Đề thi thử THPT quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh số 279

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct word for each of the blanks from questions 1 to 10.
One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water.
Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage
have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast
pools (2) ________ poison. Lake Baikal in Russia is one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________
a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the
world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the
lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.
Most industries simply ignore the regulations. The Mediterranean Sea (6) ________ 1% of the
world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16
countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.
Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world
was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water
is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do
something now.
=:@A;*B'9.C=B;4@01<C04.=15A=D
!:;<4.=1'*#5industrialized E5industry 5industrious 5industrial
!:;<4.=1*#5of E5in 5to 5on
!:;<4.=1F*#5composes E5consists 5contains 5encloses
!:;<4.=19*#5everywhere E5where 5somewhere 5anywhere
!:;<4.=1(*#5stay E5pour 5burn 5boil
!:;<4.=18*#5occupies E5comprises 5holds 5makes
!:;<4.=1*#5soil E5shore 5land 5ground

!:;<4.=1?*#5on E5of 5off 5away
!:;<4.=1*#5made E5kept 5ruined 5conserved
!:;<4.=1'&*#5outlet E5source 5well 5nature
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 11 to 20.
Most journeys in Britain and the US are made by road. Some of these are made on public transport but
most are by private car.
In Britain many people rely on their cars for daily local activities, e.g. getting to work, doing the
shopping, and visiting friends. People living in urban areas may use buses, trains or, in London, the
Underground, to get to city centres, mainly because traffic is often heavy and it is difficult to find anywhere
to park a car. Some places in the country may have a bus only two or three times a week so people living
there have no choice but to rely on their cars.
In the US large cities have good public transportation systems. The El railroad in Chicago and the
underground systems of New York, Boston, San Francisco and Washington, DC are heavily used.
Elsewhere, most Americans prefer to use their cars. Families often have two cars and, outside major cities,
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have to drive fairly long distances to schools, offices, shops, banks, etc. Many college and even high-
school students have their own cars. Long-distance travel in Britain is also mainly by road, though railways
link most towns and cities.
Most places are linked by motorways or other fast roads and many people prefer to drive at
their own convenience rather than use a train, even though they may get stuck in a traffic jam.
Long-distance coach/bus services are usually a cheaper alternative to trains, but they take longer and
may be less comfortable. Some long-distance travel, especially that undertaken for business reasons, may
be by air. There are regular flights between regional airports, as well as to and from London. A lot of
freight is also distributed by road, though heavier items and raw materials often go by rail.
In the US much long-distance travel is by air. America has two main long-distance bus companies,
Greyhound and Trailways. Amtrak, the national network, provides rail services for passengers.
Private railway companies such as Union Pacific now carry only freight, though in fact over 70% of freight
goes by road.
The main problems associated with road transport in both Britain and the US are traffic congestion and

pollution. It is predicted that the number of cars on British roads will increase by a third within a few years,
making both these problems worse. The British government would like more people to use public
transport, but so far they have had little success in persuading people to give up their cars or to share rides
with neighbours. Most people say that public transport is simply not good enough. Americans too
have resisted government requests to share cars because it is less convenient and restricts their
freedom. Petrol/gasoline is relatively cheap in the US and outside the major cities public transport is
bad, so 4,;G see no reason to use their cars less.
(Extracted from Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, Oxford University Press, 2000)
!:;<4.=1''* In Britain and the US most people travel by ______.
#5air E5rail 5road 5sea
!:;<4.=1'* According to the passage, people in London may prefer the Underground to their own cars
due to ______.
#5long distances E5heavy traffic 5air pollution 5cheap tickets
!:;<4.=1'F* It is mentioned in paragraph 3 that the public transportation systems in the US are good in
______.
#5large states E5large cities 5all cities 5some states
!:;<4.=1'9* Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
#5Few college students in the US have their own cars.
E5Families in the US often have more than one car.
5The underground systems are popular in some major US cities.
5Most Americans prefer to drive their cars outside large cities.
!:;<4.=1'(* The phrase H044,;.@=I1A=1B;1.;1A;J in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
#5at the latest time and nearest place E5at an appropriate time and place
5at an early time and nearby place 5at the fastest time and nearest place
!:;<4.=1'8* Which of the following is true about transport in Britain?
#5Trains are usually cheaper than long-distance coach services.
E5Long-distance travel in Britain is only by road.
5There are no regular flights between regional airports.
5Heavier items and raw materials are often transported by train.
!:;<4.=1'* According to the information in paragraph 6, long-distance travellers in the US can

choose from ______ mode(s) of transport.
#5one E5three 5four 5two
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!:;<4.=1'?* It is stated in the passage that the major problems of road transport in Britain and the US are
______.
#5traffic jams and pollution E5accidents and pollution
5drink-driving and traffic jams 5speeding and bad roads
!:;<4.=1'* According to the passage, people in Britain refuse public transport because ______.
#5they see no reason to use their cars less E5petrol is relatively cheap in Britain
5they like to share rides with neighbours 5they think it is not good enough
!:;<4.=1&* The word “4,;G” in the last sentence of the passage can best be replaced by ______.
#5Americans E5neighbours 5major cities 5the government
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 21to 30.
Human Nutrition is the study of how food affects the health and survival of the human body.
Human beings require food to grow, reproduce, and maintain good health. Without food, our bodies could
not stay warm, build or repair tissue, or maintain the heartbeat. Eating the right foods can help us avoid
certain diseases or recover faster when illness occurs. These and other important functions are fueled by
chemical substances in our food called nutrients. Nutrients are classified as carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
vitamins, minerals, and water.
When we eat a meal, nutrients are @;C;0<;K from food through digestion. Digestion begins
in the mouth by the action of chewing and the chemical activity of saliva, a watery fluid that contains
enzymes, certain proteins that help break down food. Further digestion occurs as food travels through the
stomach and the small intestine, where digestive enzymes and acids liquefy food and muscle contractions
push it along the digestive tract. Nutrients are absorbed from the inside of the small intestine into the
bloodstream and carried to the sites in the body where they are needed. At these sites, several chemical
reactions occur, which ensures the growth and function of body tissues. The parts of foods that are not
absorbed continue to move down the intestinal tract and are eliminated from the body as feces.
Once digested, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide the body with the energy it needs to
D0.140.1 its many functions. Scientists measure this energy in kilocalories, the amount of energy needed

to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius. In nutrition discussions, scientists use the term calorie
instead of kilocalorie as the standard unit of measure in nutrition.
Nutrients are classified as essential or nonessential. Nonessential nutrients are manufactured
in the body and do not need to be obtained from food. Examples include cholesterol, a fatlike substance
present in all animal cells. Essential nutrients must be obtained from food sources, because the body either
does not produce them or produces them in amounts too small to maintain growth and health. Essential
nutrients include water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
An individual needs varying amounts of each essential nutrient, depending upon such
factors as gender and age. Specific health conditions, such as pregnancy, breast-feeding, illness, or drug
use, make unusual demands on the body and increase its need for nutrients. Dietary guidelines, I,.A, take
many of these factors into account, provide general guidance in meeting daily nutritional needs.
From “Human Nutrition” by Worthington-Roberts, Bonnie, Microsoft ® Student 2009.
!:;<4.=1'* The first paragraph mainly discusses ______.
#5chemical substances in our food
E5a variety of essential nutrients to human beings
5the importance of food to human beings
5the study of human nutrition
!:;<4.=1* The word “@;C;0<;K” in the second paragraph mostly means “ ”
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#5refused E5produced 5expressed 5renewed
!:;<4.=1F* Which of the following is NOT true about the process of digestion
#5The small intestine covers the whole digestive system.
E5The small intestine helps the body absorb nutrients.
5Nutrients are carried to different sites in the body
5Saliva plays an important role in the first stage of digestion
!:;<4.=19* The word “D0.140.1” in the paragraph is closest meaning to “ ”
#5obtain E5provide 5keep performing 5carry on making
!:;<4.=1(* According to the passage, nutrients are absorbed ______.
#5over the whole body E5in the mouth
5in the stomach 5in the small intestine

!:;<4.=18* According to the passage, which of the following provides energy for the body?
#5Proteins, fats, and minerals
E5Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
5Carbohydrates, minerals, and water
5Proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates
!:;<4.=1* In nutrition discussions, the standard unit used to measure nutrients is ________.
#5kilocalorie E5kilogram 5calorie 5gram
!:;<4.=1?* The word “I,.A,” in the last paragraph refers to______.
#5general guidance E5unusual demands 5dietary guidelines 5nutritional needs
!:;<4.=1* Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
#5Classification of nutrients
E5The body’s need of nutrients
5The effects of food on the body
5Food sources from animals
!:;<4.=1F&* Through the passage, the author provides the readers with _______.
#5instructions E5some information 5some proposal 5orders
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part is
pronounced differently from that of the rest in each of the following questions from 31to 33.
!:;<4.=1F'*#5future E5figure 5adventure 5mature
!:;<4.=1F*#5rejects E5always 5players 5confides
!:;<4.=1FF*#5walked E5jumped 5involved 5missed
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions from 34 to 36.
!:;<4.=1F9* He was one of the most =:4<401K.1/ performers at the live show last night.
#5impressive. E5well- known 5important 5easy- looking
!:;<4.=1F(* He was asked to 0AA=:14L=@ his presence at the scene of the crime"
#5complain E5explain 5exchange 5arrange
!:;<4.=1 F8* The repeated A=DD;@A.0C< on TV distract many viewers from watching their favourite
films.
#5businesses E5advertisements 5contests 5economics

Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined words in each of the following sentences from 37 to 38.
!:;<4.=1 F* She is a very /;1;@=:<  old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a charity
organization.
#5mean E5kind 5hospitable 5amicable
!:;<4.=1F?* After five days on trial, the court found him .11=A;14 of the crime and he was released.
#5guilty E5naive 5benevolent 5innovative
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Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions from 39 to 57.
!:;<4.=1F* Please, ____ and see us some time. You ‘re always welcome.
#5come around E5come about 5come to 5come away
!:;<4.=19&* After years of being exposed to the sun and rain, the sign had become completely_____.
#5readable E5misread 5unreadable 5illegible
!:;<4.=19'* Did you read ________ book I lent you last week?
#5an E5Ø 5the 5a
!:;<4.=19* ____, sheep were then used for wool.
#5Although they had first domesticated for milk production
E5Having first domesticated for milk production
5Having been first domesticated for milk production
5Because they had been first domesticated for milk production
!:;<4.=19F* Lorie is very thin, _____ her young sister, who is quite heavy.
#5dislike E5dissimilar to 5unlike 5unlikely
!:;<4.=199* _____ over long distances is a fact.
#5That electricity can be transmitted E5That electricity
5That can be transmitted 5That electricity transmitting
!:;<4.=19(* There is only one Greek island I haven’t visited.
#5which E5whom 5when 5who
!:;<4.=198* Had I studied harder, I______________better in the last exam.
#5wouldn’t have done E5had done 5would have done 5would do

!:;<4.=19* Tom: "Would you like another coffee?" Jerry: " ___ ___ "
#5It's a pleasure. E5Very kind of your part.
5I'd love one. 5Me, too.
!:;<4.=19?* 7C;M*‘Your kitchen is fantastic! Did you do it all by yourself?’ ,0.B0C* ‘No, I ________
by a professional.’
#5designed it E5had it designed 5have it designed 5had designed it
!:;<4.=19* What time do you often leave home school every day?
#5at E5for 5to 5from
!:;<4.=1(&* The more you practise your English, ________ .
#5faster you will learn E5the faster you will learn
5the faster will you learn 5you will learn faster
!:;<4.=1('* I can’t find my dictionary at the moment. I hope it will ______ up soon.
#5look E5clear 5come 5turn
!:;<4.=1(* There was nothing they could do ______ leave the car at the roadside where it had
broken down.
#5but E5instead of 5unless 5than
!:;<4.=1(F* Last week, our class went to Ha Long Bay for a picnic, ________ made us very happy then.
#5it E5that 5of which 5which
!:;<4.=1(9* Rosemary Dare is a wildlife photographer. She ________ in Uganda for many years.
#5will live E5is living 5lives 5has been living
!:;<4.=1((* N01;:“Would you mind if I use you computer for an hour?” =1G:”________”
#5Of course not. I still need it now E5Yes, you can use it.
5Yes, It’s all right. 5Not at all. I’ve finished my job
!:;<4.=1(8* You _______ brought your umbrella . We are going by taxi.
#5mustn’t have E5can’t have 5wouldn’t have 5needn’t have
!:;<4.=1(* ________ had she opened the door than the phone rang.
#5Barely E5Hardly 5Scarcely 5No sooner
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction
in each of the following questions from 58 to 62.

!:;<4.=1(?* Have a headache(A), an upset stomach, and a bad case of(B) sunburn did not put me(C) in
a good mood(D) for the evening.
!:;<4.=1   (* The(A)Oxford English Dictionary is well known(B) for including many different
meanings(C) of words and to give(D) real examples.
!:;<4.=18&* Daisy has such(A) many things to do(B) that she has(C) no time to go(D) out.
!:;<4.=18'* To attract(A) someone's attention we can use(B) either verbal and non- verbal(C) forms of
communication(D).
!:;<4.=18* The wooden(A) fence surrounded(B) the factory is beginning to fall down(C) because of
the rain(D).
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose stress pattern is different
from that of the rest in each of the following questions from 63 to 64.
!:;<4.=18F*#5receive E5notebook 5student 5teacher
!:;<4.=189*#5reputation E5independence 5experiment 5individual

OPQ
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Part 1. Transformation (0.5 point): Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means
the same as the sentence printed before it.
!:;<4.=18(* “You stole my money.” Mr Nam to the robber.
à Mr Nam accused__________________________________________
Mr Nam accused the robber of having stolen/ stealing his money.
!:;<4.=188* Fiona has been typing the report for an hour.
à It is an hour___________________________________________.
It is an hour since Fiona started typing the report.
!:;<4.=18* She doesn’t enjoy travelling any more.
à No longer ________________________________________.
No longer does she enjoy travelling
!:;<4.=18?* My book is not as expensive as yours.
à Your book is _______________________________________________________________
Your book is more expensive than mine (my book)

!:;<4.=18* Without skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
à But for _______________________________________________
But for skilful surgery he would not have survived the operation.

0@450@0/@02,I@.4.1/'5(2=.14
Suppose you were offered a job with one of the following international organizations: WWF (World
Wildlife Fund), WHO (World Health Organization), and the UN (United Nations). Which one would
you like to choose? Write a paragraph of 100-120 words expressing the reasons why you choose the
organization.
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HẾT
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