Introduction to CNC Technology

1
1
CNC
CNC
TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
2
2
INTRODUCTION TO
INTRODUCTION TO
CNC
CNC
AND METAL
AND METAL
CUTTING
CUTTING
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3
HISTORY
HISTORY

US Air Force commissioned MIT to develop the
US Air Force commissioned MIT to develop the
first "numerically controlled" machine in 1949. It
first "numerically controlled" machine in 1949. It
was demonstrated in 1952.
was demonstrated in 1952.



At 1970-1972 first Computer Numeric Control

At 1970-1972 first Computer Numeric Control
machines were developed.
machines were developed.

Today, computer numerical control (CNC)
Today, computer numerical control (CNC)
machines are found almost everywhere, from
machines are found almost everywhere, from
small job shops in rural communities to
small job shops in rural communities to
companies in large urban areas.
companies in large urban areas.
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4
DEFINITION
DEFINITION

In
In
CNC
CNC
(
(
Computer Numerical Control
Computer Numerical Control
),
),
the
the
instructions are stored as a program in a

instructions are stored as a program in a
micro-computer attached to the machine.
micro-computer attached to the machine.
The computer will also handle much of the
The computer will also handle much of the
control logic of the machine, making it
control logic of the machine, making it
more adaptable than earlier hard-wired
more adaptable than earlier hard-wired
controllers.
controllers.
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5
CNC APPLICATIONS
CNC APPLICATIONS



Machining
Machining


2.5D / 3D
2.5D / 3D


Turning ~ Lathes, Turning Centre
Turning ~ Lathes, Turning Centre

Milling ~ Machining Centres
Milling ~ Machining Centres

Forming
Forming


2D
2D


Plasma and Laser Cutting
Plasma and Laser Cutting


Blanking, nibbling and punching
Blanking, nibbling and punching


3D
3D


Rapid Prototyping
Rapid Prototyping
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6
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
CNC MACHINES

CNC MACHINES
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7
CNC TURNING
CNC TURNING
8
8
CNC MILLING
CNC MILLING
9
9
CNC LASER CUTTING
CNC LASER CUTTING
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10
CNC PLASMA CUTTING
CNC PLASMA CUTTING
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11
CNC PRESS
CNC PRESS
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12
CNC RAPID PROTOTYPING
CNC RAPID PROTOTYPING
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13
INDUSTRIES MOST AFFECTED
INDUSTRIES MOST AFFECTED
by CNC

by CNC

Aerospace
Aerospace

Machinery
Machinery

Electrical
Electrical

Fabrication
Fabrication

Automotive
Automotive

Instrumentation
Instrumentation

Mold making
Mold making
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14
SAMPLE PRODUCTS
SAMPLE PRODUCTS
OF
OF
CNC MANUFACTURING
CNC MANUFACTURING

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15
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Engine Block
Engine Block
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16
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY(Cont’d)
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY(Cont’d)
Different Products
Different Products
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AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
Aircraft Turbine Machined by
Aircraft Turbine Machined by
5-Axis CNC Milling Machine
5-Axis CNC Milling Machine
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18
CNC MOLD MAKING
CNC MOLD MAKING
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19
ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY
ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY
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20

RAPID PROTOTYPING
RAPID PROTOTYPING
PRODUCTS
PRODUCTS
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21
ADVANTAGES OF CNC
ADVANTAGES OF CNC
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22
Utilization of computers in
Utilization of computers in
manufacturing applications has
manufacturing applications has
proved to be one of the most
proved to be one of the most
significant advantages &
significant advantages &
developments over the last couple
developments over the last couple
of decades in helping to improve
of decades in helping to improve
the productivity and efficiency of
the productivity and efficiency of
manufacturing systems.
manufacturing systems.
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23
ADVANTAGES of CNC
ADVANTAGES of CNC


Productivity
Productivity


Machine utilisation is increased because
Machine utilisation is increased because
more time is spent cutting and less time is
more time is spent cutting and less time is
taken by positioning.
taken by positioning.


Reduced setup time increases utilisation
Reduced setup time increases utilisation
too.
too.


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PROFIT
PROFIT
increases as
increases as
COST
COST
decreases
decreases
and as

and as
PRODUCTIVITY
PRODUCTIVITY
increases.
increases.
PRODUCTIVITY through
PRODUCTIVITY through
AU
AU
TOMATION
TOMATION
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25
AUTOMATION
AUTOMATION


any means of helping
the workers to perform
their tasks more
efficiently
transfer of the skill of
the operator to the
machine