc
tidp mrSc
nu6c theo
nguy6n
l1i binh
thong
nhau
c6 vdt
li6u
bing
thfiy
tinh trong
sudt hay
vQl liQu trong
sudt kh6c chiu
duoc
nhiQt d6 vir
dp sudt
c0a
ndi noi;
b) C6c ddng
hd do mt?c nlf6c
le thidt bi
do
mr?c nu6c
gi6n

tidp nhd
su
bidn
ddi
dien tu
hay c6c
dang
vdt
lyi'khdc,
l5y tin hi6u
truc
tidp
tu
mOc nu6c trong
bao
hoi hay
ndi hoi.
r ei.
Moi
ndi hoi
phai
c6 ii nhd-t
hai ihiei bi chi mr?c
nr.f6c
cf6c iAp, m6t
trong sd
d6
ld dng
thr3ry
dugc noi

truc ti6p viro
than
bao hoi hay thdn
ndi hoi; c6i tht?
hai c6 thd
h thi6t bi do
mrlc nu6c
gi6n
tidp.
5.13.3.2 Nh*ng
ndi hoi
c6 nhi6u cdp
bdc hoi vdr
chia bao
hoi thirnh
c6c
ngdn
cho m6i
cdp bdc hoi thitai
'
m6i ngdn
phii
dit
m6t dng th0y.
5.13.3.3 Nhilng
ndi hoi c6
nhi6u bao hoi
dflt trdn cao thi
6 bao hoi
cdn theo

d6i mrlc
nu6c
ph6i
d{t
it
nh6't haithidt bi do
mr?c nd6c, c6c bao
hoi con lqi khac
ph6i
dft it nhdt
mQt thi6t
b! do. Nhcrng
bao hdi chi
chr?a
hoi, kh6ng chfa nu6c thi kh6ng cdn
ddt thidt
bido mrlc nu6c.
5.13.3.4
Nhrrrng
ndi
froi c6
nhidu bao hoi ddt
tr6n cao c6 li6n thdng
nhau c6
dudng hdi va
dudng nu6c thi
cho
ph6p
dflt
1

dng
thfry
cho m6i bao hoi.
5.13.3.5
C6c
ndi
hdi
c6 cdng sudt trln
2 tdn/gid
phAi
c6 thidt bi tr,r
dQng b6o
hiQu mfc
nu6c vd bAo v6
can nu6c.
Duoc
thay thidt bi tU
dQng b6o hi6u
mfc ntr6c vi b6o
vQ cgn nu6c bSng
mdl dinh
chi khi diQn tich tidp nhi6.t
c0andihoi(phdnsinhhoi)
ddn17 m2vdhai dinhchikhidiQntichtidpnhi6ttrdn
17m2.
iuong clinh
chi
phii
o%m bio chAy
dudc khi ndi hoi

cqn nu6c
vd iugng m6i chdi tho6i
l\run Lnuou va uilat r
ra
d0 dd dflp
lfia trong
budng
ddt,
5.13.3.6
Khi vi
tri o'Ai thidt
bi chi
mrSc nu6c so v6i mit sin
phuc
vu
chinh cao hdn
6 m thi
phii
d{t th6m
ddng hd chi
muc nu6c 6
phfa
dudi, 6 ch6 mdr 6 sdn
phuc
vu c6 thd tr6ng
thdy dugc. Khi d6 thitrdn bao
hoi
cho
phep
ddt m6t dng

th0y.
21
TCVN
77A4:2OET
:
5.13.3.7
Cic
dng
th0y
ph6i
c6
d0
van
d6ng
m6
vd
van
x6,
b5o d6m
viQc
th6ng
r&a vir
thay
thd
kinh thrly
tinh khi
ndi
hoi
cdn
d'ang

ldm vi6c
vd
cdn c6
thi6t
bi
cAn
bing
dd
tr6nh tao
mrlc
nu6c
gi6
trong
dng thrly
khi c6
hien tuong
s6i
bdng
trong
bao
hoi.
C6c dng th0y tinh
tron
ph6i
c6 bao che
nhung
kh6ng
duoc
cin
trd cho

vi6c
theo
d6i
mr?c nrr6c.
5.13.3.8
C6c dng
vd
phu
tirng c0a dng
ndi
dng th0y
ph6i
cdng
ngSn cdng
tdt
va
phai
thidt
kd
sao
cho
kh6ng tao thanh
t0i
dgng
nu6c
gifra
ndi froi
vir
dng dbn.
Trong

moi trudng
hgp
duong
kinh
trong c0a c6c
dng
ddn kh6ng
drrgc
nh6
hon 25
mm.
Khi
c5c
dng
ndi
duo.
c
dirng
chung v6i thirdt
bi b5o
hi6u
vd
an toAn tr,r
dQng
thi drrdng kinh
trong kh6ng
cfuQc
nh6
hon 40 mm;
mit

trong
dng d5n
ph6i
tron nhSn
ed
tranh
hm tdc dng
din.
Kh6ng cho
ph6p
ddt bich
ndi
trung
gian,
van
kh6a
hay trich
hoi,
ntr6c
cho muc
dich
kh6c
tr6n dng d6n
ndy.
5.13.3'9
Tr6n mdt
dng
thtly
ph6i
05nh

ddu blng vach
d6
hay
gdn
tin
hi6u
dc
thdy
chi
m0c nu6c
cao
nhdt, thdp
nh6't
cho
ph6p
vd
mr?c nrl6c
trung
binh.
5.13.4
Van an
toin
5.13.4.1.
M6i ndi hdi
phei
c6
it nhdt
hai van
an todn hoat
dQng

dQc
lqp, trr]
c6c
ndi
hoi
c6 tich
sd crla
6p
sudi
tinh
bing MPa
v6i tdng
thd tach
crla n6i tinh bdng
lit
kh6ng vudt
que
1000 thi
dugc
ph6p
tdp
mgt van
an todn.
M6i b0
qua
nhiQt
phii
c6
ii nhdt
mQt

van an
todn dit &
phia
ddu ra
c(la hoi
qud
nhi6t.
Khi mQt
ndi troi
c6 m6t
bQ
qu6
nhiQt
vd ndu
gi0a
ndi
hoi vd
bO
qu6
nhi6t
kh6ng
c6
van
kh6a
thi van
an
toAn
ddt &
bQ
qu6

nhigt
dugc
coi lir van
an
todn thr? hai
c0a
ndi hoi.
Khi
giua
b6
qu6
nhi6t
vd ndi
hoi c6
d{t van kh6a
thi van
an todn
c0a
b6
qu6
nhi6t
kh6ng
duoc
coi
lir van
an todn thr?
hai c0a
ndi hoi.
5.13.4.2
Kh6ng dugc

l5p
c6c van kh6a
hodc trd t6
trfcn hdi
trdn
dudng
dng ndi
ndi
hoi
v6i van
an toAn,
c0ng nhu
trdn dng
tho6t
hdi c0a van
an toiin.
5.13.4'3
Khong duoc
dirng
van
an toirn
c6 dudng
kfnh trong
c0a
dd van
nh6
hdn
20
mm d6t tr6n
c6c ndi

hdi.
5.13.4.4
C6c van
an toAn
dat 6 bdt
kV ndi hoi
ndo
(kd
cA
van
tai bQ
qu6
nhiet)
ph6i
c6 dfi kha
ndng
tho6t
hoi nu6c
drrgc
xA ra
dd kh6ng
lAm cho
6p sudt
cfra ndi
hoi tdng
qu6
10
% Ap
sudt
lAm

vi6c
dinh mr?c c0a
ndi
hoi.
5.13.4.5
Ddi
'v6i
bQ hdm
nudc
bing
gang
vir bQ hAnn
nudc
ng6t
drrgc
ph6i
dat it nhdt
m6t van an toin
tai
Ong
gop
ra ctia b6
hAm
ntr6c.
5.13.4.6
Clto
phep
ddt
c6c loai van an todn
kidu sau

dAy cho
c6c
ndi
hoi tiiy thudc
viro th6ng
sd cfra
hoi:
a)
Kidu don
bdy;
22
cnNC Ty
co
pnArl
ruri'r
prrug
vA
F{ijal'l
l-UYf
iq KTAT
LAO
D.fJNG
b)
Kidu
lo
so;
c)
Kidu
xung
luong

(h
loqitde ddng
gi6n
tidp);
C6c
ndi hoi
c6 6p
sudt thdp thuong
dirng hai loai
van t6c d6ng
trr,rc tidp:
don
bdy
ho{c
ld xo.
Trong c6c ndi hoi cao
6p
ca'n
d{t van an toAn
xung
h.tong.
Cdm
dft
van an toirn
kidu ddn bdy tr6n c6c
ndi hoi di
dQng.
5.13.4.7
C6c van an toirn
ph6i

duoc
dflt trr,tc tidp v6i
ndi hoi
hay
dng
g6p
clra
bQ
qu6
nhigt
ho{c
ding
dng
cut vdi di6n tich
mflt cdt ngang
crla dng
cut it nhdt
phii
bing
tdng
diQn
tich
c0a c6c
t6
van l5p
tr6n
dng
cut.
5.13.4.8 Oudng
xi cfra van an todn

phAi
d0 l6n 0d
trenh dnh
hu6ng
c6 hai
c0a
d6i 6p
ddn vi6c
vdn
hAnh
c0a
van.
C6c van an todn
ph6i
xA vdo
trong khong
gian
dim b6o
an todn cho
ngudi
qua
lqi.
dng
xi
ph6i
d{t
gdn
nhu theo chidu thing
drlng vir
ph6i

c6 kdt
cdu sao
cho
khdng
tich
tu
ch6't l5ng
ilong
hodc
nrl6c
ngung
lAm
han
chd
dong
tho5t
c0a hoi nudc.
5 4?
r.
q
An
srrdt
t4.
,{Ann
nrla \/an
an fnin drfnr: v4n r'tinh hBnn
't
4
lAn 4n o,,a+ lA- r,iAn
nan

^t 4+ ^},^
I vqrrV
Ir I rqlr
qP
suql
lqlll vlgv
UOU liiiat
Vilii
ph6p
c0a ndi hoi.
5.13.4.10 Cdu tao vd l5p
dflt van an todn
phii
bio dAm sao cho:
a) Trong
qu6
trinh lirm
vi6c 6p sudt dd cdn chinh
kh6ng bi xd
dich;
b) B5o dAm an toin cho
ngrJdi
van
hdnh
khivan
tiic ddng;
c) De
ddng kidm
tra su
hoqt

dQng
c&a van khi ndi
hoi
clang lim
vi6c.
5.13.5
Nhiet k6'
5.13.5.1 Nhiet kd
ph6i
dugc dAt bdt buQc 6 ifdu vdro
vA ra c0a
bQ
hAm
nudc bing
gang,
6 dng
g6p
vAo
\ i.
vd ra
m6i
cd-p c0a
b0
qu6
nhi6t vd bd t6i
quA
nhiQt.
5.13.5.2 Tai nhitng vi tri khdng thd
doc
truc

ri6p nhiet dQ tqi ch6
cdn dirng c6c
nhi6t
kd
c6 d6n truydn tri
sd
do di xa,
5.14
Thiet bi c6'p nudc cho ndi
hoi
5.14,1 Thidt
bi
cdp nu6c cho ndi hdi c6 thd
la:
a) Bcm
ly
tdm hay bcm
pitton
truydn dQng blng cfi6n, blng
hci
nudc
hay co khi;
b) bom injecto;
c) C6c
phuong
ti6,n c6
6p sudt cao hdn 6p sudt
ndi hoi
c6 d0
kh6 ning ddy

nudc
vdo ndi
hoi
khi ndi hoi
ldm
vi6c
6 ep sudt
l6n nhdt cho
ph6p.
23
,',:'
TCVN
7704 1
2007
5.14.2
M5i
ndi
hoi
ph6i
dLtdc
trang
bi ft nhdt
hai
thi6t
bi
cdp
nu6c;
mot
lirm
vi6c

vir m6t
drl
phdng,
trir
c6c
ndi
hoi
sau:
a) Ddt
bing
nhi6n liQu l6ng
va
khi
tAm
vi6c kh6ng li6n
tuc;
b)
C6 s6n
lrrong
nh6
hon
150
kg/h,
drp
sudt nh6 hon
0,4
MPa.
C6ng
sudt
c6a

mQtthidt
bi cdp nu6c
phii
bing 110
% c6ng
sudt dinh mr?c
c0a
ndi noi.
5.14.3 Khi
gian
ddt bam
nim c6ch
xa
bAng
didu khidn
nrir ndi
hd'
phai
hoat
d6ng
li6n
trlc thi
giira
bom
ldm viec
v6i bom dr.t
phdng
cdn
phii
trang

bi h9 thdng
li6n
dQng
dd kh6i
ctdng
bom
nrr6c cdp
dr.r
phong
khi bom lAm vi6c
bi
ngung
bdt
ngo.
6
G6c
ydu
ciu v6'tnidt
ne
vdr tinh
d9
bdn
c6c bQ
ph?n
chiu
5p
h,rc
cria
n6i hoi
6.1

Thidt
ke ndi froi
phii
b6o
dAm
tudn th0
nghiOm
ngit c6c
y6u
cdu
vd
kdt cdu
ndi
hoi vir
c5c
bg
phAn
ctla
n6, chon
dring
ddn vdt
li6u
chd tao,
tinh
d6m
b5o
dg b6n cho
ch0ng
c6ng
nhrltho6

m6n c6c
y6u
cdu
kh5c
di ndu trong
tirOu chudn
nAy vd
c5c
ti6u chudn
li6n
quan
dd bao
d6m
ndi
hoi
v6n
hirnh
an todn,
dat
duoc cdc
cni
ticu kinh
td k! thuQt
d{t
ra,
6.2
Y6u cdu
chung
vd d9
bin c0a

b9
phan
chiu 6p
lgc c0a
ndi hoi
6.2.1
Xiic dinh
nhigt
d9 tinh
to6n -
Theo
chi
d5n trong
phu
tuc
A
6.2.2
X6c dinh
(lrg
suit
cho
ph6p
6.2'2.1
Ung sudt
cho
ph6p
ddi
v6i vAt
li6u m6i
chd

tqo duoc
x6c
dinh
dr,ra
theo
ch0ng
loai
vdt lieu
sfi
dung
vi theo
nhi6t
d6 tinh
to6n
c0a
vQt liQu,
drloc
x6c dinh
theo
c5c
bAng
d{c
tinh
cdc
loai th6p.
Xem
Phu
lqc
B.
6.2.2.2

Ddi vdi
vdt liQu
cfra
cdc ndi
hoi c0,
dQ bdn crla
th6p
dd
gi6m
di
do kim
loai
cfi
bi ddt
n6ng, bi
dn
mdn,
mdi mdn thi cdn
ldy
m5u dd
kidm
tra co t[nh,
ts d6 x6c
dinh
rlrng
sudt
cho
ph6p.
Ch6
cdt ldy

mAu
thep
dd
kidm tra cd
tinh
phii
ld
ndi da
chju cdc didu
kiQn tdm
vi6c
ning
nd nhdt.
Khi d'y
r,rng
sudt cho
ph6p
sE li tri
sd nh6
trong hai
tri sd
x6c dinh sau:
olo
C,n=L
'n,
o?.'
(
t
u.,p

'
n
(.
Trong
d6 nr, n"
-
hQ
sd
du trfr
bdn
khi t(nh rtng
sudt
cho
ph6p
theo
d6
bdn kr6o
(or)
hodc
theo
gi6i
han
chiy
(o")
6
eidu
ki6n
nhi6t
dd
trong

phong
(20
0C):
nt
=
3,0
n6
=
1,65
Khi tfnh r-rng
sudt cho
ph6p
iheo
d6
b6n
k6o
hoic
gi6i
hqn ch6y
& nhiQt
dQ tam vi6c thi
h6
sd n.
vA
n"
do
ngudi thidt
kd x6c
dinh.
24

cCxc
ry
cc
pnArrr
xrdrur
orrvH
vi
i{uir.r
luyrN
r(TAT
r-no
pONc'^
\AAr;
TAX
LrEi.r
KIEM
S4&i|
6.2.2.3
Khi khdng
c6 c6c
nhin hi6u
c0a
th6p
hoituong
ung 6
phu
h,rc thi
ung
sudit
cho

ph6p
c0ng
duoc
x6c dinh
ttrong
tu
nhu
trong
6.2.2.2
khi
dy c6c
tri
sd
gi6i
han bdn
or20,
gi6i
han ch6y
o"2o dugc
xdc
dinh tu
thi nghiQm
mau th6p
m6i
trrrdc
khi
chd
tao.
ViQc
thi

nghi6m
x6c dinh
gi6i
han bdn
o62o
vir
gi6i
han ch6y
o"20
dtrgc
th{c
hien
cho
tdt
cA c6c
loai
th6p
khi d{c tinh
crla
th6p
c6 nhitng
sai
l6ch so
v6i ddc
tinh cira
c6c
nhin
hi6u
th6p
dd

cho.
(Xem
c6c
BAng
B'1
ddn 8.15,
tai
Phu luc
B) c0ng
nhu
c6c loai
th6p kh6ng
16
hoic
nghi
ngd
vd ngudn
gdc
vA
nhdn
hi6u.
G"2.2"4
Cho
ph6p
ngi suy"
ii'i so
"mg
sua't
cho
phep

i.:hi nhiei
dQ iinh
iodrr
nim
irong
pham
vi haiiri
sd nhi6i
dd cho
trong
c6c bAng
dic tfnh
thep.
Tri sd ldm
tron
ld'y vd
phia
gi6m.
6.3
Tinh dg
bdn thin
hinh
trg,
bao
hoi, bao
nudc,
dng
g6p,
than
n6i

hdi
6.3.1
Chidu
ddy tdi
thidu
c0a thdn
hinh
tru chiu
5p sudt
trong
duoc
x6c
dinh
theo
c6ng
thr?c
sau:
-
Ap
sudt
cho
ph6p
cria
moi chdt
trong
thAn
hinh tru:
)cn
D<-""'P
'

D,+s
Trong
moi trr.rdng
hop,
chidu
ddy th6n
hinh tru
cOa
bao
hoi, bao
nu6c,
th6n
ndi
hoi
c6 dudng
kinh
trong
tr6n
600 mm
khdng
nh6
hon 6 mm,
khi
dtrdng kinh
trong
dudi
600
mm
-
khdng

nh6
hon
5 mm;
cfia dng
g6p
-
khdng
nh6
hon
4
mm.
6.3.2
Hg sd lim
ydu
do
hAn dugc
x6c dinh
tuy theo
phudng
ph6p
hin
-
Khi hAn
bing tay
m6t
phia,
-
Khi hirn bing
tay
hai

phia,
Khi hdn
bing
tay mot
phia
c6
midng l6t,
ldy
<p
=
g,g'
s>
PD'
*c
2po"o
-
p
Theo
phuong
doc
truc:
ea
=
hodc
S>
PD'
+C
'
2po,o
+ p

idy
9
=
6,7;
ldY
<p
=
9,95'
-
Khi
hdn tqt dQng
mQt
phfa,
LzLi t A^ tt t AA^^ a^:
^Li^
-
t\l li i irTi
i iij uUI iV
i i<ii
ijitiCl,
6.3.3
H9 so lim
ydu
do kho6t
15
6.3.3.1
Khi c6c
day 15
ddt
song song:

.
ldyg=0,8,
t1.,, art
r€ly
v
-
I,u,
tu-d
t,1
=t'-d
ln
Theo
phuong
ngang
truc:
e,
25
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,,'
:
,'i,
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"
6.3.3,2 Khi d5y t5 eqt
so
!e,
cdn t:tlT-
he
sd
lirm

ydu
theo
phuons
ch6o:
V,_
I
6.3.3.3 Khi c6c 16 c6
dudng kinh khSc nhau,
hQ sd ldm
ydu
bdi khoet
16 c6 thd xdc dinh
theo c6c chi
d5n sau:
a) Ndu crlc 15 trong
cirng
mQt d5y c6 duong
kinh
kh6c nhau nhrrng li
xen
kd kh6c nhau
ddu d{n
thi x5c
dinh kich
thu6c
khoAng cdch cfia mot
nh6m 16 xen
k6 kh6c nhau
ddu dfn, itrlgc
coi

ld br.r6c t, con
dudng kinh i5 ld
tdng
c6c duong
kinh 16 trong nh6m.
b) Giira 2 dhy 16
c6
cluong
kinh kh6c nhau,
do d'6 c6c td
tfrOng thd dAt
song
song md
lir so le
n6n cdn
tinh hQ sd lirm
ydu
theo
phudng
ch6o
theo cA zwcn
thudc duong ch6o
ndu c5c
kich thrr6c
ndy lA
kh6c
nhau;
c) TrOn day chi ld nh[rng
quy
dinh tdng

qu6t,
trong thrrc td c5c
16 khoet c6
vi tri,
kich thridc
c6 thd
rdt khec
nhau tiry theo
m5i ndi hoi, ngudi thidt kd
cdn c6 nhirng
tinh to6n h6
sd ldm
ydu
cho
tr,rnE
trudng hop
cr,r thd.
Hinh 6
gioithiQu
vd
mOt sd cigng bci iri
io iren thdn hinh tru
cua bao hoi,
bao nuoc,
ong
gop
6.3.3.4 He sd
lirm
yeu
do kho6t

16 dugc chon ld tri
so nh6 nhdit
trong c6c
tri sd ducc
xac dinh
tr-t
q,
2q1,
k"9"'
v6i
k"
-
hQ sd hiQu chinh cho
phrldng
ch6o, drroc x6c
clinh nhu sau:
k,=
,
=
L
(c6c
kich thu6c
b, a duoc chi
tr6n Hinh
6.3.3.3
(b)
a
6.3.4
C6c
h6 sd lAm

ydu
do hdn, do
kho6t
15
duoc kd ddn nhu
lir mQt sd hi6u
chinh
vd d9
gi6m
rrng sudt
cho
ph6p
c0a kim logi, HQ sd lam
ydu
t(nh toiin
ldr tri sd nh6 nh6't
trong hai tri
sd cria
he sd ldm
ydu
do
hdn vir tri sd nh6
nhdt
clra
he sd ldm
ydu
do kho6t 16
(x6c
Clinh
theo 6.3.3.4).

6.3.5
H9
sd
hi6u chinh
G
C
=
'1
mm khithep
tdm dirng dd chd tao
c6 chidu
ddy
<
20
mm
C
=
0 khithep tdm
chd
tao c6
chi6u
diry > 20 mm.
6.3.6 Chidu
ddy cfra
th6n
hinh tru
chiu 6p
sudt
ngodi, trrrdng ld cfra lo hoi dng
ld, ldy ting

thdm 1,4 ldn
so v6i
chidu
diy tfnh dugc khi
chiu 6p sudt trong.
l '
(1 +
n')'
26