Ôn thi hóa học ki 2 cơ bản

Ôn tập HK2
−
Hóa 11
Phần 1 : Viết công thức cấu tạo các chất sau :
 Ankan
1. Metan
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2. Etan
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_
3. Propan
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_
4. Butan
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_
5. Isobutan
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_
 Anken
1. Eten (etilen)
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_
2. Propen (propilen)
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_
3. But
−
1
−

en
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_
4. But
−
2
−
en
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_
5. 2
−
metylpropen
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_
 Ankandien
1. Buta
−
1,3
−
dien
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_
2. 2
−
metylbuta
−
1,3
−
dien (isopren)

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_
 Ankin
1. Etin (axetilen )
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_
2. Propin
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_
3. But
−
1
−
in
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_
4. But
−
2
−
in
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_
 Hidrocacbon thơm
1. Benzen
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_
2. Toluen
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_

3. Stiren
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_
 Ancol
1. Metanol (ancol metylic)
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_
2. Etanol (ancol etylic)
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_
3. Propan
1−
−
ol (ancol propylic)
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_
4. Propan
−
2
−
ol (ancol isopropylic)
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_
5. Butan
−
1
−
on
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_

6. Butan
−
2
−
on
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_
7. Ancol benzylic
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_
8. Glixerol
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_
 Phenol
1. Phenol
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2. Natri phenolat
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Phần 2 : Hoàn thành các phương trình phản ứng sau (xác định sản phẩm chính phụ , nếu có)
 Ankan
1. Etan + Cl
2
(as)
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_
2. Propan + Cl
2
(as)

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_
3. Butan + Cl
2
(as)
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_
4. 2
−
metylpropan + Cl
2
(as)
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_
5. Cracking Propan
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6. Cracking butan
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_
 Anken
1. Etilen + H
2
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2. Propen + H
2
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_
3. Etilen + H

2
O
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_
4. Propen + H
2
O
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_
5. But
−
1
−
en + HCl
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_
6. But
−
2
−
en + HBr
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_
7. Trùng hợp etilen
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_
8. Trùng hợp Propilen
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_
9. Etilen + KMnO

4
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_
 Ankandien
1. Trùng hợp Buta
−
1,3
−
dien tạo cao su Buna
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_
2. Trùng hợp isopren tạo cao su isoprene
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 Ankin
1. Axetilen + H
2
(Pd,t
0
)
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2. Axetilen + H
2
(Ni,t
0
)
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3. Axetilen + dd Br

2
(dư)
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_
4. Propin + dd Br
2
(dư)
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5. Axetilen + dd HCl (tỉ lệ 1 : 1)
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6. Axetilen + dd HCl (tỉ lệ 1 : 2)
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7. Propin + dd HCl (tỉ lệ 1 : 2 )
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8. Axetilen + H
2
O (xt HgSO
4
, 80
0
C)
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_
9. Propin + H
2
O (Xt HgSO

4
, 80
0
C)
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_
10. Nhị hợp Axetilen
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_
11. Tam hợp Axetilen
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12. Axetilen + dd AgNO
3
/ NH
3
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_
13. Propin + dd AgNO
3
/ NH
3
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_
14. But
−
1
−
in + dd AgNO
3

/ NH
3
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_
15. But
−
2
−
in + dd AgNO
3
/ NH
3
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_
 Benzen và đồng đẳng
−
Hidrocacbon thơm khác
1. Benzen + Br
2
(xt bột Fe , t
0
) , tỉ lệ 1 : 1
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_
2. Benzen + HNO
3
(xt bột H
2
SO
4đ

), tỉ lệ 1 : 1
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_
3. Toluen + Br
2
(xt bột Fe , t
0
) , tỉ lệ 1 : 1
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_
4. Toluen + HNO
3
(xt bột H
2
SO
4đ
), tỉ lệ 1 : 3
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_
5. Stiren + dd Br
2

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_
6. Trùng hợp Stiren
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 Ancol
1. Metanol + Na
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_
2. Etanol + Na
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3. Ancol propylic + Na
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4. Ancol metylic + HBr
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_
5. Ancol etylic + HCl
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_
6. Ancol etylic + CH
3
COOH
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_
7. Ancol propylic + CH
3
COOH
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_
8. Ancol isopropylic + CH
3
OOH
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_
9. Ancol metylic + CuO(t
0

)
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_
10. Ancol etylic + CuO(t
0
)
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_
11. Propan
−
1
−
ol + CuO(t
0
)
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_
12. Propan
−
2
−
ol + CuO(t
0
)
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_
13. Metanol (H
2
SO
4

, 140
0
C)
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_
14. Etanol (H
2
SO
4
, 140
0
C)
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_
15. Propan
−
1
−
ol (H
2
SO
4
, 140
0
C)
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_
16. Etanol (H
2
SO

4
, 170
0
C)
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_
17. Propan
−
1
−
ol (H
2
SO
4
, 170
0
C)
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_
18. Propan
−
2
−
ol (H
2
SO
4
, 170
0
C)

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_
19. Butan
−
2
−
ol (H
2
SO
4
, 170
0
C)
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_
20. Glixerol + Cu(OH)
2
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21. Đốt cháy ancol no đơn chất C
n
H
2n + 1
OH
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22. Ancol no đơn chất C
n
H
2n + 1

OH + Na
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 Phenol
1. Phenol + Na
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2. Phenol + NaOH
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3. Phenol + dd Br
2
(tỉ lệ 1 : 3)
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4. Natri phenolat + CO
2
+ H
2
O
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_
Phần 3 : Viết CTCT các đồng phân và gọi tên thay thế
• Ankin ứng với CTPT : C
2
H
2
, C
3
H

4
, C
4
H
6
, C
5
H
8
• Ancol ứng với CTPT CH
4
O , C
2
H
6
O , C
3
H
8
O , C
4
H
10
O
Phần 4 : Nhận biết
• Axetilen (C
2
H
2
) , etilen(C

2
H
4
) , etan (C
2
H
6
)
• Propan (C
3
H
8
), Propen (C
3
H
6
) , Propin (C
3
H
4
)
• Benzen , toluene , stiren
• Etanol , Phenol , Glixerol , Benzen
• Ancol metylic , Glixerol , Phenol , Stiren , benzene
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