điểm tương đồng giữa một số tư tưởng hồ chí minh với một số học thuyết tôn giáo

DIEM
TlTOfNG DONG GlfA
MOT SO
TU*
TU'ONG
HO CHI MINH
Vdl
MOT
SO
HOC THUYET TON GIAO
ThS.
NGUYEN THI THANH DUNG
Khoa
Ly
lugn chinh
tri
Tru&ng
Dgi hpc
Giao tlidng Van
tdi
Tom
tat:
Pn
tudng
dgi
dodn
kit la mdt
trong nhiing
tu
tudng
ndi

bat, cd y
nghia chiin
luge trong
hi
thdng
tu
tudng
Hd Chi
Minh.
Tu
tudng
dy
dug'c
hinh
thdnh tren
ca sd ke
thiea
truyen thdng dodn
kit
ciia
ddn tgc vdl
nhieng
tu
tudng Hen
bg
trong
lich
sie nhdn logt
md
dinh

cao
la
chil nghia
Mdc -
Lenin. Ngudl
dd
tim
thdy
diem
hgp ly vd
tuang ddng
gliea
cdc hgc
thuyet,
dgc
bl?t
la
nhieng
tu
tudng
tdn
gido
nhdm glal
ddp
nhieng
yiu cdu
thuc
Hin cua ddn tdc
vd
thdi

dgi
Nhgn
ro
diem
tuang ddng giiia
tu
tuang
Hd Chi
Minh
vdl cdc hgc
thuyet
tdn
gido
se thdy dugc tinh
ke
thiea ciia
Hd Chi
Minh trong viic tiep nhgn tinh
hoa vdn hod
nhdn logt vd
y nghia
cua tu
tudng
do
ddi
vdl
cdch mgng
Viet
Nam.
Summary:

The
Idea
about
the
great unity
Is
one
of the Ideas which
are
outstanding
and
have
a
strategic significance
In
Hochlmlnh Ideology.
This Idea
was
formed
on the
basis
of
Inheriting traditions about great unity
of
ethnic
with
progressive Ideas
in
human history
In

which
the
Marxism
-
Leninism
Is
the
most outstanding. President
Ho
Chi Minh
found
reasonable
and
similar points among theories, especially
the
religious Ideas
to
answer
the
practical requirements
of
ethnic
and
age. Identifying
the
similarities between
Ho
Chi Minh
Ideology
and

religion theories,
we
will
see the
Inheritance
In
Ho
Chi Minh's In
receiving
the
quintessence of human culture
and
Its
meaning for Vietnam's revolution.
I. DAT VAN DE
Tu tudng dai doan ket la mdt trong
nhung tu tudng ndi bat, cd y nghTa chien
luge
trong he thdng tu tudng Hd Chi Minh. Tu
tudng
ay
dugc hinh thanh tren co sd kl thira
truyen thdng doan ket cua dan tgc vdi nhung
tu tudng tien bd trong ljch sir nhan loai ma
dinh cao la chii nghTa Mac - Lenin. Ho Chi
Minh ludn dua tren nhung kinh nghjem san cd
trong ljch su de phat trien, van dung sang tao
nhQ'ng yeu td tien bd trong nhung tu tudng ay
de dua ra nhung quyet sach cho each mang
Viet Nam. Mac

dii
giira cac hgc thuyet cd
nhung dilm
khac
biet nhung Hd Chi Minh
cung ndi kha nhilu ve tinh tuong ddng giQa
ly
tu'dng tdn giao ldn, chan chinh vdi nhQ'ng tu
tu'dng mac xit
ma
chinh Ngudi la mdt diln
hinh.
116
Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG
VAN
TAI
So 32 -
11/201
IL NOI DUNG
Dudi binh dien chung nhit,
sir
tuong
ddng dd bieu hien d su thdng nhit vl co
ban
trong muc tieu giai phdng con ngudi cua giai
cap cdng nhan va
ciia
cac hgc thuyet tdn giao
chan chinh. Dieu do bieu hien d cho
ca

ly
tudng cdng
san
va cac bgc thuyet tdn giao
chan chinh deu mudn xoa bd tinh trang ap
biic,
bdc lot, bat cdng. Mgi ngudi dugc sdng
trong
boa
binh, huu nghj cua mdt the gidi dai
ddng, khdng cd che do ngudi bdc lot ngudi;
ca hgc thuyet tdn giao chan chinh va hgc
thuyet
each
mang thuc su trong thdi dai ngay
nay deu cd vai trd to ldn trong viec hoan thien
con ngudi.
Hd Chi Minh viet: "Hgc thuyet cua
Khdng Tir cd uu diem cua nd la su tu dudng
dao dire
ca
nhan. Tdn giao Giesu cd uu diem
cua nd la ldng bac ai cao ca. Chu nghTa Mac
cd uu diem
la
phuong phap lam viec bien
ehung. Chu nghTa Tdn Dat Tien cd uu diem
ciia
nd la chinh sach cua nd thich hgp vdi dieu
kien nude ta. Khdng Tu, Gie su, Mac, Tdn

Dat Tien chang cd nhu'ng diem chung dd sao?
Hg deu mudn muu hanh phuc cho loai ngudi,
muu phiic lgi cho xa hdi. Neu hdm nay hg cdn
sdng tren cdi ddi nay, neu hg hgp lai mdt chd,
tdi tin rang, hg nhat djnh chung sdng vdi nhau
rat
hoan my nhu nhQng ngudi ban than thiet.
Tdi cd gang lam ngudi hgc trd nhd cua cac vi
ay."
Hd Chi Minh da thay dugc diem tuong
ddng giua cac hgc thuyet la deu mudn mgi
ngudi cd com
an
ao mac, binh dang, tu do, the
gidi dai dong". Ve phia ngudi cdng
san ma
Ho Chi Minh la mgt trong nhung ngudi tieu
bieu, Ngudi viet: "tdi chi cd mdt su ham
mudn, ham mudn tdt bac la lam sao cho nudc
ta dugc
hoan
toan dde
lap,
dan ta dugc
hoan
toan tu do, ddng bao ai cung cd com
an ao
mac,
ai cung dugc hgc hanh". Rd rang,
dii la

ai,
theo hgc thuyet, trudng phai nao cung deu
cd mdt diem chung la vi tu do, banh phiic
ciia
con ngudi. Day cung cd the la
sir
he md cho
chiing ta tiep can mdt thuyet mdi: thuyet hdi
tu. Hd Chi Minb da thay dugc su tuong ddng
giua ly tudng cdng san vdi muc tieu
ciia
tdn
giao chan chinh dugc the hien d chd: dat nudc
khdng dugc dde lap, tdn giao ndi chung, cac
tin do tdn giao ndi rieng cung khdng cd tu do.
Dau
tranh cho dgc lap, tu do
ciia
Td qudc la
nguyen vgng thiet tha cua mgi ngudi dan, ke
ca cac tin do. Bdi le, gianh dgc lap
dan
tdc la
dieu kien de cd dde lap, tu do cho tdn giao,
cho mgi
giao
dan. De cap den mdi quan he
tuong ddng dd, thang
1-1946,
khi Viet Nam bj

thuc dan Phap
xam luge lan
nua, Hd Chi
Minh da nhan manh: "nudc khdng dgc lap thi
tdn giao khdng dugc tu do, nen chiing ta phai
lam cho nude dugc dgc lap da".(l)
Quyen tu do tin ngudng tdn
giao
khdng
tach rdi vdi van menh dan tgc, van menh dat
nudc,
cho nen, mgi ngudi Viet Nam
dii
cd tin
ngudng hay khdng deu phai gdp phan minh de
gianh va giu nen dde lap nudc nha.
Dau tranh cho dde lap
dan
tdc cung chinh
la
dau
tranh cho quyen dgc lap cua cac tdn
giao,
ciia
giao dan. Tdn giao tdn tai tren manh
dit
dan
tdc, nen giai phdng Td qudc cung
chinh la giai phdng dat thanh - giai phdng
manh dat

ma tren do cac tdn giao tdn tai.
Chung ta
diu
biet, mdt trong nhung
Tap
chi
KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 32 -
11/2010
117
chinh sach cai tri ha khac cua thuc dan Phap
da thuc hien d An Nam la chia de de be cai trj.
Chiing chia re khdi doan ket cua nude ta ra
Iam ba mien vdi cac che do cai trj khac nhau.
Ddng thdi, chung cung
gay
ra su chia re luong
- giao, tao nen mdi
thii
ban giua cac tdn giao,
chiing phan chia giua giao sy phuong Tay vdi
cac
giao sy, linh muc ngudi ban
xii
de cd cac
hinh thiic ddi xir khac nhau. Cac giao sy, linh
muc ngudi Viet bj miet dai, ddi xu'
rat
tan te,
hg chi la tdi td
ciia

giao sy phuong
Tay,
bj coi
nhu nhirng ke nd le. Ngudi khang djnh rang,
dudi che do phong kien, "dao thien chiia d
nudc ta cd rat nhieu giam muc ngudi
Phap
va
ngudi
chau
Au, ma
rat
it
giam
muc ngudi Viet
Nam. Cach ddi xtr vdi linh muc va ba phudc
ngudi
chau
Au hon linh muc va ba phudc
ngiroi Viet Nam.
Nhu,
the cd phai la khdng
phan biet ndi gidng khdng?." (2)
Sdng dudi che do ap
biic
bdc lot, bi de
nen nang ne, ngudi lao ddng Viet Nam ndi
chung va ddng bao luong - giao ndi rieng
can
viing day giai phdng khdi mgi ap

bii'c,
bdc lot,
bat cdng. Bdi vay, trong cudc hgp Hdi ddng
chinh phil
iam
thdi ngay 3-9-1945, Hd
Chii
tich khang dinh: "thuc dan
va
phong kien thi
hanh chinh
sach
chia re ddng bao giao va
ddng
bao
luong de de be thdng trj, tdi de nghj
chinh phil ta tuyen bd: tin ngudng tu do
va
luong giao doan ket"(3). Muc tieu giai phdng
Td qudc cung cd nghTa la giai phdng dat chua
- noi tdn giao tdn tai. Khi chiing ta giai phdng
Bill Chu, Phat Diem, Hd Chi Minh khing
djnh, giai phdng
Biii
Chu
va
Phat Diem cung
tiic
la giai phdng dat thanh.
Khi thuc

dan
Phap mdt lan nua quay lai
xam luge
nudc ta, dl giu vung nen dgc ap
gianh dugc bang su hy sinh suong mau
ciia
dan tdc, chiing ta phai tiln hanh cudc khang
chien. Ngud'i khing djnh, khang chiln, kien
qudc de giu vQ'ng dgc lap dan tdc cung la phu
hgp
y
chiia. "Chiing ta khang chiln ciru nudc,
thi dua tang gia
san
xuit va tilt kiem, cai each
rugng dat
iam
cho ngudi
cay
cd rugng, tin
ngudng tu do, nhu
thi la
nhung viec chinh
phli va nhan dan ta lam deu hgp vdi tinh than
phiic am. Cho nen, tdi chiic ddng bao cdng
giao lam trgn chinh sach cua chinh
phii
cung
la lam trgn tinh than cua
Dire

chua co dde".
Bdi vay, ddng bao ta "luong cung nhu giao,
doan
ket khang chien, img hd chinh
sach
rugng dat, tire la lam dung ldi day
ciia
chiia
Giesu,
tire
la that tha tdn kinh chiia Giesu".
Tren co sd neu cao chQ' "Ddng",
lay diem
chung
ciia
cac hgc thuyet, tu tudng, tdn giao,
tu tudng Hd Chi Minh nhu sgi day lien ket
tinh
than
doan ket giiia ddng bao luong -
giao
tao nen khdi doan ket thdng nhat giua cac tang
ldp va
nhan
dan lao ddng trong ca nudc.
Chil tich Hd Chi Minh cdn gianh mdi
quan tam dac biet den viec
xay
dung khdi
doan

ket toan dan, nhat la ddng
bao
luong -
giao.
Trong thu giri ddng bao cdng giao
nhan
djp le giang sinh ngay 25-12-1956, Ngudi
viet: "Nhan dip le sinh nhat nay, tdi mong cac
hang giao sy va ddng bao da doan ket nay
cang
doan
ket hon,
doan
ket giua nhan
dan
va
can bd, giu'a ddng bao giao
va
ddng bao luong
dl
mau thong nhit nudc nha, cho Bac Nam
sum hgp nhu Idi cau nguyen
ciia
chua
Kirixitd: "Nguyen cho
hit
thay ddng bao hoan
toan hgp nhit vdi nhau"(4). Nhd tu tudng do,
118
Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG

VAN TAI -:
So 32 -
11/2010
chiing ta da phat huy dugc
siic
manh ciia khoi
dai doan ket dan tdc trong cudc khang chien
ehdng Phap va chdng My. Bing tai nang va
dire do
va
nhan each cua minh, Ho Chi Minh
da dugc ddng bao Phat giao
Viet
Nam tdn
vinh nhu mdt vj Bd tat sdng. Thugng toa
Thich Thanh Tir va Ni su Thich Nir Nhu
Nggc da viet: "nhu'ng tu tudng, dao
diic,
tac
phong va viec Iam cua Bac Hd thi hoan toan
phil hgp vdi giao ly cua Dao phat. Bac Hd
khdng nhung la vj
anh
hung giai phdng dan
tdc,
la
nha van boa ldn ma Bac Hd cdn la hien
than cua Dao phat va la mgt Bd tat boa
than"(5).
Qua

day
cd the thay, tu tudng bien chiing
ciia
Hd Chi Minh tham nhuan
sau
sac tu
tudng "luc boa" nham tao ra su hoa hgp tir vat
chat den tinh than, tir ldi ndi den viec lam cua
chiing sinh nham dat tdi muc dich chung, cao
dep:
than boa ddng tru, ngdn hoa ddng
nghiep; gidi boa ddng tu; kien hoa ddng giao;
lgi boa dong quan. Hd Chi Minh da tiep thu,
cai bien tu tudng dd de thanh nhiing nguyen
tac,
phuong phap xay dung ly luan
each
mang
het
sire
khoa hgc.
Tuy nhien, cung can luu y rang, trong khi
nhin manh chu "dong", Hd Chi Minh cung
khdng xem nhe viec loai trir khac biet va ddi
lap;
Ngudi kien quyet chdng can benh "ta"
khuynh lin huu khuynh. Chinh nhd nam bat
dugc cai hdn cua phep bien chung ve
mau
thuan dl van dung cu the vao cdng viec lanh

dao each mang nude nha. Hd Chi Minh da boa
giai mdt each khdn ngoan nhung ddi khang ve
quyen lgi bd phan trong nhQng hoan canh nhit
djnh, neu cao su tuong ddng dl tap trung cao
nhat mgi
lire
lugng, mgi tri tue cho lgi ich
toan cue. Ngudi ndi "cau ddng tdn dj",
lay
cai
chung de hy sinh lgi ich ca nhan, tap hgp khdi
doan ket toan dan. Day la tu tudng xae djnh rd
chu the, ddng
lire
cua each mang - mdt trong
nhung nhan td quan trgng, quyet djnh thanh
cdng cua each mang Viet Nam. Lay day la bai
hgc quy bau trong su nghiep xay dung dat
nudc hien. Bac timg ndi:
"Dan ta nen nhd chu ddng,
Ddng tinh, ddng
sire,
ddng long, ddng minh."
III.
KET LUAN
Van dung tu tudng dd trong giai doan
hien nay, chung ta can biet phat huy
sire
manh
tdng hgp cua mgi tang ldp, giai cap trong

nudc cung nhu kieu bao nude ngoai, tao ra the
va
lire ciia
dat nudc tren da hdi nhap qudc te.
Dac biet, trudc xu the toan cau hoa hien nay
cang can
sue
manh tdng hgp
ciia
cac tang ldp,
giai
cap,
tdn giao trong nudc de nhan
sire
manh
dan
tdc len
gap
bdi trong
sir
ket hgp vdi
sire manh thdi dai. Dai hdi Phat giao dugc td
chiic vao cac ky chinh la mdt minh chiing cho
sir
tuong
ddng
ve ly tudng giQa cac giai cap,
tang ldp yeu nudc cQng nhu
cac
giao

dan
tren
dit nudc Viet Nam. Tat ca deu vi cudc sdng
im no, tu do, hanh phiic, vi hoa binh, dan chu
va tien bd tren the gidi.
Tai
lieu
tham khao
[1].
Bao
ciru quoc, ngay 14-01-1946.
[2].
Bao nhan dan, sl 38, ngay
27-12-1951.
[3].
Hi
Chf Minh,
Toan
tap. NXB Chfnh tri
quIc
gia, HN,1995,t.4,tr.9.
[4].
HI
Chi Minh vdi phat giao. Ngi san nghien
ciru phat hgc, so dac biet, tr29-30 va
tr.\6-\l*
Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI
So 32-11/2010
119