State policy on the development of handicraft villages in vietnam

1
INTRODUCTION


1. The necessity of the research
Craft Village handicrafts play an important role in the economic
development of the local society and Vietnam economy. Now, there are
about 3000 villages [58], including the village handicrafts accounted for
nearly 40% [2, p.8], attract about 13 million workers; 1.4 million
households engaged in manufacturing [15]. Vietnam's rural population
accounts for over 70% of the villages have seen really important role in
attracting more jobs, maintain stable lives, creating higher income levels
from 2-4 times agricultural laborers. More particularly, arts and crafts is a
group created huge value-added, effective high socio-economic. Although
there has been a positive contribution to exports, the restructuring of the
rural economy, as well as many social and economic benefits others, but
the crafts village today still have many difficulties, not to promote their
potential. To develop handicraft villages in Vietnam in terms of
international economic integration, businesses and individual households
can not be effectively implemented for production and business activities in
villages requires high community. Moreover, the village is vulnerable
subjects, should be protected in this integration process. Therefore,
government policies have an important role for the overall development of
villages and handicraft villages in particular and the improvement of state
policy on the development of handicraft villages of Vietnam is essential
and practical significance.
From the above reasons, Candicate PhD chosen issue "State policy on
the development of handicraft villages in Vietnam " as doctoral thesis.
2. The objectives of the research

Overall objective: research to improve public policy in developing
Vietnam handicrafts village.

Specific objectives: (1) Clarify the concept, nature and role
development of villages and state policy for handicraft villages, creating a
theoretical framework for the thesis; (2) Assessment of the status of state
policy on the development of handicraft villages in Vietnam. Thereby
indicates the achievements, limitations, and their causes;(3) Recommend
perspective, solutions to improve policies to develop handicraft village
Vietnam.


2
To implement the research objectives, the thesis will answer the
following questions:
1) The development of the handicraft villages in Vietnam in recent
years like? What is the positive and negative? What are the causes?
2) What criteria to use to evaluate government policies to develop
handicraft village today?
3) The state policy for development Vietnam handicrafts villages were
applied in recent years is the policy? Status of the policy is evaluated like?
4) The views and orientations in order to improve policy development
Vietnam handicrafts village is what?
5) The solutions and recommendations should be proposed to improve
state policy on the development of handicraft villages in Vietnam in the
coming time?
3. Object and scope of the research
3.1. Object of the research: theory and practice of public policy (the policy
of the central government) to develop handicraft village in Vietnam.
3.2. Scope of the research

The content on research, focused mainly on evaluate and improve the
content of the policy of the State (thesis not studied in depth the policy
process), and also pay attention to the conditions for a system of policies
promoting the beneficial effects for the development of handicraft villages
in Vietnam. Focusing mainly on the following policies: policy on planned
villages, products in villages; policy on investment and credit; policy on
science, technology and environment; policy on human resources and
policy on trade.
Space and object survey, survey of handicrafts villages in the provinces
/cities mainly in the North. Surveying some sectors/products such as
handicrafts typical: (1) ceramic art; (2) art wood; (3) lacquer; (4) rattan; (5)
silk; (6) embroidery; (7) carved stone; (8) metal casting.
About the study period, focusing on the state policy on the
development of handicraft villages in Vietnam in the period from 2000 to
present and forecasts to 2020.

4. Research methodology
4.1. Approach: The thesis uses the method of dialectical materialism,
historical materialism and approach systems research methodologies
throughout the thesis.


3
4.2. Data collection method: The thesis used a combination of methods to
collect secondary data and primary research methods of quantitative and
qualitative research methods to get the information.
4.3. Processing methods, data analysis: The thesis has used statistical
techniques and econometrics, SPSS software applications to process data
collected.
5. The new contributions of the thesis

- Clarification of the factors affecting the development of the village, which
analyzes the role of public policy factors in the development of handicraft
villages.
- Selection criteria for evaluating development policies handicrafts villages
including: transparency of policy, relevant of policy, stability/ sustainability
of policy, consistency of policy, effectiveness of policy and efficiency of
policy.
- Assessment of the status of state policy on the development of village
handicrafts Vietnam today include: policy on planned villages, products in
villages; policy on investment and credit; policy on science, technology
and environment; human resources policy and trade policy. The evaluation
based policy evaluation criteria and indicate achievements, limitations and
causes.
- From the assessment of the above policies, the thesis proposes five
solutions in order to improve state policy to develop handicraft villages in
Vietnam, while providing the necessary conditions to improve the policy
system.

6. Structure of the thesis
Besides the introduction, conclusion, list of references and appendices,
the thesis includes the following chapters:
- Chapter 1. Overview of research related to the topic.
- Chapter 2. Background theory and practical experience related to state
policy to develop handicraft village.
- Chapter 3. Situations of state policy to develop the handicraft villages in
Vietnam.
- Chapter 4. The views and complete solution state policy to develop
handicraft village Vietnam up to 2020.

4
CHAPTER 1. Overview of research related to the topic
1.1. Total research and development of village handicraft villages
Some national research have studied the the content related to the
village and the village development include:
Assoc. Prof. Tran Van Chu - HCM National Political Academy
completed research in 2004 - 2005 with the contents of "Developing
markets for handicraft villages along the Red River Delta in the current
period", analyzed the situation clearly consumer market products and
solutions to market development; Tran Doan Kim (2002), "Marketing
strategy for handicraft products of craft villages in Vietnam up to 2010",
PhD thesis: stated to be the system of enterprise marketing strategy for
handicraft goods; Tran Minh Yen (2003), "Development of traditional
villages in rural Vietnam in the process of industrialization and
modernization" (Institute of Economics), has evaluated the traditional craft
villages in rural Vietnam, and on that basis determine the views and
solutions to promote the development of traditional craft villages; thesis of
Mai The Hon (2000) with The content "traditional village development
during industrialization and modernization in coastal Hanoi" has analyzed
the status of the development of traditional craft villages, which focuses on
guidelines, policies and laws, capital market…; Trademarks mentioned in
the "Brand of handicrafts and traditional arts" by Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Huu
Khai (2006) analyzed the status item Vietnam handicrafts and focus on
branding for this item; Content research on village characteristics are also
presented in the book "Handicraft Villages North" by author Truong Minh
Hang (2006) compiled; Bach Thi Lan Anh (2010), "Sustainable
Development of the traditional villages in the northern key economic
regions", PhD thesis (National Economics University) focused on the
theoretical issues and practical on sustainable village development area
north of the key economic regions.

One of the research projects are invested and interested in the recent
time is "planning study developed handicraft industry towards
industrialization in rural Vietnam" funded by the Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA ) and the Ministry of Agriculture and rural
Development in collaboration (2004). Content on workforce training in the
village play an important role and has been presented in "Orientation


5
training for the labor force in the traditional village" by the Institute for
scientific research training (2010) .
Besides the research in the country, a number of overseas studies have
also researched topics related to the development of villages such as "One
Village One Product" Morihiko Hiramatsu-Ministry of Economy, Trade
and Industry (Japan): stated goals and principles of implementation, the
results of the implementation of the movement "every village one product"
and its effects to the development of the village. The other experience in
the development of the country villages such as China, Thailand, Japan,
India
1.2. Overview of research on state policy for village development and
village crafts
The domestic research. According to the textbook "Socio-economic
policy", NEU, policy is understood in different meanings. According to Le
Chi Mai (2001) and documentation of the National Academy of Public
Administration (2000), the construction of policy evaluation criteria
mentioned and focused on the following criteria: (i) towards targets
common development; (ii) create a strong incentive; (iii) in accordance
with the actual situation; (iv) feasibility; (v) the reasonableness; (vi)
effective for society.
Some of the other topics mentioned policies related to village

development as research subjects "Some policies on rural industries
development" by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
chaired, was introduced policies of the Party and State on agricultural
modernization in rural areas 2001-2010 period and some specific policy
development of rural industries, development of villages. Policy villages by
Nguyen Nhu Chung analysis of PhD thesis (NEU) with the topic "The
process of completing the development of policies to promote trade villages
in Bac Ninh province between 1997 and 2003 - situation experiences and
solutions ". Reporting scientific research "Policy Research and
development solutions villages in Vietnam" (2012), The Institute of
Planning and design of agricultural - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development, has studied the general status quo of development of
villages, the current policy of developing trade villages. The research
project of the Institute for Policy and Strategic development of rural
agriculture - MARD is "Proposing policies and solutions to promote public-


6
private partnerships in the development of craft villages in the Red River
Delta" (2013 ) has given a theoretical framework as well as the status
implementation public-private partnership (PPP) in the development of the
village.
The abroad research. Yared Awgichew works "Policy and Measures to
Occupational villiages pratical in Ethiopia" - by Yared Awgichew,
Agriculture Technology Transfer Expert, August 2010) reported the
experience of the Government of Ethiopia in creating infrastructure, social
services , investment planning to develop rural villages. For policy research
and policy evaluation, and related research including: Policy in the "Assess
the impact of public policy: challenges, methods and results" by Jean -
Pierre Cling, Mireille Razrfindrakoto Francois Roubaud -IRD-DIAL (2008)

focused on the impact of public policy through the policy review; The
study evaluated the impact of policies on the economy - society in general
are discussed in detail in "Handbook on Impact Evaluation-Quantitative
methods and practices" by Shahidur R.Khandker, Gayatri B.Koolwal,
Hussain A. Samad synthesis.
1.3. Conclusions from literature review
First is the research content related to the village and solutions to
develop craft villages. Solutions such as market development, branding,
marketing, training, career development planning to develop handicraft
village. Or a system solution development to village development is
focused on deep in an area, certain provinces.
Second is the content related to policy evaluation and policy villages.
Theoretical framework of policies, characteristics of policies and policy
evaluation criteria are expressed in detail in the content of this study.






7
CHAPTER 2. Background theory and practical experience related to
state policy to develop handicraft villages
2.1. Craft village and development of handicraft villages
2.1.1. Craft village and handicraft villages
2.1.1.1. Definition and classification of villages
Craft village is one or more residential areas, rural or residential
in a commune or township where the activities of rural industries, which
produce one or more different types of products.
2.1.1.2. The role of arts and crafts village

- To create jobs, contribute to the development socio - economic rural.
- Rural industrialization and development of non-agricultural occupations.
- To preserve and develop traditional occupations.
- Contribute to the effective use of resources in manufacturing, engineering,
worker skills or job transfer.
- Creating a workforce capable of adapting to the process of modernization
of agriculture and rural development.
2.1.2. Development of handicraft villages
2.1.2.1. Definition

Development of village is the increase in both quantity and quality, the
organizational structure of the villages from low level to high level
reflected in the expansion of production scale, the increase in the
contribution budget and per capita income, ensuring social security and
environmental protection villages.
2.1.2.2. Evaluation criteria developed handicraft village
- Indicators of economic sectors
- Indicators of social sector
- Indicators of environmental

2.1.2.3. Factors affecting the development of handicraft village
- Subjective factors including: level of equipped technical facilities, capital
and financial capacity, the number and qualifications of employees, level of
organization and management, operations marketitng.

- Objective factors include: legal and political, economic - technological,
population - natural and cultural - social.
2.2. State policy on the development of handicraft village - the basic
theoretical
2.2.1. The definition and role of government policy in developing

handicraft villages
2.2.1.1. Definition
State policy on the development of handicraft village are understood as
follows: the state policy on the development of village handicrafts are


8
overall views, thoughts, solutions and tools that the state uses to impact on
handicrafts villages to grow in number and growth of economies of scale
and logical structure to efficiently use all resources in the villages, creating
jobs, improving incomes and improving people who live and perform
certain goal oriented overall objectives of the country.
2.2.1.1. The role of state policy on the development of handicraft village

- Orientation and regulate the activities of the village.
- Stimulating the development of trade villages.
- Creating a favorable business environment for the development of
villages.
2.2.2. System of state policy on the development of handicraft village
Policy on the development of handicraft village is system policies
closely ties together, as a system of policies on agricultural development
and rural (including village) as: policy on planned villages, products in
villages; policy on investment and credit; policy on science, technology
and environment; policy on human resources and policy on trade.
2.2.3. Criteria for evaluating government policy in developing handicraft
villages
To be consistent with the assessment of state policy on the
development of village handicrafts, the author focuses on a number of
criteria such as: transparency of policy, relevant of policy, stability/
sustainability of policy, consistency of policy, effectiveness of policy and

efficiency of policy.
2.3. These factors influence state policy on the development of
handicraft villages
- The human element construction and implementation of policies
- Elements of the organizational structure of the building and policy
implementation
- Elements of resources invested in the construction and implementation of
policies
- Factor of administrative institutions, measures to control policy
implementation and policy evaluation
2.4. Experience in public policy development in villages and lessons for
Vietnam
- First, the policy of developing the villages associated with modernization
of the countryside.
- Second, respect the training and retraining of personnel.
- Third, a policy of financial support for the village.
- Fourth, the encourage to create a combination of travel companies with
traditional villages.


9
CHAPTER 3. Situations of state policy to develop the handicraft
villages in Vietnam.

3.1. Overview of the development of Vietnam handicrafts villages last
time
3.1.1. An overview
There are over 2900 villages / craft villages, including the village
handicrafts accounted for nearly 40% of the total villages.
3.1.2. Achievements and limitations and cause in the development of

villages
3.1.2.1. The achievements
- First, create jobs contributing to economic restructuring.
- Second, to preserve and promote the cultural values of the long tradition
and originality of each locality.
- Third, the development of trade and tourism.
3.1.2.2. The limitations
- First, businesses in villages are largely small scale.
- Second, a large part of the craft in the village today is a simple job.
Products created with low economic value, lacking of key items.
- Third, the limited of capital of households and establishments rural
industries
- Fourth, the pollution in craft villages is very serious.
- Fifth, workers at the village is more limited in education, the majority did
not pass basic training so difficult to absorb new technologies.
- Sixth, the preservation of traditional culture of the villages have not been
focused and interested.
- Seventh, lack of information on market
3.1.2.3. The cause of the limitations
- Formed mostly spontaneous, unplanned oriented state.
- The management of the state for the village is limited, the forecast of
development of villages virtually none.
- The policies and regulations of the State are now often no or only
indirectly related to the village.
3.2. Situations of state policy systems in developing Vietnam handicraft
villages
3.2.1. An overview of government policy on the development of
handicraft villages in Vietnam
Some basic policies: policy on planned villages, products in villages;
policy on investment and credit; policy on science, technology and

environment; policy on human resources and policy on trade.


10

3.2.1. Status of department policy development of Vietnam handicraft
villages
3.2.2.1. Policy on planned villages, products in villages
* About recognizable content, the text of the policy
Table 3:11: Review the knowledge content of policy on planned villages,
products in villages
Contents
Percentage of firms interested
or know the contents (%)
Yes No
Policy planning and development of
infrastructure to develop villages
70,75 29,25
Conservation programs, development of craft
villages including traditional villages, villages
with tourism
85,85 14,15
Funding support relocation, rent incentives and
land use on the location of planning
56,60 43,40
Businesses to invest in the village will be
incentives for land
57,55 42,45
* Evaluation of policy on planned villages, products in villages based on
criteria

Table 3.12: Evaluating policy on planned villages, products in villages
Statistics

Transparency
of policy

Relevant

of policy

Consistency

of policy

Stability

of policy

Effectiveness
of policy

Efficiency

of policy
N Valid 104 106 103 106 105 103
Mean
3,17 2,47 2,89 3,30 2,67 2,81
Std. Deviation .743 .897 .999 .987 .987 1.058
Variance .552 .804 .998 .975 .974 1.119
0%

10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
T
r
a
n
s
p
a
r
e
n
c
y

R
e
l
e
v
a
n

t


















C
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
c
y

S
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y


















E
f

f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s

E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y

5. Totally agree
4. Agree
3. Neutral
2. Disagree
1. Totally disagree

Figure 3.2: Chart evaluating policy on planned villages, products in villages
Source: [Result of survey]


11

* Evaluating the satisfication of policy
Table 3.14: Evaluating the satisfication of policy on planned villages, products

in villages
Contents Frequency Percent Statistics
1. Completely dissatisfied

14 13,2 Mean 2,38
2. Dissatisfied
45 42,5 Median 2.00
3. Neutral
42 39,6 Mode 2
4. Satisfied
3 2,8 Std. Deviation .822
5. Completely satisfied
2 1,9 Variance .675
Source: [Result of survey]
The general assessment of the level of satisfaction of the village
planning policies are shown in table above shows that the level of
satisfaction of this policy is assessed at a lower level, the point is 2,38
(Mean 2,38). The percentage of "completely dissatisfied", "dissatisfied" or
"normal" of this policy is quite high, about 95%; number of enterprises
"satisfied" very low percentage (about 2.8%) This shows, village planning
policy is inadequate and has not been appreciated enterprises.
3.2.2.2. Policy on investment and credit
* About recognizable content, the text of the policy
Table 3.15: Review the knowledge content of policy on investment and credit
Contents
Percentage of firms interested
or know the contents (%)
Yes No
Field of handicrafts and village are funded
from the state budget

71,70 28,30
Investment incentives, guaranteed loans at
credit institutions and policy beneficiaries of
investment credit of the state
80,19
19,81
Credit policy for businesses in the village to
get loans
85,85
14,15
Enterprises invest in the village will be
supported: training human resources, market
development, applied science and technology,
transport charges
78,30 21,70


12

* Evaluation of policy on investment and credit based on criteria
Table 3.16: Evaluating policy on investment and credit
Statistics

Transparency
of policy

Relevant
of policy

Consistency

of policy

Stability
of policy

Effectiveness
of policy

Efficiency
of policy
N Valid 99 102 100 102 104 105
Mean
2,55 3,75 3,24 3,55 2,60 2,81
Std. Deviation .907 .817 .793 .669 .950 .942
Variance .822 .667 .629 .448 .903 .886
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
T
r
a

n
s
p
a
r
e
n
c
y

R
e
l
e
v
a
n
t

C
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
c
y

S
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y

E
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s

E

f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y

5. Totally agree
4. Agree
3. Neutral
2. Disagree
1. Totally disagree

Figure 3.3: Chart evaluating policy on investment and credit
Source: [Result of survey]
* Evaluating the satisfication of policy
Table 3.18: Evaluating the satisfication of policy on investment and credit
Contents Frequency Percent Statistics
1. Completely dissatisfied
3 2,8
Mean
2,92
2. Dissatisfied
31 29,2
Median
3.00
3. Neutral
44 41,5
Mode
3
4. Satisfied
28 26,4
Std. Deviation
.818

5. Completely satisfied
0
0
Variance
.669
Tổng 106 100.0
Source: [Result of survey]
Overall, satisfaction levels of investment credit policies were evaluated
at an average of 2.92 (Mean 2.92). That shows businesses surveyed rated
the satisfaction of this policy is below normal (rated "dissatisfied" occupy


13

29.2%, "normal" accounted for 41.5% and no businesses "Completely
satisfied" with this policy).

3.2.2.3. Policy on science, technology and environment


* About recognizable content, the text of the policy
Table 3.19: Review the knowledge content of Policy on science, technology and
environment
Contents
Percentage of firms
interested or know
the contents (%)
Yes No
The program supports the application and transfer of science
and technology for socio-economic development in rural

and mountainous areas in 2011-2015
4,.45 57,55
Fund established to support scientific and technological
research applied science and technology advances,
technology transfer
37,74 62,26
Financial support and technology transfer waste treatment,
solve environmental pollution villages
70,75 29,25
Financial support for research, technological innovation to
improve productivity, enhance product value
66,04 33,96
Support application of new technologies, new materials,
pollution control technology
65,09 34,91
Support for

science and technology activities

to

develop
products

villages
59,43 40,57
Support investment, infrastructure construction and
environmental remediation villages
72,64 27,36
Funding support for science and technology in order to

reduce environmental pollution
80,19 19,81
Technological innovation and application of techniques to
minimize environmental pollution
84,91 15,09
Communication and education, raise awareness about the
environment in the village
83,02 16,98


14

* Evaluation of policy on science, technology and environment based on
criteria

Table 3.20: Evaluating policy on science, technology and environment
Statistics

Transparency
of policy

Relevant
of policy

Consistency

of policy

Stability
of policy

Effectiveness
of policy

Efficiency
of policy
N Valid 106 106 106 106 106 106
Mean 3,78 3,81 3,22 2,83 2,82 2,85
Std. Deviation .926 .782 .926 .878 .924 .766
Variance .857 .612 .857 .771 .853 .587










Figure 3.4: Chart evaluating policy on science, technology and environment
Source: [Result of survey]
* Evaluating the satisfication of policy
Table 3.22: Evaluating the satisfication of policy on science, technology and
environment
Contents Frequency Percent Statistics
1. Completely dissatisfied
1 0,9
Mean
2,7

2. Dissatisfied
44 41,5
Median
3
3. Neutral
46 43,4
Mode
3
4. Satisfied
15 14,2
Std. Deviation
.716
5. Completely satisfied
0 0
Variance
.513
Tổng 106 100
Source: [Result of survey]
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
T

r
a
n
s
p
a
r
e
n
c
y

R
e
l
e
v
a
n
t

C
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
c
y

S
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y

E
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s

E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y

5. Totally agree
4. Agree
3. Neutral
2. Disagree
1. Totally disagree


15

The general assessment of the level of satisfaction of Science,
Technology and Environmental Policy is shown in the table above shows
that the level of satisfaction of this policy is assessed at low level, with an
average score of 2.7 (Mean 2.7). The percentage of "completely
dissatisfied", "dissatisfied" or "normal" policy occupies quite high, about
85%; number of enterprises "satisfied" low proportion (approximately
14.2%). This suggests that policies on Science, Technology and
Environment is not appreciated.
3.2.2.4. Policy on human resources
* About recognizable content, the text of the policy
Table 3.23: Review the knowledge content of Policy on human resources
Contents
Percentage of firms
interested or know the
contents (%)
Yes No

Financial support for training, job transfer, open
class, handing in villages
94,34 5,66
Support for vocational training for students 92,45 7,55
Development of teachers, training managers and
civil servants
42,45 57,55
Development of the network of vocational training
for rural workers
28,30 71,70
Support investment in the development of
vocational secondary schools in the province have
many handicrafts villages
56,60 43,40
Support for investment in infrastructure,
equipment for vocational training centers for
workers from other provinces
71,70 28,30
Artisans are organized directly handing
and tuition revenue, are exempt from taxes
vocational
95,28 4,72
Encourage artisans, cooperatives, organizations
and associations
open class handing, vocational training for
workers
91,51 8,49
State policies to honor the artisans, skilled
workers have the training, preserving artisans and
handing

84,91 15,09
Source: [Result of survey]


16

* Evaluation of policy on human resources based on criteria

Table 3.24: Evaluating policy on human resources
Statistics

Transparency
of policy

Relevant
of policy

Consistency

of policy

Stability
of policy

Effectiveness
of policy

Efficiency

of policy

N Hợp lệ 104 105 102 105 106 105
Mean 3,48 3,43 3,45 3,45 3,13 3,20
Std. Deviation .892 .830 .698 .877 .927 .903
Variance .796 .690 .488 .769 .859 .815
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
T
r
a
n
s
p
a
r
e
n
c
y

R
e

l
e
v
a
n
t


















C
o
n
s
i
s

t
e
n
c
y

S
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y

E
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s

E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y

5. Totally agree
4. Agree
3. Neutral
2. Disagree
1. Totally dis agree

Figure 3.4: Chart evaluating policy on human resources
Source: [Result of survey]
* Evaluating the satisfication of policy

Table 3.26: Evaluating the satisfication of policy on human resources
Contents Frequency Percent Statistics
1. Completely dissatisfied
3
2,8
Mean
3,28

2. Dissatisfied
13 12,3
Median
3.00

3. Neutral
44 41,5
Mode
3
4. Satisfied
43 40,6
Std. Deviation
.825

5. Completely satisfied
3 2,8
Variance
.681

In general, satisfaction of this policy is appreciated, at the level of an
average score of 3.28 (Mean 3.28). Businesses surveyed feel "satisfied" or
"normal" in this policy (80%); number of businesses "not satisfied" low

proportion (approximately 12.3%). This suggests that policies of human


17

resources are interested in business and policy actually went into
production and business activities in the village.
3.2.2.5. Policy on trade

* About recognizable content, the text of the policy
Table 3.27: Review the knowledge content of policy on trade
Contents
Percentage of firms interested or
know the contents (%)
Yes No
Rural commercial development in 2010-
2015 and orientation to 2020
44,34 55,66
Increase knowledge of trade for chairman of
cooperative
85,85 14,15
Training and knowledge of trade for
businesses in the village
88,68 11,32
Financial support for trade promotion
programs in the domestic market
71,70 28,30
Financial support for trade promotion
programs oriented export
84,91 15,09

* Evaluation of policy on trade based on criteria

Statistics

Transparency
of policy

Relevant
of policy

Consistency

of policy

Stability
of policy

Effectiveness
of policy

Efficiency
of policy
N Hợp lệ 106 106 106 106 106 106
Mean 3.66 3.75 3.14 2.70 3.57 3.02
Std. Deviation .985 .778 .930 .864 .817 .717
Variance .969 .606 .865 .746 .667 .514

Figure 3.6: Chart evaluating policy on trade
Source: [Result of survey]
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
T
r
a
n
s
p
a
r
e
n
c
y

R
e
l
e
v
a

n
t


















C
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
c

y

S
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y


















E

f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s

E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y

5. Totally agree
4. Agree
3. Neutral
2. Disagree
1. Totally dis agree


18

* Evaluating the satisfication of policy
Table 3.30: Evaluating the satisfication of policy on trade
Contents Frequency Percent Statistics
1. Completely dissatisfied

1 0,9
Mean
3,45
2. Dissatisfied
14 13,2
Median
4.00
3. Neutral
31 29,2
Mode
4
4. Satisfied
56 52,8
Std. Deviation
.806
5. Completely satisfied
4 3,8
Variance
.650
Tổng 106 100
The general assessment of the satisfaction level of trade policy in the
table above shows: Satisfaction of this policy is assessed at a high level,
with an average score of 3.45. Overall, the surveyed enterprises "satisfied"
and "completely satisfied" in this policy (about 56%). That shows, trade
policy plays an important role for the development of handicrafts villages,
are now really interested and appreciated.
3.3. General assessment of system state policy on the development of
Vietnam handicrafts villages
3.3.1. Positive, progressive
- First, the formulation and promulgation and enforcement of the legal

documents, policies have created a legal framework for village activities
and development.
- Second, the planning of villages and products of the villages
has been focused, provide the basis for village operations and development,
in order to develop the strength, specific characteristics of the village
- Third, the policy department in different areas each have many
practical solutions for the development of villages such as investment,
credit, Science Technology and Environment, human resources,
commercial market
- Fourth, there is the interest and support of many ministries in
formulating and implementing policies in developing trade villages.
- Fifth, the survey results, a number of policy criteria to be appreciated
through each different policies.

3.3.2. The limitations and weaknesses
- First, the state's policy villages for missing, incomplete.


19

- Second, the documents specified, the relevant procedural guidelines
have not materialized, forms; policy documents lack convincing, there are
clearances.
- Third, a number of village development policies in different fields is
problematic gaps.
- Fourth, some criteria are many limitations, not highly evaluated
through surveys.
3.3.3. Cause
3.3.3.1. The cause of the policy itself
- For planning policies villages, the villages: The materials for the village

has not been focused in the overall planning strategy; Planning the village
in the direction of each village a profession based on the experiences of
Japan and other countries are not really effective; Strategic planning is not
holistic lead to the development of the village spontaneous and should
cause environmental pollution villages today.

- For policy investment and credit policy: Mechanisms to attract and
mobilize funds for development of villages is not really effective;
Procedures for loans from banks, credit providers today are more
troublesome, time-consuming; Policy on interest rates, credit incentives
have not really encourage investors to join

- For science policy, technology and the environment: Support for scientific
research and technological application of new technologies for the
production of handicrafts villages is limited; The management, direction
and administration of environmental protection work in the village is
inadequate; The system of legal documents on environmental protection for
villages lacking, inconsistent and overlapping. Writing system, although
relatively slow, but progress issued.
- For human resource policies: The policy on the management of labor
resources in the villages is inadequate, the labor situation in the village
unwillingness of occupation, labor shortages stable; Policy for artisans also
formal, not real artists are respected, not rational treatment.
- For trade policy: The support and provide trade information market is
limited, not updated regularly; Support for the development of the domestic
market, to encourage domestic consumption has not really focused; Policy
on expanding tourism market with the development of villages ineffective;
Promotion policy for the export market has not been interested.

20

3.3.3.1. The cause of the conditions to ensure
- The staff build and implement organizational policies
- The apparatus constructed and organized policy implementation.
- The resources for the formulation and implementation of policies.
- Sanctions and measures to control the formulation and implementation of
policies.


Chapter 4. The views and solutions to improve state policy to
develop villages handicraft village Vietnam up to 2020.

4.1. Views on the development of Vietnam handicrafts villages
- Policy on the development of handicrafts villages attached to the planning
of the input, output, infrastructure, with the successor to plan local
economic development.
- Policy on the development of handicrafts villages must be associated with
the development of agricultural production; associated with the
characteristics and natural conditions, the level of socio-economic
development and infrastructure of each locality.
- Policy on the development of handicrafts villages and rural services is the
driving force to reduce poverty, create jobs and stabilize the lives of local
people.
- Policy on the development of handicrafts villages must be associated with
the preservation and development of national cultural identity; preserve and
maintain the cultural heritage of the local tradition; must be associated with
the development of tourism, attracting tourists from home and abroad come

to the village and use the products and services of the village.
- Science and technology policy to develop handicrafts villages must focus
on combining traditional know-how with the application of advanced
science and technology.
- Policy on the development of handicrafts villages must be associated with
the protection and handling of environmental pollution.
- Policy on the development of handicrafts villages must be linked to clear
division of functions and tasks of state management of the concerned
agencies.



21

4.2. The solutions to improve state policy on the development of
Vietnam handicraft villages
4.2.1. Solutions related to planning handicrafts villages, the villages
- Planning the materials for handicrafts village. Planning material areas
including the national and regional material areas; implemented formulate
plannings and planning of investment, planting seeds of high quality supply
for the village.
- Planning the village in the direction of each village a profession.
- Planning village associated with tourism development.
- Planning village associated with environmental protection. Need to
organize the relocation of production facilities caused serious
environmental pollution from residential areas; synchronous construction
of infrastructure, creating conditions for economic zones focused on
developing villages effective.
- Solutions to support the land.
4.2.2. Solutions related to encourage investment, capital support,

incentives credit for the development of villages
- Improving the investment environment in the village.
- Diversifying forms of capital mobilization.
- Improving and diversifying the lending practices.
- The support to enhance the efficiency of capital investments.
- Reforming administrative procedures, avoiding complicated and
cumbersome for access to capital.
4.2.3. Solutions related to science, technology and environment in craft
villages
- Policy on science and technology: Developing the technology market;
Strengthening research and application of science and technology for
traditional handicrafts villages; Strengthening research and application of
new technologies for the production of the village to be considered as one
of the top priority tasks; Strengthening the workforce with technical and
raise educational levels and professional qualifications of employees;
Choice of technology of environmental treatment in villages.
- Policy on investment in infrastructure and of environmental treatment
villages: (1) Investment in infrastructure: Support development of the
transport system in the village; Support the development of communication
systems; Support construction of water supply and drainage; (2) Policy on
environment: Build, perfecting mechanisms and policies to improve the
efficiency of the State management of the environment; Need a specialized


22

department is responsible for inspecting the implementation of
environmental protection, there are provisions sanctioned for businesses
and households produce violations of environmental protection laws;
Organize the long-term training focus for managers, technicians

environmental protection from the commune to the central level; Agencies
and departments related to environmental pollution treatment villages
coordinated implementation.
4.2.4. Solutions related to human resources to develop villages
- The policy of the employer: (1) Policy for employees; (2) Policy for
artisans: State policies should be rewarded and appropriate incentives for
artisans, encourage them to handing down for vocational training and
youth; organizations to consider, recognition and honors awarded to those
skilled craftsmen, talented entrepreneurs make a lot of high quality
products, export and those inventions, improvements advanced machinery,
equipment and technology.
- Policy on workforce training: (1) For business owners should have their
own training programs; (2) Vocational traditional method: organized and
invited artisans or skilled workers in place to vocational training; (3) To
diversify forms of vocational training in various sectors at different levels,
based on the planning of labor needs to be trained in each sector; (4)
Development of vocational training centers of private and state; (5) In
conjunction with the school, the Institute offers courses for students who
work in the village to raise the level of technical and artistic level; (6)
Through the associations, foundations developed as industrial promotion
fund to create classes and training funds; (7) To raise the level of culture
and education for the residents of the village; (8) The State shall encourage,
support for social organizations to participate, develop human resources
villages; (9) Policies to encourage appropriate and mobilize maximum
participation of business enterprises, production of handicrafts join
vocational training; (10) The concerned ministries and branches should
develop training standards of traditional craftsmanship, building systems
programs and curricula in accordance with the method of flexible
vocational training according to the different levels; (11) To invest in
building infrastructure for the vocational training institutions, the

construction and procurement of equipment and training; (12) The state
should have policies to support employment after training, policy
development labor market, labor supply and demand mounts; support for
self-employment and creating more jobs for workers place after training.


23

4.2.5. Solutions related information, trade and market
- Complete the development policies, promote key products and branding
for the village
- Completing policies on domestic institutions
- Completing policies on information and marketing.
- Innovation policy import, export and international economic integration.
- Develop appropriate policies to develop close relationships between
tourism companies with the village.
- Develop policies active support to enhance trade promotion.
4.3. The other solution to ensure conditions to improve state policy on
the development of Vietnam handicrafts villages
- Solution of the policy makers and policy implementation: building a team
of consultants, professional strategic thinking in the sector, the sector of
economic life - society, from middle local level, agencies and units;
Working arrangements in accordance with the qualifications, competence,
quality of staff; Attract intellectual resources in the formulation and
implementation of policies; Retraining and restructuring of staff policy
towards improving quality, ensuring consistency, inheritance and
development; Expand co-operation and exchange of experience with a team
of consultants strategic countries in the region and internationally.
- Solutions to organize system construction and implementation of policies:
creating active collaboration of the authorities from central to local levels;

there should be coordination between the units and the organization of the
State; needs the active participation of the members of the policy relating to
participation in the formulation of policy.
- Solutions to invest resources to construction and implement policy: aside
adequate funds for the construction, implementation and policy evaluation;
Increasing resources for the formulation and implementation of policies
such as the cost of building infrastructure for the implementation of the
policy; procurement of equipment, supplies, technical equipment and other
material costs.
- The sanctions and other measures.



24

CONCLUSION

- The thesis has analyzed the role of Vietnam handicraft villages today and
clarify the factors affecting the development of the village, which analyzes
the role of public policy factors in the development of handicraft villages.
In addition, the thesis also studies, learn the experience of village
development policies of countries around the world and draws lessons for
Vietnam.
- The thesis has been codified a theoretical basis for government policy to
develop handicraft village in Vietnam. On the basis of the theoretical that
the thesis has selected the criteria for evaluating development policies
handicrafts villages including: transparency of policy, relevant of policy,
stability/ sustainability of policy, consistency of policy, effectiveness of
policy and efficiency of policy. Also, the thesis also system some current
government policies to develop handicraft village and assessment of these

policies, including: policy on planned villages, products in villages; policy
on investment and credit; policy on science, technology and environment;
policy on human resources and policy on trade. The evaluation based
policy evaluation criteria and indicate achievements, limitations and causes.
- Based on theoretical analysis, the status of the policy and the lessons to be
drawn, the thesis proposes five solutions in order to improve public policy
in the development of Vietnam handicraft villages, while providing the
necessary conditions to improve the policy system.
Besides the achievements of the thesis, the authors found that while
some of the content needs to be more complete. This is also the further
research orientation of the author in the future. Some research directions
are:
- First, the synthesis and review of the text of each policy to specify
appropriate points or disappropriate points, necessary changes and
supplements.
- Second, study in depth a specific policy group to evaluate the policies of
the stages of the policy process (policy making, policy implementation and
policy analysis).