tiểu luận chuyển mạch đa giao thức Multiprotocol Label Switching – Virtual Private Network (MPLS-VPN)

Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG HV CÔNG NGHỆ BƯU CHÍNH VIỄN THÔNG
TP.HỒ CHÍ MINH
KHOA ĐIỆN TỬ VIỄN THÔNG
TIỂU LUẬN VỀ CHUYÊN ĐỀ
Multiprotocol Label Switching – Virtual Private Network
(MPLS-VPN)
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN

 !
"#$%&'()*+,-".)/)+
'#+0
12$3"#$%456)789/*(.('
3:;<=>1;++?$@A8B52#
"4$4.C31;/9:;<=0D+'(
%  @A  )*  +,E    "F    "+  #  $4  $  G/  H/ -!>/$  
'/'GI/$00
Nhóm SV thực hiện:
1. J'J'KLB
2. 1M1?JN
3. JHJJ'
4. O<3
5. PK:/
6. JQ?L/
7. 1?J'
8. /JND&
9. <4:R
10. OLB@S


Page 2
Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
Về phần báo cáo:
%TU
Về cách trình bài:
%TU
Về cách trả lời câu hỏi:
%TU
Tp HCM, ngày tháng năm
Thầy:
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
Cấu trúc bài tiểu luận
Phần 1: Giới thiệu về chuyển mạch nhãn đa giao thức MPLS
A.Giới thiệu về MPLS.
:;<=$38NAV"B(./HN$WX#
Y$WZT#+'(/'$M'!HNB
Y"4![!"\[*/$/"!$0:;<=$3@N
#N+'4"\@A5W]+^;FN"_J:V
$WZ0;@#'!':;<=>`/"$!_J:
)a'/GNH!3[BHN9!H/-^
C0:;<=NBC*?#?#$W
ZWHN$WX0T^=;+C[b'"(2)*BAW
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
8$WZS%^=;+#CF?$A%F(
G/@AG'//0c@Y@/'/:;<=
$UdQHNY"4F#Y$Me

1.Khả năng mở rộng đơn giản.

• J?($@AF+#'#/9?HN
8'@W8#*@A@HNf!g$
'hF#$V0
• JCA./^;_J:T%[i"3N"H
'40J"H#WH#T
:;<=]'AjS:;<=O>^=D01"k)9?
W)/'#/:;<=-/k
#0
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
2.Một số ứng dụng của MPLS.
^!'!+"/+9[iCU!F[//F[!W4/U
• 1!43'(FT([.$#?G0
• 1[!T([.$Y93(%@AF/CS
/*f'!/$!h0
• D//43"%Cg/0:;<=/4
G/0
:3)B9[i@A'#/$U
• MPLS VPNU([Hi)l[i)Y83+
)m#*NB./)!0
• MPLS Traggic EngineerU(?N$%3V@S
##$@$@AV'@*3$$@
$@A0
• MPLS Quality of ServiceU[nL)([Hi+#
($[HiW)*"B/L)0
B.Cấu trúc của một MPLS.
1.Cấu trúc nhãn MPLS.
$3*#+3[5FBH8+('"4'0
8'*N+/8o/$W@H/-$W0@A
3+i#)7[3p`++@A(H0Do/

i3@'@A++01C[i+_J:fN"h)l
[i'H1;^q1^@Fp'/!'!$/)l[iD<^$0QBW
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
@B8+('F3@Ar4#)l[i
08[s"!+('@)/U
 !"#$!
:;<=Ht/34+3[XZ"@A4<=u0+@A
V/)/4$WZ"(2'@W34$WXFY$^;@A)l[i
"Y<=u$B#gH3p`F$W)7@AgT$'(0=/
+@Agl$C"Y<=u#N0
%&'
Page 7
Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
8[4:;<=@A/'/'2'40+"/j'@S)/U
• U'HZv"F'H9/:;<=0
• `;fX"hU[*F+#["`;@*@
"@40
• =U"?gNF)l[i#)5gN/0
• J<<US/)Bw"F'/3W+:;<=+#
G/0
QBW;;;/`!'!'H%[/9;>^DfV`!'!h
@AT4@9#8"$:;<=x/)/
:$/)0
:3o/:;<=+/V6UV6#N:;<=V6
#:;<=0:;<=+#*HN$WXV#$WZ0
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
( !"#)#
*+,-.!/01-23$"4*"56*7+

:V6#N)l[i3)Y8#NfLFIB-Label
Forwarding Information Baseh##N+0:]:;<=+Z"$4
G/N#N$U)Y8fLIB-Label Information Baseh
<p^O0<^O9/(@A:;<=i"3[(go/
N@A%E:;<=$o/+0<p^O)l[i3%
9/'<^O#*#N+0
+,-.!802$"$66*7+
:V6#:;<=H''/$@'.<p^O0J(
:;<=3/9HN^;#'/k8HNN
Page 9
Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
:;<='0:;<=!"$!_J:)7[n3"3#
fLSC- Label Switch Controllerh@'!'yZvvFyzvvV[n38gl$,
NfRMP- Route Processor Moduleh#//gl$,HN^;
@A'/k./:;<=N%#g[*4<p^O0:;<=[n
3{#N[*/'4)*k#NBW8#
/0:]8#H'[(B3%
&@$@'.8#+$4G/0/Nk3
fIGP-Inter Gateway Protocolsh@A[n#g%?N@AF)*$4
Ng./p`H/-'NfNext Hop Addressh
2.Lớp chuyển tiếp tương đương FEC(Forwarding Equivalence Classes).
<3++^;+n3@S'4:;<=gl$,B
/"(|<=u0J'HN'B3+@AW3p`
]0}':;<=-3$<=uM0J':;<=+
NW'!~g/+#33p`F"Y2G'2#N+
':;<=-?9<=uM#Wp`gH<=;F
}<=u}$[*/##+01WHN^;F+@A#
[*/^;4]+@AW3p`#gH@S[{0
3.Đường chuyển mạch nhãn LSP (Label Switched Path).
<3NB@A(2.//<=uFN'/EN'/o/

:;<=[n##N+o/3p`+)l[iN#k
f</"!$>=a/p'a/'[h0Cơ sở dữ liệu nhãn LIB <"NB'<=u
+9/'Hqp`@Ak'/&S8++
@'0
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
4.Giao thức phân phối nhãn LDP (Label Distribution Protocol).
•/9B<D;$/9#'/k8./
<=u0(R%<=u+NB'*N%'//N$%
$4NNf[)!'!/)h0
+s$"U
• OD)!'U8"['2)*+Vo/3<=u'0
• O_[€!U+iYF['2N.4NB
./<=u0
• O</"!$/[!')!!U*8"F@/'/4Fo"•
+80
• O~/U@A)l[i#8"$]0
• JN$%NBJ;#'/k"f'E"D)!'h0
"$%A.+('‚!F$!F/$!ƒ0
5.Bộ định tuyến chuyển mạch nhãn LSR(Label Switched Router).
•/93'4NBxD;+#@Ag!$/%
"N/o//<=u'@WN$%NBJ;0:3<=u)7G""
!$$W(<=uNB'*NW+'43kxD;VH!3
|(H0J(<=u$5!"!$$'4kxD;0S+
<=u"N@AH/-o/(<=uNB'*NW+0=/"N@AH/
-o/3<=u+F3NBJ;)7@AN$%.//<=u0/
8NB'*NW/2<=u{+#lH|"!$$N
kxD;VHo/3H/-^;gH01<=u%&+#l$"
!$$<=ul#N$%NBJ;0

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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
9:!"8-6;<
6.Topo mạng MPLS.
::;<=$3dtập kế tiếp các nút hoạt động định tuyến và chuyển tiếp
MPLSe0::;<=+#/<M:;<=f:;<='!hO4:;<=f:;<=
`[!h0
=>$-$
3+^;G/:;<=F+!3N@AgHi3
p`+@A(H0JNK$Q@S#
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
<=;0<=;-3F9$/<=;3'8)80+
?/9:;<=#N+B^;@AK$"3H
N#<=u0
• <=u$Bf^'!))<=uhgl$,$@$@A:;<=0
• <=u#NfJ'/)<=uhgl$,$@$@A"4':;<=0
• <=u$B'/f`'!))<=uhgl$,$@$@A'S•:;<=0
• <=u"4f`[!<=uh@S@A)l[iS$4<=u$B
<=u$B'/0
N"H//'3:;<=+#@A$"3H
N"4<`u"3HN#<=u0
Thiết bị LSR: JG/'K(o/:;<=$N"HHN#
<=u0JN"H*9?#N+'
:;<="\oiB0
Thiết bị LER: <3N"H3"4o/'%:;<=0
<`u]'Ak@ANBW8B/fSp'/!u!$/F
_J:F`!'!h#N$@$@A:;<=)/N$%<=;F

"\)l[i/9"$B"k$@$@A'Y$
'%$B'/0<`u+/'}G/'K'-H„F
$@$@A'/'/•:;<=0<`u$g'/
+'@W:;<=0N"H"4WN"H$MY]$U
#N$@$@A+}*/NW
0
Các kiểu phân phối nhãn
J'3:;<=F3W3H/-C@ABW$
@A[})/N$%)!))01NB./i#Wi
Page
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
"33'Nf%E'!'g8[}h@A$@'.'<p^O<^O0
:;<=[n@9B@)/U
?:!""*$@'"$<
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14
Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
Phần 2: Mạng riêng ảo VPN (Vitrual Private Networking)
A.Giới thiệu cơ bản về mạng riêng ảo VPN.
1;T"Y'33"3"\)l[i$ANo/
!'!0-%1;T"NBW3)\g/[VW
<_o/"$+'Y3[!/3;./'<_0
:3V#./o/1;$)*NB./$!)o/"/@
C"/j'n3<_0
:iCBo/81;$)l[i^!'!Ck%
o/+0J4F[^!'!$j8834+#@A'%E
"(|/F"(|$F"(|F'/k8+#"H!'3[
[F  )*  '  %  "(  A          [.  $    '/  k  [.  $0
:iCCo/1;$("%FCG3%'

'{  ""\  "3G'2g [*0
1;@A#$Y'3o/3^'/!@ANB8G/
83\"/?GNB.//B0
N3W"%&@A)l[i#"C/
'/k.[.$["H%8G/38'@S8/0
1.Các cơ chế an toàn của VPN.
Encryption U:[.$$3G'2g.$,/k[.$!3…
(H[.$-+#@AK"Y@S[nB0†#K@A[.
$@S%"3+Cg3+/[.$0J!@
'BF@S%l[.$)7+n3#+#
[.$0<@Aj"$>!)l[iZ+/F3+/@Ag!@3"$>!
f+/83h"(9/&+#[n#[.$0
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
Authentication :<3G'2g.$,"55[.$)7@A
N@S%jS&"8%@A4‡0ˆ29
"F_!/}•C(%x)!'/!;/))a'[#+#'
%40J'3)B2B9F)7+4)!'!>!V
"$>!#[.$0
Authorization :†$G'2g.$,(G'%V?(
4'4)/*_!/0
2.Sự Phát Triển Của VPNs.
1;)8$38WF1;)+E‰z
?'@W'G/G'2'#F/kN/'/3[
W(01;)4@A)"Y_JŠJEB.?wv@A
"N@=~a/'!D!~![!a')f=D)h0JN9/o/1;)'/SE)*g(
o/80Zz[HiCAR%)Bf^!'/![=!'!)
D/$!a'U^=DhE.?‹v0Œ/8T'
.  [}  +  f//!  )'!/)h  [.  $  G/      /  )7  0

=/N9/o/1;)'/SFH'@S1;)S$53%N
'#F   W   +  )*  k $4  o/  /  8    !$$>"/)![  p'/!  u!$/ fpuh
_)')J'/~!':[!f_J:h0JN9"/o/1;)'#[*/!Z
80Œ/8'#[*/'41'/$'
=aF!+F+[.$)789/H/-jC0J/+F
)7/.'•F'•N'/$'[.$jC)7
@AGN0
,U81'/$')a+B3'[.$/f‰•v:")
V/h)WN'@W>=DF0ZzF^=D0J4++^;$@
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
8"4'+p'/!u!$/_J:!$$)2%0'/Fpu>"/)![
_J:>"/)![&8(@g%/!>$!!$![>>![
+/    .  9  [i  >![  6    @  $![/0
J!$$3R%+++[.$'!$'$F@^;
=!'f^;=!hF;>>;J!$;'$f;;J;hFV</!'ZJ!$
;'$f<ZJ;hBn$++.+@A!$"4'3+^;0
JkA+[.$)/+'!NC"\)l[i$Wo8
^;0OY2+[.$4"+#$"(9[4!$+#k'A
//9j^;F^=DFpu_J:0
VPNs Tunneling Protocol :
+X[/9!$k"%@A)l[i'1;)U
^;=!'f^;=!hU†@A'#"Y^`JpF^;=!$3…Y"5
5G'2'/k[.$@A/@9g%@S[nG/
8308BW.R%F^;=!*Y
9y'82Ž=^fŽ!=)!^!'!hF12NF+#3$%
)W9[i'4012No/")7@A"%
8[n"(|@'2"%0
;>>;J!$;'$f;;J;hU;'#"Y:')~FXŽ:F_)![

/)F;;J;$3)*K$*/#/N^;=!0J4^;=!{
}@A)l[i'3)BJ!$;'$0;;J;*Y9Z
fD//<</!'h0
</!'ZJ!$;'$f<ZJ;hU†@A'#"Y)=)!F<ZJ;@A[*
H)7/N^;=!0J4^;=!{N@N)"%'4
^!'!0<ZJ;$)*NA./</!'Zp'a/'[f<Zph;;J;@A[n#
++~'/!).[i/9;>>#YG/$@0ZzF
puF_J:0
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
•U<Zp$3'$@A?,3G"Y)=)!#"
%[.$'4^!'!@A/0
3.Sự Thuận Lợi Và Bất Lợi Của VPNs :
Thuận lợi :
•#C'#/UC1;)C#)WGN
'B
•CG$,0
NB0
_'/[H0
ŒG"?80
`/![)/$/"$0
Bất lợi :
•;i3'8'@S^!'!0
•JN)*k'A3)B/9NE/0
.†L/JJ'1;)U
•JC/0
•J/./N"Ho/(/0
•L$,%'0
•D'#/0

•D)l[i0
•=/$/"$0
•Œg(0
•L$,"?80
•<*/K3([Hif^=;h0
•OE.[.$Y*4"40
Page
18
Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
B.Giới thiệu các loại hình VPN:
1.VPN cho các nhà doanh nghiệp.
a)Remote access VPN.
1;'%Eg/(?'%Eg/@S)*[i01;
(F4[3/?}Yg/+#)*
[i'%3"3o/8"\B8N/.N+
NB!'!0 1;'%Eg/Y'388G/)Y
/)bF8$/kC)n/80+#[n#
('%/.4@Sg4$F.
/"o/80<1;@A)*[i8G/)Y
83"\3^=DFG/)BF^;[3FD=</8
@S43)B$!'4Co/@S)*[i0
D8['#41;8[fa'!$!))h@A
C?F#4+#'%3"3o/K8
G/NB8[3'8[fa'!$!))!'/$h+NB
3"30J'NB+[/8['1;'%Eg/F
$!'4;TYNB"%K$@S01
NNG'2g$%"/#"4@Ag(E3j
%0J@S2/"/[*/'4n3C)"%o/
80
Page

19
Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
A7$7B7CCD&
.@#o/1;'%Eg/)W@'B$U
• 1;'%Eg/8)*]'Ao/4"Y2G'2N
BEg/@A^=;*0
• •@ACNBEg/"Y2NB
g/@A/N"YNBi"38G/!'!0
• ([HiNB'b.@S)*[iYg/0
• DNB'%$NB3"34[!NB3YB3
/)W'%g/0
• 1;(?'%BN)!o/8"Y2]
'A9((o/[HiNB0
:V[n+@#@/1;'%Eg/{}.@A#
)/U
• 1;'%Eg/8]'A[i%"L=0
• "H([.$/[++#8NV"H(0
• D%}/944/9/3#0
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20
Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
b)VPN Site to Site.
<NBBY./W'
8G/1;0J''@SAFG'2g*"/@S)*
[i)7$G'2g*./N"H0N"H3@k/
f=!'•/!a/hF'$@$@A/E=!W=!/0N"H
HN/@S$l/]'A1;+?*NB0Œ/
N"H1;+?3!/'!!/!))1;=!
=!1;0=!)!1;@A$!G$,C)$1;i"3/
Y'30N+3jG$,2@Ag!@$1;i

"30@A$@A$1;Y'30

VPN cục bộ U<3[(24"#n/=!=!1;F@A)l[i#"
%NB./H/#/o/380+$4N'i)YCF
?}F'43)YFNB)l[i$8@A
+/"%0D+T(H/#+#'%/j
[.$@AT'3"3o/80
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
D&E)
Những ưu điểm của phương pháp VPN cục bộ:
• i"3/['3+#@AN$%8G/3/
([Hi0
• •4C)B4R%]'A'4BW.g/0
• +#[[N$%!3$4N/WF[NB'
/@A*8G/!'!0
• JN#CE)l[i@S1;8G/!'!NA
W8#B3/0
Nhược điểm của giải pháp mạng cục bộ dựa trên VPN:
• D[.$@A'deG/!'!4{}.8!
[K/93"%[.$($@A[HifL=h0
• ?(+[.$'[{{}/0
• @/"''B$@A$W[.$@/@W
4B3/"S/*'8'@S^!'!0
VPN mở rộng: 1;Y'3(@S"%./F
(B8G/3)Y830•1;)l[i
NB$8@A"%8"H$%W"4@'@SA
1;i"3/u!!/!))1;0 1;Y'3(?#
'%W.j4N#Y'3W.B@A

[/0
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
%D&F")
Những ưu điểm của VPN mở rộng:
• C1;Y'3()WNB#
@AiC@%0
• D[N$%F"'2/kBW/30
• +3'([HiK$*/nAW
o/E8[1;Y'3@Ag[*[*/'4
^!'!0
• •C%F"'2)B$@A4R%]'A[
NB^!'!@A([Hi!'!0
Nhược điểm của giải pháp VPN mở rộng:
• 1("%V+?'8'@SY'3FE+$/
'o'BW3"3o/80
• ?([.$'G/83{}0
• @/GN@A(+/'$@A$W[.$W4B
3//S/*
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
2.VPN cho các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ:
a)Overlay VPN.
<1;@A(2'4N"Ho/)l[i/9
@Sg4G/830([Hi)7"./
)!o/@$@SNB$!/)![$!0:82!'$/1;'/SE
'()W@A'#/[@W8/0O/Ž!'$/1;@A
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Tiểu luận chuyên đề MPLS-VPN
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