Tiểu luận môn hệ hỗ trợ quyết định HỖ TRỢ RA QUYẾT ĐỊNH DỰ ÁN NETGAME VÀ PHÂN TÍCH DỮ LIỆU KHẢO SÁT CHẤT LƯỢNG IN TRONG IN OFFSET



   

 !"
#$%""&&#

 !"#$"%
"'%() & &'()*
*''(+,-./0%1"%"23
"*"$43"%1
&43"%#
56-7%
+",

--
.!,

8+9:-7;+<=>-?@A?B*-(C=DEFG+-7H+I<-JAK(LMNO
(P6(P6Q*RMS-(T5UV-7W+Q*N-77(,
(N-7+-IX*Y-7Z8+=5+=([*Z\=@F(AM<=*]6F^-(I_=5AM`-
IW=Za-b+<-=([*JAK;RA*(P*()-7EF=5P-7?Aa==(V+7+6-
(Q*=cd=W+=5UV-7&.\Ie*;+,=D=5P-7(Q*bf-\MD(P6IX=g*([**(P*()-7
EFIUh*=+<d*c-Z8+FN-(Q*F\=(EPEF9\5C=(iAS*(Ia+Z8+(Q*Z+j--7\-(
(P6Q*RMS-(*/-7-(U*R*-7\-((P6Q*k(Ac=b(R*&l9\FN-
(Q*mFG+-*(@-=(\-(*nF>- & &'
()*IX=c-=@F(U8-7op-*()-7EFJA6=q-7;Ag+(Q*=5j-98d*/-7-(U
-(i-7;Ag+-l+*(AM,-D=(nP9Ac-Z`9r-(Zs*56JAM<=It-(=5P-7b+-(=<DGX(uD
b(P6(Q*v&<Ab(N-7*l-(i-79V+(U8-7op-DoWM;nP*]6=(LM=(^EF-7(r
;\+=(A(PW*(-\M*]6EF5C=b(l*l=(_(P\-=(+,-IUh*&u=9L--i6DEFG+-
*(@-=(\-(*nF>-=(LM&

.
 6A*Y-7DEFG+-bS-(*()*JAK(LMN=5P-7(P6(P6Q*RM
S-(Z\(LM & &'()*=(c=ow+o\P?[*b(xED-+`F=+-I_=+<d=y*
=(s*(+,-?[F,-(*6PIzd*]6F^-(9\=5AM`-IW=b+<-=([**(P=(<(,F6+?6A&
5@-=5Q-7&

56-73
&D-7\M%=(R-7!-{F3"%#
/0123456706284

96284:
;
|\+=(A(PW*(7wF;6*(U>-7*(S-(&
(U>-7%9\=5^-(;\MFu=?ab+<-=([*=g-7JA6-Z`(,('=5h
56JAM<=It-(7wF*R*b(R+-+,FD*CA=5)*D*@MJAM<=It-(*]6(,('
=5h56JAM<=It-(*Y-7Fu=?aZSoy;\+=cdFpAI_o}o\-7*(PZ+,*
=5+_-b(6+=(s*=<&
(U>-73I+Z\PZ+,*b(6+=(R*oi9+,AI_('=5h56JAM<=
It-(&(U>-7-\M7+8+=(+,AZ`Z+,*d(@-98doi9+,ADd(~dIPIu
9h+=(N-7=+--•P5F6=+P-6+-I_d(@-98dD*@MJAM<=It-(*Y-7Fu=
?a9h+I+_FZ\7+n+=(Ac==5+_-b(6+*@MJAM<=It-(€1&
(U>-71.c-oy-7-(i-7b+<-=([**(U>-7%Z\*(U>-73I+
Z\P[-7oy-7&wF3[-7oy-7?6A
4 •-7oy-7%Zc-oy-7b+<-=([*G@Mos-7*@MJAM<=It-(
*]6(,('=5h56JAM<=It-(*(U>-7%*Y-7Fu=?ad(U>-7
d(Rd=S-(=PR-=\+*(S-(I_('=5h56JAM<=It-(=5P-7Z+,*
d(@-=S*(Z\IR-(7+RosR-+-(oP6-(ot*(Zy+-=E5-E=
76FE&
4 •-7oy-73‚@Mos-7*(U>-7=5^-(oEFPd(@-=S*(oi9+,A
;ƒ-77+n+=(Ac=€1&(@-=S*(oi9+,A=(a-7bj*(C=9Uh-7

?n-d(„F*]6*R*FRM+-*Y-7Zc=9+,A+-=W+*N-7=M+-
56-71
••?E=I_7+)d;6-9X-(IWP*N-7=M56-(i-7JAM<=It-(
(hd9SZ\b(P6(Q*=5P-7Z+,*?n-GAC=*/-7-(U=5P-7b+-(
oP6-(&
6<=4>?@AB

?C? 6D2428E@
(EPEE-Z\ *P==0P5=P-…%†2$‡
,('=5h56JAM<=It-(9+j-b<=-(i-7=\+-7AMj-=5S=A,*]6*R**R-(@-
Z8+b(n-{-7*]6FRM=S-(I_-@-7*6P*(C=9Uh-7JAM<=It-(&l9\Fu=(,('
=5hos6=5j-FRM=S-(o\-(*(P-(i-7-7UV+56JAM<=It-(JAn-9KI_7+n+JAM<=
*R*ZC-I`*l=S-(*(C=;R-*CA=5)*&
?CFD056G46H6I40JKEL568695MNMKOPQR5ST46
u=*R*((^-(oA-7Z`*R*=(\-(d(L-*]6Fu=(,('=5h56JAM<=It-(
…€€ ToE*+?+P-?AddP5=?M?=EF‡Z\JA6-(,7+i6*()-79\?Hoy-7*R*b(R+
-+,FIa+=(PW+…o+69P7‡Doi9+,A…o6=6‡Z\FN(^-(…FPoE9‡&a+Z8+-(i-7
-7UV+=(+<=b<(,=(a-7€€ */-7-(U-(i-7-7UV+?Hoy-7(,=(a-7DI+`A
JA6-=5Q-79\(+_AIUh**R*=(\-(d(L--\MIUh*=(+<=b<-(U=(<-\P&7UV+
?Hoy-7*L-d(n+;+<=*l=(_MjA*LA*R+7^O€€ &7UV+=(+<=b<d(n+;+<=
IUh*€€ *l=(_*A-7*Cd*R+7^&
56-7#
U46?@V6U4668695MNMKOPQR5ST46
R*bk=(Ac=F8+*l-(+`An-((UO-7I<-*R*=(\-(d(L-Ia+=(PW+Doi
9+,ADZ\FN(^-(ˆZSoy-(U7+6Po+,-Iw(Q6(6M*>?O oi9+,AJA6-(,&
7P\+56=5S=A,-(@-=WP*/-7*A-7*Cd*R*b(n-{-7;+_Ao+}-Z\?Hoy-7
FN(^-(=5P-7-(i-7(^-(=([*F8+&
6& 6G46H6I4SW256XY2@
q*R*(-(^-*]6-7UV+?Hoy-7D=(\-(d(L-Ia+=(PW+9\=P\-;u(,
=(a-7&R*(oY-7(,=(a-7D(U8-7op-*R*(Zc-(\-(*]6(,=(a-7Z\=(_

(+,-*R*=5n9V+*]6(,=(a-7I`A=(N-7JA6=(\-(d(L-Ia+=(PW+&|E E==7Q+
*R*M<A=a-\M;ƒ-7*R*b(R+-+,F*>?O=5+=([*…b-P‰9Eo7E;6?E‡D-7N--7i
(\-(  Iu-7  …6*=+P-  96-7A67E‡D  Z\  -7N-  -7i  =5^-(  ;\M  …5Ed5E?E-=6=+P-
96-7A67E‡&R*M<A=ab(R*-(U-d(L-*[-7Z\d(L-F`FD*R*(=([*9UA=5i
oi9+,AD*R*=(Ac==PR-IUh*oY-7=(UV-7b(N-7IUh*-(c-=([*;O+-7UV+
oY-7&
 
56-7Š
(+=(+<=b<=(\-(d(L-Ia+=(PW+*]6Fu=€€ DI+`AJA6-=5Q-79\-(c-
566+9\-7UV+oY-7*]6-l&u=€€ *l=(_*(‹*lFu=-7UV+oY-7D-(U-7
*/-7*l=(_*l-(+`A-7UV+oY-7&u=?a-7UV+oY-7*(‹JA6-=@FI<-b(S6
*W-(('=5hJAM<=It-(*l=S-(;`Fe=*]6€€ DFu=?ab(R*9W+*l=(_oY-7
€€ Fu=*R*(5C==(\-(=(y*&N+b(+-7UV+56JAM<=It-(oY-7€€ Fu=
*R*(=5s*=+<dD-(U-7IN+9)*(Q56JAM<=It-(os6=5j-Fu=;6-*aZC-Z\;6-
*aZC-9W+?Hoy-7€€ &(UZcM;6-JAM<=It-(*l=(_IUh*GEF9\d(L-
FO5u-7*]6€€ &
(+<=b<=(\-(d(L-Ia+=(PW+*]6€€ d(n+*@-;ƒ-77+i6=S-(o}?H
oy-7Z\=S-(F`FoŒP…•9EG+;+9+=M‡&.Soy*>*(<(x+TIRd=(^o}?Hoy-7
-(U-7b(N-7F`FoŒPZ^(,=(a-7*(‹;6P7wF*R**@A(x+IXIUh*9cd=5^-(
?•-&7Uh*9W+-7N--7i9,-(…*PFF6-o96-7A67E‡*A-7*Cd*(P-7UV+oY-7
-(+`A*([*-{-7(>-D-(U-79W+I:+(x+-7UV+oY-7d(n+6F(+_AZ`*R*9,-(
Il&(L--(+`A*R*€€ ?Hoy-7-7N--7i9,-(&
  !"#$%&'()* +
>?O=5+=([*;6P7wF-(i-77^-7UV+oY-7;+<=Z`*R*(=([*(,=(a-7
Zc-(\-(*/-7-(U*R*(oY-7(,=(a-7Il&(UV-7=(^*R*=5+=([*GA-7
JA6-(;\+=PR-*L-IUh*7+n+d(n+IUh**A-7*Cd*(P€€ D?6AIl=(^€€
F8+*l=(_56JAM<=It-(&u=-7PW+9,9\=5UV-7(hd€€ IUh*oY-7I_
(AC-9AM,--7UV+56JAM<=It-(&Ž)*-\M€€ 9\Fu=d(U>-7=+,-7+RPoy*&
7UV+oY-7*l=(_IUh*(AC-9AM,-?Hoy-7€€ =(EP-(+`A*R*(b(R*
-(6A&l=(_(Q*?Hoy-7€€ =(EP*R*(Fu==5AM`-Fu=…P-E=PP-E‡D-(U-7

b(+*l-(+`A-7UV+*L-IUh*(AC-9AM,-=(^d(n+?Hoy-7I<-*R*98d(6M
b(l6(Q*&(jFZ\PIlD*l=(_=^Fb+<F?s=5h7+)d=qFu=*(AMj-7+6…*P-
-7UV+‡(6M=q-(i-79,-(7+)dI•IXIUh**(A„-;tb•F=(EP€€ &
56-7!
€€ *l=(_o}?Hoy-7(>-;ƒ-7*R*(*N-7;a*R*=\+9+,A(U8-7op-
…F6-A69?‡=5j-FW-7&,=(a-7=5h7+)d*nF-7i*n-(…*P-=EG=?~-+=+ZE‡D
IUh*bS*((PW=b(+-7UV+oY-7-(C-Fu=d(SF-\PIl&
cd=+-9,-(*/-7*l=(_IUh*oY-7&cd=+-9,-(*([6*R*9,-(*L-IUh*
=(s*=(+=5P-7Fu==cd=+-DZ\*R*9,-(-\MIUh*=(s*(+,-=AL-=sb(+=cd=+-
9,-(IUh*=(+(\-(&u=Z\+€€ *A-7*Cd*>*(<9UA9W+*R*9,-(Fu=*(A'+
*R*9,-(IXIUh*=(s*=(+;O+-7UV+oY-7*l=(_IUh*9UA9W+=5P-7Fu==cd=+-
Z\IUh*=(s*(+,-9W+=5P-7-(i-79L-?6A;ƒ-7*R*(=(s*=(+=cd=+-9,-(&
 ,-./01$"&(+
l-(+`A9PW+-7N--7i(\-(Iu-7b(R*-(6AD(+_A=(EP-7(r6-7N--7i
oY-7I_I+`A(\-(€€ &x+4IRdDoY-7FE-AD(6M-7N--7i9,-(IXIUh*
7+n+=(S*(O=5j-&7P\+56*:-*lFu=?a‘-7N--7i’b(R*-(U?6A&
u=Z\+€€ ?Hoy-7•P5FI_-(cd“GAC=oi9+,A&7UV+oY-7I+`-oi
9+,AILAZ\P…+-dA=‡oY-7•P5FZ\-(c-oi9+,AILA56…PA=dA=‡*/-7=5j-
•P5F&
+6Po+,-Iw(Q6*A-7*CdFu=d(U>-7d(Rd=+<d*c-b(R*&R*;+_A
=Uh-7…+*P-‡Dn-(IUh*oY-7I_IW+o+,-*(P*R*Ia+=Uh-7-(U=\+9+,AD=cd
=+-vD-7UV+oY-7?Hoy-7*P-*(Au=I_=R*Iu-79j-*R*Ia+=Uh-7Il…-(Uo+
*(AM_-D*(Q-FE-Av‡
+Q-7-l+*/-79\Fu=9PW+-7N--7i(\-(Iu-7DZ\MjA*LA*N-7-7(,
-(c-oW-77+Q-7-l+…?dEE*(5E*P7-+=+P-‡&.8+?sd(R==5+_-*]6*N-7-7(,
-\MD*()-7=6*l=(_=5N-7Ih+-(+`A€€ ?Hoy-77+Q-7-l+9\F-7N--7i
(\-(Iu-7(>-&
lF9W+D;\-d(SFb(N-7d(n+9\?s9s6*(Q-oAM-(C=D*l=(_b_I<-*R*
9s6*(Q-b(R*-(U*(Au=D*R*=(+<=;t=5xoY-7=5s*=+<d=5j-F\-(^-((6M9\
F+*5P&

 ,-.2*/
56-72
7\M=5U8*DFRM+-9\Fu=-7Aw-GAC=oi9+,A&(n-{-7Iw(Q6*]6F\-
(^-(*A-7*Cd-(+`A*R*(=(_(+,-F8+&\-(^-(*l=(_=(_(+,-*R*(^-(
n-(DIw=(t&7P\+56@F=(6-(*/-7IUh*GEFG~=-(UFu=b(n-{-7F8+&
 3%"4$ (+/5607"&8"
g(hd*R*b+_A=(s*(+,-*R*=(\-(d(L-*P--(U*>?O=5+=([*D-7N-
-7i(\-(Iu-7Z\-7N--7i=5^-(;\MD=6IUh*-(+`Ab+_A=(\-(d(L-(u+
=(PW+b(R*-(6A&u=?a€€ =(+j-Z`;\-d(SFZ\;Au*-7UV+oY-7d(n+
-(8*R*=g(hdd(SFI_=(s*=(+*R*9,-(&u=?a€€ =5s*JA6-(>-=(^*(P
d(~d-7UV+oY-7oY-7*(Au=I_=R*Iu-79j-*R*IW+o+,-*]6*R*Ia+=Uh-7
*L-=(6P=R*&
;& 6G46H6I4Z[\28P@
€€ b(N-7oY-7*R*oW-7oi9+,A=(N=(AIUh*=5P-7*R*JAR=5^-(7+6P
ot*(*]6*R*=g*([*&€i9+,A=(UV-7d(n+IUh*=lF=B=D*NIQ-7=5U8*b(+
IUh*?Hoy-7;O+€€ &ŽK=UO-7-(C=9\*N-7Z+,*-\M*/-7IUh*=sIu-7
;ƒ-7FRM=S-(&(U-7IN+9)**/-7IUh*=(s*(+,-;ƒ-7=6Mb(+b(N-7=a-
JAR-(+`A*N-7?[*(6M*N-7Z+,*I:+(x+Z+,*GH9K=+-(=<*]6*P--7UV+&
(N-7=(UV-7*L-d(n+oY-7Fu=(,JAn-=5t*>?Ooi9+,A…€| ‡&
R*oi9+,A-u+…+-=E5-69o6=6‡*/-7IUh**L-I<-&.Soy-(U9PW+oi9+,A
9+j-JA6-I<-*R*9r-(Zs**]6bk?U(6M*]6-(\JAn-9K&R*oi9+,A-\M
=(UV-7b(N-7=(_*lIUh*JA6*R*JAR=5^-(GH9Koi9+,A=(N-7=(UV-7IUh*&
()-7d(n+IUh*=(A=(cdD-(cd9+,AD9UA=5iZ\*cd-(c==(N-7JA6*R*
d(U>-7d(RdZ\=+<-=5^-(Ie*;+,=&ŽPW+oi9+,A-\M*/-7*L-oY-7I<-(,
JAn-=5t*>?Ooi9+,A…€| ‡&
R*oi9+,A-7PW+…EG=E5-69o6=6‡-(U=(N-7=+-=(U>-7FW+D=\+*(S-(*]6
Fu=-`-b+-(=<D*R*?a9+,A*N-7-7(+,d*/-7I:+(x+-(+`A-'9s*Ie*;+,=I_
*lIUh*&(U-7b(R*Z8+oi9+,A-u+Doi9+,A-7PW+*l=(_FA6IUh*=q*R*
56-7$
*N-7=MD=g*([*&ŽPW+oi9+,A-\MIUh*5)==5S*(=q*R**>?Ooi9+,A=(U>-7

FW+v
*& 6G46H6I4EV6U46@
 3(&8"-2
l-(+`A9PW+FN(^-(b(R*-(6AIUh*d(@-*(+6os6=5j-Fy*IS*(?H
oy-7D*R*(GH9KZ8+=S-(=^-(*V…56-oPF-E??‡D=S-(=g-7JAR=*]6[-7
oy-7v
y*IS*(*]6FN(^-(9\=a+UA(l6(6MI_FN=n&u=FN(^-(oY-7I_
=a+UA(l69\Fu=FN(^-(=5P-7IlFu=IW+9Uh-7-\PIl*L-d(n+IUh**s*
=+_A(l6(6M*s*IW+(l6&.Soy-(U*s*IW+(l69h+-(Ac-(6M*s*=+_A(l6
*(+d(S&l+*(A-79PW+FN(^-(oY-7I_FN=n*(P-7UV+oY-7Fu=(^-(
oA-7I)-7Z`=(s*=<D*:-=(EP-7(r6(zd-lFN=nZ`*R*(Zc-(\-(*]6(,
=(a-7Z\b(N-7=(s*(+,-Fu=d(~d=a+UA-\P&
l+Z`=S-(=^-(*VD(LA(<=*R*(,=(a-7I`AF6-7=S-(GR*?AC=D-7(r69\
(\-(Z+*]6(,=(a-7b(N-7=(_IUh*IPR-=5U8*Fu=*R*(*(S-(GR*D*R*oi
9+,A-(cdZ\PI`AF6-7=S-(GR*?AC==(a-7bjZ\*R*oi9+,AGAC=56*/-7
ZcM&  AM  ZcMD  I6  ?a  *R*  FN  (^-(  =PR-  (Q*  I`A  9\  FN  (^-(  =C=  It-(
…oE=E5F+-=+?=+*‡&R*FN(^-(=+`-It-(=(UV-7o}G@Mos-7(>-DS==a-b~F
Z`=(V+7+6-Z\=+`-;W*(>-&
.`=S-(=g-7JAR=D*lFN(^-(*l=(_*(‹IUh*oY-7Z8+Fu=(,=(a-7
…*A?=PF4;A+9oFPoE9‡D-(U-7*/-7*l-(i-7FN(^-(IUh*G@Mos-7*(A-7
*(P-(+`A(,=(a-7b(R*-(6A…5E6oM4;A+9oFPoE9‡&l+*(A-7D*A?=PF4;A+9o
FPoE9*A-7*CdFu=*R+-(^-bk(>-Z`Fu=(,=(a-7*y=(_D=AM-(+j-
=(UV-7=a-b~F(>-I_G@Mos-7Z^d(n+9\F=q-(i-7Z+,*-(x-(C=&
 3(95-2
(N-7=(UV-7*R*FN(^-(IUh*d(@-=(\-(*R*98d?6A
56-7†
• N(^-(*(+<-9Uh*IUh*oY-7*(P*N-7Z+,*JAn-9KO=LF*6PD
oY-7I_('=5hGR*It-(Fy*IS*(*]6=g*([*D*R*=\+-7AMj-*L-*l
I_=(s*=(+*R*Fy*IS*(-\M&
• N(^-(*(+<-=(Ac=IUh*oY-7JAn-9KOF[*=5A-7*CdDI_7+)d

*C=d(R=Z\?Hoy-7=\+-7AMj-*]6=g*([*&
• N(^-((PW=Iu-7oY-7I_56-(i-7JAM<=It-(-7B-(W-…(\-7
-7\MD(\-7=AL-‡&
 3:;0<=>?5:9"-2
• (lb({-=5P-7Z+,*=^Foi9+,A-(cd*(PFN(^-(&
• (lb({-=5P-7Z+,*?Hoy-7oi9+,AGAC=56=qFN(^-(&
• (lb({-=5P-7Z+,**cd-(c=(l6FN(^-(&
• s=(+<A=+-*cMIa+Z8+FN(^-(*]6-7UV+oY-7&
• =*l?s(hd-(C=D=S*((hd7+i6*R*FN(^-(&
• s=U>-7=R*M<A…-7(•P-\-‡7+i6FN(^-(Z\-7UV+oY-7&
• 7UV+oY-7b(lF\=WPFN(^-(*]65+j-7(Q&
• R*FN(^-(=(UV-7S=IU6567+n+=(S*(Z`oi9+,AGAC=…PA=dA=‡&
 /5607"&8"
• R*b(R+-+,F=(\-(d(L-oi9+,AD=(\-(d(L-Ia+=(PW+Z\=(\-(
d(L-FN(^-(*A-7*CdFu=d(U>-7d(Rd(iA(+,AI_(+_A*R*
=(\-(d(L-*]6Fu=€€ Z\*R*=U>-7=R*7+i6*()-7Z8+-(6A&
• (\-(d(L-oi9+,A*A-7*Cdoi9+,AI_G@Mos-7Db+_F=56Z\‘;nP
oU•-7’FN(^-(&<=GAC=*]6FN(^-(9W+IUh*9UA=5P-7*>?Ooi
9+,A-j-*l=(_9\Foi9+,A-(cd*(P*R*FN(^-(b(R*DoPIl*l=(_
=S*((hd-(+`AFN(^-(9W+Z8+-(6A&
• (\-(d(L-Ia+=(PW+b(N-7*(‹7+)d*(P-7UV+oY-7?Hoy-7=a=
FN(^-(D?Hoy-7Fu=€€ *l(+,AJAnI_56JAM<=It-(F\*:-
56-7%"
7+)d-7UV+oY-7G@Mos-7FN(^-(*]65+j-7(QD*(P-(i-7-(A
*LA*]65+j-7(Q&
?C]^QOPQR5ST46@
?C]C?6G46H6I4@
@MJAM<=It-(;6P7wF#=(\-(d(L-
4 )=JAM<=I+-(…‡F'+-(R-(=q-)=JAM<=It-(9\%*(+<-9Uh*b(nor&
4 )=;+<-*a…‡F'+-(R-(=q-)=;+<-*a9\%;+<-*a*l=(_GnM56&

4 (R-(…‡IUV-7-a+7+i6*R*-)=&
4 <=JAn;+_Ao+}-b<=JAn*]6Fu=*(A'+*(+<-9Uh*Z\;+<-*a=WP=(\-(%
*P-IUV-7oAM-(C==qI+_FILA*(PI<-I+_F*Aa+*Y-7*]6*@MJAM<=
It-(&
56-7%%
U46F@#=S_0^QOPQR5ST46
^-(39\Fu=*@MJAM<=It-(=+jA;+_A&)=ILA=+j-*]6*@M?”;B=ILA;ƒ-7
JAM<=It-(=([-(C=DFu=?s*(Q-9s67+i6*(+<-9Uh*%(6M*(+<-9Uh*3?”GnM56&
(EP?6A?s*(Q-*(+<-9Uh*9\Fu=;+<-*a-7pA-(+j-;+<-*a%(Pe*;+<-*a3&
Ž)*-\M-7UV+56JAM<=It-(?”I[-77+i6Fu==5P-7;a--)=JAM<=It-(Z\d(n+
=(s*(+,-JAM<=It-(=([37+i6*(+<-9Uh*1Z\*(+<-9Uh*#&(EP?6AJAM<=It-(
-\M9\Fu=;+<-*a-7pA-(+j-=([3;+<-*a1Z\;+<-*a#&YM=(EP*P-IUV-7IX
*(Q-DFu==5P-7%!b<=JAn?”IUh*GEF9\b<=*Au*…=q%I<-%!‡&.Soy*P-
IUV-77wF*(+<-9Uh*%D;+<-*a3D*(+<-9Uh*1D;+<-*a#?”op-I<-b<=JAn!&
AM<=It-(=a+UA*(P9PW+;\+=PR--\M9\*(Q-Fu=;u*(+<-9Uh*oAM-(C=*(P
7+R=5tbfZQ-7=a=-(C=[-7Z8+-)=ILA=+j-&ŽV+7+n+-\M7+nIt-(*l=(_C-It-(
7+R=5tbfZQ-7O=q-7-)=;+<-*aZ\-7UV+56JAM<=It-(?”=(s*(+,-Fu=JAM<=
It-(d([*=Wdos6=5j--(+`A;+<-*a-7pA-(+j-&
?C]CF#PQZ2`4@
K&‡(U>-7d(Rd9W*JA6-…d=+F+?=+*dd5P6*(‡*(Q-7+R=5tI>-98--(C=
=5P-7;n-7d96MP••&
••|Žm
€E*+?+P- =6=EP•6=A5E 6G+
FAF
E*PFFE-o
Eo
9=E5-6=+
ZE

%

3
1 6MP•
•
€E*+?+P-
€% # # 43 #
€3 " 1 4% 1 €3…-<A9\
*(+d(S‡
€1 % Š 41 Š €1…-<A9\
56-7%3
9h+-(Ac-‡
|E?=6MP•• Š
(Pe*1
;&‡(U>-7d(Rd;nP=(]…P-?E5Z6=+ZEdd5P6*(‡*(Q-7+R=5tI>--(x
-(C==5P-7;n-7d96MP••&
••|Žm
€E*+?+
P-
=6=EP•6=A5E +-+FA
F
E*PFFE-o
Eo
9=E5-
6=+ZE

%

3

1

6MP•• €E*+?+P-
€% # # 4
3
43
€3 " 1 4
%
4% €3…-<A9\
9h+-(Ac-‡
€1 % Š 4
1
41 €1…-<A9\
*(+d(S‡
|E?=6MP•• 4%(Pe*
41
*&‡(U>-7d(Rd(a+=+<*…E75E=dd5P6*(‡.8+F'+*u=*(Q-7+R=5tI>-
98--(C=5w+=5qI+*R*7+R=5t[-7Z8+F'+*u=&
••|Žm
€E*+?+P- =6=EP•6=A5E
9=E5-6=+
ZE

%

3

1
€% # # 4
3
€3 " 1 4
%

€1 % Š 4
1
mm…‡|Žm

%

3

1
E75E=…F6
G‡
€% " % % % €%…-<A
9\*(+d(S‡
56-7%1
€3 # 3 " # €3…-<A
9\9h+
-(Ac-‡
€1 1 " 3 1
|E?=E75E= %(Pe*#
o&‡+R=5tbfZQ-7
?a9Uh-7*(+<-9Uh*&
…?
–
‡GR*?AC=*(+<-9Uh*–
.
+–
7+R=5td6MP••
••|Žm
€E*+?+P- =6=EP•6=A5E mGdE*=E
o

E*PFFE-o
Eo
9=E5-6=+
ZE
%—$
"
3—%"
"
1—%3
"
.69AE €E*+?+P-
o% %"""
"
%Š""" %#""" %3!""
o3 $""" %$""" %3""" %%!"" o3…-<A9\*(+
d(S‡
o1 !""" %!""" 3%""" %#""" o1…-<A9\9h+
-(Ac-‡
5P;6;+9+
=M
"&# "&3 "&#
6G+FAFmGdE*=Eo.69AE %#"""
56-7%#
ab
?C]C]L5cW1dZe
dZe?@
u=*N-7=Mb+-(oP6-(FRM=S-(=5y?O=dD*N-7=MFAa-b+-(
oP6-(FRM=S-(56F+`-5A-7…b(N-7*lIa+=(]‡(Pe*F+`-|B*…*l=(_*lIa+
=(]‡&
4 +`-5A-7-(A*LA…%""D3""D1""‡Z8+GR*?AC==U>-7[-7…"&Šˆ"&#ˆ"&%‡

4 +`-|B**lIa+=(]GR*?AC=9\"&1&
4 +`-|B**lIa+=(]-(A*LA…"D%""D3""‡Z8+GR*?AC==U>-7[-7…"&%ˆ"&Šˆ
"&#‡
4 +`-|B*b(N-7*lIa+=(]…%""D3""D1""‡Z8+GR*?AC==U>-7[-7…"&#ˆ"&Šˆ
"&%‡&
N-7=MosIt-(b+-(oP6-(3"";u“=(R-7D7+RFA61D"""D"""“;uD7+R
;R-ŠD"""D"""“;u&
6IUh**@MJAM<=It-(Z\*R*7+R=5tbfZQ-7?6A
+R=5t*R*?sb+,-
4 (A*LA%""“;u%""˜ŠD"""D""43""˜1D"""D""—4%""=5+,A&
4 (A*LA3""“;u3""˜ŠD"""D"""T3""˜1D"""D"""—#""=5+,A&
4 (A*LA1""“;u*(+d(S;ƒ-7Z8+-(A*LA3""“;uoP*A-7*(‹7+8+(W-
3""“;u&
4 (A*LA"“;u"43""˜1D"""D"""—4!""=5+,A&
+R=5tbfZQ-7m.
4 +`-5A-7m.
F
—"&Š˜4%""™"&#˜#""™"&%˜#""—%Š"=5+,A
4 +`-|B**lIa+=(]m.
F|*lIa+=(]
—"&%˜…4!""‡™"&Š˜…4%""‡™"&#˜#""—Š"
=5+,A&
4 +`-|B*b(N-7*lIa+=(]m.
F|b(N-7Ia+=(]
—"&#˜…4
%""‡™"&Š˜…#""‡™"&%˜#""—Fff5M28P&
4 +`-|B*m.
F|
—"&1˜Š"™"&2˜3""—?gg5M28P&…F6G‡
56-7%Š

U46]@^QOPQR5ST461dZe?
dZeF@
|g?A-7=(jF-(R-(Z\PZ+,*b+-(oP6-(56F+`-|B*Z8+?a9Uh-7
FRM=S-(osIt-(b+-(oP6-(9\%""Z\3""&
+n+
4 +`-5A-7 %m.
F
—"&Š˜4%""™"&#˜#""™"&%˜#""—%Š"=5+,A
4 +`-|B* 3
• lIa+=(]
1%"";u
o (A*LA%""“;u%""˜ŠD"""D""4%""˜1D"""D""—3""=5+,A&
o (A*LA3""*(+d(S;ƒ-7Z8+-(A*LA%""“;uoP*A-7*(‹7+8+(W-
%""“;u&
o (A*LA"“;u"4%""˜1D"""D"""—41""=5+,A&
56-7%!
o +`-|B**lIa+=(]m.
F|*lIa+=(]
—"&%˜…41""‡™"&Š˜…3""‡™"&#˜3""
—%Š"=5+,A&
#3"";u
o (A*LA%""“;u%""˜ŠD"""D""43""˜1D"""D""—4%""=5+,A&
o (A*LA3""“;u3""˜ŠD"""D"""T3""˜1D"""D"""—#""=5+,A&
o (A*LA1""“;u*(+d(S;ƒ-7Z8+-(A*LA3""“;uoP*A-7*(‹7+8+
(W-3""“;u&
o (A*LA"“;u"43""˜1D"""D"""—4!""=5+,A&
o +`-|B**lIa+=(]m.
F|*lIa+=(]
—"&%˜…4!""‡™"&Š˜…4%""‡™"&#˜#""
—Š"=5+,A&

 (Q- 1&m.
F|*lIa+=(]
—%Š"=5+,A
• (N-7*lIa+=(]
1%"";u
o m.
F|b(N-7Ia+=(]
—"&#˜…3""‡™"&Š˜…3""‡™"&%˜3""—3""=5+,A&
#3"";u
o m.
F|b(N-7Ia+=(]
—"&#˜…4%""‡™"&Š˜…#""‡™"&%˜#""—3""=5+,A&
 (Q- 1(Pe* #
m.
F|
—"&1˜%Š"™"&2˜3""—%$Š=5+,Ašm.
F
—%Š"=5+,A
(Q- 3
›Žœ
(Q-(U8-7b+-(oP6-(56F+`-|B* 3m.
F|
—%$Š=5+,A
4 <A*lIa+=(]*(Q- 1…%"";u‡&m.
F|*lIa+=(]
—%Š"=5+,A
4 <Ab(N-7*lIa+=(]*(Q- 1…%"";u‡(Pe* #…3"";u‡m.
F|b(N-7Ia+=(]
—
3""=5+,A

56-7%2
U46h@^QOPQR5ST461dZeF
dZe]@
u=-(@-Z+j-=S-oy-7-7@-(\-7d(n+JAM<=It-(*l*(P(6Mb(N-7
*(PI>-ZtZ6MFu=?a=+`-=5P-7=(V+(W-%-{F&-(=6*l3*(+<-9Uh*
GEFG~=Z\9s6*(Q-9\
4 (PZ6MŠ"&"""&"""Z8+9X+?AC=%3•-{F&
4 (N-7*(PZ6M&
<A*(PZ6MD-7@-(\-7*(P5ƒ-7I>-Zt?”
™5n-hI)-7(W-…GR*?AC="D†!‡&
™5}(W-…GR*?AC="D"#‡&
56-7%$
<Ab(N-7*(PZ6MD?a=+`-IlIUh*ILA=UZ\P*N-7=5R+Z8+9X+?AC=
!•-{FDoP=(<b<=*Au*?”9\1&"""&"""&
ŽUAK sGAC=(+,-*R*GR*?AC=*lI+`Ab+,-…m%“%‡D…m3“%‡D
…m%“3‡D…m3“3‡D=(EP-(R-(*lI+`A=56&(EPIt-(9S|6ME?=5P-79K
=(AM<=GR*?AC=D=6*l*N-7=([*
_=S-(…m“‡=6d(n+*l…Z\m‡Z\…‡&6+GR*?AC=-\MIUh*=S-(
=(EPb+-(-7(+,F*]6I+`A=56Z+j-=5j-3""[-7Z+j-=(^?”*l%Š!-7UV+-(c-
IUh*9V+b(AMj-*(PZ6M…=5P-7?a-\M=(s*=<*l%Š#-7UV+=5nI)-7(W-Z\3
-7UV+=5}(W-‡& a*:-9W+9\##-(c-IUh*9V+b(AMj-b(N-7-j-*(PZ6M…=AM
ZcM=5P-7?a-\M=(s*=<*l1$-7UV+I)-7(W-Z\!-7UV+=5}(W-‡&
|+<-*a9V+
b(AMj-
m%I)-7(W- m35}(W- g-7*u-7
%-j-*(P
Z6M
%Š# 3 %Š!
3b(N-7-j- 1$ ! ##
g-7*u-7 %†3 $ 3""

€s6Z\P;n-7=5j-D=6=S-(IUh*…‡D…m‡D…mZ\‡;ƒ-7*R*(*(+6*R*
d(L-=HZ8+3""&6IUh*;n-7?6A
|+<-*a9V+
b(AMj-
m% m3 …‡
% …m%Z\
%‡—"&22
…m3Z\
%‡—"&"%
…%‡—"&2$
3 …m%Z\
3‡—"&%†
…m%Z\
3‡—"&"1
…3‡—"&"3
…‡ …m%‡—"&†! …m3‡—"&"# %
56-7%†
…m“‡—
U46gC?@^QOPQR5ST461dZe]
|g?A-7=(jF=(N-7=+-GR*?AC=;n-7?6A
|+<-*a9V+b(AMj- m% m3
% …m%“%‡—"D†$2 …m3“%‡—"D"%1
3 …m%“3‡—"D$!Š …m3“3‡—"D%1!
6IUh**@MJAM<=It-(?6A
56-73"
U46gCF@^QOPQR5ST461dZe]ijcP4>563EkD0cPl5
.8+b(a+%
m.… %‡—"D†!˜!&"""&"""™"D"#˜…4Š"&"""&"""‡—1&2!"&""" I
m.… 3‡—1&"""&"""I
 (Q- %

.8+b(a+3
m.… %‡—"D†$2˜!&"""&"""™"D%1˜…4Š"&"""&"""‡—Š&323&"""I
m.… 3‡—1&"""&"""I
 (Q- %
56-73%
.8+b(a+1
m.… %‡—"D$!Š˜!&"""&"""™"D%1Š˜…4Š"&"""&"""‡—4%&Š!"&"""I
m.… 3‡—1&"""&"""I
 (Q- 3
(U=(<
m.…%‡—1&2!†&"""I
m.…3‡—"D2$˜…Š&323&"""‡™"D33˜…1&"""&"""‡TŠ""&""…*(+d(S
I+`A=56‡
m.…3‡—#&223&""TŠ""&""—#&323&%!"I
 (Q-3=(EP(U8-7I+`A=56
 (+d(SI+`A=56d(n+-(O(>-#&223&"""T1&2!†&"""—%&"%3&%!"I&
R5\Pm4
<A*(+d(SI+`A=5698-(>-(Pe*;ƒ-7%&"%3&%!"I&(^*(Q-%D
%&
<A*(+d(SI+`A=56-(x(>-%&"%3&%!"I(^
4(Q-3ˆ<A%ˆ*(Q- %&
4(Q-3ˆ<A3ˆ*(Q- 3&
6<=4>F@
FC?6^4\nHZ[\28P@
(@-98doi9+,A9\=+<-=5^-(*l3;U8*
 Pl4\PQ84€i9+,A(AC-9AM,-IUh*d(@-=S*(;O+=(Ac==l6-
d(@-98d…*l=(Au*=S-(-(X-98d‡
56-733
 6^4\nH@€i9+,Ab+_F=56IUh*oY-7I_U8*9Uh-7Iu*(S-(GR*
*]6;ud(@-98d&<AIu*(S-(GR*9\*(Cd-(c-IUh*=(^*l=(_

oY-7;ud(@-98dI_d(@-98d*R*FpAoi9+,AF8+&
 u*(S-(GR*…6**A56*M‡*]6;ud(@-98d=5j-=cdb+_F=56*(P=5U8*9\
d(L-=5{F*]6*R*FpA=5P-7=cdb+_F=56IUh*;ud(@-98dG<d98dI)-7
sampltest ofnumber total
sampletest classifiedcorrectly
Accuracy=
FCF^QOPQR5ST46
@MJAM<=It-(9\*CA=5)**@M?6P*(P
 '+-)==5P-7[-7Z8+Fu=d(~db+_F=56=5j-Fu==(Au*=S-(
 '+-(R-(;+_Ao+}-b<=JAnd(~db+_F=56
56-731
 R*-)=9R;+_Ao+}-*R*98d(6M*R*d(@-;a98d
 )=*6P-(C==5P-7*@M9\-)=7a*&
FCFC?D0o2pP0^QOPQR5ST46
¡@M(w+JAM…E75E??+P-=5EE‡U8*9Uh-7*R*(\F7+R*l7+R=5t9\?a
=(s*=(6MZ^IUh*?Hoy-7*(P*R*-(+,FZyd(@-9PW+&…ZSoyU8*=S-(7+RFu=
-7N+-(\(Pe*b(Pn-7=(V+7+6-Fu=;,-(-(@--ƒFZ+,-‡
¡@Md(@-9PW+…96??+•+*6=+P-=5EE‡-<AM9\Fu=;+<-d(@-9PW+-(U
7+8+=S-(…-6F(6M-i‡Db<=JAn*]6Fu==5c-ICA…=(B-7(6M=(A6‡&
FCFCF%PS2pE0JK0^QOPQR5ST46
PZ8+*R*d(U>-7d(Rdb(6+d(Roi9+,Ab(R*D*@MJAM<=It-(9\
d(U>-7d(Rd*lFu=?aUAI+_F
• @MJAM<=It-(o}(+_A&7UV+=6*l=(_(+_AFN(^-(*@MJAM<=It-(
?6Ab(+IUh*7+n+=(S*(-7B-&
• .+,**(A„-;toi9+,A*(PFu=*@MJAM<=It-(9\*>;n-(Pe*b(N-7
*L-=(+<=&R*bk=(Ac=b(R*=(UV-7I:+(x+*(A„-(l6oi9+,AD*L-
=WP*R*;+<-d(y…oAFFMZ65+6;9E‡Z\9PW+;x*R*7+R=5t5'-7&
• @MJAM<=It-(*l=(_GH9K*noi9+,A*l7+R=5t;ƒ-7?aZ\oi9+,A*l
7+R=5t9\=j-=(_9PW+&R*bk=(Ac=b(R*=(UV-7*(AMj-I_d(@-=S*(
*R*;uoi9+,A*(‹7wFFu=9PW+;+<-&(ž-7(W-D*R*9Ac=JA6-(,

*(‹*l=(_oY-7*(P*R*;+<-=j-D=5P-7b(+FW-7->45P-*(‹*l=(_
oY-7*(P*R*;+<-*l7+R=5t;ƒ-7?a&
• @MJAM<=It-(9\Fu=FN(^-((ud=5B-7&W-7->45P-9\Fu=ZSoy
Z`FN(^-((udIE-DoP9V+7+n+=(S*(*(Pb<=JAnJARd([*=WdI_*l
=(_(+_AIUh*&
• l=(_=(„FIt-(Fu=FN(^-(;ƒ-7*R*b+_F=56=(a-7bj&+`A-\M
9\F*(P=6*l=(_=+-=UO-7Z\PFN(^-(&
• @MJAM<=It-(*l=(_GH9K=a=Fu=9Uh-7oi9+,A98-=5P-7=(V+7+6-
-7B-&l=(_oY-7FRM=S-(*R-(@-I_d(@-=S*(*R*9Uh-7oi9+,A
56-73#
98-=5P-7Fu==(V+7+6-I]-7B-I_*(Pd(~d*R*-(\*(+<-9Uh*IU6
56JAM<=It-(os6=5j-d(@-=S*(*]6*@MJAM<=It-(&
FCFC]q^QZ74>0^QOPQR5ST46
• .+,*=WP*@MJAM<=It-(;6P7wF37+6+IPW-WP*@MZ\=‹6*@M&
4 _=WP*@MO=(V+I+_F;B=ILA=C=*n-(i-7ZSoy(AC-9AM,-9\O7a*?6AIl
d(@-*(+6ZSoy(AC-9AM,-=(EP*R*(I,JA+os6=5j-=(Au*=S-(IUh**(Q-&
4 .+,*=‹6*@M9\GR*It-(Z\Gl6-(i-7-(R-(F\*ld(L-=H('-9PW-(Pe*
-(i-7d(L-=H-ƒF-7P\+…-(i-7d(L-=Hb(N-7=(_d(@-Z\PFu=98d-\PIl‡&
• l5C=-(+`A;+<-Ig+b(R*-(6AZ`-:-7*a=*]6=(Ac==PR-*@MJAM<=
It-(DFe*oYZcM*()-7Zp-=A@-=(EP-(i-7;U8**>;n-?6A
4@MIUh*=(+<=9cd=q=5j-GAa-7oU8+Z\=(EP*R*(=([**(+6I_=5t&
4Ÿ=(V+I+_F;B=ILAD*R*FpA(AC-9AM,--ƒFO7a**]6*@M
4(Au*=S-(IUh*d(@-9PW+…V+5W*(l6*R*=(Au*=S-(oW-7d(+?a‡
4(Q-Fu==(Au*=S-(I_d(@-*(+6=(\-(*R*-(R-(&(Au*=S-(IUh*
*(Q-os6=5j-IuIP=(a-7bj(Pe*IuIP(EA5+?=+*&
4+<d=y*9ed9W+Z+,*G@Mos-7*@MJAM<=It-(*(P*R*-(R-(&
• +`Ab+,-I_oq-7Z+,*d(@-*(+6
™C=*n*R*FpA5>+Z\PFu=-)==(Au*Z`*Y-7Fu=98d…-)=9R‡
™(N-7*:-=(Au*=S-(-\P*l=(_oY-7I_d(@-*(+6FpA-i6
™(N-7*:-9W+FpA-\P=W+-)=&

@@ABC1D5E3
@MJAM<=It-(IUh*G@Mos-7;ƒ-7*R*(d(@-=R*(*R*;n-7(+=W+F'+
-)=os6=5j-Fu==(Au*=S-(ILAZ\P& 5\-7-(+,FZyILA=+j-9\d(n+*(Q-56
GEF=(Au*=S-(-\PIU656IUh*?sd(@-=R*(=a=-(C==W+-)=Il&
uIPIUh*?Hoy-7I_IR-(7+Rb(n-{-7d(@-=R*(9\Iu=+-(b(+<=&
()-7=6?”*l-(i-7d(U>-7d(RdGR*It-(I_=S-(=PR-Iu=+-(b(+<=Fu=*R*(
*(+=+<=D=AM-(+j-*()-7I`A*a7B-7IW=IUh*(+,AJAn-(U-(6A&u=?sd(@-
56-73Š