tuyển chọn bài thi theo cấu trúc đề thi môn hóa học

T
CXI
C
NGUYfiN VAN THOAI
-
PHAM DINH THANH
TRAN
TUAN VI$T
TUYENCHON
BAI
THI
TRAC
NGHIEM
THEO
CAU
TRUC
DE
THI
MON HOA HOC
(Dung
de on
luyen thi tot nghiep
THPT
va
Dai hoc,
Cao
dang;
THi; VIENTIWHBINH THUAN
NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOC SlT PHAM
Ldl NOI DAU
Cuon

sach
"Tuyen
chon
b^i thi
trac
nghiem
theo
cau
true
cJe thi -
Mon Hoa hoc" danh cho hoc sinh dang on luyen thi tot nghiep Tl ;PT \/a
thi
vao cac trUdng Dai hoc va Cao ding.
Trong
vai nam gan day, Bo
Giao
due va Dao tao da cong bo c .u true
m6i
cua de thi tot nghiep
THPT
va de thi tuyen sinh Dai hoc, Cac
liing.
De giup hoc sinh c6 tai lieu on luyen phu hdp va thiet thiic, chung -oi bien
soan cuon
sach
nay v6i npi dung: TuySn chon sSp xep cac bai thi
trSc
nghiem theo trinh tifcau true de thi, dong thdi rat chu
</
den npi dung va xu

hirdng
mdi ra de thi trac nghiem cua Bp
Giao
due va Dao tao (de thi giam
npi dung hpe thupc, tSng npi dung van dung suy luan va nhieu cau la
nhOrng bai toan hoa hpe can
thiet).
Npi dung cuon
sach
gom hai phan :
Phan
I -
Tuyen
chon
cac bai thi tr§c
nghiem
theo
cau
true
de thi
Cac bai trac nghiem
dU'dc
tuyen chpn la cac bai c6 trong eac de thi
tuyen sinh Dai hpe, Cao ding nhOfng nSm qua va c6 trong cac de thi hpe
sinh gioi toan quoe.
Phan
II -
Hudng
dan
chon

dap an
Trong
phan nay chung toi gidi thieu va ap dung nhCrng phiiang phap
giai nhanh cac bai toan Hoa hpe, nhu":
-
Phi/dng phap bao toan
nguyen
to;
-
Phi/dng phap bao toan dien
ti'eh;
-
PhL/dng phap bao toan khoi liidng;
-
Phu-dng phap tang - giam khoi liTdng;
-
PhU'dng
phap trung binh;
-
PhU'dng
phap bao toan electron;
-
PhU'dng
phap tfnh theo phiTdng trinh ion;
-
PhLfdng phap xac dinh va can bang lien ket n trong phan tCf hdp chal
hOru
cd
de hadng dan ban dpc each tim nhanh dap an dung cho tC/ng cau / . !e
trong

de thi.
Tac gia mong nhan di/dc nhOrng y kien dong gop xay di/ng
cCia
ban
dpc gan xa de Ian xuat ban sau cuon
sach
eo chat lifdng tot hdn.
Xin tran trpng cam dn!
CAC TAC GIA
CAU TRUC DE THI
TUYEN
SINH
DAI HOC - CAO
DANG
1.
Cau true de thi
Di thi dugc ra theo chuong
trinh
THPT
hifin
hanh,
chii
y€u la chuang
trinh
Idp 12.
- DO'i vdi cac m6n: Toan, Vat If, Hoa hoc, Sinh hoc, Ngii van, Lich sijr,
Dia
If di thi m6i m6n g6m hai phSn:
+ Phdn chung cho ta't ca thf sinh, ra theo n6i dung gi6'ng nhau giira
chirong

trinh
Chudn va chuang
trinh
Nang cao.
+ Phdn rieng ra theo tung chuang
trinh:
Chuang
trinh
Chu^n va chuang
trinh
Nang cao. Thf sinh dugc chgn m6t phSn rieng thfch hgp de lam bai;
nfi'u
lam
ca hai phSn rieng thi ca hai ph^n rieng d6u kh6ng dugc cha'm.
- Dd'i vdfi cac m6n
Ngoai
ngu: thi m6i m6n chi c6 phSn chung danh cho
ta't
ca thf sinh, ra theo n6i dung gi6'ng nhau giira chuang
trinh
Chudn va chuang
trinh
Nang cao, khdng c6 phdn rieng.
2.
Yeu cau va mure do kien thure
a) Yeu cau on tdp: On tap toan b6 chuang
trinh
da hgc, khdng hgc tu,
hoc lech. Bam sat yeu cdu, miic d6 cua thi tuye'n sinh Dai hgc va Cao dang.
Trong qua

trinh
on thi cin nang cao kie'n thiic va ki nang ca ban, dong
thdi
nang cao kha nang suy
luan,
nang luc tu duy, sang tao.
b) Mite do cdn dqt ve kien thitc, ki nang
- Ve kien thicc: Yeu ciw thf sinh phai nam vung, hie'u ban cha't, hi^u
sau cac kie'n thiic trong chuang
trinh
va sach
giao
khoa.
- Ve ki nang: Van dung thanh thao cac kie'n thiic da hgc de' tra Idi cac
cau hoi
hoac
giai bai tap; c6 kl nSng
tfnh
toan, ve
hinh,
dung bie'u d6.
3.
Cau true de thi tuyen sinh Dai hoe - Cao dang mon Hoa hoe
I.
PHAN
CHUNG CHO TAT CA THI SINH (40 eau)
So
TT
Noi dung
So

eau
1
Nguyen
tir,
bang tuSn hoan cac nguyen
t6'
hoa hoc, lien ke't hoa hgc
2
2
Phan ling oxi hoa-khii, t6'c d6 phan ling va can bang hoa hgc
2
3
Su dien li
2
4
Phi
kirn
(cacbon, silic,
nita,
photpho, oxi^ luu
huynh
JiaIogen)_
2
5
Dai
cuang v6 kim loai
2
6
Kim
loai ki6m, kim loai ki^m thd, nh6m, sat

2
7
ong hop noi dung cac kife'n thfrc hoa v6 ca thudc chuong
trinh
j)h6 thongs
6
8
Dai
cuong hoa hoc huu co, hidiocacbon
2
9
Dan xual halogen, ancol, phenol
2
10
Andehit,
xeton, axit
cacboxylic
2
11
liste,
lipit
2
12
Amin,
amino axit, protein
2
13
Cacbohidrat
1
14

Polimc va vat lieu polime
1
15
Tdng
hop noi dung cac kien thiic hoa
hiru
co thuoc chuong
irinh
pho thong
6
II.
PHAN RlftNG. Ihi
sink
chi
ditoc
chon
mot
phdn
rieng
thich
hffp
de Idm bdi
1.
Theo
chirofns
tnnh Chuan (10 can)
So
TT
Noi dung
So

cau
16
Toe do phan urng, can bang hoa hoc, su dien li
1
17
Andehit,
xeton, axit
cacboxylic
2
18 DaV the diSn circ chudn
1
19
Crom.
dong, niken, chi, kem, bac, vang, thiec
2
20
Phan
biet
chat
v6
CO,
hoa hoc va va'n de phat
tri^n
kinh
te', xa h6i,
moi
truong
1
21
Dan xuat halogen, phenol, ancol

1
22
Amin,
amino axit, protein
1
23
Cacbohidrat
1
2. Theo
chirong
trinh Nang cao (10 cau)
So
TT
Noi dung So
cau
24
Toe do phan i?ng, can bang hoa hoc, su dien li
1
25
Andehit,
xeton, axit
cacboxylic
2
26
Day the dien cue ehuan
1
27
Crom,
dong, niken, ehi, kem, bac, vang, thiec
. 2

28
Phan hiet
chat
v6 co, ehuan dp dung dich, hoa hoc va van de
phat irien
kinh
te, xa hoi, moi trudng
1
29
Dan
xua't
halogen, phenol, ancol
1
30
Amin,
amino axit, protein
1
31
Cacbohidrat
1
KHAI
QUAT
VE
PHUONG PHAP
TRAC
NGHlgM
Co hai loai
trac
nghifim:
-

Trac
nghiem tu luan (thu6ng goi tat la ttr luan)
-
Trac
nghiem khach quan (thucmg goi tat la
trac
nghiem).
Tide
nghiem
tu
luan
(cau hoi tu luan): Khi l^m bai, hoc sinh phai vie't
cau tra
lofi,
phai If giai, lap luan chiing minh bang kien
thiJc
ciia minh.
Tide
nghiem
khdeh
quan
(cau hoi
trac
nghiem): Khi lam bai, hoc sinh
chi
phai doc, suy nghi dd lua chon dap an dung trong s6' cac phuong an da
cho. Thdi gian danh cho m6i cau chi tCr 1 - 2 phut.
Goi
la
tide

nghiem
khdch
quan
la do
each
cha'm die'm ra't khach quan
(thuorng
la dung may
tinh).
Di^m dupe
tinh
bang
each
de'ra s6' Mn chon
dupe cau tra
Icri
diing.
Cau hoi
trac
nghiem co 4 dang chinh:
1.
Cau dien khuyet
G6m hai phdn:
-
Phdn
edu dan la nhung cau
hoac
phuong
trinh
hoa

hoe,
c6 nhiJng
ch6 eon bo trong (ghi bang cac da'u ).
-
Phdn
tid Idi la nhung tCr, cum tCr, nhung cong thiic hoa
hoc
phai lua
chon va diin vao ch6 trS'ng cho phu hop.
- Thi du: Trong nguyen
tijf
%C\x co (1) electron, (2) proton
va (3) natron.
2. Cau
phep
doi
G6m hai phan:
-
Phdn
cdu dan b c6t
thii
nha't g6m m6t phdn ciia cau (cau
chua
hoan
thanh) hay mdt yeu cdu
-
Phdn
tid Idi 6 c6t
thii
hai g6m mdt phan con lai ciia cau

hoac
mCt dap an
ma ta phai ehpn de' ghep vdi c6t
thii
nha't thanh cau phu hcrp hoan chinh.
- Thi du: Chon san ph^m phan
ting
b c6t thiJ hai ghep vdi cac
cha't
phan u-ng of e6t
thii
nha't de' dupe phuong
trinh
hoa hoc
phii
hop hoan chinh:
Cot
thvi
nhat
Cot
thur
hai
Dap an
a) CI2 +
NaOH
b) CI2 +
NaOH
,)
KCIO,
"^""^'^

>
d)
KCIO,
DN^ + H^O
2)
KCIO4
+ KCl
3)
NaCl
+
NaClO,
+ HjO
4) KCl + O2
5)
NaCl
+
NaClO
+ H2
a-5
b-3
c - 4
d-2
3. Cau dung sat
Gom hai phan:
- Phan can dan la mot cau c6 n6i dung c^n xac dinh dung hay sal.
- Phan lid Idi g6m chtr D (neu cho la diing) hay chu S (neu cho la sai).
Khoanh tron mot trong hai chiJ do khi xac dinh.
- Thi du: Hidrocacbon no chi tham gia phan ling the', kh6ng tham gia
phan ling c6ng. D - S.
Dap an S: Hidrocacbon no nhu xiclopropan (hay xiclobutan) c6 thi

tham
gia phinn ling c6ng mcf
vong.
4. Cau nhieu
lira
chon (hay diing nhat)
Gom hai phAn:
- Phan (du dan 1^ m6t cau hoi
hoac
mdt cau chua hoan
thanh
(cau bo
lirng),
c3n
ghep
vdi m6t dap an di
dugc
cau hoan chinh.
- Phan trd Idi g6m 4
hoac
5 phuomg an, phai chon phuong dn diing
(hay diing nha't, dSy du nhat).
-
Thidu
1: Cho 20 gam h6n hop Mg va Fe tac dung vdri dung dich HCl
du
thay c6 1 gam khi H2 bay ra. Neu dem c6 can dung dich sau phan ling
thi
thu
dugc

bao nhieu gam mu6'i khan?
A. 50 gam B. 55,5 gam
C. 60 gam D. 60,5 gam
Hay chon dap an diing.
Hit&ng ddn trd lai
- Cdch gidi thong thudng:
Goi X va y la so mol Mg va Fe c6 trong 20 gam h6n hop.
Cac phuong
trinh
phan ling:
Mg + 2HC1
MgCl2
+
X X
Fe
y
+ 2HC1
FeCl2
y
Hzt
X mol
H2t
y
mol
(1)
(2)
Ta
CO
he phuong
trinh:

24x + 56y = 20
1
X + y = —
^ 2
Giai he phuong
trinh
dugc: x = y = 0,25 mol.
->
niMgci,
= 95.0,25 = 23,37 gam.
"ipecij
=
127.0,25
= 31,75 gam.
Kh6'i
lugng mu6'i bang 23,37 + 31,75 = 55,5
(gam).
- Cdch gidi nhanh:
Tir phan tir HCl -»
UH
= Ud = j = 1 mol nguyen tic.
Nhu vay: 1 mol nguySn t^ H bay ra thi cung phai c6 1 mol nguyen tir
CI (hay 35,5 gam) tao mu6'i.
mmu,.i
= mki +
mj,.vc
axi>
= 20 + 35,5 = 55,5
(gam).
Dap an B.

Thi du 2: Chia m6t lugng h6n hgp 2 ancol no, don chiic thanh hai pMn
bang nhau.
Phan 1: D6t chay hoan toan, thu
dugc
2,24 lit COj (dktc).
Phan 2:
Tach
nude (dehdrat hoa) hoan toan, thu
dugc
2 anken.
D6t chay hoan toan h6n hgp 2 anken thu
dugc
m gam H2O.
Gia tri ciia m la
A. 1,2. B. 2,4.
C. 3,6. ' D. 1,8.
Hay chon dap an dung.
Hu&ng ddn trd lai:
- Cdch gidi thong thiCdng:
Ggi
CTPT
trung binh ciia 2 ancol la CjiHjji+iOH .
Ggi x la s6' mol ciia 2 ancol trong m6i phSn.
Phan I:
CnHjH+iOH+yO2
-^nC02+(ii
+
l)H20
X mol
2 24

nx=-:—=
0,l(mol)
22,4
Phan 2: Cj^Hzi^^iOH
''^o'C.H;S04d
^Q_^^_+Y^^Q
X mol X mol
X mol
n
X n X = 0,1 mol
mHjO
=0'1-18= l,8(gam).
Dap an D.
-
Cdcfi
gidi nhanh: D6't chay phSn 1 thu dugc 0,1 mol
CO2,
phSn 2
tach nirdc thi s6' mol anken bang s6' mol aneol. S6 nguyen tu C trong anken
bang s6' nguydn tir C trong ancol.
-> S6' mol
CO,
khi
d6't anken =
s6' mol CO2 khi
d6't ancol va bang
s6' mol
HjO.
m„^o=
= 1,8 gam.

Chu
y. Khi lam bai tap trk nghiem, vi
khfing
phai
trinh
bay
each
giai
nSn ta dung
each
giai
nhanh
(giai
nhSlm) 6.i chon dap an
diing.
PHAN
I
TUYEN CHON BAI THI TRAC NGHIEM
THEO
CAU
TRUC
DE
THI
A.
PHAN
CHUNG
CHO TAT
CA
CAC
THf

SINH

NGUYEN
TLT,
BANG
TUAN
HOAN,
LIEN
KET HOA HOC
1.1. Cho cac nguyen to M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) va R (Z = 19).
D6
am dien
ciia
cac nguyen to tang dSn theo
thir
tir
A.
M<X<Y<R.
B.
R<M<X<Y.
C.
Y<M<X<R.
D.
M<X<R<Y.
1.2. Trong tur nhien, nguyen to c6 hai dong vi la
fgCu
va
29Cu
. Nguydn tir
khoi

trung binh cua dong la 63,54. Thanh phan phSn tram t6ng so
nguyen tir cua d6ng vi
29 Cu
la
A.
27%. B. 50%.
C. 54%. D. 73%.
1.3. Trong hop chat ion XY (X la kim
loai,
Y la phi kim), s6' electron cua
cation
bang s6' electron cua anion va t6ng s6' electron trong XY la 20.
Biet
trong moi hop chat, Y chi c6 mdt
miic
oxi hoa duy nha't.
C6ng
thiic
XY la
A.
MgO. B. LiF.
C.
AIN.
D. NaF.
1.4. Trong phan
ling
d6't chay
CuFeSz
tao ra san pham CuO, FejOj va
SO2

thi
m6t phan tu CuFeSi se
A.
nhucmg 13 electron. B. nhan 12 electron.
C. nhan 13 electron. D. nhucrng 12 electron.
1.5. Day g6m cac ion X^, Y" va nguySn tir Z ddu c6 ca'u hinh electron
ls22s'2p*^ la
A.
Na",
Cr,
Ar B. U\, Ne
C.Na^F-,Ne D. K\, Ar.
1.6.
Anion
X" va cation Y^' d^u c6 cau hinh electron Idp ngoai cung la
Ss^Sp**.
Vj tri cua cac nguyen to trong bang tuSn hoan cac nguyen t6'
hoa hoc la :
A.
X
CO
s6' thu-
tu 17, chu
ki
4, nhom
VIIA
.
Y
CO
so

thu-
tu 20, chu ki 4, nhom
IIA.
li.
X
CO
so
thi'r
tir 18, chu ki 3, nhom VIA.
Y CO so
thir
lif 20, chu ki 4, nhom llA.
C. X
CO
so
thi'r
tu 17, chu ki 3, nhom
VIIA
.
Y
CO
so
ihir
tir 20, chu ki 4, nhom IIA.
D.
X
CO
so
thi'r
tir 18, chu ki 3, nhom

VIIA.
Y
CO
s6'
thi'r
tu 20, chu ki 3, nhom IIA.
1.7. Nguyen tir cua nguyfin t6' X c6 cau hinh electron
ls'2s^2p'^3s^3p'^4s',
nguyen tir cua nguydn to Y c6 citu hinh electron
ls^2s^2p\
Lien
kfi't
hoa hoc giCra nguyen tir X va nguySn tir Y thudc loai I'ltn ket
A.
kirn
loai. B.
c6ng
hoa tri.
C. ion. D. cho - nhan.
1.8. Nguyen tir cua nguyen to X c6 t6ng s6' hat electron trong cac phan
Idfp
p la 7. So hat mang dien cua mot nguyfin
tijr
Y nhi^u hon so hat
mang dien cua mot nguyen lir X la 8 hat.
Cac nguyen to X va Y lan lum la
A.
FevaCI. B. Na va CI.
C. Al va CI. D. Al va P.
1.9. Mot nguyen tir cua nguyen to X c6 tdng so hat proton, natron, electron la

52 va
CO
so khoi la 35. S6' hieu nguyfin tu cua nguyen to X la
A.
18. B. 23.
C. 17. D. 15.
1.10. Nguyen tu ciia nguyen t6' X c6 electron a muc ni5ng lirgng cao nha't la 3p.
Nguyen
tu ciia nguyen to Y cung c6 electron cf mv!c nang lucmg 3p va c6
mot electron a \dp ngoai cdng. Nguyen lir X va Y c6 so electron hon kem
nhau la 2. Nguyen to X, Y lan lugt la
A.
kim loai va kim loai. B. phi
kirn
va kim loai.
C. kim loai va khf hiem. D. khi hiS'm va kim loai.
1.11. Cho cac nguyen to: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Day
g6m cac nguyen 16' dupe sdp x6'p
theo
chieu giam dan ban
ki'nh
nguyen tuf
tir
trai
sang
phai la
A.
Mg,K,Si,N B.K,Mg,Si,N
C. K, Mg, N, Si D. N, Si, Mg, K
1.12. Nguyen lir ciia nguyen to X c6 cau hlnh electron ngoai cung la ns'^np''.

Trong hop
chat
khi ciia nguyen 16' X \'6i hidro, X chifi'm
94,12%
khoi
lupng.
Phdn tram khoi
lirpng
cua nguyen t6' X trong oxit cao nha't la
A.
50,00%
B.
40,00%
C.
27,27%
> - D.
60,00%
1.13. Ca'u hinh electron cua ion X^* la
ls^2s^2p^3s^3p^3d^.
Trong bang tuSn
hoan
cac nguyen to hoa hpc, nguyen t6' X thupc
A.
chu ki 4, nhom IIA. B. chu ki 4, nhom VIIIB.
C. chu ki 4, nhom
VIIIA.
D. chu ki 3, nhom VIB.
1.14. Nhan djnh nao sau day dung khi noi v6 3 nguyen
tijr:
^3 X ,

26
Y , ^^Z ?
A.
X va Y
CO
cung s6' notron.
B. X, Z la 2 d6ng vi ciia ciing m6t nguyfen t6' hoa hpc.
C. X, Y
thu6c
Cling m6t nguyen t6' hoa hpc.
p.
X va Z
CO
ciing s6' kh6'i.
1.15. Cac nguyen t6' tir Li de'n F,
theo
chi^u tang ciia
dien
tich hat nhan thi
A.
ban
ki'nh
nguyen tu va d6 am dien d^u giam.
B. ban
kinh
nguyen tu va d6 am dien d^u tang.
C. ban
kinh
nguyen
tii

giam, d6 am dien tang.
D.
ban
kinh
nguyen tu
tang,
d6 am dien giam.
1.16. Cac
chat
ma phan tu
khong
phan cue la
A.
HBr, CO2, CH4. B. CI2, CO2, QHj.
C. NH3, Br^,
C2H4.
D. HCl,
C2H2,
Br2.
1.17. M6t ion M'^co t6ng .s6' hat proton, natron, electron la 79, trong do s6' hat
mang dien nhi^u hon s6' hat khdng
mang
dien la 19.
Ca'u hinh electron cua nguyen tir M la
A.
[Ar]3dHs'. B. [Ar]3dMsl
C. [Ar]3d'*4s'. D.
[Ar]3dMsl
1.18. Cac kim loai X, Y, Z c6 ca'u hinh electron nguyen
tijr

lAn
lupt
la:
ls^2s^2p'3s'; ls'2s^2p^3s^
ls^2s^2p'3s^3p'.
Day g6m cac kim loai xe'p
theo
chieu
tSng
ddn
tinh
khi'r
tiJr
trai
sang
phai la
A.
Y, Z, X. B. Z, X, Y.
C.X,Y,Z. D.Z,Y,X.
1.19. Day g6m cac kim loai c6 ca'u tao mang
tinh
the lap phuong tarn
khd'i
la
A.
Li, Na, K. B. Be, Mg, Ca.
C.Li,Na,Ca. D. Na, K, Mg.
1.20. Lien ket hoa hpc
giiJa
cac nguyen til trong phan njr H2O la lien ke't

A.
c6ng
hoa trj khong phan cue. B. hidro.
C.
cpng
hoa tri phan cue. D. ion.
2. PHAN UNG OXI HOA - KHLT, TOC DO PHAN UNO
VA CAN BANG HOA HOC
2.1.
Di kbit ion Cu^"^ trong dung dich
CUSO4
c6
the'
diing kim loai
A. Fe. B. Na.
C. K. D. Ba.
2.2.
Cho phiromg trinh hoa hoc cua phan ling tong hop amoniac:
N2(k)
+
3H2(k)
2NH3(k)
Khi tang ndng d6 ciia hidro Ifin 2 l^n, t6'c d6 phan ling thuan
A. tang len 8 Ian. B. giam di 2 iSn.
C. tang len 6 iSn. D. tang
Itn
2
l^n.
2.3.
Cho cac phan ung xay ra sau day :

(1) AgNOj +
Fe(N03)2
-» Fe(N03)3 +
Ag>l^
(2) Mn + 2HCI MnClj +
H21
Day cac ion sap xfi'p theo chi6u tang dSn tfnh oxi hoa la
A. ,Ag+, Fe3+, H+ ,
Mn2+.
B. Ag+
,
Mn^^, H+
,
Fe^+.
C.
Mn2+,
H+ , Ag+, Fe^^. D. Mn^^, H+ , Fe^+, Ag+.
2.4.
T6ng he s6' (cac so nguyen, t6'i gian) ciia tat ca cac chat trong phuomg
trinh phan ling giua Cu vdri dung djch HNO, dac, nong la
A. 10 B. 11
C.8 D.9
2.5.
Cho can bang hoa hoc:
2
SOj (k) +
O2
(k) <=:± 2
SO3
(k)

phan ung thuan la phan ling toa nhiet.
Phat bie'u dung la:
A. can bang chuydn djch theo chi^u nghich khi giam n6ng do
SO3
.
B.
Can bang chuyen dich theo chieu thuan khi giam ap suat he phan ling.
C. can bang chuyen dich theo chieu nghich khi giam n6ng do
O2
.
D.
can bang chuyg'n dich theo chieu thuan khi tang nhiet d6.
2.6. Cho can bang hoa hoc:
N2(k)
+
3H2(k)
^-=±
2NH3(k);
phan ung
thuan la phan ling toa nhiet.
can bang hoa hoc
khong
bi chuyS'n djch khi
A. thay doi ap sua't he. B. thay doi nong dd
N2.
C. thay doi nhiet
do.
D. them chat xiic tac Fe.
;.7.
Cho cac can bang hoa hoc:

N2
(k) + 3
H2
(k) < > 2
NH3
(k)
H2(k)
+
l2(k)
^
2S02(k)+ 02(k)
± 2HI(k)
2S03(k)
2N02(k) < > N204(k)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Khi thay d6i ap sua't, nhung can bang hoa hoc bi chuyen dich la
A. (1), (2), (3). B. (2), (3), (4).
C.(l),(3),(4). D.(l),(2),(4).
2.8.
Cho phan ung hoa hoc:
Fe +
CUSO4
FeS04 + Cu
Trong phan ung trSn xay ra:
A. str khtr Fe^"^ va sir oxi hoa Cu.
B.
sir

khur
Fe^+ va su khir Cu^+.
C. su oxi hoa Fe va su oxi hoa Cu.
D.
su oxi hoa Fe va su khur Cu^^.
2.9.
Cho cac can bang sau:
xt,t"
(1)
2S02(k)
+
02
(k)
(2) N2
(k) +
3H2
(k) ^
± 2S0., (k)
xt,t
± 2NH3
(k)
(3)
CO, (k) +
n,
(k)
± CO (k) + H2O (k)
(4)
2HI
(k)
±

H2
(k) +12 (k)
Khi thay d6i ap sua't, nhom gdm cac can bang hoa hoc d^u
khong
bi
chuye'n dich la
A.(l)va(2).
B.(l)va(3).
C. (3) va (4). D. (2) va (4).
2.10.
Cho cac phan ung sau:
(a)
4HC1
+ Pb02
->PbCl2+Cl2+2H20
(b) HCl +
NH4HCO3
—^
NH4CI
+
CO2
+
H2O
(c)
2HC1
+
2HNO3
>
2NO2
+

CI2
+
2H2O
(d)
2HC1
+ Zn >
ZnCl2
+
S6' phan ung trong do HCl the hien
ti'nh
khii
A.
4 B. 3
C. 2 D. 1
2.11. Cho chat xuc tac
Mn02
vao 100 ml dung dich
H2O2,
sau 60 giay thu duoc
33,6 ml khi Oj (cr
dktc).
T6'c do trung binh
ciia
phan ung
(tinh
theo
H2O2)
trong
60 giay tren la
A.

5,0.10' moV (/.s). B. 5,0.10^ mol/ (/.s).
C. 2,5.10-^ mol/ (Is). D.
1,0.10''
mol/ (/.s).
2.12. Cho day cac chat va ion: Zn, S, FeO, SOj,
N2,
HCl, Cu'% Cr. So chat va
ion CO
ca
tinh
oxi hoa va
tinh
khir
la
A.
6 B.5
C. 7 D. 4
2.13. Cho can bang:
2SO2
(k) +
O2
(k) < >
2SO,
(k).
Khi
tang nhiet d6 thl ti
khdi
cua
h6n
hop khi so vdi

H2
giam di.
Phat
bi^u
dung khi noi v6 can bang nay la:
A.
Phan
utig
thuan toa nhiet, can bang dich chuyin
theo
chi^u nghich khi
tang nhiet d6.
B.
Phan
ling
nghich thu nhiet, can bang dich
chuyfi'n
theo
chi6u thuan khi
tang nhiet dp.
C.
Phan
ling
nghich toa nhiet, can bang dich
chuyfin
theo
chi6u thuan khi
tang nhiet do.
D.
Phan

ung thuan thu nhiet, can bang dich chuydn
theo
chieu nghich khi
tang nhiet d6.
2.14. Nung nong
tiTng
cap cha't sau trong binh kin: (1) Fe + S (r), (2) FejO, +
CO (k), (3) Au + O2 (k), (4) Cu +
Cu(N0.,)2
(r), (5) Cu + KNo", (r),
(6)
Al + NaCl
(r).
Cac truong hcfp xay ra phan ung oxi hoa kim
loai
la
A.(l),(4),(5).
B. (2), (3), (4).
C. (2); (5), (6).
D.(l),(3),(6).
2.15. Cho
X
mol Fe tan hoan toan trong dung dich chiia y mol
H2SO4
(ti 16 x : y
=
2:5), thu duoc mot san phaim khu duy nha't va dung dich chi chira mu6'i
sunfat. S6' mol electron do luong Fe tren nhucmg khi bi hoa tan la
A.
2x. B. 3x.

C. y. D.2y.
2.16. Cho phan ung:
2C6H5-CHO
+ KOH ^ CfiHs-COOK +
CfiHs-CHj-OH
Phan
ung nay chung to
CfiH^-CHO:
A.
vira
the
hifin
tinh
oxi hoa,
vira
the hien
tinh
kh\i.
B.
chi th^ hien
tinh
oxi hoa.
C. chi th^ hien tinh
khur.
D.
khong the hien tinh khu va tinh oxi hoa.
2.17. Cho cac can bang sau:
(I)
2HI(k)
<=±

H2(k)
+
l2(k);
(II)
CaCO,
(r)
<=> CaO (r) +
CO2
(k);
(III) FeO
(r) + CO (k) < > Fe (r) +
CO2 (k);
(IV)
2S02(k) +
02(k)
< > 2SO;(k).
Khi
giam ap suat ciia
he, s6'
can bang bi chuye'n dich
theo
chieu nghich la
A.
4. B. 3. .
C. 2. D. 1.
2.18. Cho can bang hoa hoc: PCI, (k) < >
PCI3
(k) +
CI2
(k);

AH
> 0.
can
bang chuyen djch
theo
chieu thuan khi
A.
tang ap suat ciia he phan ung. B. tang nhiet do cua he phan ung.
C. them
PCI3
vao he phan ung. D. them
CI2
vao he phan ung.
2.19. Cho phan ung:
NajSO,
+ KMn04 + NaHS04 ^ Na2S04 + MnS04 +
K2SO4
+
H2O.
Tdng
he s6' ciia cac cha't (la
nhCing
so nguyen, t6'i gian) trong phuong trinh
phan ling la
A.
27. B.47.
C. 31. D. 23.
2.20. Nguyen tir S
dong
vai tro vijfa la cha't

khir,
vira
la chat oxi hoa trong phan
ling nao sau day?
A.
S + 2Na —^> Na2S.
B.
S +
3F2
^^SFfi.
C. S + 6HN0, (dac) —^
H2SO4
+
6NO2
+
2H2O.
D.
4S +
6NaOH(dac)
—^
2Na2S
+
Na2S203
+
3H2O.
3.
SUDIENLI
3.1. Khi hoa tan hidroxit kim loai
M(0H)2
bang mot luong

vira
du dung dich
H2SO4
20% thu duoc dung dich mudi trung hoa c6 ndng do
27,21%.
Kim
loai M la
A. Cu.
B. Zn.
C. Fe. aMg. ^
3.2. Trong
so cac
dung dich
:
Na^CO,,
KCl, CH^COONa,
NH4CI,
NaHS04,
QHsONa.
Nhifng dung dich
c6
pH
> 7 la
A.
NaoCO,, QH.ONa, CH,COONa.
B. NajCO,,
NH4CI.
KCl.
C. KCl, CftH,ONa, CH,COONa.
D.

NH4CI,
CH.COONa,
NaHS04.
3.3.
Khi
cho 100
ml dung dich KOH IM
vao 100
ml dung djch HCl thu
duoc
dung djch
c6
chiia
6,525
gam
chat
tan. N6ng dO
mol
(hoac
mol/1)
ciia
HCl
trong dung dich
da
dung
la
A.0,75M.
B.
IM.
C.0,25M.

D.0,5M.
3.4. Mot dung dich chiia
0,02
mol Cu^^
, 0,03
mol K"",
x
mol
CP
va
y mol
S04~. Tong
khdi
luong
cac
mudi
tan c6
trong dung dich
la 5,435 gam.
Gia tri
cija
x va y
Ian luot
la
A.
0,03
va
0,02. B. 0,05
va 0,01.
C.

0,01
va
0,03.
D.
0,02
va
0,05.
3.5.
Day g6m
cac
chat
deu lam quy tim am
chuyen
sang
mau xanh
la
A.
metyl amin,
amoniac,
natri
axetat.
B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hidroxit.
C. anilin, metyl amin,
amoniac.
D.
anilin,
amoniac,
natri hidroxit.
3.6. Dung dich HCl
va

dung dich
CH3COOH
c6
cung nong
d6
mol, pH
cua
hai dung dich tuong ung
la x va y.
Quan
he
giua
x va y la (gia
thie't,
ci[
100 phan tu
CH3COOH
thi
c6 1
phan tiJ dien li).
A.
y =
lOOx.
B. y = 2x.
C.
y = x- 2
D.
y = x + 2
3.7. Tron lan
V ml

dung dich NaOH 0,0IM
v6i V ml
dung dich HCl
0,03M
duoc
2V
ml dung dich
Y.
Dung dich
Y c6
pH
la
A.
2. B. 3.
C.l.
D.4.
3.8.
Cho cac
chat:
KA1(S04)2.12H20
,C2H30H
,C,2H220,,
(.saccarozo),CH3COOH,
Ca(0H)2,
CH3COONH4.
So
chat
dien li
la
A.

3. B. 4.
C.
5.
D.
2.
3.9.
Tron
100 ml
dung dich
c6
pH
= 1 g6m
HCl
va
HNO, vdi
100 i
il dung
dich NaOH ndng dO
a
(mol//), thu
duoc
200
ml dung dich
c6
pH
- !2.
Gia tri
cua a la
(biet
trong moi dung dich

[H^][OH
] = j
O""*)
A.
0,15. B. 0,30.
C.
0,03.
D.
0,12.
3.10.
Cho cac
dung djch
c6
ciing nong
do:
Na2C03(l), H2SO4 (2), I'CI
(3),
KNO3
(4).
Gia
tri pH
cua cac
dung djch
duoc
sap xep
theo
chili;
ang
tCr
trai

sang
phai
la
A.
(3), (2), (4), (1).
B.
(4), (1), (2),
(3).
C.
(1),(2).(3),(4).
D.(2),(3),(4),(l).
3.11.
Nho tir ttr
0,25
lit dung dich NaOH
1,04M
vao dung dich gdm
0,024
mol
FeCl,;
0,016
mol
Al2(S04),
va 0,04
mol H2SO4 thu
duoc
m
gam
kel
tiia.

Gia tri ciia
m la
A.
2,568. B. 1,560.
C.
4,128. D. 5,064.
3.12.
Day g6m cac ion
(khOng
ki 6€n su
phan
li cua
nude)
ciing
t6n tai
trong
mot dung dich
la
A.
Al'^ NH^
, Br ,
OH.
^2
PC
3-
B. Mg^^
K^ so^-
c.
H^
Fe'^ NO3, so^~.

D. Ag^ Na\,
cr.
3.13.
Tron
100
ml dung dich h6n hop gom H2SO4
0,05M
va
HCl 0,1M vdi
100
ml
dung djch
h6n
hop gom NaOH
0,2M va
Ba(OH)2
0,1M, thu
duoc
dung
djch
X.
Dung djch
X c6
pH
la
A.
12.8 B. 13,0
C.
1,0
D.

1,2
3.14. Dung dich
X
chiia hdn hop g6m Na^CO, 1,5M
va
KHCO, IM. Nho
tiir
tir
timg
giot cho den
het 200
ml dung djch HCl IM vao
100
ml dung djch
X,
sinh
ra V
lit khi (0 dktc). Gia trj ciia
V la
A.
3,36 B. 1,12
C.
4,48
D.
2,24
3.15.
D6't
chay
hoan
toan

m gam h6n hop 3
ancol
don
chirc,
thuOc
ciiiii,
day
d6ng dang, thu
duoc
3,808
lit khi CO2 (dktc)
va 5,4
gam H2O.
Gia trj
cCia
m la
A.
5,42. B. 4,72.
C.
7,42.
D.
5,72.
3.16. Dung djch X c6 chiia: 0,07 mol Na"^; 0,02 mol
SO4
va x mol OH . Dung
djch Y
CO
chiia
CIO4
, NO3 va y mol tdng s6' mol

CIO4
va NO3 la
0,04. Tr6n X va Y duoc 100 ml dung dich Z. Dung djch Z c6 pH (bo qua
su
difin
li cua HjO) la
A.
2. B. 13. .
C. 1. D. 12.
3.17. Cho dung dich Ba(HC03)2 Ian
luot
vao cac dung dich:
CaCl2,
Ca(NO,)2,
NaOH,
Na^CO,,
KHSO4,
Na2S04,
Ca(OH)2,
H2SO4, HCl.
S6'
trucfng
hop c6 tao ra ket tua la
A.
4. B. 7.
C. 5. D. 6.
3.18. Phat bieu nao sau day khong diing?
A.
Trong cac dung djch: HCl,
H2SO4, H2S

c6 cung ndng dd 6,01
M,
dung
dich
HjS
CO
pH Ion nha't.
B. Nho dung djch NH3 tir
tCr
tofi du vao dung djch
CUSO4,
thu dugc
kfi't
tua
xanh.
C. Dung djch
NajCO^lam
phenolphtalein kh6ng mau chuyen
sang
mau h6ng.
D.
Nho dung dich NH3
ti^
lit
tori
du vao dung djch
AICI3,
thu duoc ke't
tua
trSng.

3.19. Cho 150 ml dung djch KOH 1,2M tac dung vdi 100 ml dung djch
AICI3
n6ng d6 x
mol//,
thu dugc dung djch Y va 4,68 gam ket tua. Loai bo ket
tua,
them tie'p 175 ml dung djch KOH 1,2M vao Y, thu dugc 2,34 gam ket
tiia.
Gia trj ctia x la
A.
1,2.
B.0,8.
C.0,9.
D. 1,0.
3.20. Hoa tan h6n hgp g6m: KjO, BaO,
AI2O3,
Fe304
vao nude (du), thu dugc
dung
dich X va chat ran Y. Sue khf COj de'n du vao dung djch X, sau khi
cac phan
lirng
xay ra hoan toan thu dugc
kfi't
tua la
A.
K2CO3.
B.
BaCO,.
C. Fe(OH),. D.

Al(OH)v
4. PHI KIM
(cacbon,
silic, nito,
photpho,
oxi,
lini
huynh,
halogen)
4.1. Cho khi CO (du) di vao ong sii nung nong dung h6n hgp X g6m
AljO,,
MgO,
Fe304,
CuO thu dugc chat ran Y. Cho Y vao dung djch NaOH (du),
khuat
kT, thay con lai phSn khong tan Z. Gia six cac phan ung xay ra hoan
toan.
PhSn kh6ng tan Z gom.
A.
MgO,Fe,Cu. B. Mg, Fe, Cu.
C. MgO,
Fe304
, Cu. D. Mg,
Al,
Fe, Cu.
4.2
4.3
4.4.
4.5.
\6.

.7.
Cho 13,44 lit khf clo (a
dktc)
di qua 2,5 lit
dung
dich
KOH 6 100"C Sau
khi
phan
d-ng xay ra
hoan
toan,
thu
dugc
37,25
gam KCl
Dune
dich
KOH
trfin
c6
n6ng
d6 la ' * •
A.
0,2M. B. 0,4M
C.
0,48M.
D.
0,24M.
Trong phong thi nghiem, ngu5i ta

thucmg
di^u che'
HNO3
tir
A. NH3 va O2 . B.
NaN02
va
H2SO4
dac.
C.
NaN03
va
H2SO4
dac. D.
NaNOj
vk HCl
dac.
Trong phong thf nghiem, 6i d\6u ch6 m6t lugng nho khf X tinh khiet, ngu&i
ta dun nong dung djch amoni nitrit bao hoa. Khf X la
A. NO B.NO2.
C.N2O.
D.N2.
Trong phong thi nghidm, ngucfi ta
thuomg
dieu che clo bang
each
A.
dien phan nong
chay
NaCl.

B.
cho dung djch
HCl
dac tac dung vol
Mn02,
dun
n6ng.
C.
dien phan dung djch NaCl c6
mang
ngan.
D.
Cho
F2
My
CI2
ra khoi dung djch
NaCl.
Ha'p thu hoan
toan
4,48 1ft khf
CO2
(cr
dktc)
vao 500 ml dung dich
h6n
hgp NaOH 0,1M va
Ba(0H)2
0,2M, sinh ra m gam ket tua.
Gia

trj cua m la
A.
9,85.
C.
19,70.
Phan ung nhiet phan khong dung la
B.
11,82.
D.17,73.
.8.
A.
2KNO3
B.
NH4NO2
C.
NH4CI -
D.
NaHC03
Cho cac phan ung sau:
H2S
+ O2 (du) —^
NH3
+ O2
2KNO2
+ O2.
^ N2
+2H2O.
->
NH3 +
HCl.

-> NaOH +
CO2.
Khf
X + H2O
850"
CPt
^ KhfY+H20
NH4HCO3
+
HCl
loang ^ Khf Z +
NH4CI
+ HjO
11
Cac khf X, Y, Z thu dugc
l&n
luot la
A.
SO3 , NO, NH3 . B.
SO2 ,
N2,
NH3
.
C.
SO2
. NO,
CO2.
D. SO3 , N2, CO2.
4.9. C6ng thirc pbftn tu
ciia

hop chat khi tao bdi nguy6n t6' R va hidro la
RH3.
Trong
oxil
ma R c6 so
iioa
tri cao nhat thi oxi chiem 74,07% ve
kh6'i
,
luong. Nguyen t6' R la
A.S.
B.As.
C. N. D. P.
4.10. Cho 0,1 mol
P2O5
vao dung djch chiia 0,35 mo! KOH. Dung djch thu
duoc
CO
cac cha't:
A.
K3PO4,
K2HPO4.
B.
K2HP04,KH2P04.
C.
K3PO4,
KOH. D.
H3PO4,
KH2PO4
.

4.11. Dung djch X chira cac ion: Fe^+, SO^~,
NH4
, CF . Chia dung djch X
thanh hai phan bang nhau:
-
Phfin mot tac dung vdi lirong dir dung djch NaOH, dun nong thu durgc
0.672
lit khf (o dktc) va 1,07 gam ket tua;
-
PhSn hai tac dung vcfi krong du dung djch
BaCl^,
thu duoc 4,66 gam ket
tiia.
T6ng
khoi
iuong cac mudi khan thu
dupe
kiii
c6 can dung djch X la (qua
trlnh
CO
can chi c6
nude
bay hoi):
A.
3,73 gam. B. 7,04 gam.
C. 7,46 gam. D. 3,52 gam.
4.12.
Iron
5,6 gam bot sat vol 2,4 gam b6t luu huynh r6i nung nong (trong dieu

kien
khong c6 khong khi), thu dugc h6n hop ran M. Cho M tac dung v6\
lugng
du dung djch HCl,
giai
phong h6n hop khi X va con lai m6t ph^n
khong
tan G. De dot chay hoan toan X va G cSn
vira
du V lit khf O, (d
dktc).
Gia
trj cua V la
A.
4,48. B. 3,36.
C.'2,80. ' D. 3,08.
4.13. Chat khi X tan trong
nude
tao ra m6t dung djch lam chuyen mau quy tfm
thanh do va c6 th6 dugc dung lam cha't tay mau. Khf X la
A.
NH,. B.
CO2.
C.SO;. D.O3.
4.14. Khi nhiet phan hoan toan 100 gam m6i chat
saiK
KCIO3
(xiic
tac
MnOj),

KMn04,
KNO3
va
AgNO,,
chat tao ra lugng
O21dm
nhat la
A.
KMn04.
B. KNO,.
C.
KCIO3.
D.
AgNOj.
4.15. Cho
0,448
lit khf COj
(of
dktc) ha'p thu he't vao 100 ml dung dich chira h6n
hgp NaOH 0,06M va Ba(OH)2 0,12M, thu dugc m gam ket
tiia.
Gia
trj cua m la
A.
1,970.
B.
1,182.
C. 2,364. D. 3,940.
4.16. Hoa tan hoan toan 8,94 gam h6n hgp g6m Na, K va Ba vao
nucSc,

thu
dugc dung djch X va
2,688
1ft khf Hj
(dktc).
Dung djch Y g6m HCl va
H2SO4,
ti le mol tuong
irng
la 4 : 1. Trung hoa dung djch X bdi dung djch
Y,
tong
khdi
lugng cac mudi dugc tao ra la
A.
18,46 gam. B. 12,78 gam.
C. 14.62 gam. D. 13,70 gam.
4.17. Cho m gam NaOH vao 2 1ft dung djch NaHCO, ndng dd a
mol//,
thu dugc
2 1ft dung djch X. La'y 1 1ft dung djch X tac dung vdi dung djch
BaCl,
(du)
thu dugc 11,82 gam ket
tiia.
Mat khac, cho 1 1ft dung djch X vao
dung djch CaClj (du) rdi dun ndng, sau khi kdt
thiic
cac phan
ling

thu
dugc 7,0 gam kdt
tiia.
Gia trj
ciia
a, m tuong
ling
la
A.
0,04 va 4,8. B. 0,07 va 3,2.
C. 0,08 va 4,8. D. 0,14 va 2,4.
4.18. Nho tir tir dung djch NaOH den du vao dung djch X. Sau khi cac phan
irng
xay ra hoan toan chi thu dugc dung djch trong sudt.
Chat tan trong dung djch X la
A.CUSO4.
B.AlClv
C. Fe(N03),. D. Ca(HC03)2.
4.19. Hap thu hoan toan 3,36 1ft khf
CO2
(dktc) vao 125 ml dung dich Ba(0H)2
IM,
thu dugc dung djch X. Coi th^
tfch
dung djch khdng thay ddi, ndng
dd
mol cua cha't tan trong dung djch X la
A.
0,6M. B. 0,4M.
C. 0,2M. D. 0,1M.

4.20. Cho 0,015 mol radt
loai
hgp chat oleum vao
nude
thu dugc 200 ml dung
dich
X. De' trung hoa 100 ml dung djch X cSn
diing
200 ml dung djch
NaOH
0,15M. Ph^n tram ve
khdi
lugng
ciia
nguygn td luu
Imynh
trong
oleum
tren la
A.
32,65%. B. 23,97%.
C. 35,95%. D. 37,86%.
5. DA) CUONG
VE
KIM
LOAI
5.1.
ThiT
tir m6t s6' cap
chat

oxi
hoa -
khir trong day dien hoa nhu sau
:
Fe^^/Fe ;
Cu^+ZCu
;
Fc^-"/Fe^*
Cac
cap
ch?rt kh6ng phan
irng
v6i nhau
la
A.
Fe
va dung dich CuC);.
B.
Fe va
dung dich FCCI3
.
C. dung djch
FeCl2
va dung dich
CUCI2.
D.
Cu
va
dung dich
FeCls .

5.2. Cho 1,67 gam hOn hop hai
kim loai
d hai chu ki
lien tiep
thuOc
nhom
IIA
(phan nhom chi'nh nhom
II) tac
dung
he't v6i
dung dich HCl
(du),
thoat ra
0,672
lit khi H2 (cr dktc). Hai kim loai
do la
A.
MgvaCa.
B.
Cava
Sr.
C.
Be
va Mg. D.
Sr
va
Ba.
5.3. Dicn phan dung dich chi'ra
a

mol
CUSO4
va
b
mol NaCl (vdi dien
cue
tro,
CO
inarg
ngan
xdp).
Di
dung dich
sau
dien phan
Ihm
phenolphtalein
chuyen
sang
mau hong thi dieu kien
cua a
va
b la
(bie't ion 804" khdng
bi
dien phan trong dung dich)
A^2b-a.
B. b<2a.
C.
b = /a. b. b>2a.

5.4. Co 4
dimg dich rieng biet: HCl,
CuO„
FeCl,,
HCl
c6 iSn
CuClj. Nhiing
vao mOi dung dich mot thanh
Fe
nguyen
cha't.
S6'
trucmg hop xuat hien
an
mon dien
hoa la
A.O.
B. 1.
C.
3. D.2.
5.5. Day cac
ion
xep
theo
chieu
giam dan
tinh
oxi
hoa la
(bie't trong

day
dien
hoa,
cap Fe^^/Fe^^
diing
trudc
cap
Ag+/Ag)
:
A.
Ag+ ,
Cu2+
,
Fe3+,
Fe2+
. B. Fe^^ ,
Cu2^
Ag+ , Fe^^ .
C. Ag^
Fe3+
,
Cu2\+ . D. Fe^^,
Ag^ , Cu^^ ,
Fe^^ .
5.6.
Dien phan dung dich CuClj
v6i
dien
cue
tro,

sau
mOt
thdi
gian ihu
duoc
0,32 gam Cu 6
catOt
va mot
luong
khi X b
anOt.
Hap thu
hoan
toan
luong khi
X
tren
vao 200 ml
dung dich NaOH
(6
nhiet
do
thirdng).
Sau
phan
ling,
nong
do
NaOH
con lai la

0,05M
(gia
thiet thd tich dung dich
khong thay dOi). Nong
do ban
dSu ciia dung dich NaOH
la
A.
0,15M
B.
0,2M
C.0,1M
D.0,05M
5.7.
Khi dien phan NaCl nong
chay
(dien
cue
tro), tai
catOt
xay ra
A.
su oxi hoa ion
Cr. B.
su oxi hoa ion Na*
.
C. su khir ion
Cr. D.
su khtr ion Na"^.
5.8.

Nhiet phan
hoan
toan
34,65 gam h6n hop g6m
KNQ,
va
Cu(N03)2,
thu
dugc
hOn hop khi
X
(ti
khdi
cua X so
vdfi
khi hidro
bang
18,8).
KhO'i
luong
Cu(NO,)2
trong hOn hcfp ban dAu
la
A.
20,50
gam.
B. 11,28
gam.
C.
9,40

gam.
D. 8,60
gam.
5.9. Kim
loai
M
phan
ling
duoc
vdi dung dich HCl, dung dich Cu(N03)2
-
dung dich
HNO3
(dac, nguOi).
Kim
loai
M la
A.
Al.
B.
Zn.
C.
Fe.
D. Ag.
5.10. D6't
chay
hoan
toan
7,2 gam
kim loai

M (c6 hoa
tri
II
khdng
doi
trong
hop
cha't)
trong
h6n
hop khi
CI2
va
Oj.
Sau
phan ung thu
dugc
23,0 gam
cha't
ran
va
the tich h6n hop khi
da
phan umg
la 5,6
lit
(b
dktc).
Kim
loai

M la
A.
Mg.
B. Ca.
C.
Be.
D. Cu.
5.11.
Dien phan
c6
mang
ngan
500 ml
dung djch chiia
h6n hop g6m
CUCI2
0,1M
va
NaCl
0,5M
(dien
cue
tro, hieu
suat
dien phan
100%)
vdi
cuong
do dong dien
5A

trong
3860
giay. Dung dich thu
dugc
sau
dien phan
c6
kha
nang
hoa
tan
m
gam Al.
Gia
tri Idn
nha't
cua m la
A.
5,40 B. 4,05
C.2,70
D. 1,35
5.12.
Dien phan nong
chay
AI2O3
vdi
anot
than chi (hieu
suat
dien phan

100%)
thu
dugc
m kg
Al
d
catot
va 67,2
m^ (d dktc) hdn hgp khi
X cd
ti
khdi
so
vdi
hidro
bang
16. La'y 2,24
lit (d dktc) hdn hgp khi
X sue vao
dung dich
nude v6i trong (du) thu
dugc
2
gam
ket
tiia.
Gia
tri
cua m la
A.

67,5 B. 54,0
C.
75,6 D. 108,0
5.13. Cho cac
hgp kim
sau:
Cu-Fe
(I);
Zn-Fe
(II);
Fe-C
(III);
Sn-Fe
(IV). Khi
tie'p
xuc
vdi dung dich
chat
dien li thi
cac
hgp kim
ma
trong
do Fe
deu
bi
an mdn trudc
la
A.
I, II va IV

B.
I, III va
IV
C. I, II va III D. II, III va
IV
91^
5.14. Phan
Ling
dien phan dung djch CuClj (vdi dien cue tra) va phan irng an
mon
dien hoa xay ra khi nhiing hop kim Zn-Cu vao dung djch HCl c6 dac
diem
la:
A. Phan ung 6 cue am eo sir tham gia cua kim loai hoac ion kim loai.
B.
Phan ling xay ra lu6n kem theo sir phat sinh dong dien.
C.
Deu sinh ra Cu
a
cue
am.
D.
Phan ung a cue duong deu la sir oxi hoa CI .
5.15. Cho 19,3 gam h6n hop hot gom Zn va Cu c6 ti le mol tucfng ung la 1 : 2
vao
dung dich chua 0,2 mol Fe2(S04),. Sau khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan
loan,
thu ducfc m gam kim loai. Gia tri cua m la
A. 12,00. B. 16,53.
C. 6,40. D. 12,80.

5.16. Nung 2,23 gam h6n hop X gom cac kim loai Fe, Al, Zn, Mg trong oxi,
sau
mot thai gian thu duac 2,71 gam h6n hop Y. Hoa tan hoan toan Y vao
dung
dich UNO, (du), thu duac
0,672
lit khi NO (san pham khir duy nhat,
a
dktc).
So mol HNO, da phan ling la
A. 0,12. B.0,14.
C. 0,16. D. 0,18.
5.17. Dien phan (vdi dien cue tra) 200 ml dung dich CUSO4 n6ng do x mol//,
sau
mot thori gian thu dugc dung dich Y vSn con mau xanh, c6 khdi lugng
giam
8 gam so vdi dung dich ban d^u. Cho 16,8 gam hot sdt vao Y, sau
khi
cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugfc 12,4 gam kim loai. Gia tri
ciia
X
la
A.
2,25. B. 1,50.
C. 1,25. D. 3,25.
5.18. Cho dung djch X chiia KMn04 va H2SO4 (loang) Mn luat vao cac dung
djch:
FeClj,
FeS04, CUSO4, MgS04, HjS, HCl (dac).
So

truofng hop c6 xay ra phan ling oxi hoa - khir la
A.
3. B. 5.
C. 4. D. 6.
5.19. Cho biet thiJ tu tir trai sang phai ciia cac cap oxi hoa - khir trong day di6n
hoa
(day the' dien cue chuSin) nhu sau: Zn^YZn;
Fe^^/Fe;
Cu^VCu;
Fe'^e^^;
AgVAg.
Cac
kim loai va ion d^u phan ung duoc vdi ion
Fe^"^
trong dung dich la:
A. Zn, Ag^ B. Zn, Cu'^
C. Ag, Fe'\. Ag, C\i^\
6. KIM LOAI KIEM, KIM LOAI KIEM THO, NHOM, SAT
6.1.
Cho mot mau hop kim Na-Ba tae dung vdi nude (du), thu duac dung dich
X va 3,36 lit H2 (or dktc). The tieh dung djch axit
H2SO4
2M can dung de
trung hoa dung dich X la
A. 150 ml. B. 75 ml.
C. 60 ml. D. 30 ml.
6.2. ITiem m gam kali vao 300 ml dung dich chiJa
Ba(OH)2
0,1M va NaOH
0,1M thu duoc dung djch X. Cho tir tir dung dich X vao 200 ml dung dich

Al2(S04)3
0,1M thu dugc ke't tua Y. Di thu dugc lugng ket tiia Y Idn nha't
thi gia tri ciia m la .
A. 1,59. B. 1,17.
C. 1,71. D. 1,95.
6.3.
Hoa tan hoan toan 3,22 gam h6n hgp X g6m Fe, Mg va Zn bang mot
lugng vira du dung dich
H2SO4
loang thu dugc 1,344 lit hidro (dktc) va
dung dich ehufa m gam mudi. Gia tri ciia m la
A. 9,.52. B. 10,27.
C. 8,98. D. 7,25.
6.4.
Cho
kim loai M tac dung vdi
CI2
dugc mudi X ; cho kim loai M tac dung
vdi HCl dugc mudi Y. Neu cho kim loai M tac dung vdi mudi X ta cQng
dugc mudi Y. Kim loai M cd the la
A. Mg. B.Zn.
C. Al. D. Fe.
6.5. Hoa tan hoan toan hdn hgp X gdm Fe va Mg bang mdt lugng viJa dii
dung dich HCl 20%, thu dirge dung djch Y. Ndng do cua FeClj trong
dung dich Y la 15,76%. Ndng dd phfin tram eiia MgClj trong dung dich
Yla '
A. 24,24%. B. 11,79%.
C.
28,21%.
D. 15,76%.

6.6. Cho 4,48 lit khf CO (dktc)
tiir
tir di qua dng nung ndng dung 8 gam mdt
oxit sat den khi phan
ling
xay ra hoan toan. Khi thu dugc sau phan ung cd
ti khdi so vdi hidro
bang
20. Cdng thiic ciia sat oxit va phSn tram the ti'ch
ciia khi
CO2
trong hdn hgp khf sau phan
ling
la
A. FeO; 75%. " B. Fe203 ; 75%.
C. FcjOj ; 65%. D. Fe304 ; 75%.
6.7. Cho hdn hgp X gdm Mg va Fe vao dung dich H2SO4 dac, ndng den khi
phan
I'mg
xay ra hoan
toan,
thu dugc dung dich Y va mdt phSn Fe khdng
tan. Chat tan cd trong dung dich Y la
A. MgS04va FeS04. B. MgS04.
C. MgS04 va
Fe2
(SO4
)3.
D. MgS04 , Fez
(SO4

)3,
FeS04.
6.8. Nung 13,4 gam h6n hop 2 mu6'i
cacbonat
cua 2
kirii
loai
hoa tri
II,
thu
duoc 6,8 gam chat ran va khi X. Luong khi X sinh ra cho ha'p thu vao
75ml
dung dich NaOH IM,
kh6'i
luong mu6i khan thu dugc sau phan
iJng la
A.
4,2 gam. B. 5,8 gam.
C. 6,3 gam. D. 6,5 gam.
6.9. Cho h6n hop Fe, Cu phan ung vdi dung dich HNO, loang. Sau khi phan
ling
hoan loan, thu diroc dung dich chi chiia m6t cha't tan va kim
loai
du.
Chat tan do la
A. HNO3.
B. Fe(N03)2.
C.
Cu(N03)2.
D. Fe(N03)3.

6.10. Cho 6,72 gam Fc vao dung dich chua 0,3 mol
H2SO4
dac, nong (gia thiS't
SO2
la
san pham
khijr
duy nhat). Sau
khi
phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu duoc
A.
0,03 mol
Fe2 (804)3
va 0,06 mol
FeS04.
B.
0,02 mol
Fe2 (804)3
va 0,08 mol
FeS04.
C. 0,12 mol
FeS04.
D.
0,05 mol
Fe2 (SO4 )3
va 0,02 mol Fe dir.
6.11. Nung m gam b6t sat trong oxi, thu dugc 3 gam h6n hop cha't ran X. Hoa
tan het h6n hop X trong dung dich HNO, (du), thoat ra 0,56 1ft (6 dktc)
NO
(la san ph^im khu duy nhat). Gia tri cua m la

A.
2,62. B. 2,32.
C. 2,52. D. 2,22.
6.12. H6n hop X g6m Na va
Al.
Cho m gam X vao m6t lucmg du nudrc thi thoat
ra V 1ft khf. Neu cung cho m gam X vao dung dich NaOH (du) thi thu
dugc 1,75 V 1ft khf.
Th&nh
phitn ph^n tram theo
khd'i
lugng
ciia
Na trong
X
la (biet the
tfch
khf do d cung di^u kien)
A.
29,87%. B. 39,87%.
C. 49,87%. D.
77,31%.
6.13. Cho 200 ml dung dich
AlCl,
1,5M tac dung vdi V lit dung dich NaOH
0,5M,
lugng ket tua thu dugc la 15,6 gam.
Gia
tri
lorn

nhat
ciia
V la
A.
2. B. 2,4.
C. 1,2. D. 1,8.
6.14. Hoa tan hoan toan h6n hgp gdm 0,12 mol
FeS2
va a mol CujS vao axit
HNO,
(vira
dii),
thu dugc dung djch X (chi chua hai muO'i sunfat) va khi
duy nhat NO. Gia tri cua a la
A.
0,04. B. 0,075.
CO, 12.
D.0,06.
10
6.15. Trgn dung dich chiia a mol
AlCl,
vdi dung djch chira b mol NaOH. D6
thu
dugc k€t tua thi cSn c6 ti 16
A.
a:b=l:4 B. a:b<l:4
C. a:b=I:5 D. a:b>l:4
6.16. Hoa tan 5,6 gam Fe bang dung dich
H2SO4
loang (du), thu dugc dung

djch
X. Dung dich X phan
ling
viia
dii vdi V ml dung dich
KMn04
0,5M.
Gia
trj cua V la (cho Fe = 56)
A.80
B. 40
C. 20 D. 60
6.17. Cho 11,36 gam h6m hgp g6m Fe, FeO,
Fe203
va
FC3O4
phan ung hd't
vdri
dung dich
HNO3
loang (du), thu dugc 1,344 1ft khf NO (san phdm
khu
duy nhat, a dktc) va dung dich X. C6 can dung dich X thu dugc m
gam muoi khan. Gia tri cua m la
A.
35,50. B. 34,36.
C. 49,09. D. 38,72.
6.18. Hoa tan hoan toan 0,3 mol h6n hgp g6m Al va
AI4C3
vao dung dich

KOH
(du), thu dugc a mol h6n hgp khf va dung dich X. Sue khf CO2
(du)
vao dung dich X, lugng ket
tiia
thu dugc la 46,8 gam.
Gia tri
cua a la
A.
0,55. B. 0,60.
C. 0,45. D. 0,40.
6.19. Cho 2,13 gam h6n hgp X gdm ba kim
loai
la Mg, Cu va Al 6 dang b6t tac
dung hoan toan vdi oxi, thu dugc hdn hgp Y gdm cac
oxit
c6
khdi
lugng
3,33 gam.
The
tfch
dung dich HCl 2 M
vira
dii
de phan ung het
vdri
Y la
A.
50

ml.
B. 57 ml.
C. 75
ml.
D. 90 ml.
6.20. D6 hoa tan hoan toan 2,32 gam hdn hgp gdm FeO, Fe304 va Fe20, (trong do
sd
mol
FeO bang sd
mol
Fe203), c^n dung vua
dii
V 1ft dung djch HCl IM.
Gia tri
cua V la:
A.
0,16. B.0,18.
C. 0,23. D. 0,08.
6.21. Cho hdn hgp gdm Na va Al cd ti le sd mol tuong
ling
1 : 2 vao
nude
(du).
Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc 8,96 1ft khf
H2
(d dktc)
va m gam chat ran kh6ng tan.
Gia
tri
ciia

m la
A.
5,4. B. 7,8.
C. 10,8. D.43,2.
6.22. Cho V h't dung djch NaOH 2M vao dung dich chiia 0,1 mol Al2(S04)3 va
0,1 mol
H2SO4
den khi phan
I'mg
hoan loan, thu dugc 7,8 gam
ke'l
tua.
Gia
trj 1dm nha't cua V di thu dugc luang ket tua
trfin
la
A.
0,35. B. 0,45.
C. 0,25. D. 0.05.
6.23. Cho h6n hop bot g6m 2,7 gam Al va 5,6 gam Fe vao 550 ml dung dich
AgNO,
IM.
Sau khi cac phan
irng
xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc m gam chat
ran. Gia tri cua m la
A.
32,4. B.64,8.
C. 59,4. D. 54,0.
6.24. Nung nong m gam h6n hgp Al va

Fe203
(trong m6i trucmg kh6ng c6
khong
khi) den khi phan
ling
xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hgp rSn Y.
Chia
Y thanh 2 phan bang nhau:
-
Phiin
1 tac dung vdi dung dich
H2SO4
loang (du), sinh ra 3,08 lit khi H2
(a
dktc).
-
Phan
2 tac dung vdi dung dich NaOH (du), sinh ra 0,84 lit khi H2 (6
dktc).
Gia
tri
ciia
m la
A.
22,75. B. 29,43.
C. 29,40. D. 21,40.
6.25. Nung mot h6n hgp ran g6m a mol FeCO, va b mol
FeSz
trong binh km
chiJa khong khi (du). Sau khi cac phan iJng xay ra hoan toan, dua binh v^

nhiet do ban
dilu,
thu dugc chat ran duy nha't la
Fe20,
va h6n hgp khi.
Biet
ap
suat
khi trong binh
trirdfc
va sau phan
ling
bang nhau, moi
lien
h6
giOa
a va b la (biet sau cac phan iJng, luu huynh d
miic
oxi hoa +4, the
ti'ch
cac chat ran la kh6ng dang ki):
A.
a = 0,5b. B. a = b.
C. a = 4b. D. a = 2b.
6.26. Cho 9,12 gam h6n hgp g6m FeO,
Fe203,
Fe304 tac dung vert dung dich
HCl
(du). Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, dugc dung dich Y; cd
can Y thu dugc 7,62 gam

FeCl2
va m gam FeCl3.
Gia
tri
ciia
m la:
A.
9,75. B. 8,75.
C. 7,80. D. 6,50.
6.27. Cho 1,9 gam h6n hgp mu6'i
cacbonat
va hidrocacbonat
cija
kim
loai
ki^m
M
tac dung het
vdfi
dung dich HCl (du), sinh ra
0,448
lit khi (or
dktc).
Kim
loai
M la
A.Na.
B.K.
CRb.
D.Li.

6.28.
Anh
hucmg
ciia
nhom -OH d6n g6c C.H, - trong phan
tii
phenol thi hien
qua phan
ling
giua phenol vd'i
A.
dung dich NaOH. B. Na kim
loai.
C. nuorc
Br2
. D. H2
(Ni,
nung nong).
6.29. Chia m gam Al thanh hai phan bang nhau:
-
PhSn mgt tac dung v6i lugng du dung dich NaOH, sinh ra x mol khi Hj.
-
Phan
hai tac dung vdi lugng du dung dich
HNO3
loang, sinh ra y mol
khi N2O
(san pham khu duy nha't).
Quan he giiJa x va y la
A.

y = 2x. B. X = y.
C. X = 4y. D. X = 2y.
6.30. Hoa tan hoan toan Fe304 trong dung dich
H2SO4
loang (du) dugc dung
dich
X|. Cho lugng du bdt Fe vao dung dich X, (trong dieu kien khong c6
khdng
khi) d6'n khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich X2
chiia
cac cha't tan la
A. Fe2
(804)3
va
H2SO4
. B.
FeS04.
C. Fe2(S04)3. D.
FeS04
va
H2SO4.
6.31. Hoa tan het 7,74 gam h6n hgp bdt Mg, Al bang 500 ml dung dich h6n
hgp HCl IM va
H2SO4
0,28M thu dirge dung dich X va
8,736
lit khi
H2
(cy
dktc).

C6 can dung djch X thu dugc lugng mu6'i khan la
A.
38,93
gam. B. 25,95 gam.
C. 103,85 gam. D. 77,86 gam.
6.32. D6't nong m6t h6n hgp gom Al va 16 gam FcjO, (trong di^u kien khong
CO
khong khi) den khi phan
irng
xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hgp ran
X.
Cho X tac dung
viira
du
v&i
V ml dung dich NaOH IM sinh ra 3,36 lit
H2
(6 dktc).
Gia
tri
ciia
V la
A.
300. B. 100.
C. 200. D. 150.
6.33. Cho m, gam Al vao 100 ml dung dich gom Cu(N03)2 0,3M va AgN03
0,3M.
Sau khi cac phan
ling
xay ra hoan torn thi thu dugc mj gam chat

ran X. Neu cho mj gam X tac dung v6i lugng du dung dich HCl thi thu
dugc
0,336
lit khi (d
dktc).
Gia tri
ciia
m, va
m2
Ian lugt la
A.
8,10 va 5,43. B. 1,08 va 5,43.
C. 0.54
va
S ifi nin8va5.l6.
6.34. Hoa tan hoan toan m gam h6n hop X g6m NHJO va
Al^O,
vao H2O thu
duac 200 ml dung dich Y chi chiia chat tan duy nha't c6 n6ng d6 0,5M.
Thoi
khi
CO2
(du) vao Y thu duac a gam ket
tiia.
Gia tri cua m va a Mn
lugt
la
A.
8,3 va 7,2. B. 11,3 va 7,8.
C. 13,3 va 3,9. D. 8,2 va 7,8.

6.35. Cho dung dich chura 0,1 mol (NH4)2C03 tac dung \di dung dich
chiJa
34,2 gam Ba (OH)2. Sau phan
utig
thu dugc m gam ket
tiia.
Gia
tri
ciia m la
A.
19,7. B. 39,4.
C. 17,1. D. 15,5.
6.36. Cho m gam h6n hop X gom FeO, FcjO,, Fe,04 vao m6t lucmg vCra
dii
dung
djch
HCl 2M, thu duoc dung djch Y c6 ti It s6 mol Fe^^ va Fe'^ la 1 : 2.
Chia Y thanh hai ph^n bang nhau. Co can phan m6t thu dugc m, gam
muoi
khan. Sue khi clo (du) vao phan hai, c6 can dung dich sau phan
irng
thu
dugc mj gam mu6'i khan. Bie't m2 - m, = 0,71.
The' ti'eh dung djch HCl da dung la
A.
240
ml.
B. 80 ml.
C. 320
ml.

D. 160 ml.
6.37. Cho m gam Mg vao dung dich chiia 0,12 mol FeClv Sau khi phan
ling
xay ra hoan toan thu dirge 3,36 gam chat ran. Gia tri cua m la
A.
2,16
B.5,04
C. 4,32 D. 2,88
6.38. Hoa tan hoan toan
8,862
gam h6n hgp
Al
va Mg vao dung dich HNO, loang,
thu
dugc dung dich X va 3,136 lit (cf dktc) h6n hgp Y gom hai khi khong
• mau, trong do co m6t khi hoa nau trong kh6ng
khi.
Kh6'i
lurgng
cua Y la 5.18
gam. Cho dung djch NaOH (du) vao X va dung nong, kh6ng c6 khi mui khai
thoat ra. Phan trSm
khoi
lugng ciia Al trong h6n hgp ban dau la
A.
19,53%
B.
12,80%
C.
10,52%

D.
15,25%
6.39. Hoa tan hoan toan 47,4 gam phen chua
KA1(S04)2.12H20
vao nude thu
dugc dung djch X. Cho toan b6 X tac dung wdi 200 ml dung djch Ba(OH)2
IM,
sau phan umg thu dugc m gam k6't
tiia.
Gia tri m la
A.
7,8 B. 46,6
C. 54,4 D. 62,2
6.40. Hoa tan hoan toan 2,9 gam h6n hgp g6m kim loai M va oxit ciia no vao
nuoc, thu dugc 500 ml dung dich chiia mot chat tan c6 nong d6 0,04M va
0,224
lit khi H2
(or
dktc).
Kim ioai M la
A.
Ca B. K
C. Na D. Ba
6.41. Hok tan hoan to^n
20,88
gam m6t
oxit
sat bang dung dich
H2SO4
dftc,

nong thu
dugc
dung dich X va
3,248
lit khi SO2 (san phdm khir duy nWt,
Cf
dktc). C6 can dung dich X, thu
dugc
m gam mu6'i sunfat khan.
Gia
tri ciia m 1^
A.
48,4 B. 52,2
C.
58,0 D. 54,0
6.42. Hoa tan m gam h6n hgp Al, Fe v^o dung dich
H2SO4
loang (du). Stw khi
cdc phan utig xay ra hoan tokn, thu
dugc
dung dich X. Cho
dur»g
«^ch
Ba(OH)2 (du) vao dung dich X, thu
dugc
ket tiia Y. Nung Y
trong
kh6ng
khi
de'n kh6'i lugng kh6ng ddi, thu

dugc
chat
ran Z la
A.
h6n hgp g6m
AljO,
va
Fe203
B. h6n hgp g6m
BaS04
vk Fe^Oj
C.
h6n hgp g6m
BaS04
va FeO D. FcjO,.
6.43. Nung nong m gam h6n hgp g6m Al va
Fe304
trong
dieu
kifin
khdng c6
khCng
khi. Sau khi phan ling xay ra hoan
toan,
thu
dugc
h6n hgp rftn X.
Cho X tac dung v6i dung dich NaOH (du) thu
dugc
dung dich Y, chAt rdn

Z
va 3,36 lit khi H2 (d dktc). Sue khi CO2 (du) vao dung dich Y, thu dugc
39 gam ket tua. Gia tri cua m Ik
A.
48,3 B. 45,6
C.
36,7 D. 57,0
6.44. Hoh tan hoan
toan
12,42 gam Al bang dung dich HNO, loang (du), thu
dugc
dung dich X vk 1,344 lit (d
dktc)
h6n hgp khi Y g6m hai khi
\k
N^O
va Nj. Ti khfi'i cCia h6n hgp khi Y so vdi khi
H2
la 18. C6 can dung djch X,
thu
dugc
m gam chat ran khan. Gia tri ciia m
\k
A.
34,08
B.
38,34
C.
106,38
D.

97,98
6.45. Cho 7,1 gam h6n hgp g6m m6t kim loai ki^m X va m6t kim loai ki^m Ad
Y tac dung he't vori lugng du dung dich HCl loang, thu
dugc
5,6 lit khi
(dktc). kim loai X, Y Ik
A.
kali va bari. B. kali va canxi.
C.
natri vk
magic.
D.
liti
va beri.
6.46. Hok tan hoan
toan
2,44 gam h6n hgp b6t X g6m Fe,Oj, wk Cu bang v**iag
dich
H2SO4
dac nong (du). Sau phan ling thu
dugc
0,504
lit khi SOj (san
ph^m
khijf
duy nh^t, a
dktc)
va dung dich chiia 6,6 gam h6n hgp mu6'i
sunfat. Ph^n
tram

khd'i lugng ciia Cu
trong
X
\k
A.
39,34%.
B.
65,57%.
C.
26,23%.
D. 13,11%.
6.47.
Tfon
10,8 gam bdt Al
vori
34,8 gam b6t Fe304 r6i tie'n hanh phan dmg
v.u/nhiet
nh6m trong di^u kien kh6ng c6 khong khi. Hoa tan hoan loan h6n
hop ran sau phan
irng
bang dung dich
H2SO4
loang (du), thu duoc 10,752
lit
khi
Hj
(dklc).
Hieu
suat
cua phan

umg
nhiet nh6m la
A.
80%.
B.
90%.
C. 70%. D.60%.
6.48.
Hoa tan hoan loan 2,45 gam h6n hop X gom hai kim
loai
kiem tho vao
,.
200 ml dung dich HCl 1,25M, thu dirge dung dich Y chiia cac chat tan c6
nong do mol bang nhau. Hai kim
loai
trong X la
A.
MgvaCa. B. Be va
Mg.
>
C.MgVa
Sr D. Be va Ca.
6.49.
Cho 1,56 gam h6n hop gom
Al
va
AI2O,
phan
ifng
het v6i dung dich HCl

(dir),
thu dugc V lit khf Hj (dktc) va dung dich X. Nho tir tCr dung dich
,
NH-,
den du vao dung dich X thu dugc ket
tiia,
Igc het lugng ke'l
tiia,
nung
.
den
khfi'i
lugng kh6ng ddi thu dugc 2,04 gam
cha't
ran.
•
GiatricuaVla
A.
0,224. B.
1,344.
C; 0,672. D. 0,448.
6.50. Cho 9,125 gam muoi hidrocacbonat phan
irng
het
vdri
dung dich
H2SO4
(du),
thu dugc dung dich chu-a 7,5 gam muoi sunfat trung hoa.
C6rig

thuc cua muoi hidrocacbonat la
A.
MglHCO,)^.
B.NaHCO,.
C. Ca(HCO,)2. D. Ba(HC0,)2-
6.51.
Cho h6n hgp gom 6,72 gam Mg va 0,8 gam MgO tac dung het vdi lugng
du
dung dich HNO,. Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc
0,896
lit
mot khi X (dktc) va dung dich Y. Lam bay hdi dung dich
Ythu
dirge 46
g-im
mu6 khan.
Khi
X la
A.
N2O.
B.
NO.
C. N2. D. NO2.
6.52. Cho 29,8 gam h6n hgp hot g6m Zn va Fe vao 600 ml dung dich
CUSO4
•
' 0,5M. Sau khi ede phan
irng
xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich X va
30,4 gam h6n hgp kim

loai.
Phan
tram ve
khoi
lugng
ciia
Fe trong h6n
hgpbanddula
A.
37,58%. B. 64,42%:
C. 43,62%. D. 56,37%.
7.
TONG
HdP NQl
DUNG
CAC
KIEN
THUC
HOA \6 CO THUOC
CHUONG
TRINH
PHO
THONG
7.1.
Cho cac cap
kim
loai
nguyen chat
tifip
xiic

true tiep vai nhau : Fe va
Pb
; Fe
va Zn ; Fe va Sn ; Fe va
Ni.
Khi
nhiing
cac kim
loai
tien vao
duiig
dich
axit,
s6' cap
kim
loai
trong do Fe bi pha
hiiy
trudc la
A.
4. B. 1.
C. 2. D. 3.
7.2.
Co the dung NaOH (d the ran) dc lam kh6 cac chat khi
A.
NH3,S02,CO,Cl2. B. N2,N02,C02,CH4,H2.
C.
NH3,02,N2,CH4,H2.
D. N2,Cl2,02,C02,H2.
7.3.

Cho
S0
do phan ung : NaCl (X)
NaHCOj
^
(Y)
->
NaNOj.
XvaYcolhe'la
A.
NaOH va
NaClO.
B. Na2C03 va NaClO.
C. NaC103 va Na2C03. D. NaOH va Na2C03.
7.4. Trong cac dung dich :
HNO3,
NaCl,
Na2S04,Ca(OH)2,
KHSO4,
Mg(N03)2,
day gom cac chat d6u tac dung dirge vdi dung dich
Ba(HC03)2
la
A.
HN03,NaCl, Na2S04.
B.
HN03,Ca(OH)2,KHS04,Na2S04.
C.
NaCl.
Na2S04,Ca(OH)2.

D.
HN03,Ca(OH)2,KHS04,Mg(N03)2.
7.5.
H6n
hgp X chira NajO,
NH4CI,
NaHCO, va BaCl2 c6 so mol m6i chat de
bang nhau. Cho
h(5n
hgp X vao
H2O
(du),
dun nong, dung
dich
thu dugc chiia
A.
NaCi,
NaOH,
BaCl2.
B.
NaCl.
C.
NaCl,
NaOH.
D.
NaCl,
NaHCO,,
NH4CI,
BaCl2.
7.6.

Cho tir
tijr
dung dich chira a mol HCl vao dung dich chiia b mol N ;0,
dong
thdi
khuay deu, thu dugc V 1ft khi (a dktc) va dung dich X. Kni cho
du
nirdc v6i trong vao dung dich X thay c6 xua't hien ket
tiia.
Bieu
thu-c
lien
he
giira
V
vdri
a, b la
A.
V = 22,4(a-b).
B.
V = 11,2(a - b).
C.V=
ll,2(a
+ b). D. V = 22,4(a + b).
7.7.
Cho
cac
phan ling sau
:
a) FeO+HN03d,,„,,„g

^
b)
FeS+H2S04j,,„,„g
c) AI2O3
+
HNO3,->
d) Cu
+
dung djch
FeClg
t)
CH3CHO
+H2
)
f)
glucozo+
AgN03
(hoSic
Ag20)trong dung dich NH3
->
g) C2H4
+
Br^
->
h) glixerol (ghxerin)
+
Cu(0H)2
->
Day g6m
cac

phan Crng diu
thu6c
phan img oxi hoa
-
khuf
la
A.
a,
b, d,
e, f, h B. a,
b, d,
e, f, g
C.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e, h
D.
a,
b,
c,
d,
e, g.
7.8. Khi
nung nong
h6n hop cac
chat
Fe(N03)2,
Fe(OH),

va
FeCO,
trong
khOng khi de'n kh6'i luong kh6ng d6i, thu
dugc
m6t
chat
ran Ik
A.
Fe304 B. FeO
C.
Fe D. Fe203
7.9.
Ha'p thu
hoan
toan
2,688
1ft khi CO2 (cr dktc) va
2,5
1ft dung dich
Ba(0H)2
n6ng
d6
a
mol/lft, thu
duoc
15,76
gam ke't tiia.
Gik
tri cua

a la ,
A.
0,032 B. 0,048
C.0,06
D.0,04
7.10.
Cho day
cac
cha't
:
Ca(HC03)2
,
NH4CI,
(NH4)2S04,
ZnS04
, A1(0H)3,
Zn(OH)2.
SO'
chat
trong day
c6
tfnh
chat
luofng tfnh
la
A.
3 B. 5
C.
2
D.

4
7.11.
Menh dg
khong
dung
la
A.
Fe^"^ oxi hoa
dugc
Cu.
B.
Fe
khir
dugc
Cu^"^ trong dung dich.
C.
Fe-''^
CO
tfnh oxi hoa manh hon Cu^^.
D.
Tfnh oxi h6a ciia
cac
ion tang
theo
thii
tu:
Fe^"*",
H"*",
Cu^"^, Ag"^.
7.12. X

\k
kirn
loai phan ung
dugc
v6i dung dich
H2SO4
loang,
Y
Ik
kirn
loai
tac dung
dugc
vdi dung dich
Fe(N03)3
•
Hai
kirn
loai
X, Y
l^n lugt Ik:
(bie't
thu- tu day the' dien hoa:
FQ^*/Fe^-^
dung
tru6c
Ag""/Ag).
A.
Ag, Mg.
C.

Fe,
Cu.
7.13. Cho
cac
phan ling sau:
t"
(1)
Cu(N03)2
•
(3) NH3
+
O2
(5)
NH4CI
—
850" CPt
Cac phan ling d^u tao khf N2
la:
A.(l),
(3), (4).
C.
(2), (4), (6).
B. Cu,
Fe.
D.
Mg, Ag.
(2) NH4NO2
—
.
(4)

NH3
+
CI2
(6) NH3
+
CuO
B.(l),
(2), (5).
D.
(3),
(5),
(6).
7.14. Cho cac
cha't:
Al,
AI2O3,
AI2
(804)3,
Zn(OH)2, NaHS, K2SO3,
(NH4)2C03.
SO'
chat
d6u phan ihig
dugc
vdi dung dich HCl, dung djch NaOH Ik
A.
6
chat.
B. 4
chaft.

C.
5
chat.
D.
7
cha't.
7.15.
Cho
V
1ft h6n hgp khi
(o
dktc) g6m CO va H2 phan irng \6i m6t lugng du
hOn hgp ran g6m CuO vk
Fe,04
nung nong. Sau khi phan ling xay
ra
ho^n
toan, khO'i lugng h6n hgp ran giam
0,32
gam.
Gia tri ciia
V
Ik
A.
0,112. B. 0,560.
C.
0,224.
D.
0,448.
7.16.

TiJr
hai mu6'i
X
va
Y
thuc
hifin
cac
phan ung sau:
X
X, +
CO2
X, + H2O
-> X2
X2+Y
^ X + Y, +
H2O
X2+2Y ->X
+
Y2
+
2H20
Hai
muO'i
X, Y
tuong ling
la
A.
BaCOj
,

NajCOs,
C.
MgC03,
NaHCOj.
B.
CaC03,
NaHS04.
D.
CaC03,
NaHCOj.
^7
7.17. C"ho cac
phan
ling
sau:
4Ha+Mn02
MnCl2
+ CI2
+2H2O.
2HC1 + Fe ->
Fed2
+ H2-
14HC1 +
K2C.2O7
2KC1 + 2CrCl3 + 3
CI2
+ 7
H2O
.
6HC1 + 2A1 ->

2AICI3
+3H2.
16HC! + 2KMnO^ -> 2KC1 +
2Mna2
+ 5
CI2
+ 8 H2O
So
phan
img trong do HCl the hien tinh oxi hoa la
A.
3
phan
ung. B. 4
phan
urng.
C. 2
phan
ling.
D. I
phan
umg.
7.18. Cho 2.16 gam Mg tac
dung
vdti
dung
dich HNO, (du). Sau khi
phan
xay ra
hoan

toan
thu
duoc
0,896
lit khi NO (d dktc) va
dung
dich X.
Khoi
luong muoi
khan
thu
duoc
khi lam bay hoi
dung
dich X la
A,
8,88 gam. B. 13,92 gam.
C, 6,52 gam. r). 13.32 gam.
7.19. Cho
c
:;c
phan
iJng:
Ca(OH)2
+
CI2
->
CaOCh
+ HjP
2H2S

I- SO2 -> 3S +
2H2O
2MO.
+2NaOH
-> NaNOj + NaNO, + H2O
4KCIO3
-> KCU3Ka04
O3 O2 + O
So
phan
ung oxi hoa -
khix
la
A.
5. B.2.
C.3. D-4.
7.20. Cho cac
phan
ling:
(1) O3 +
dung
dich KI
(2) F2 + H2O —^
(3)
Mn02
+ HCl dac —>
(4)
CI2
+
dung

dich HjS
Cac
phan
ling
tao ra don
cha't
la
A.ri),(2),(3).
B.(l),(3),(4).
C. (2),(3),(4). D.(l),(2),(4).
7.21. Trucrng hgp
khong
xay ra
phan
ung hoa hoc la
A.
3O2+2H2S
— ^>-
2H2O
+2SO2.
B.
FeCl2 + H2S FeS + 2HC1.
C. O2 + 2KI + H2O ^ 2K0H + I2 + O2 .
D.
CI2 +
2NaOH
NaCl + NaClO + H2O
7.22. Cho day cac
cha't:
NH4a ,(NH4)2S04 , NaCl,

MgClj,
FeCl2,
AICI3
. So
chat
trong day tac
dung
v6i luong du
dung
dich Ba(OH)2 tao
thanh
ket
tiia
la
'
A.
Schaft.
B. 4
chat.
C. 1
cha't.
D. 3
chat.
7.23. Cho day cac
cha't:
KOH,
Ca(N03)2,
SO3
,
NaHS04,

Na2S03,
K2SO4
.
S6'
chat
trong day tao
thanh
ket tua khi
phan
ung v6i
dung
dich Baa2 la
A.
4. B.6.
C.3 D. 2.
7.24. Hai kim loai X, Y
vacac
dung
dich mud'i clorua cua
chung
c6 cac
phan
ung hoa hoc sau:
X
+ 2YC1, ->
XCl2
+
2jCl2
Y
+

XCI2
^
YCI2+
X
Phat
bidu
dung
la:
A.
Ion Y'^^
CO
tinh oxi hoa
manh
hen ion X^"^.
B.
Kim loai X
khii
duoc
ion
Y^"*".
C. Kim loai X c6 tinh khur
manh
hon kim loai Y.
D.
Ion Y-^^
CO
tinh oxi hoa
manh
hon ion X^"^.
7.25. Day gom cac

chat
viira tan trong
dung
dich HCl, vira tan trong
dung
dich
NaOHla
A.
NaHCO^, MgO, Ca(HC03)2 B. NaHCO^, ZnO, Mg(0H)2
C. NaHCO,, Ca(HC03)2,
AI2O,
D. MgCOH)., A\^0„ Ca(HCO,)2
7.26.
llii
nghiem nao sau day c6 ket tua sau
phan
ling?
A.
Cho
dung
dich NaOH den du vao
dung
dich CrCNO,),.
B.
Cho
dung
dich HCl den du vao
dung
dich
NaA102

(hoac
Na[Al(OH)4]).
C. Thoi
CO2
den du vao
dung
dich
Ca(0H)2.
D.
Cho
dung
dich NH^ de'n dir vao
dung
dich
AlCl,.
.
39
7.27. Thtfc
hiftn
cdc thi nghiem sau:
(I) Cho dung djch NaCl vao dung dich KOH.
(II)
Cho dung dich NajCO, vko dung dich Ca(OH)2.
(ni)
D'itn
phan dung dich NaCl vdi dien cue tro, c6 mang ngan.
(IV) Cho Cu
(OH)2
vao dung dich NaNO,.
(V) Sue khi NH3 vao dung dich NajCO,.

(VI) Cho dung dich
Na2S04
vao dung dieh Ba
(0H)2.
Cac thi nghiem A6u diiu che'
duoc
NaOH la
A.
I, II va III B.
II,
V va VI
C.
II,
III va VI D. I, IV va V
7.28. Khi nhiet phan
hoan
toan tumg mu6'i X, Y thi deu tao ra s6' mol khi nho
hon s6' mol mu6'i tuong
ling.
D6i m6t lucmg nho
tinh
th^ Y
trfin
den khi
kh6ng mau, tha'y ngon lira c6 mau vang. Hai mu6'i X, Y iSn luot la
A.
CaCO,,
NaNO, B. KMn04, NaNO,
C. Cu(N03)2, NaNO, D. NaNO,, KNO,
1.19. Cho dung dich chiia 6,03 gam h6n hop hai mu6'i NaX va NaY (X, Y

Ih.
hai
nguyen t6' c6 trong tu nhien, cr hai chu ki lien tie'p
thu6c
nhom VII A, s6'
hiftu
nguyen tur Zx < Zy) vao dung dich AgNO, (du), thu diroc 8,61 gam
kft't
tua. PHn tram kh6'i lugng ciia NaX trong h6n hop ban dSu la
A.
52,8% B. 58,2%
C.47,2%
D.41,8%
7.30.
C6
cac thi nghiem sau:
(I) Nhiing thanh sat vao dung dieh
H2SO4
loang, ngudi.
(II)
Sue khi
SO2
vao nudfc brom.
(ill)
Sue khi
CO2
vao nude
Gia-ven.
(IV) Nhiing la nh6m vao dung dieh
H2SO4

dac, ngudi.
S6 thi nghiem xay ra phan
ling
hoa hoc la
A.3
B.4
C. 1 D. 2
7.31. Cho c^c phan
utig
hoa hoe sau:
(1)
(NH4)2S04
+ BaCl2 >
(2)
CUSO4
+
Ba(N03
)2 >
(3)
Na2S04
+ BaCl2 >•
(4)
H2S04
+
BaS03
>
(5)(NH4)2S04+Ba(OH)2
(6)Fe2(S04)3
+
Ba(N03)2

>
cac phan
iJng
d^u c6 cung m6t phuong
trinh
ion rdt gon \k
A.(l),(2).(3),(6)
B.(l),(3),(5),(6)
C. (2), (3), (4), (6) D. (3), (4), (5), (6)
7.32. Cho
3,024
gam m6t kim loai M tan he't trong dung dich HNO, loang, thu
duoc
940,8
ml khi N,Oy (san ph^m khir duy nha't. 6 dkte) c6 ti kh6'i dd'i
vdri
H2
bang
22. Khi N,Oy va kim loai M la
A.
N2O \h Fe B. NO2 va Al
C. N2O v^ Al D. NO va Mg
7.33. Ne'u cho 1 mol m6i
chat:
CaOClj,
KMn04,
K2Cr207,
Mn02
l^n luot phan
ling

voi luong du dung djch HCl dac,
eha't
tao ra luong khi
CI2
nhi^u
nha't
\h
A.CaOClj
B.KMn04
C.K2Cr207
- D.MnOj
7.34. Cho phuong
trinh
hoa hoc :
Fe,04
+ HNO, -).
Fe(NO,),
+ N.O^ +
H2O
Sau khi can
bang
phuong
trinh
hoa hoc v6i he s6'
eiia
e^c
eha't
Ik nhutig s6'
nguyen t6', t6'i gian thi he s6' cua HNO, la
A.

23x-9y
B.45x-18y
C.
13x-9y
D.46x-18y
7.35. Trucmg hop nho sau day khong xay ra phan
ling
hod
hoc?
A.
Sue khi HjS vao dung dieh
FeCIj.
B. Cho Fe vao dung dich
H2SO4
loang, ngudi.
C. Sue khi
H2S
vao dung dich CuClj.
D.
Sue khi Clj vko dung dich
FeCl2.
7.36. Cho bd'n
h6n
hop,
m6i
h6n
hop
g6m
hai
eha't

ran c6 s6' mol
bang
nhau:
NajO va
AI2O,;
Cu va
FeCl,;
BaCl2
va
CUSO4;
Ba va NaHCO,. S6 h6n hop
CO
th^ tan
hoan
toan trong
nu6e
(du) ehi tao ra dung dieh la
A.
1 B. 2
C.4 D.3
7.37.
Thuc
hien cac thi nghiem sau:
(I) Sue khi
SO2
vko dung dieh KMn04.
(II)
Sue khi
SO2
vao dung dich H^S.

(III)
Sue
h6n
hcjp
khi
NO2
vk
O2
vko nude.
(IV) Cho
Mn02
vao dung djch HCl dac, n6ng.
(V) Cho
FcjO,
vao dung dich
H2SO4
dac,
n6ng.
(VI) Cho
Si02
vko dung djch HF.
41
So thi nghiem c6 phan irng oxi hoa -
khur
xay
ra
1&
A.
4. B. 3.
C.6.

D. 5.
7.38. Phat bieu khong diing la:
A.
Kim cuang, than chi, fuleren la cac dang ihu hmh cua cacbon.
B.
Hidro
sunfua bi oxi hoa bai
nude
clo d
nhift
dO
thircmg.
'
C. Tat ca cac nguyen t6 halogen d^u c6 cac s6 oxi hoa:
-1,
+1, +3, +5 va
+7 trong cdc hop chat.
D.
Trong c6ng nghiep, photpho dugc san xua't bang each nung h6n hop
quang photphorit, cat va than co'c d 1200"C trong 16 dien.
7.39.
Phat
bleu nao sau day dung?
A.
Cac kim
loai:
natri,
bari,
beri deu tac dung vdi nirorc a nhietd^ thucmg.
B.

Kim
loai
xesi duoc diang de che tao te' bao quang
difin.
, , .
C. Theo chieu tang dan cua dien tich hat nhan, cac kim
loai
kiem tho
(tCr
beri
den bari) c6 nhiet
dd
nong chay giam
dan.
D.
Kim
loai
magie c6
kie'u
mang
tinh
th6' lap phirong tarn dien.
7.40. Co cac phat bieu sau:
(1)
Liai
huynh, photpho deu boc chay khi tiep
xiic
v6i CrOy
(2)
Ion Fe''^ c6 ca'u

hinh
electron
viqt
gon la
[Ar]3d\
(3)
Bdt nh6m lu boc chay khi tiep
xiic
vdi khi clo.
(4)
Phen chua
CO
cong
tliiic
la Na2S04.Al2(S04)v24H20.
Cac phat bieu dung la
A.(l),(3),(4).
B. (2), (3), (4).
C.(l).(2),(3).
D.(l),(2),(4).
7.41. H6n hop
khi
X g6m Nj va
Hj
c6 ti
kli6T
so
vdi
He bang 1,8, Dun nong X m6t
thoi

gian trong
binh
kin (c6 bdt Fe lam
xiic
tac), thu duoc h6n hop
khi
Y co ti
khoi
so
vdi
He bang 2.
Hieu
suat
cua phan
utig
tdng hop
NH,
la
A.
50%. B.40%.
C. 36%. D. 25%.
7.42. Cho cac chat: NaHCO,, CO,
Al(OH),.
FeCOH),, HP,
Cl^,
NH4GI.
S6'
cha't
tac dung dugc voi dung
djch

NaOH loango nhiet do thircmg la ,
A.
3. B. 5. ' '
C.6. D.4.
7.43. Phuong
phap
de
loai
bo tap chat HCl co iSn trong khf
HjS
la: Cho h6n hop
khi
loi tir
lir
qua mot lugng du'dung
dich
A.
Pb(NO02. B.NaHS.
CAgNO,.
D.
iNaOH.
42
7.44.
Khir
hoan loan m gain oxit
M.O^
cAn
vita
du 17,92 lit khi CO (dktc), thu
dugc a gam kim loai M. Hoa tan het a gam M bang dung dich

H2SO4
dac
nong (du), thu dugc 20,16 lit khi
SO^
(san phdm
khiJ
duy nha't, d dktc).
Oxit
M,Oy la
A.Cr203.
B.FeO.
C. Fe304. D.
CrO.
7.45.
Mot loiii phan supepholphal kep c6
chira
69,62% mu6'i canxi
dihidrophotphat, con lai gom cac chat kh6ng chiia photpho.
Do dinh duomg
ciia
loai phan lan nay la
A.
48,52%. B. 42,25%.
C. 39,76%. D. 45,75%.
7.46. Phat
bid'u
nao sau day khong diing?
A.
Dung dich dam dac cua
Na2SiO,va

K2Si03dugc ggi la thuy tinh long.
B.
Dam chay magie co the dugc dap tit bang cat kho.
C.
CFjClj
bi cam
sir
dung do khi thai ra khi quyen thi pha hiiy tdng ozon.
D.
Trong phong ihi nghiem,
N2
dugc
di6u
che'
bang each dun nong dung
dich
NH4NO2
bao hoa.
7.47. Co 4 dung dich rieng biet:
CUSO4,
ZnClj,
FeCl,,
AgNO,.
Nhung vao m6i
dung dich m6t thanh
Ni.
So trudng hgp xuat hien an mon dien hoa la
A.
1. B.4.
C. 3. D.2.

7.48.
Chosod6chuyenhoii:
P2O,
^Koii
^ X > Y —Z.
Cac chat X, Y, Z
Idn
lum la:
A.
K3PO4,
K2HPO4, KH2PO4.
B.
KH2PO4, K2HPO4,
K3PO4.
C. K,P04,
KH2PO4, K2HPO4.
D.
KH2PO4,
K3PO4,
K2HPO4.
7.49. Dot chay hoan toan m gam FeS, bang mot lugng
Oj
vira
du, thu dugc khf
X.
Ha'p thu
het
X vao I h't dung dich chiia
Ba(0H)2
0,15M va KOH 0,1M,

thu
dugc dung dich Y va 21,7 gam ket
tCia.
Cho Y vao dung dich
NaOH,
thay xua't
hien
them
ke't
tua. Gia tri
ciia
m la
A.
23,2. B. 12,6.
C. 18,0. D.24,0.
7.50. Cho cac dung dich loang: (1) FeCl,, (2)
FeCl2,
(3)
H2SO4,
(4) HNO,,
(5)
h6n
hgp gom HCl va NaNO,. Nhung dung dich phan ung dugc vdi
kim
loai Cu Ik
A.(l),(3),(4).
B.(I),(4),(5).
C.(l),(2),(3).
D.(l),(3),(5).
"7.51.

Cho a gam Fe vao 100 ml
dung
dich h6n hap g6m HNO;, 0,8M va
Cu(NOi)2
IM-
Sau khi cdc phan
irng
xay ra hoan loan, thu
duac
0,92a
+5
gam h6n hap
kim
loai
va
khi
NO (san pham
kh&
duy nha't cua N).
Gia
tri
cua a \h
A.
11,2. B. 11,0.
C. 5,6. D. 8,4.
7.52. Cho 9,125 gam mu6'i hidrocacbonat phan \ing
hfi't
v6i dung djch HjSO^
(du),
thu diroc dung dich chiia 7,5 gam

niu6'i
sunfat trung hoa.
C6ng thurc cua mu6'i hidrocacbonat la
A.
Mg(HC03)2.
B.
NaHCO,.
C.
Ca(HCO,)2.
D. Ba(HCO,)2-
7.53. Cho sa d6 chuyd'n hoa sau:
CaO > CaCl; >Ca(NO02
>
CaCO,.
C6ng
thiic
ciia
X,
Y,
Z
l^n
luat la
A.
HCl,
HNO„
Na2COv
B.
HCl,
AgNO,,
(NH4)2COv

C.
CI2,
AgNO,,
MgCOv D.
CI2,
HNO„
CO^.
8.
DAI
CUONG
HOA
HOC
HUU
CO,
HIDROCACBON
8.1. D5n V lit (or dktc) h6n hap X g6m axetilen va hidro di qua 6'ng sii dung
b6t niken nung nong, thu
duac
khi
Y.
Din Y vao lugng du
AgNO,
(hoac
AgjO)
trong dung dich NH, thu ducfc 12 gam ke't tua. Khi ra
khoi
dung
dich
phan
ling

vira
dii \6i 16 gam brom va con lai khi Z. D6't chay ho^n
toan khi Z thu dugc 2,24
lit
khi
CO2
(6
dktc)
va 4,5 gam nude.
Gia
tri
ciia
V
bang
A.
11,2. B. 13,44.
C. 5,60. D. 8,96.
8.2. Co 3
cha't
long
benzen,
anilin,
stiren, dung rieng biet trong lo mat nhan.
Thu6'c
thir
di phan biet 3
chat
long trSn la
A.
dung dich phenolphtalein. B.

nude
brom.
C. gia'y quy
tim.
D. dung dich NaOH.
8.3. Khi brom hoa m6t ankan chi thu duoc mdt dSn xua't monobrom duy nha't
CO
ti
kh6'i
hai d6'i v6i hidro la
75,5.
TSn
ciia
ankan do Ih
A,
2,2,3-trimetylpentan. B. 2,2-dimetylpropan.
C. 3,3-dimetylhexan. D. isopentan.
44
g.4. Cho 4,48 lit h6n hap X
(cf
dktc)
gdm 2 hidrocacbon mach h6
16i
tijr
tCr
qua
binh
chu-a 1,4 lit dung dich Bfj
0,5M.
Sau khi phan

ling
hoan toan, s6' mol
Brj
giam di m6t nua va
kh6'i
luomg bmh tang them 6,7 gam. C6ng
thiic
phan tu
ciia
2 hidrocacbon la
•
A.
C2H2
va
C4H6
. B.
C2H2
va
C4H8.
•
C.
C3H4
va
C4H8.
D.
C2H2
va
C3H8
.
8.5. Ba hidrocacbon X,

Y,
Z ke' tie'p nhau trong day d6ng dang, trong d6
kh6'i
luong
phan tu Z ga'p d6i
kh6'i
luong phan tir
X.
D6't chay 0,1 mol chat
Y,
san ph^m khi ha'p thu hoan toan vao dung dich
Ca(OH)2
(du), thu
duac
s6'
gam ket
tiia
la
A.20
B.
40
C.30 D. 10
8.6.
H6n
hap g6m hidrocacbon X va oxi c6 ti 16 s6' mol tuong ung la 1 : 10.
D6't
chay hoan toan
h6n
hop
trfin

thu duoc
h6n
hap khi Y. Cho Y qua
dung dich
H2SO4
dac, thu dugc h6n hop khi Z c6 ti
kh6'i
d6'i vdfi hidro
bang 19. C6ng
thiic
phan
tii
cua X la (Cho H =
1,
C = 12, O = 16)
A.
C3H8
B.
C3H6
C.
C4H8
D.
C3H4
8.7. Dun nong
h6n
hop khi g6m 0,06 mol
CjHj
va 0,04 mol
H2
vdi xuc tac Ni.

sau m6t
thdi
gian thu dugc
h6n
hgp khi
Y.
DSn toan b6
h6n
hgp Y I6i tir
tir
qua binh dung dung dich brom (du) thi con lai
0,448
lit h6n hgp khi Z
(6
dktc)
CO
ti
khO'i
so
vdi
oxi la 0,5.
Khoi
lugng binh dung dich brom tang la
A.
1,20 gam. B. 1,04 gam.
C. 1,64 gam. D. 1,30 gam.
8.8. Din 1,68
lit
h6n
hgp

khi
X g6m hai hidrocacbon vao binh dung dung dich
brom
(du). Sau khi phan
ling
xay ra hoan to^n, c6 4 gam brom da phan
litig
va con lai 1,12
lit
khi.
Ne'n
dot chay hoan toan 1,68
lit
X thi sinh ra 2,8
lit
khi
CO2.
C6ng
thiic
phan
tir
ciia
hai hidrocacbon la
(bifi't
cac
th^
tich
khi
d^u do d
dktc)

A.
CH4
va
C2H4.
B.
CH4
va
C,H4.
C.
CH4
va C,Hs. D.
QHfi
va CH^.
Hidrocacbon mach hor
X'
trong
phan
tir
chi chda
liSn
ket a va c6 hai nguyftn
tCr
cacbon bac ba trong m6t phan tu. D6't chay hoan toan
1
the'
tich
X sinh ra
6 the'
tich
CO2

(d cung
di^u
kien nhiet d6. ap sua't).
Khi
cho X tac dung vdi
CI2
(theo
ti
le
s6'
mol
1:
1),
s6'
dan xua't monoclo
td'i
da sinh ra la
A.
3 din xua't.
B.
4 din xua't.
^
C. 2 dan xua't. D. SdSnxua't.
8.10. Dot chay hoan toan h6n hop M g6m 1 ankan X va
ni6t
ankin
Y, thu dugc
s6'
mol CO2 bang
s6'

mol .
Thanh
phan ph;tn tram ve so mol
ciia
X va Y trong h6n hop M Ian
luot
la
A.
75% va 25%. B. 20% va 80%.
C.
35% va 65%. D. 50% va 50%.
8.11.
Dot chay hoan toan mot hidrocacbon X thu dugc 0,11 mol COj va 0,132
mol
H2O.
Khi X tac dung v6i khi clo (theo ti le s6' mol 1 : 1) thu dugc mo\
san pham hiJu co duy nhat.
Ttn
goi cua X la
A.
2-metylbutan. B. 2-metylpropan.
C.
2,2-dimetylpropan.
D. etan.
8.12. H6n hop khi X gom 0,3 mol va 0,1 mol
vinylaxetilen.
Nung X mot
th&i
gian \di
xiic

tac Ni thu dirge h6n hgp khi Y c6 ti
kh6'i
so
vofi
kh6n<.'
khi
la 1. Neu cho toan bg Y sue tCr tCr vao dung
dich
brom
(du) thi eo n,
gam
brom
tham gia phan ung. Gia
tri
cua m la
A.
16.0 B. 3,2
C.
8,0 D. 32,0
8.13. Cho h6n hgp X g6m
CH4,
C2H4
va
CH^.
Lay 8,6 gam X tae dung h€t voi
dung
dich
brom
(du) thi
khoi

lugng
brom
phan ung la 48 gam. Mat khac;
neu cho 13,44 lit (d
dktc)
h6n hgp khi X tac dung v6[
lirgng
du dung die!
AgNOp,
trong
NH,,
thu dugc 36 gam ket tua.
Phin
tram thi
tich
cua
CH4
c6 trong X la
A.
20% B. 50%
C.
25% D. 40%
8.14. H6n hgp khi X gom va mot anken c6 kha nang cgng HBr cho san
pham
hiru
co duy riha't. Ti
khdi
ciia
X so
vcfi

H2
bang
9,1.
Dun nong X cv
xiic
tac Ni, sau khi phan ung xay ra hoan loan, thu dirge h6n hgp khi \
khong
lam mat mau
nude
brom;
ti
khdi
cua Y so v6\j bang 13.
COnji
thurc
ca'u tao cua anken la
A.
CH3
-
CH
= CH -
CH3
B.
CH2
=
CH2
C.CH2=C(CH3)2
D.CH2=CH-CH2-CH3
8.15. H6n hgp khi X g6m anken M va
ankin

N co cung s5' nguyen tCr cacbon
trong
phan tu. H6n hgp X co
khdi
lugng 12,4 gam va the
tich
6,72 lit (i
dktc).
Sd
mol,
cdng
thirc
phan
tis
cQa M va N
Mn
lugt
la
A.
0,1 mol
QHfi
va 0,2 mol
QH4.
B. 0,2 mol
C2H4
va 0,1 mol QHj.
C.
0,l.mol
C2H4
va 0,2 mol

CjHz-
D.
0,2 mol
QHfi
va 0,1 mol
C3H4.
8.16. Dun nong hdn hgp khi X gdm 0,02 mol QH^ va 0,03 mol
H2
trong mdt
binh
kin (xuc tac
Ni),
thu dugc hdn hgp khi Y. Cho Y Igi
ti^ ti^
vao
binh
nude
brom
(du), sau khi ket
thiic
cac phan ung,
khdi
lugng
binh
tang m
gam
va cd 280 ml hdn hgp khi Z
(dktc)
thoat ra. Ti
khdi

cua Z so vdi H2
la
10,08. Gia tri cua m la
A.
0,328. B. 0,620.
C.
0,585. D. 0,205.
8.17. Ddt chay hoan toan mdt lugng hidrocacbon X. Ha'p thu toan b6 san pham
>
chay vao dung
dich
Ba(OH)2
(du) tao ra 29,55 gam ket
tiia,
dung
dich
sau
phan img cd
khdi
lugng giam 19,35 gam so vdi dung
dich
Ba(OH)2
ban
dSu.
Cdng thiJc phan
tir
ciia
X la
A.
C2H,,

B. QH,.
C.
C,H,.
D.
C,H4.
8.18. Hdn hgp khi X gdm mdt ankan va mdt anken. Ti
ktidi
cua X .so vdi H2
bang 11,25: Ddt chay hoan toan 4,48 lit X, thu dugc 6,72 lit
CO2
(cac the
tich
khi do
drdktc).
Cdng thiJc cua ankan va anken
Mn
lugt
la
A.CH4vaC2H4.
B.
C2H«
va
C2H4.
CCH4vaC3H,.
D.CH4vaC4H«.
8.19. Dot chay hoan toan 6,72 lit
(dktc)
hdn hgp gdm hai hidrocacbon X va Y
(MY'>
MX),

thu dugc 11,2 1ft khi
CO2
(dktc)
va 10,8 gam HjO.
Cdng
thiic
ciia
X la
A.cyi,.
B.CH4.
C.
C2H4.
D.
C2H2.
8.20. Cho 3,12 gam
ankin
X phan ung vdi 0,1
molH.
(xiic
tac
Pd/PbCO„
t"),
thu
dugc hdn hgp Y chi cd hai hidrocacbon. Cdng
ihiirc
phan
tiir
ciia
X la
A.C2H2.

B.CJI,.
C,C,H4.
D.C4Hfi.
9.
DAN
XUAT
HALOGEN,
ANCOL,
PHENOL
9.1.
Ddt chay hoan toan mdt ancol X thu dugc COj va HjO cd ti le sd mol
tuong
ling
la 3 : 4. The
tich
khi oxi can dung de ddt chay X bang 1,5 Ian
the
tich
khf
CO2
thu dugc (d cung
di6u
kien).
Cdng
thuc phan
tir
ciia
X la
A.
C3H8O3.

B.
C3H4O.
j
C.
C3H8O2.
D.
C3H8O.
;
9.2. Co bao nhieu ancol bac 2, no, dcm chiic, mach ha d6ng phan ca'u tao
cua
nhau m^ phan tir cua chiing c6 phdn trSm khd'i luong cacbon bang
68,18%?
A.
2. B. 3.
C.
4 D. 5.
9.3. X la m6t ancol no, mach h6. D6't chay ho^n to^n 0,05 mol X cin 5,6 gam
oxi, thu dugc
hcri
nirdrc
6,6 gam CO2.
C6ng
thurc cua X la
A.
C,H,(OH).v
B.
QH7OH.
C.
C,H«(0H)2.
D.

QH4(OH)2.
9.4. Cho m gam ancol no, dcm chtic X qua binh dung CuO (du), nung nong.
Sau
khi phan urng hoan toan, kh6'i lugng chat rSn trong blnh giam 0,32
gam. H6n hgp hai thu dugc c6 ti kh6'i d6'i
vdrl
hidro \k 15,5.
Gii
tri cua m
Ik
A.
0,64. B. 0,92.
C.
0,32. D. 0,46.
9.5. Cho 15,6 gam h6n hgp hai ancol dan chiic,
kfi"
tie'p
nhau trong day d6ng
dang
tac dung h6't
vdri
9,2 gam Na, thu dugc 24,5 gam cha't
ran.
Hai ancol
do la
A.
C3H5OH
va
C4H7OH.
B.

C2H5OH
vk
C3H7OH.
C.
C3H7OH
\k
C4H9OH.
D.
CH3OH
va
C2H5OH.
9.6. Khi tach nude
tiir
m6t chat X c6 c6ng thiJc phan
tijr
C4H,(,0 tao th&nh ba
anken la d6ng phan ciia nhau (tinh ca d6ng phan hinh hoc).
C6ng
thirc
ca'u
tao thu gon cua X la
A.
(CH3)3COH
B.
CH3CX:H2CH2CH3
C.
CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
D.
CH3CH(CH3)CH20H
9.7. Cho m gam h6n hgp X g6m hai ancol no, dan chiic, kft'

tie'p
nhau trong
day d6ng dang tac dung vdi CuO (du) nung n6ng, thu dugc h6n hgp rftn
Z
va m6t h6n hgp hai Y (c6 ti kh6'i hai so vdi Hj IS 13.75). Cho toan bd
Y
phan umg \di md{ lUgng du AgzO (hoac AgNO,) trong dung djch
NH,
dun nong, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag.
Gia
tri ciia m \k
A.
9,2. B. 7,8.
C.
7,4. D. 8,8.
9.8. Khi tach nude tCr ancol 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), san
ph^m chinh thu dugc la
A.
3-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
B.
2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en).
D.
3-mctylbuten-l (hay 3-metylbut-l-en).
Oxi
hoa 1,2 gam
CH.OH
bang CuO nung nong, sau mot
ihdi
^,'^11

thu
dugc h6n hgp san pham X (gom
IICHO,
H^O va
CH,0'I
du). Cho
lukn
b6
X
tac dung vdi lugng du AgP
(hoac
AgNO,)
trong dung dich Nri,, dugc
12,96 gam Ag.
Hieu
sua't
cua phan img oxi hoa
CH3OH
la
A.
76,6%. B. 80,0%.
C. 65,5%. D. 70,4%.
9.10. Dun nong mot (aticol) dan chiic X v6i dung dich H2SO4 dac trong dieu
kien
nhiet do thich hgp sinh ra chat huu ca Y, ti
khoi
hai
ciia
X so vdi Y
la

1,6428.
Cong thi'rc phan tir
ciia
X la
A.
C,H,0. B. C,H,0.
C.CH4O.
D.
C4H,0.
9.11. Dot chay hoan toan h6n hgp M g6m hai (ancol) X va Y la d6ng dang
ke' tie'p cOa nhau, thu dugc 0,3 mol CO2 va
0,425
mol H2O .
Niai
khac,
cho 0,25 mol h6n hgp M tac dung vdi Na (du), thu dugc chua den
0,15 mol H2.
Cong thirc
phAn
tu
ciia
X va Y la
A.
C2H6O2
,
C3H8O2
. B.
C2H6O
,
CH4O.

C.
C3H6O,
C4Hi50. D.
C2H6O
,
CjH^O
.
9.12. Dot chay hoan toan mot ancol da
chiic,
mach hd X, thu dugc H2O va
CO2
vdi ti le s6 mol tuang ung la 3 : 2. Cong
thiic
phan tu
ciia
X la
A.
C2H6O2
. B.
C2H6O
.
CC3HSO2.
D. C4H,o02.
9.13. Oxi hoa m gam ctanol thu dugc h6n hgp X gom axetandehit, axit axetj ,
nude
va etyno! ('ir. Cho toan bg X tac dung vdi dung dich NaHCO, (du)
thu
dugc 0,56 lit khi COj (d
dktc).
Khdi

lugng etanol da bi oxi hoa tao ra
axit
la
A.
1,15 gam B. 4,60 gam
C. 2.30 gam D. 5,75 gam
9.14. Dun nong hdn hgp hai ancol dan chiJc, mach hd vdi H2SO4 dac,
thu
Jugc
hdn
hgp gom cac etc. Lay 7,2 gam mot trong cac etc do dem dot chay
hoan toan, thu dugc 8,96 lit khi CO2 (d dktc) va 7,2 gam HjO.
Hai
ancol do la
A.
CH,0I1
va
CH^OH.
B.
CjH^OH
va
CH,OH.