REMEDIAL MEASURES OF HEALTH AND SAFETY IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

REMEDIAL MEASURES OF HEALTH AND
SAFTY IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
PREPARED BY: AELYA SHAH
University of Karachi
SUBMITTED TO: MADAM SHUGUFTA
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE:

To identify hazards in textile industry and provide with
appropriate remedial measures.

OUTCOME:
•
To make working environment more safer and healthier.
Immediate action must be taken to control this hazard to save
workers health and promote safety.
DEFINE HEALTH AND SAFETY?
•
Regulations and procedures intended to prevent
accident or injury in workplaces or public
environments.
REMEDIAL MEASURES:
Remedial Measures means taking steps
to alleviate something we don't desire to experience.
AGENDA:
•
The study of Occupational Health and Safety in Textile industry examines to promote Health and safety to the
workers in Pakistan. The Hazards and risk involved in the textile industry is high compared with other industries and
least importance is given to textile industries. Most of accident does not come to the legal formalities. The People
are not aware of Health & safety is due to the workers are uneducated and management not given importance due
to promote OHS in Textile industry becomes a barriers in implementing OHS. The major hazards happen are

physical, chemical, ergonomically & physiologically hazards along with these some of things which can create
hazards are more working hours, improper ventilation. The RPN (Risk priority number) has been find out for all the
hazards in the textile industry and FEA is done for the hazard with highest RPN no.
EXPOSURE
TO COTTON
DUST
EXPOSURE
TO
CHEMICALS
EXPOSURE
TO NOISE
ERGONOMIC
ISSUES
The Major Health And Safety Issues In
The Textile Industry
METHODOLOGY
GINNING INDUSTRY:
•
The cotton in a machine which is used to separate the
cotton fiber from the seeds and the cotton send to the
textile for making yarn. The one of main Hazard in
ginning industry is fire, the causes of fire happens in
the Ginning Industry are Electrical, Manmade
Behavior, spark from the Machine and stored Raw
cotton in sunlight and other causes
METHODOLOGY
•
SPINNING INDUSTRY:
The textiles are fabricated into clothes. Noise is the
main hazard in textile industry. The noise pollution

(Regulation and control) rule 2000 in industrial area was
75db at Day Time [6 AM to 10 AM] and Night time [10
PM to 6 AM].The fire accidents occur in textile mills are
often. The Hazards in the spinning mills are more
compare to other sectors of textile industry because the
Raw material cotton exposed to the fire easily.
PHYSICAL
ELECTRICAL
ERGONOMICALLY
PHYSIOLOGICAL
TYPES OF HAZARDS
PHYSICAL HAZARD
It includes noise,fire,temperature etc
HAZARD
•
NOISE
(noise induced hearing loss
Tinnitus)
REMEDIAL MEASURE
•
Isolation of the machine
and silencer must be kept
•
Inverted drive control noise
in ring frame
•
Proper maintenance
lubricating control noise
PHYSICAL HAZARD
HAZARD

•
DUST
(causes respiratory problems
and causes Byssinosis, a
disease caused by cotton dust)
REMEDIAL MEASURE
•
Dust collector
•
Proper house keeping
•
Necessary PPE should wear
by worker
PHYSICAL HAZARD
HAZARD
•
LIGHT (eye strain and
glaring)
•
LIFTING HEAVY WEIGHT
(muscular skeletal disorders)
REMEDIAL MEASURE
•
Proper lightening condition
•
Keep your backbone straight
while lifting load
•
Pull the load as close to the
body

•
Lift and carry loads with
straight arms
PHYSICAL HAZARD
HAZARD
FIRE HAZARDS
Loss of life, damages to the
equipment
•
WELDING OPERATION
(Spark ignition is very dangerous)
•
ELECTRICAL SHORT CIRCUIT
HAPPENS
(if no trips occur it gets sparks and
get fire
REMEDIAL MEASURES
•
Restrict unauthorised
person to do welding
•
ACB ( Air circuit breaker),
MCB (motor circuit
breaker)
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HAZARD
•
SMOKING
(easily gets fire)
REMEDIAL MEASURE

•
Safety signs and workers
must aware of not using
any ignition product
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
It includes short circuit etc
HAZARD
•
Improper earthing
(trip occurs)
•
Improper isolation
(electric shock)
•
Moisture
(proper wiring)
REMEDIAL MEASURES
•
Avoid improper earthing
and loose connections
•
All circuits to be enclosed in
a proper circuit
•
Moisture to kept in control
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
HAZARD
•
Motor high speed rotating due
to high voltage

(causes problem to the machine)
•
Usage of old wire
(not proper current flow)
•
Input power cable exceeds
more output
(cable melting and heated)
REMEDIAL MEASURES
•
Circuit breaker must be
individual
•
Use of wires as per
electrical standards
•
Input wire must be more
power than output
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
HAZARD
•
Looping in the running line
(electronics PCB)
•
Electrical maintenance
(ECB board check the
connection grease the motor
frequently)
REMEDIAL MEASURES
•

Avoid looping
•
Needs preventive
maintenance
ERGONOMICAL HAZARDS
It includes Continuous work and improper workstations
HAZARD
•
Uncomfortable work
station and height
(pain in hands and legs)
•
Repetitive strain injuries
(wrist, neck, shoulder, neck,
knee, angle)
REMEDIAL MEASURES
•
Importance to ergonomics
•
Proper working procedure
PHYSIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
It includes personal problems, financial problems
HAZARDS
•
Not interested to work
(physiological problem)
•
Production target
(stress to the worker)
REMEDIAL MEASURES

•
Give counselling
•
Set achievable target
FEA For Fire Hazard In Textile Industry
FEAstands for Fire and Explosion Assessment (hazard prevention)
Air Pollution Created by Textile Machineries
•
All textile-manufacturing processes generate
environmental pollution. Workers are
exposed to the risk of breathing air polluted
with dust and fly and contracting respiratory
ailments, byssinosis (lung disease), chronic
bronchitis etc.
•
Cotton diseases called as Bygones is the most
common problem found in ginning industry.
FEA For Cotton Industry
REMEDIAL MEASURES
•
To minimize the effect of these floating fibers or
impurities, the humidified air which is circulated in the
spinning and weaving department is filtered so as to
separate these floating impurities from the air.
•
The workroom should not be more than 0.2mg\m3 and
controlled by some specific task.
•
The cotton dust should be dumped with proper care and
avoid storing in open container.

•
Excessive drying should be avoided, if it dry the cotton
dust will fly fast.
NOISE LEVEL
•
Because of high spindle speeds reached on new
machines (ring spindles up to 20000 rpm, rotor up
to 110000 rpm) spinning mills can generally be
assumed to generate a great deal of noise. Noise
levels of 70 to 100 dB are commonly recorded in
workrooms.
•
However, permissible limit set up at 90 dB by
Federal Standards of USA for maximum exposure
duration of 8 hours per day.
REMEDIAL MEASURES
•
Noise level can be lowered by the use of noise control
enclosures, absorbers, silencers and baffles and by the use of
personal protective equipment (PPE), such as earmuffs.
•
Where technical methods are insufficient, noise exposure may
be reduced by the use of hearing protection
•
By administrative controls such as limiting the time spent in
noisy environment .
•
Scheduling noisy operation outside normal shifts or at distant
location.
SUMMARY

•
The above presentation has demonstrated the hazards and risk involved and
their remedial measures in the five main sector of textile industries
Ginning Industry Spinning Industry Weaving Industry Dyeing Industry and
Garment Industry but the spinning and ginning industries are highlighted
more due to their immense impact on workers regarding health and safety.
•
The hazards involved in textile industries are mainly noise, dust, fire and
electrical hazards are found by calculated RPN number,
•
The RPN number is calculated by the multiplication of severity, probability
and detect ability. RPN = Severity x probability x Delectability,
comparing to other hazards the maximum RPN is found to be harmful to the
workers.
•
Immediate action must be taken to control this hazard to save workers
health and promote safety.