bài giảng tiếng anh viết 4

1
Writing 4 (30 periods)
Assessment:
-Presence + Participation + homework: 20%
- 3 Mid – term tests: 30%
-End – of – course test: 50%

-Compiled by Ms. Bui Thi Ngoc Oanh
-Email:


2
Revision of Writing Paragraph
1
Arrange the steps of writing process
2
3
4
5
6
May need to: - explain sth more clearly;
- Add more details, change organization
Choose a topic
Decide which of the ideas you want to use
Gather ideas that you will write about t. topic
Check what you have written
Check what you have written
Write your paragraph or essay
3
Writing 4
Periods

(30)
Contents
2 Introduction + Revision + Test
9
How to write an essay
8 Comparison & Contrast Essays
7
Cause & Effect Essays
4 Argumentative essays
4
What is a paragraph?
- A group of sentences about a single topic
- sentences explain t. writer’s main idea about
the topic. About 5 – 10 sent., first sent.
How many parts
are there
in a Paragraph?
Topic sent.
Supporting sentences
concluding sent.
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Art history
As an engineering major, you may not think that I would choose an
art history class as the most important class I’ve ever taken. “Most
important” is a very big term to put on a subject that was fun since
learning isn’t supposed to be “fun”. But for me it was fun, and it was
important to my career as an engineer.
Art history should be a required subject for everyone. I learned a lot
about history, religion, and mythology during the course. This has been
very useful. When I go to parties, no one wants to talk about building

bridges. But if I tell someone she has a smile like the Mona Lisa, she is
more interested in talking to me.
Of course, the most important part of any course is the teacher. A
good teacher can make even a boring subject interesting and lively. I
was very lucky to have a good teacher. She is very experienced and is
very famous in the field. She has written a lot of books about art and has
even curated museum shows.
We also took field trips during the course. We went to museum to
see the paintings and sculpture we read about in class. We went to
artists’ studios to see how a painting was actually painted.
How did this help my career? Not only did it make me a more
rounded person, but I saw in the paintings a history of engineering. I saw
how bridges and buildings were built and used. I saw how cities were
planned. Art history for me was very important and it was fun.
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Essay
A group of paragraphs
about a single topic and
central main idea.
At least 3 paragraphs
Academic writing: 5 para.
Structure of an essay 3 main parts
Main body
Introduction

Conclusion
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8
1.Write thesis statement
2.Brainstorm some ideas

3.Drop unnecessary information
4.Make an outline of steps
5.Draft entire paragraph & transition
signals to indicate orders
6.Edit paragraphs of essay. (make
connections & changes)
7.Go over paragraphs of essays.
(correct spelling, punctuation &
grammar)
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Format of an essay
- Double spacing (blank line b/w each line of
writing)
- Margin: leave 2.5 cm (1 inch) of space on
the side, the top & bottom of t. page.
- Type your essay: Indent first line with 5
spaces (1 tab). Write by hand: indent 2 cm
- Alternatively, no indentation but leave 1
line space b/w each para.
- Essay Title at the top of t. 1
st
page in the
centre.


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Thesis statement
-a sentence telling main idea of the whole essay
= topic sentence of a para.

- at/ near the end of introductory para.

Underline thesis statement:
If you ask average Americans where their language comes
from, they will probably say ‘England’. However, English
vocabulary has also been influenced by other countries and
groups of people. Some words are borrowed from other
languages, such as typhoon, which originally came from the
Chinese word, ‘tai-fung’, meaning ‘big wind’. Stunk, the
name of a small, smelly, black-and-white animal, came to
England from a Native American language. African
Americans, too, have both contributed new words to English
and changed the meanings of some existing words.

12
Underline Thesis statement, circle the
topic, 2
nd
line for main idea in thesis
1. Before I travelled to the UK last year, I thought
that British food was just fish and chips, roast
beef, apple pie, rice pudding and endless cups
of tea. These foods are popular in Britain, but
during my travels, I discovered that there is so
much more to eating in the UK. People from all
over the world have made their home in Britain,
and they have brought with them their own
food. Even in small towns, you can find
Chinese, Indian and Italian restaurants,
amongst others. The UK can be divided

different regions that each has its own
characteristics foods influenced by the culture
of the people who live there.
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Underline Thesis statement, circle the
topic, 2
nd
line for main idea in thesis
2. Everybody knows that the koala, that sweet
Australian animal that resembles a teddy bear.
Although koalas look like toys, they are
actually strong climbers and spend their days
in the treetops. Mother koalas carry their
babies around from tree to tree in a pouch, or
pocket, on their stomach. Although there were
millions of koalas in Australia in the past, they
are now a protected species of animal. As a
result of human population growth,
deforestation and hunting, the number of
koalas has declined.
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Good thesis statement
- Give author’s opinion/ important idea about topic
- an idea that can be discussed/ explained w. supporting
ideas.
The qualifications for getting into University in my country
are unreasonable.
When studying a foreign language, there are several ways
to improve your use of the language.

Should not:
- a fact
In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer months are warmer
than the winter months.
- not state 2 sides of an argument equally.
There are some advantages and disadvantages to using
nuclear power.
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G (Good thesis)? F (fact), N (no
clear opinion)?
The top government official in my country is the
PM.
Some people prefer digital cameras, while
others like traditional cameras.
Using public transport would be one of the best
ways to solve the traffic and pollution
problems in cities around the world.
16
Writing a procedure
Homework:
I. Writing 3 topics for the following topics: starting with “ I
think that….” (then omit “I think that’ to have thesis)
a. Exercise
b. University study
c. The Internet
d. Music

II. Choose one of the topics above, circle the topics that
must be explained in the essay. Write topic sent. for
each of the circled ideas.

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1. The UK can be divided into different regions that each
has its own characteristic food influenced by the
culture of the people who live there.
2. Doing exercises is the best way for students to
memorize and understand the lessons better/ clearly/
completely.
3. Doing exercises is the best way to prepare for
students’ prospective jobs.
4. Studying at university helps students made decisions
for their own life.
5. Listening to music is meaningful to me not only a type
of entertainment, but also helping reduce stress, and
inspiring my imagination about the world.
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6. Doing morning exercises not only improves physical
health but sends me to sleep more easily.
7. You can not always depend on your University
degree.
8. Internet is a big source of information and the most
powerful tools in the world.
9. Listening to music brings you many benefits, including
a kind of entertainment, reducing stress and providing
us strong emotions.
19
Outlining an essay
Why?
-Show what to write
-Help essay well-organized & clearly-focused
-Remember important points

How?
-Begins w. thesis statement
-Tell what ideas discussed first, second, and ….
-Ends w. a conclusion
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Outlining (cont.)
- Main ideas: Use Roman numerals (I, II, III, IV, etc.)
- More information: capital Roman letters (A, B, C)
- Details for supporting points: Arabic numerals (1,2,3)



I. Introduction
II. First main idea


III. Second main idea


IV. Third main idea


V. Conclusion
A. First supporting point
B. Second supporting point
A. First supporting point
B. Second supporting point
A. First supporting point
B. Second supporting point
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Introduction
- 1
st
para.
- Usually 5 to 10 sentences
- Catch Readers’ interest
- Give general essay topic
- Give background information
- State main point (thesis)

General ideas
Specific idea (thesis)
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Strong introduction
• Introduce topic clearly
• Several sentences of information about
topic
• State thesis
• Not enough information/ too much
information about topic
• Too many different topics
• Not state a clear thesis
Weak introduction
23
Make interesting introduction
Include:
Interesting facts/ statistics
Personal story/ example
Interesting quotation
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Steps of Introduction
Step 1: state topic of essay
Step 2: general statements of essay



Step 3: Thesis statement
-Interesting facts/ statistics
-Personal story/ example
-Interesting quotation
3- 5 sentences
1 sentence
3.1 Main topic
3.2 list of subdivisions of topic
3.2 method of organization

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Example of “E-shopping”
Step 1: introduce topic “E-shopping”
Step 2: facts



Step 3: thesis