an investigation into starting and closing telephone conversations between friends and relatives in american english and vietnamese = nghiên cứu phần mở đầu và kết thúc cuộc hội thoại qua điện thoại giữa bạn bè tt

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – HANOI
UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES




LE THI QUY




AN INVESTIGATION INTO STARTING AND CLOSING
TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN FRIENDS
AND RELATIVES IN AMERICAN ENGLISH AND
VIETNAMESE


NGHIÊN CỨU PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU VÀ KẾT THÚC CUỘC HỘI THOẠI QUA
ĐIỆN THOẠI GIỮA BẠN BÈ VÀ NGƯỜI THÂN TRONG TIẾNG ANH
MỸ VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT


M.A Minor Thesis




Field: English Linguistics
Code: 60 22 15

Hanoi - 2010
VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – HANOI
UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES





LE THI QUY




AN INVESTIGATION INTO STARTING AND CLOSING
TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN FRIENDS
AND RELATIVES IN AMERICAN ENGLISH AND
VIETNAMESE


NGHIÊN CỨU PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU VÀ KẾT THÚC CUỘC HỘI THOẠI QUA
ĐIỆN THOẠI GIỮA BẠN BÈ VÀ NGƯỜI THÂN TRONG TIẾNG ANH
MỸ VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT

M.A Minor Thesis


Field: English Linguistics
Code: 60 22 15
Supervisor: NGUYEN THI THOM THOM, M.A







Hanoi - 2010
iv



TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION i
ACKOWLEDGEMENTS ii
ABSTRACT iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iv
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES vi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS vii
PART A: INTRODUCTION 1
1.Rationale 1
2.Aims and Significance of the study 2
3.Scopes of the study 3

4.Methods of the study 3
5.Design of the study 4
PART B: DEVELOPMENT 5
CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 5
1.1Theoretical Background 5
1.1.1Communication and telephone communication 5
1.1.2Conversation and telephone conversation 7
1.1.3Characteristics of a telephone conversation discourse 9
1.1.4The characteristic of a telephone conversation interaction 10
1.2Prior research on telephone conversations. 10
1.2.1Telephone openings 11
1.2.2Telephone closings 13
1.3Summary 14
CHAPTER 2: THE STUDY 16
2.1Data collecting procedure 16
2.1.1Instruments 16
2.1.2Participants 17
5



2.2Data analysis 17
2.2.1Findings from the data corpus 17
2.2.2Findings from the survey questionnaire 25
2.2.3The similarities and differences of starting and closing telephone
conversations in American English and Vietnamese 30
2.3Summary 33
PART C: CONCLUSION 34
1.Summary of the findings 34
2.Limitations of the study 36

3.Implications and suggestions for further research 37
REFERENCES 39
Website: 41
1. 41
APPENDIX #1 I
COMMON FRAMEWORK I
Note: AmE: American English II
APPENDIX #2 II
TRANSCRIPTION (American native speakers) II
III
APPENDIX #3 XI
TRANSCRIPTION (Vietnamese native speakers) XI
APPENDIX #4 XX
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE (For American Native Speakers) XX
APPENDIX #5 XXIII
BẢN CÂU HỎI KHẢO SÁT (Dành cho người Việt bản ngữ) XXIII

vi



LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
Figure 1. Frequency of the callees speak first 26
Figure 2. Frequency of greeting the callers/ callees 27
Figure 3. Frequency of asking what the caller/ callee doing 27
Figure 4. Frequency of the callees initiate final closing 29
Figure 5. Frequency of expressing joy about engaging in the conversation 29
Figure 6. Frequency of giving reasons to end the phone 30
Table 1. Occurrences of opening sequences 18
Table 2. Occurrences of closing sequence 22

Table 3. Sample of interaction with four phases analysis 23
Table 4. Frequency of acts in the openings 25
Table 5. Frequency of acts in the closings 28
Table 6. Common opening patterns I
Table 7. Common closing patterns II














vii



LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AmE: American English
V1: Vietnamese
V: Vietnamese people
A: American People
T: Transcription