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DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI
TRl/dNG
DAI HOC KHOA HOC TlT NHIEN
£)ETAI
TOI UU QUA TRINH TRUYEN NANG LUONG TIN HIEU
VA NANG CAO DO NHAY CUA CAC THIET BI THU
DAI TAN SO CAO CO CHON LOC
MASO:QT-05-11
CHU
TRI DE
TAI:
VU THANH THAI
(KHOA
VAT
LY)
HA NOI
-
2005
DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI
TRUCJNG
DAI HOC KHOA HOC
TIT
NHIEN
€)ETAI
TOI
UtJ
QUA TRINH TRUYEN NANG LUONG TIN HIEU
VA NANG CAO DO NHAY CUA CAC THIET BI THU
DAI TAN SO CAO CO CHON LOC
MA
SO:

QT-05-11
CHU TRI DE TAI:
CAC CAN BO THAM GIA:
THS.
GVC. VU THANH THAI
GPS-TS
VU ANH PHI
THS.GV
DANG
THANH THUY
DAI HOC QUOC
GI.A
HA
NOl
TRUNG
TArv/
THONG
TIN
^HU
\,/!PM
PT /
5-00
HA NOI - 2005
1.
BAO CAO TOM TAT
a. Ten de tai:
Toi
icu
qud trinh truyen ndng luang tin hieu vd ndng cao do
nhay

ciia
cdc thiet bi thu ddi tdn so cao co
chgn Igc
.
(Ma
so: QT-05-11)
b.
Chu
tri
de tai: ThS. Vu Thanh Thai
c. Cac can bo tham gia: POSTS
VQ
Anh Phi
Ths.
Dang Thi Thanh Thuy
d. Muc tieu va noi dung nghien cuu:
- Xay dung bai toan toi uu truyen nang luong trong khong gian
song cao tan .
-
Tdng hgfp
cac mach phoi
hgfp
va toi uu hoa dac tfnh
truyen
dat
cong suat cua he thdng thu va xu li
tin
hieu .
- Tfnh toan va dua ra giai phap nang cao do nhay ciia thiet bi thu
tan so cao co chon loc .

e. Cac ket qua dat
dugc
:
• Kit qud nghien cAu khoa hgc:
*
Dua tren ly thuyet
v6
khong gian tuyen tfnh gia
Ocht
(Mincopski) da xay dung dugc mo
hinh
vat ly thuc cua
khong gian tuyen tfnh - khong gian nang lugng trang thai tfn
hieu.
"^
Tren ca sa phan tfch cac toan
tir
trong khong gian nang
lugng trang thai tfn hieu da thiet lap dugc bieu thuc ciia he so
truyen dat cong suat cua mang 4
cue du6i
dang cac cap ham
ma tran vo huang
ciia
cac dang toan phuang chi cua mot
bien. Dieu nay cho phep dua bai toan xay dung he thong
truyen tfn hieu voi dac tfnh truyen cong suat
cue
dai ve bai
toan gia tri rieng ciia dang toan phuang trong khong gian

nang lugng
ciia
trang thai tin hieu.
*
Xay
dimg
bai toan truyen song cao tan trong khong gian :
da tfnh toan thanh cong van d6 toi uu nang lugng cho song
cao tan qua cac dac trung cua song tai va song phan xa .
*
Tong hgp cac mach phoi
hgp;
tinh toan toi uu hoa dac
tfnh truyen dat cong suat ciia song sieu cao tan . Bang ly
thuyet da chi ra
r^ng
chi can
sir
dung cac mach phoi hgp 3
phan tii co
thd
phoi hgp dugc vcd cac phan tu M4C hoac M2C
bat ky va co the thay doi dac tuyen phoi hgp ciia he thong
b^ng
each
thay ddi cac tham so vat ly ciia mach phoi hgp ma
khong thay ddi thiet ke
ciia
no.
* Tfnh toan mot so mach cu the truyen song sieu cao tan va

dua ra cac thong so toi uu cho mach phoi hgp de dat cong
sua't
truyen
cue
dai . Khao sat dac trung truyen nang lugng
ciia mach sieu cao tan .
• Ket qud dao tao:
*-
Co 02 khoa
lu|n
tot nghiep dai hgc da dugc bao ve theo
hu6ng nghien
cun
ciia de tai
*-
Khoa luan nam hgc 2005-2006 se co 2 sinh vien nghien
cuu tiep tuc theo huang de
tai.
f. Tinh hinh kinh
phi
cua de tai:
Tdng kinh phf thuc chi : lO.OOO.OOOd
Trong do -
Tir
ngan sach nha
nu6c
: Od
- Kinh phf
ciia
DHQG : lO.OOO.OOOd

- Vay tfn dung : Od
- Von tu
CO
: Od
KHOA QUAN LY
(Ky va ghi ro ho ten)
CHU TRI DE TAI
(Ky va ghi ro ho ten)
TS.
Nguyen
The Binh
ThS.
Vu Thanh Thai
TRI DE TAI
OHIEUTHUOKU
^j^.Twk^f ^ik
2.
BRIEF REPORT OF PROJECT.
a. Project title:
Optimize of transmission energy of signal and to raise the
sensitivity of the receivers high-frequency selectively .
(Code: QT-05-11).
b.
Project
co-ordinator:
MSc. Vu Thanh Thai
c.
Co-operator Pro. Dr. Vu Anh Phi
MSc.
Dang Thi Thanh Thuy

d.
Objectives and scientific contents:
- To solve a optimal problem of transmission energy in the
space high-frequency waves .
- To synthetize the coordinate's circuits and optimize a
partycuarity transmission power of receivers and signal processing .
- To calculate and to put foward method to raise the
sensitivity of the receivers high-frequency selectively .
e.
Results :
• Science results:
* Based on the theoretical of the linear
space-
Euclit's
false (
Mincopski's space ) , we constructed real physics model of
linear space . This is the energy space of signal state .
*
We established the expressions of transmission power
coefficient of a four-pole network (M4C) to expressin the form a
pair supecalar matrix function of quadratics of the only variable
For this reason
,
we came to conclusions that the solution of
the combined problem on the linear system for signal
transmission will become the solution of problem on specific
values in quadratic form in the linear space - energy space of
signal state .
*
We solved a problem of the transmission high frequency

waves in the space ; To solved a problem optimize of energy of
the high frequency waves in the form values of incident and
reflected waves .
*
The authors calculated some of concrete circuit -super high
frequency and disgnated parameters for to obtain a
maximium
power
« •»
v:
• Training results:
There are 02 graduation theses having been defended from
the project's goal . In the next year , will be 02
graduation
continues .
PHAN CHINH BAO
CAO
1.
MUC LUC
Bao cao tom
tit
1
Brief report of project 3
Phan chfnh bao cao 4
1.
Muc luc 4
2.
Lai
mordau
4

3.
Noi dung chfnh 5
3.1.
Xay dung bai toan
truyen
nang lugng toi uu trong
khong gian song cao tan 5
3.2. Tdng hgp cac mach phoi hgp va toi uu hoa dac tfnh
truyen dat cong suat ciia he thong thu va
xir If
tfn hieu.
S
3.3 Tfnh toan va dua ra giai phap nang cao do nhay
ciia
thiet bi thu tan so cao co chgn
Igc i§
4.
Ket
luan
J.5
5.
Tai heu tham khao
J|3
2,
LCil
MO DAU
Trong kl thuat
viln
thong
,

mot trong nhirng chi tieu
ki
thuat ca ban
khi xay dung he thong thu va
xir If
tfn hieu la viec dam bao he sd truyen
tai cong suat tac dung cam
iing
vao anten thu tod phu tai dat gia tri
16n
nhat . Nang cao he sd truyen cong suat se lam tang chat lugng va
cir
ly
thong tin ( khi cong suat phat cung nhu cau
true
he thdng anten khong
thay ddi)
.Giai
quyet nhiem vu dat ra din
tdi
viec giai bai toan phdi hgp
giira cac khdi
chiic
nang
ciia
may thu
,
dac biet la tuyen sieu cao tan .
Ngay nay, vdi
nhiJng

tien bg nhay vgt ciia ky thuat
mdri
va c6ng
nghe che tao cac linh kien dien tu, hang
loat
linh kien mdi dugc dua vao
sii*
dung. Viec su dung cac linh kien mdi nhu cac
ph& ttr
td hop cao,
cic
linh kien lam viec d giai song sieu cao tan cang can phai doi hoi
ngJu^
cuu cac thuat toan tdi uu de phdi hgp chiing.
De tai nay la tiep ndi ciia de tai
"
Tdi
iru
hoa qua
trinh truyoi
nafl^
lugng tfn hieu dien trong mach dien tuyen tfnh va
trong
khdng
gia"
"• ^
sd
:
TN 03-05 cung do chinh nhdm tac gia nay
thirc

hien .
Ket qua
ciia
de tai ma sd TN 03-05
da
dat
Auoc
Ja:
1.
Xay dung mot mo hinh vat ly thirc cua
khong
g^an'WF^^^
|
chfnh la khong gian nang
lirgng
trang thai
tin
hi^u.
G^
^
* J
sang giai bai toan ve tri ridng, vec ta rieng trong khong gian gia
Oclit
(khOng
gian mincopski)
2.
Vdi mo
hinh
tren chiing toi da xay dung va giai bai toan match
dien voi cac thong sd la U, I cua dong dien. Dua bai toan cong suat

cue
dai ve viec quay vecta khong gian.
3.
Tfnh toan cho mot sd mach phdi hgp 3 phin tu
De tai
QT-05-11
nay se giai quyet tiep
nhOtig
van de sau :
1.
Xay dung bai toan truyen nang lugng tdi uu trong khong gian
song cao tan .
2.
Tdng hgp cac mach phdi hgp , nang cao cong suat thu
ciia
he
thdng thu va
xir
li tfn hieu .
3.
Tfnh toan va dua ra giai phap nang cao do nhay cho cac thiet bi
thu tin sd cao cd chon loc .
3.
NOI DUNG CHINH
3.1.
Xay dung bai toan truyen nang lugng tdi uu trong khong
gian song cao tan .
3.1.1,
Cdc todn
tu:

truyen dat trong khong gian song cao tdn .
Trong dai sdng sieu cao tan , khi giai bai toan truyen tfn hieu
cQng
nhu bai toan ly thuyet mach ,
ngu6i
ta
diing
cac tham sd sdng: sdng tai va
song phan xa thay cho cac tham sd dien ap va dong dien . Trong truang
hgp nay , dac tfnh ciia cac M2C va M4C cung dugc dac trung bdi cac
tham sd sdng : Mang 2
cue
dugc dac trung bdi he sd phan xa . M4C dac
trung bdi ma tran tan xa
S
va ma tran truyen dat T.
Tdng
quat,
quan he giua dien ap
U^,
dong dien
I^
vai sdng tai va
sdng phan xa tren cac cue ciia MnC dugc xac dinh :
Uk
=
ak
+
bk
Ik

-
^k
' \
Trong dd
a^,
b^
la sdng tdi va song phan xa chuan hoa tren
cue
thu
k
ciia
MnC
Xet vdi mang 2
cue
nhu hinh ve
U
1
fc
V
p
Hinh
1
VaiM2Cahmh(l)tac6:
U = a + b
I-a-b
Trong
dd:
b=ap
p =
—- : la he sd phan xa ciia M2C

z + p
*
z: Tdng trd ciia M2C
p:
Trd khang song ciia doan day ndi vdi M2C
Neu ta ggi khong gian sdng ciia trang thai tfn hieu ciia M4C bao
gdm cac vecta:
C^
=
ae^
+
be^
(1)
Trong dd
€3,6^
la vecta ca sd khong gian sdng trang thai tfn hieu,
thi dt dang thay ring, khong gian sdng (1) va khong gian kinh dien
v^
=
ue,
+ie2
la dang cau, va ma tran chuyen T
tir
ca sd
(€,,62)
sang ca sd
(€3,6^) CO
cau true:
^1
I

V^
(2)
Trong khong gian sdng trang thai tfn hieu, cong suat tac dung ciia
M2C,
hay
binh
phuang do dai vecta trang thai tfn hieu dugc xac dinh bdi
bieu thiic:
a^-b^
(3)
(5)
|V|
=P
Hay
P =
C,+JC,
(4)
Trong do J - ma tran gramma ciia vecta ca sd true giao chuan hoa
trong khong gian song trang thai tfn hieu. Ma tran J co ket cau:
Trong trudng hgp xet ta cd:
(ea.eb) = (eb,ej=0
Do dd khi nay ma tran J co ket cau:
1 0
J-
(6)
Trong mat phing Oclit, phuang trinh (3) la phuang trinh ciia dudng
hypecbol vai cac dudng tiem can la cac dudng phan giac
ciia
cac gdc toa
do (hinh 2).

Hinh 2
Tir
hinh ve, dt thay ring: gia tri khong doi cua cong suat tac dung
ciia M2C cd the nhan dugc v6i cac gia tri khac nhau ciia cac toa do a, b.
Han the nua, cac toa do a, b lien he v6i nhau bdi bieu thiic (3). TCr
sir
phu
thuoc giua cac toa do a, b co the tha'y ring, viec chuyen
tir
toa do nay sang
toa do khac cd the dugc thuc hien bing viec quay dudng hypecbol mot
gdc 9 nao dd, ma viec quay dd hoan toan khong lam thay ddi do dai
vecta.
3.1.2
. Gidi bdi todn cong sudt
cue
dai:
Neu mang 2 cue da cho dugc ndi
vdi
M4C tuyen tfnh
vdi
ma tran
sdng T. Thiet lap mdi lien he giira song tai va sdng phan xa tren dau vao
va dau ra ciia M4C (hinh 3)
Tacd
hay
b
a,
>i
c.

F
'a,'
kJ
C
I
~
T
T
T.C
T
>
32
•<
ba
-
—^
c,.
Hinh
3
T
M2
T22J
:,
(7;
\'
.^2_
)
P
Trong dd
Cj =(aib,)^,C2

=(b2a2)^
la vecta ma tran cot ciia cac sdng
tdi va sdng phan xa tren dau vao va dau ra ciia M4C.
va T
=
T
Ml
T
T
la ma tran truyen sdng ciia M4C
thi ta se nhan dugc M2C mdi vdi he sd phan xa P,.
Dac tfnh
ciia
M2C mdi dugc dac tnmg bdi cac bien mdi
aj,
bj.
Cac
bien
aj,
bi
lai dugc xem nhu la toa do ciia vecta
C,
cung trong khong gian
nang lugng trang thai tfn hieu. Va trong trudng hgp nay, ma tran truyen
sdng T cia M4C dugc xem nhu
toarftir
tuyen tfnh trong khong gian sdng
2 chilu,
thi6't
l|p

mdi quan
ht
giiia cac vecta trang thai tfn hieu tren diu
vao va dau ra ciia M4C.
Trong khong gian sdng trang thai tfn hieu, cong suat tac dung len
diu vao va diu ra ciia M4C dugc xac dinh bdi hieu cua cong suat sdng
tdfi
va cong suit sdng phan xa.
P.=a/-b,^
(8)
P,=a,'~b,'
(9)
Cac bieu thiic (8), (9) cd the viet dudi dang bieu thiic ciia cac dang
toan phuang:
Pi
=C/JC,
(10)
P2=C2^JC2
(11)
Hay vdi
chii
y (7), nd se dugc dua ve dang:
P,
=C2^(T^JT)C2
(12)
P2=C/(TJT'^)-'C,
(13)
Ddi vdi cac M4C tuyen tfnh tich
cue,
khong tdn hao, co tdn hao,

cong suit tac dung tren diu vao P, tuang
iing
se nhd han, bing, lan han
cong suat tac dung tren diu ra
Pj ciia
nd. Nghia la, toan
tir
T co the la toan
tii
gian, Unitar, toan tii co. Tren quan diem toan hgc, ma tran truyen sdng
T
CLia
M4C khong tdn hao thuc hien phep bien ddi toa do ciia vecta trong
khong gian sdng nang lugng trang thai tfn hieu, nhung khong lam thay
ddi do dai ciia vecta. Cdn trong ky thuat thu va truyen tfn hieu, cac M4C
khong tdn hao dugc
diing
de phdi hgp cac phan tii (cac khdi
chiic
nang)
ciia
he, dam bao he sd truyen tai cong suit
tir
ngudn tfn hieu tdi phu tai
dat gia tri
Idn
va de chgn
Igc
tfn hieu theo phd tin cua nd.
Phil

hgp
v6i
cac
bi^u
thiic (10)
-H
(13), he sd truyen cong suat
ciia
mang 4 cue cung dugc viet dudi dang bieu thiic ciia cac dang toan phuang
ciia
cimg mot bien ma tran
C,
hoac
C2:
P2.
C2^JC2
C;(TJT-)-'C,
Pi C2^(T-'JT)C2
Ci^JC,
Bieu thiic (14) cho phep dua viec giai bai toan xay dung he thdng
tuyen tfnh truyin tfn hieu vdi dac tfnh truyen dat tdi uu ve viec giai bai
toan tri rieng
ciia
cac dang toan phuang trong khong gian sdng nang
lugng trang thai tfn hieu va phan loai cac M4C theo dac tfnh nang lugng
ciia
nd.
5.i.3.
Mot so
kei

ludn:
Vdi cac
k^t
qua
nh$n
dugc cd the dua ra mot sd ket luan sau day:
1.
Khong gian nang lugng trang thai tfn
hi6u
cua mach dien tuyen
tfnh la mo hinh
vki
ly thuc cua khong gian tuyen tfnh. Ddi vai M2C thu
dgng, khong gian nang lugng trang thai tfn hieu la khong gian tuyen tfnh
vdi me-tric hypecbol. Trong khong gian binh phuong do dai vecta xac
dinh cong suit tac dung dugc
biic
xa hoac hap thu cua M2C. Mdi tuang
quan nay cd y nghia quan trgng trong thuc te xay dung he thdng truyen
tfn hieu, vi nd cho phep thiet lap mdi lien he giua viec quay vecta trong
khong gian vai viec bien doi cac mang 2
cue
bing cac mang 4
cue
khong
tdn hao ma vin dam bao dac tfnh
biic
xa, hoac hip thu nang lugng
ciia
nd.

2.
Tir viec phan tfch cac toan tir tuyen tfnh trong khong gian nang
lugng trang thai tfn hieu da thiet lap mdi lien he giira viec bien ddi cac
vecta bao toan do dai cua nd vai viec bien ddi cac M2C nhd cac M4C
tuyen tfnh khong tdn hao, va do do co the coi ma tran truyen dat
ciia
cac
M4C khong tdn hao nhu la ma tran
ciia
phep bien ddi tuyen tfnh khong
lam thay ddi do dai vecta.
3.
Tren ca sd phan tfch cac toan tir trong khong gian nang lugng
trang thai
tin
hieu da thiet lap dugc bieu thiic
ciia
he sd truyen dat cong
suit
ciia
M2C dudi dang cac cap ham ma tran vo
hu6ng
cua dang toan
phuang chi
ciia
1 bien sd.
Di6u
dd cho phep dua viec giai bai toan xay
dung he thdng truyen tfn hieu vdi dac tfnh truyen dat cong suat
cue

dai ve
bai toan tri rieng
ciia
dang toan phuang trong khong gian nang lugng
trang thai tfn hieu. Dieu nay co y nghia thuc te
Idn
trong
linh
vuc dien tir
viSn
thong,
3.2. Tong hgp cac mach phdi hgp va tdi uu dac
tinh
truyen dat
cong suat ciia he thdng thu va xir ly
tin
hieu .
3.2.1.
Bdi todn cong sudt
cue
dai:
Trong kl thuat
vi6n
thong , khi xay dung he thong thu va xir
If
tfn
hieu phai dam bao dugc he ssd truyin cong suit cue dai . Dieu nay cd y
ngliTa
rat
Idn

la : trong khi cong suit phat va cau
true ciia
he thdng anten
khong thay ddi , neu ta nang dugc cong suit thu se lam tang chat lugng va
tang cu ly thong tin . Trong
ki
thuat rada , nang cao he sd truyen cong
suit se lam tang cu ly phat hien muc tieu , ddng thdi cung tang kha nang
phat hien muc tieu cd dien tfch phan xa nhd .
Giai bai toan cong suit
cue
dai nay
ciia
may thu cao tin din den
bai toan phdi hgp giira cac khdi chiic nang ( hoac cac phin tir chiic nang )
ciia
tuyen sieu cao tin
ciia
may thu .
De sang td dieu nay , ta xet mot bai toan dan gian :
Xet viec truyen cong suit tac dung
til
ngudn tfn hieu cd tdng trd
trong
ZQ
=
Ro
+
JXQ
den phu tai

Zt
=
Rt
+
jX^.
(Xem
hinh 4 )
1=^
6
z„
J
Zt
Hinh
4
Cong suit tii ngudn truyen den phu tai dugc xac dinh la :
Pt=PRt
(15)
TUT
sa dd ta cd :
I-
Zo+Z,
(Ro+RO + J(Xo+XJ
Thay gia tri
ciia
I
tir
(16) vao (15) ta cd :
E^R,
(Ro+Rt)'+(Xo+X,)^
(16)

(17)
De cong suit tren phu tai dat gia tri
Idn
nhit,
trudc het miu sd phai
cue tieu ; hay :
Xo+Xj =0
(18)
Nghia la thanh phin khang
ciia
tdng trd ngudn va tdng trd phu tai
ddi nhau - Bing nhau ve tri sd nhung ngugc tfnh nhau . Khi dieu kien
(18)
dugc thuc hien , ta se co :
E^R
(Ro +
Rt)'
(19)
Dao ham bieu thiic (19) theo R, va cho dao ham triet tieu , ta se tim
dugc dieu kien , khi dd cong suit tac dung truyen tir ngudn tfn hieu den
phu tai dat gia tri cue
dai.
Dd chfnh la :
RpRo
(20)
Khi dd cong suit
cue
dai tren phu tai la :
P=P
=

^
t
^
t max
4Ro
(21)
Ket hgp dilu kien
(18)
vdi dilu kien (20), ta cd ;
P =P
*^t '
tl
z,-z,
4R.
(22)
10
Trong thuc te
,
khi xay dung he thdng thu va xir ly tfn hieu , dilu
kien
Z,
=
Z*
thudng khong dugc thuc hien , nen ngudi ta phai dung cac
mach
(thudng
la cac mach khong tdn hao ) mic giua ngudn tfn hieu va
phu tai
(hinh
5).

Hinh 5
Cac mach dien nay lam
chii:c
nang bien ddi tdng trd phu tai thanh
tdng trd cd gia tri mong mudn dam bao cong suit tac dung len phu tai dat
cue
dai.
Chiing dugc ggi la cac M4C phdi hgp .
Cdn vl mat toan hgc , nhu tfnh toan ly thuyet da chi ra d tren : viec
mic cac phin tir phdi hgp ding tri vdi cac phep bien ddi tuyen tfnh trong
khong gian nang lugng trang thai tin hieu , khong lam thay ddi do dai vec
ta.
3.2.2. Mo hinh tong qudt cua he thong thu vd
xii
ly tin hieu
He thdng thu va xir ly
tin
hieu n kenh bat ky dugc mo ta bing mo
hinh tdng quat (hinh 6).
Sx
s,
S2
s„
s,
Hinh 6
Trong dd cac mang nhilu cue loai phan xa
S^
dac trung cho khdi
ngudn tfn hieu ;
St

dac trung cho khdi phu tai ,c6n cac MnC loai true
thong
Si,S2,
Sn
dac trung cho cac khdi chiic nang
ciia
he thdng (phan
kenh, khuech dai ).
Ddi vci he thu va xir ly mot kenh ( he thdng dang dugc sir dung
rong
rai)
dd la cac M2C va M4C nhu hinh 7 .
p„
Zn
s,
S2
s„
p,
z,
Hinh 7
11
^
Trong dd cac M2C dac tnmg cho ngudn tfn hieu va phu tai , tfnh
chit cua nd dugc dac trung bdi he sd phan xa
P^,
P, hoac tdng trd phiic
Z^
va
Zt.
De he sd truyen dat cong suit tac dung tii ngudn tdi phu tai dat gia

tri
Idn
nhit , cin phai thuc hien phdi hgp giua cac M2C va M4C , cung
nhu giiia cac M4C . Bai toan phdi hgp gdm 3 loai sau day:
1.
Bai toan phdi hgp giira cac M2C
2.
Bai toan phdi hgp giira M2C va M4C
3.
Bai toan phdi hgp giiia cac M4C vdi nhau .
Xet M4C tuyen tfnh bit ki dugc dac tnmg bing ma
tran
truyin sdng
IT]
nhu hinh 8 . Diu vao va diu ra ciia M4C dugc ndi
v6i
ngudn tfn hieu
va p hu tai vdi he sd phan xa phiic
P^
va
P^
tuang
iing
.
p„
a,—p-
^b,
[T]
-«—a^
-1—b,

Pt
Hinh 8
Theo ket qua tfnh toan (14) da cho ta :
Kp,
= ^'
C2^JC2
hoac
Kp^^
=
PI
C2^{T^n)C2
?2 _C,^(TJT-')"'Ci
(23)
(24)
Bai toan xac dinh dilu kien truyin tai cong suit tac dung
cue
dai
cua M4C dugc dua vl giai bai toan gia tri rieng ddi vai cac dang toan
phuang tuong
img
vdi cong suit tac dung tren dau vao va diu ra
ciia
M4C
trong khong gian trang thai tfn hieu . dilu nay da chiing minh trong 3.1.
Tir
If
thuyet ma tran , gia tri cue dai
ciia
bieu
thii:c

(23) va (24) triing
vdi gia tri rieng
ciia
cac ma tran dac trung :
Kp=JTJT
(25)
Ka=TJrj (26)
Dl dang thay ring , cac ma tran J ,
T^JT
,
TJT^
la cac ma tran
Hecmit , do dd cac tri rieng
Xi
{\Xi)
cua ma tran dac trung
Kp (K^)
la sd
thuc . Mot trong cac gia tri dd
X\
([i\)
xac dinh he sd truyin cue dai cua
M4C cd the dat dugc khi truyin tfn hieu theo chilu thuan , gia tri cdn lai
^2(1^2) - khi
truyin theo chilu ngugc
lai.
12
Ivr-
Co the chiing minh
dugfc ring

gia tri truyen dat cong suat
cue
dai
cua M4C la khong doi , doi voi cac bien doi khong ton hao . Thuc vay ,
gia
sir trfin dSu
vao va dau ra cua mang 4
cue
T duoc mdc hen thong voi
cac mang 4
cue
khdng ton hao
Ta,
Tp voi cac ma
trSn
truyen song
[Ta]
,
[Tp]
(xem
hinh
9) . Khi nay , doi
v6i
he thong truyen tin hieu nay , ma
tran dac trung se co dang :
[Ta]
[T] [Tp]
K„
=TJT*J
Kp=JT-'JT

Hinh
9
(27)
(28)
Trong do:
T =
T,rT^
(29)
Bieu thiic (27) va (28) co the viet lai dudi dang :
K
=T„TT„JT„*T*T:J
(30)
K,
JT;T*T;JT„TTP
(31)
Vi cac ma tran
Ta
va
Tp ciia
M4C khong ton hao la gia Unita nen :
TpJT;
= J
T:J
=
JT„-'
T;JT„=J
JT;=Tp-'j
(32)
Cac bieu thiic (30), (31) duoc viet lai :
K,

K,
(33)
Trong dd :
Ka=TJT
J
Kp=JT^JT
Bieu thiic (33) chiing td cac ma tran
K^
,
K^
(Kp,
Kp)
la ddng dang ,
tii:c
la cac gia tri rieng
ciia
chiing la triing nhau .
VI y nghia vat
If,
dilu nay cd nghia la khi thiet lap cac mach
phdi hgp khong tdn hao vai diu vao va diu ra
ciia
M4C thi dac tfnh truyin
tai cong suit tac dung
cue
dai
ciia
M4C la khong thay
ddi;
nhung nd cho

phep phdi hgp dugc M4C theo ca diu vao va diu ra . M4C khong ton hao
chfnh la nhung bg bien ddi tdng trd
If
tudng , bg quay pha
If
tudng .
13
B6
bien doi tong trd li tudng lam thay ddi mdi tuang quan giira
sdng tdi va sdng phan xa, nhung khong lam thay ddi do dai vecta, do dd
nd xac dinh dugc dilu kien phdi hgp giira ngudn va tai, ciing nhu giira cac
M2C va M4C. Nhu vay he thdng xir ly tfn hieu ed dac trung truyin dat
cue dai hoac dac tfnh tap tdi uu.
Cac bg quay pha
If
tudng khong lam thay ddi tuang quan sdng tdi
va sdng phan xa. Nghia la khong lam thay ddi ti sd
U,hAJ,ap
diing de xay
dung he thu va xir ly tfn hieu vdi dac tfnh chgn
Igc
tdi uu.
3.2.3 Tinh tri rieng vd vec
ta
rieng cho M4C khong ton hao
Viec tfnh toan cac tham sd
ciia
M4C khong ton hao (de dat cong
suit truyin dat
cue

dai) din tdi viec tfnh cac tri rieng va cac ham rieng
ciia ma tran truyin sdng , ma tran tan xa .
Trong he thdng thu tfn hieu (hinh 9) ta thay the cac M2C ngudn va
phu tai bing viec ndi giira ngudn va phu tai v6i cac M4C khong tdn hao
cd cac ma tran tan xa
[S„] , [SJ
hoac cac ma tran truyin
sdngCT^]
,
[TJ
ta
dugc he thdng nhu
(
hinh 10 ).
- ^w
I
1
b,
^
I
1
b2,
I
1
boo
0
:0
[Sn]
[Tn]
[SJ

[T.]
P.
P2
Hinh 10
Ta cd cac ma tran tan xa
[S^]
va
[S,]
da dugc tfnh nhu sau :
[s„]
[s,
_p;ej2.p
P.
eJ""^l-|P,|^
Pn
e^"'Vl-|Pt|'
-P;eJ^'"
(34)
(35)
Sir
dung moi lien he giua cac phan tu
ciia
ma tran tan xa S va ma
tran truyen song T cua mang 4
cue
, ta se nhan duoc eac ma tran truyen
song
[TJ
va [T,] tuong
iing

:
[T„]
;
i-p„
-jip
-?y'
(36)
[Tj
=
^
1-P,
•jv
P,e-J"'
P.e
J¥
(37)
14
Tiir
ly
thuyet
cua
phep bien
ddi
tuyen tfnh
, vec ta
C20 =[b20'0r
(hinh 10)
cd
thi
dugc xem nhu vec

ta
rieng
iing
v6i
gia tri
rieng
^1 ciia
phep bien ddi tuyen tfnh
x
vdi ma tran bien ddi Kp (25)
,
khi mang
4
cue
da dugc phdi hgp theo diu vao
.
Tuang
tu ,
vec
ta
Cjo =[o,b|of
(hinh
10 ) cd the
xem
nhu
vec
ta
rieng
iing
v6i gia

tri
rieng
Hi ciia
phep bien ddi tuyen tfnh
U
vdi ma tran
bien ddi
K;'
=
(TJT''J)"'
khi mang 4 cue da dugc phdi hgp theo diu
ra ,
Mat khac
, td
hgp cac ddng toa do
ciia
tat ca
cac vec
ta
rieng
ciia
phep bien ddi tuyen tfnh U v6i ma tran bien ddi
A ,
tuang
iing vdfi
gia
tri
rieng
l^
triing

vdi td
hgp
cac
nghiem khac khong
ciia
he
phuang trinh
tuyen tfnh tren ; nen cd the
viet:
(A-^E)Xo=0
Cu the vai trudng hgp dang
xet,
ta cd
:
(Kp-^,E)C2=0
(38)
(K;'-^IE)C,
=0
(39)
Trong
dd:
C,-[T;']C,O
(40)
C2=[T,]C2o
(41)
va
^i
,
10.,
la gia tri rieng

ciia
cac ma tran dac trung Kp (25) va
Ka
(26)
^1
=T(1^IIP
~1*^22P
+V(^"P
"^^22p)
~4K-i2pK2ip)
-~(1*^11P
~1^22P
-V(^11P
•'•^22p)
-4K,2pK2ip)
1^1
-"(l^lla
~1^22a
+V(^lla +1^22a)
"
41^12a*^21a
)
P-I
-T(Kiia
-1^22a
^^(^Ila
+'*^22a)
"^K,2^^210)
(42)
^llp

-Ml
1,1
I-),
I-,
1
*21
'^lla
^
Ml
'11
M2 M2
1^12p
-
M2M1
T22T21
1^^120
-
*llT2l
M2^22
*^21p
-
MI M2
^21
^
22
1^21a
-
T^21
Ml
T22Ti2

K
ITII-I]
l-i-iin
22p~M2M2
*22'22
^^22a-^2M21
^22^22
Dau
*
bieu thi mdi lien hgp phiic
.
Sau khi thiet
lap
cac ma tran
[TJ
(36)
va [TJ (37)
,
cac vec
ta
ma tran
C,
(40),
Cj
(41) thay vao cac bieu thiic (38), (39) va thuc hien mot vai bien
ddi,
ta nhan duac
:
15
(Kjjp -A,i) +

K,2pPto
-0
K21P
+
(K22P + ^i )Pto
-
0
-(K22a+h)PnO+K,2„=0
-(K2,pPno+(Kna-^^i) = 0
Tir cac bieu thiic tren , ta tim duac :
Pfo
-(A,,
K],p)K,2p
Hay
to
•(X,+K22J-'K
22P
2lp
(43)
PnO -(^220 +)^l) ^12(
Hay
(44)
PnO -(^ila~l^l)1^21a
Trong cac bieu thiic tren
P„o
va
P^gla
cac he sd phan xa tuang
duang cua ngudn va phu
tai;

khi nay he thong s truyen tin hieu (hinh 10 )
cd hhe ssd truyin cong suit cue dai . Dilu nay cd nghia la M4C phdi hgp
hoan toan theo ca diu vao va diu ra .
3.2.4. Mot so kei luan :
1.
Dac tfnh truyin dat cong suit cue dai cua M4C tuyen tfnh bit ki
la khong thay ddi ddi vdi cac bien ddi khong tdn hao . Cac gia
tri rieng
ciia
cac ma tran dac trung M4C chfnh la gia tri
cue
dai
cua he sd truyin cong suit cua he thdng thu tfn hieu .
2.
Cac phan tii
ciia
ma tran truyin sdng
ciia
cac mach phdi hgp tren
diu vao va diu ra cua M4C dugc xac dinh nhu ddng toa do
ciia
cac vec ta rieng
iing v6i
cac gia tri rieng
ciia
cac ma tran dac
trung cua M4C .
3.
Tren quan diem toan hgc , viec thiet lap cac mach phdi hgp tren
diu vao va diu ra

ciia
M4C ( hinh 9) tuang
iing
vai viec dua cac
dang toan phuang (23), (24) ve true chfnh .
3.3.
Mot sd
tinh
toan va giai phap nang cao do nhay thiet bi thu
tan sd cao,
3.3.1.
Tinh cho 1 modun co SF7900 :
Xet mang 4 cue la modun khuech dai trasistor trudng cao tin
SF7900 , tai tin sd 2Ghz . Ma tran tan xa cd ket cau :
[s]
L^21
'22
0,285eJ"^" 0,086eJ^^"
2,19e
J''"
0,59e-^''"
(45)
16
Dua vao mdi
h^n
he giua ma tran tan xa va ma tran truyin sdng cua
M4C
,
ta xac dinh dugc ma tran truyin sdng T cua modun transistor
SF7900 ling vdi ma tran tan xa S :

[T] =
(46)
0,45662e"-'^^"
0,289406e"J^^"
0,130I369eJ''^"
0,039046^^^'^"
Theo cdng thiic (42) , xac dinh dugc cac gia tri rieng cua ma tran
dac trung
M4C:
^,=0,1059
;
>.2=0,014536
(47)
Sir dung cong thiic (43) , (44) tfnh dugc cac gia tri
ciia
he sd phan
xa cua ngudn vdi tai ding
tri:
P„o
=0,4969eJ^"'"
va
P^Q
=0,69596^'^'"
(48)
Trong mot tfnh toan khac , phan tfch ciu
true ciia
M4C bat ki ;
chiing ta cd M4C [T] cd gia tri truyin dat cong suit
cue
dai tuang duang

vai 3 mang 4
cue
[T,],
[To]
,
[T2]
nhu hinh
11:
[T] [T,]
[To]
[TJ
Hinh 11
Trong dd :
[TQ]
la M4C
"
hat nhan" xac dinh gia tri truyin tai cong
suit cue dai , con cac M4C [TJ va
[T2]
xac dinh dieu kien phdi hgp
ciia
M4C trong he thdng thu tfn hieu .
Cac ma tran truyin sdng tuang
iing
vdi 3 mang 4
cue
nay la :
[T,l
i
l-|P„ol

-J9
e
p' p-"*^
P
e'J'''
(49)
lx.1
V^
0
0 JA.
(50)
[T.] =
VI-|P:
to
L
-JV
P
pJ'''
JM'
Ptoe
(51)
Ap dung cu the cho trudng hgp nay , ta cd :
17
0AIHOCQU6>
GIA
H4
i-M,
TRUNG TAM THONG
T\i-i
TH.

r
v/.
D/
/5-61)
[T,]=
1,152
-J(P
0,4969e"J*-"'""^'
0,49696^^2'^''-'''''
0.32452 0
0 0.12050
(52)
(53)
[T.]^
1,3924
0.6959e
.4^.3'-V)
0.6959e
.|{-»''"'.3 -V)
(54)
Nhu vay
,
vai cac tham sd
ciia
ma tran
[S]
biet truac
ciia
M4C bat
ki

,
chiing ta cd the tfnh dugc cac tham sd
ciia
cac M4C phdi hgp dl dat
dugc cong suit truyen dat
cue
dai .
3.3.2. Tong hgp cdc mach phoi hgp detoi
itii
hod cong
sudt
truyen dat vd
tdng
do nhay cua he thong thu tin hieu cao tdn .
Bai loan dat ra la budc cudi cimg . ta phai tfnh dugc cac tham sd vat
ly
ciia
mach phdi hgp dl
dai
dugc cong suat
cue
dai
ciui
ca he
ihdng ihu
tin
hieu . Ve nguyen tic . mach phdi hgp cang dan gian . cang ft phan
lir.
cang lot . Dac biet la vdi dai song sieu cao tan .
Trong mot cong trinh khac . chung toi da chirng minh dugc rang :

- Khi phdi hgp cac much 3 phan tir (
hinh
T hoac hinh 11
}
. neu
chgn cac tham sd pha
cp ,
\\f khac nhau
thi
gia tri cac tham sd
vat li
ciia
mach phdi hgp cung nhu tfnh chat
ciia
chiing sc
khac nhau .
- Sir dung cac mach phdi hgp 3 phan tir cho phep thuc
hien
\
ice
tdi uu hoa dac tuyen truyen dat cong suai
ciia he
thdng
trii\cn
tfn
l-iieu
. Dieu khien dugc dac tuyen
bien
do tan sd . pha tan
sdciia

he thdng .
- Neu sir dung cac mach phdi hgp 2 phan tir khong the tdi uu
hoa dac tuyen truyen dat
ciui
he thdng .
Hcyn the nCra
. cac
mach phdi hgp 2 phan lir chi co the sir dung lam mach phdi
hgp trong
ciic
dieu kien xac dinh .
Vdi modun khuech dai
ciia (3.3.1)
chiing ta da tfnh dugc cac tham
sdca
ban . (hinh
12)
_/'
_ ^_______,, , ,
A,
T
Hinh
12
Y2„=-jHp-'[sin(Y + (p)-|Pn|sin(Y +
G.+(p)]
(55)
Z
=
H[cos(Y
+

(p)
+
|Pjcos(y
+
9,
+(p)]-l
(56)
^H,[cos(a-(p)-|Pjcos(a-e,-(p)]-l
Y.
Y:3=-jQ,p"'[sin(v'
+
M')-|P.|sin(v'
+
e,+v|;)]
(58)
Q[cos(v-vi;)-|P
lcos(v-0,
-
v|y)J-l
7
=
Y„
Qi
[cos(\''
+
v|j)
+
jP,
[cos(v' +
9-,

+
\\i)\-
y7„
(59)
(60)
Trong do cac gia tri : H ,
H,
. Q,
Q,
,a . y . v
,
v'
la cac gia tri
diroc
tinh theo
cac cong thiic sau day :
U
P„„cosO+P„„
(i-ii',„r)(i-ip„r)
ii+2lP„ cosO+
P
0
\
(i-ip„orKi-ip„i")
1
+
:P,„
COS(3
4-
P,

\
(l-jp,J")(J~lp,i")
l-2|P,„|cos(l
+ |P„
\
(i-iPnlHl IP,!")
y =
arctg—
ll',JsinO
a
-
arcli!
V
=
arctu
\' = arctu
l-|P„„!cosO
|P„„JMnO
|P.„jsinP
l
+ [P,„|cosP
P.JsinP
(61)
(62)
(63)
(64)
(65)
(66)
(67)
(68)

Ncii
chon mach phoi hop hinh T va chon cac
ihani
so
jiha (p=vj/=90
ta
SC
xac dinh diroc ;
L.„=2,22.10-^H
'2a"
C,a=7,32.10-''F
;
C,a=l,76.10-^'F
;
C,p=19,85.10-'-F
;
^^=1,26.10'-?
;
L2(3=2,67.10-^H
Lap trinh cho cac tham sd
(p
va
y
cac gia tri khac nhau , tii dd tinh
dugc cac gia tri tham sd vat
If ciia
cac phan tir
ciia
mach phdi hgp . Ta cd
bang ket qua sau day :

Bang 1. Mach phdi hgp hinh T
9
V
Mach phdi hgp tren dau vao Mach phdi hgp tren dau ra
Ket cau
Giii tri tham sd Ket cau
Gia tri tham
sd^
145*'
20"
C,
=
1.1.10'-
L,
=
2,6.10'
C.=
1.2.10'-
0 CfiV
L|
=
1,2.10"
L,
=
3,0.10-"
L,
=
3.1.10'"
147"
28'

149"
36"
.SI"
I
-"
45"
C,
=
1.1.10'=
L,
=
2.7.i()-"
C,=
1.2.10"
51.
C,
=
1.0.10'-
L:
=
2.8.10"
C.
=
1.2.10'
=
C,-9.6.10"
L,
=
2.9.10"
C=

1.1.10'
=
L, =
1,2.10"
^
= 2,7.10"
C,
=
2,3.10"
L|
=
1,2.10"
L,
= 2,5.10"
C.
=
7,8.10'^
L|
=
1.1.10"
L,
=
2.4.10"
C,
=
4.7.10'=
20
153"
53"
0—

Cl
II
II
C:
II
II
>L2
,
0
C, = 9,1.10"
L2 =
3,0.10"
C,
=
1,1.10"
0
CTfL
L,
=9,6.10'"
L2 =
2,3.10"
Q =
3,4.10"
156"
61"
^h
13
C, = 8,5.10
L2 =
3,1.10"

C.=
1.0.10'=
-i()
L, = 7,8.10
L.
=
2,3.10"
C,
=
2,1.10'=
158"
70"
C,
=
8.0.10'-
L,
= 3.2.10"
C,=
1.0.10'=
5
L, =
5.5.10
Id
L,
=
2,3.10"
C,
=
2,1.10'=
160"

78"
162"
86"
C, = 7.5.10
L,
=
3.4.10"
C
= 9.7.10"
C, =
7.0.10"
L,
= 3.6.10"
C,
= 9.2.10'=
-• L, = 2,5.10'"
j
L,
= 2.4.10"
, '
C-,
=
1.7.10'=
C, =4.7.10"
L,
= 2.6.10"
C,=
l,4.10-'=
165
cii

95
C'l
C, = 6.5.10"
L:
=
3.8.10"
C,
=
8.8.10'=
C, = 9.9.10'=
L,
=
2.8.10"
C-,=
1.1.10'=
21
9
145"
20"
147"
28"
149"
36"
1
i:
|t>
Bang 2. Mach phdi hgp hinh
11
Mach
Igc

phdi hgp dau vao
a^
Kit
ca'u mach
loc phdi hgp
0
,
AVI
0
.
T-
I
i_
! •
^
T " T ""
i
1
151
=
•: '^^
[
^
1
1
[
45"
!
f
^

T
••
1
15.3"
5.3"
1 iTy-ll
i
156
61"
3
^
±
•,
1
CO*'
1-^8
70"
1 ••'• i
J-
-1-
-
1
160"
! ' —"" 1 =
78"
i
J_

-L
.

^
1
162"
86"
-
-
Gia tri phan tir
C, = 5,2.10"
L.
=
2.4.10'"
C,
=
5.6.10'"
C, = 3.2.10"
L,
=
3,9.10'"
C,
= 3.5.10"
C, = 2.3.10"
L,
=
5.4.10'"
C,
=
2.6.10"
C, = 1.8.10"
L,
= 6.9.10-'"

C,
=
2,1.10"
C, =
1.5.10"
L,
=
8.4.10'"
C,=
1.8.10"
C, = 1.3.10"
L,
= 9.9.10'"
C,=
1.5.10"
C,
=
1.1.10"
L,
= 1.1.10"
C,=
1.4.10"
C, =9.6.10'=
L,=
1.1.10"
C,=
1.2.10"
C|
=
8.5.10'=

L,=
1.4.10'"
C,=
1.1.10"
j
165"
95"
=
C,
=
7.7.10'-
L,-
1.6.10"
C-
1.0.10"
Mach
Igc
phdi hgp dau ra
ap
Ke't cau mach
loc phdi hgp
i
-
i
-
•
V-
1
1
.

1
^:
.
-
=
1
II
1
=
Gia tri tham so
L,
=
1,6.10"
L,=
1,7.10"
L-,
= 4.0.10"
C,
=
7,8.10'-
L,
=
8,4.10'"
L,=
1,8.10"
L,
= 5.2.10"
C,
=
2,4.10'"

r,
=
56
10'"
,
>
• • —
:
•
=
*
.
-
i
7
c''
~^
{•-•-
:^
: :
L, = 5.2.10"
C,
=
2.4.10'"
C^
=
5.6.10'"
€,
= 2.1.10"
L,

= 3.7.10'=
C,=
1.5.10'=
L, = 2.4.10"
C,
=
2.5.10'=
C
=
8.6.10'''
L, =5.5.10'"
C=
1.9.10'=
C-,
=
4.6.10"
L, = 2.5.10"
C,=
1.6.10'=
C-= 1.7.10"
L, = 2.5.10"
C=
1.4.10"
L-,
=
8.7.10'
L, = 2.5.10"
C,
= 3.1.10'=
L;

=
2.2.10'
11
^
4. KET LUAN
De tai
QT-05-11
da giai quyet dugc cac va'n de sau :
1.
xay
dung bai toan tdi uu truyen nang lugng trong khong gian sdng
cao tan : Bai toan nang lugng tdi uu dugc quy ve bai toan tfnh tri
rieng cua dang toan phuang trong khong gian nang lugng trang thai
tin
hieu .
2.
Tdng hgp cac mach phdi hgp va tdi uu dac tfnh truyen dat cong suat
ciia
he thdng thu va xir
If
tfn hieu : Bai toan tdi uu cong suat trong he
thdng thu tfn hieu chfnh la bai toan phdi hgp giua cac M4C vai nhau .
M2C va M4C , M2C
vdi
nhau di khong cd tdn hao d dau vao va dau
ra , nhirng dat cong suat tac dung
cue
dai . Cac M4C khong tdn hao
dat dugc cac yeu cau tren la M4C khong tdn hao gdm bg bien ddi
tdng trd

h'
tudng , bg quay pha va bg bien ddi tdng trd
If
tudng .
Tliam
sd
ciia
M4C nay dugc tfnh qua cac gia tri rieng va vec ta rieng
3.
Mot sd tfnh toan va giai phap nang cao dg nhay thiet bi thu sieu cao
tan : Tir cac tham sd
ciia
1
modul
cu the cd the xay
dimg
dugc cac
M4C phdi hgp khong tdn hao gdm 3 phan tir de nang cao do nhay va
cong suat
ciia
he thdng thu va xir
If tin
hieu .
5.
Tai lieu tham khao.
[I].
Vu Thanh Thai va cac tac gia - Tdi uu hoa qua
tiinh
truyen
nang luang tfn hieu dien trong mach dien tuyen tfnh va trong

khong gian . De tai TN 03-05
-
DHKHTN nam 2004
[2].
Dd Huy Giac . Vu Thanh
Thai -
Khong gian nang
hrang
trang
thai tfn hieu
ciia
mach dien tuyen tfnh va cac dac trung
co"
ban
ciia
no Tap chi khoa hgc va cong nghe ( Tap
XXXVl
.1.
1998 ) *
|3].Dd Huy Giac
,
Vu Thanh Thai - Khong gian nang lugng song
trang thai
tin
hieu
ciia
mach dien tuyen tfnh va cac dac tfnh co'
biin
ciia
nd Tap

chi
khoa hgc va cong nghe (Tap
XXXVIl.
6
.1999).
23