Push n pull manufacturing in apparel industy




c
A company could create an email database of potential
customers and send them product announcements and
promotions directly
What is Push?
  !"#
$$ %"%
 & 
What is Push?
  !"#
$$ %"%
 & 
%! # $%$"
d
Online banner ads, and radio and TV ads are other forms of pull marketing.
What is Pull?
 $ '%# (!
"!  "
Push Basics
 !'# !!
 !%"! $!$
!)"*%'$#!
$ ) %'#"*'
 #)# "
Push Basics
 !'# !!
 !%"! $!$
!)"*%'$#!

$ ) %'#"*'
 #)# "
Pull Basics
 !#! !)
#%"!! # $ #
!%!)"% 
!!!)!%  "
 !# !)"
 
+! # $"
," +- $
  $  .       !     
$%%"/"
/" +00$&
%!!."
 
+! # $"
," +- $
  $  .       !     
$%%"/"
/" +00$&
%!!."
* 1
 $##  !
#".2%'322! #/4522! %2"
*  %#$
!"
* 1
 $##   $ !
 "+% $!"

 $!!%"6 #
#'"
* $%%6% "$
#$  !006%
 "
+# 
7%-#  0 ! "+
%    $  % .   $   ! !      % (   
 $
+# !#$! "+
 !%#($"
8%6"(!00
$ .%# $%# $
  # ' %"70  
#'!$#  29 32
2#!7:$"2
2#!7:$"2
;'$ < 1
;'$ < 1
#$  !"
#$  !"
  $  !
!'  #!)"
;!
% %$!"
  &$%#% #)
#"+ $!!%%"
7#'%"
,"+ 
="

/" 

>"$
# $

,"+ 
="
/" 

>"$
# $

," +       
     
  .  %$   ?
!"
/"   '
!
>"!
 $     ## 
 %
," +       
     
  .  %$   ?
!"
/"  '
!
>"!
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Push and Pull Manufacturing
Push type" means make to Stock in which the production is not based on actual demand. "Pull type" means make
to Order in which the production is based on actual demand. In supply chain management, it is important to carry
out processes halfway between push type and pull type or by a combination of push type and pull type.
Push and Pull Manufacturing
Push type" means make to Stock in which the production is not based on actual demand. "Pull type" means make
to Order in which the production is based on actual demand. In supply chain management, it is important to carry
out processes halfway between push type and pull type or by a combination of push type and pull type.
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From the viewpoint of supply chain management, it has been proven that those who can satisfy due dates promised with customers and can shorten lead times will have
an competitive advantage. Even if the production quantity increases, if push-type products that are manufactured by MTS can be manufactured by pull-type production
such as MTO and ATO models using SCM software or information technology, then there will be greater business opportunities.
ATO (Assemble to Order) of computers by Dell Inc. and production of sports bicycle by National Bicycle Industrial Co., Ltd. are examples of creating a new business
model by matching the diversification of products with ATO, BTO, ETO, and with new-style marketing.
National Bicycle Industrial Co., Ltd. says
"We can deliver a custom-made bicycle to you within two weeks."
Solectron Corporation says
"We can assemble the computer you requested and deliver it within a week."
These are examples of business models in which new supply chain models are created as marketing models.
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Pull-type production, such as MTO, BTO, ATO, and ETO, is a business model of the assembly industry in which the quantity to produce per product
speci(cation is one or only a few.
For example, construction, plant construction, aircraft, vessels, bridges, and so on.
Make to Stock: In MTS (Make to Stock); products are manufactured based on demand forecasts. Since accuracy of the

forecasts will prevent excess inventory and opportunity loss due to stock out, the issue here is how to forecast demands
accurately.
MTS (Make to Stock) literally means to manufacture products for stock based on demand forecasts, which can be regarded as
push-type production. MTS has been required to prevent opportunity loss due to stockout and minimize excess inventory
using accurate forecasts. In the industrialized society of mass production and mass marketing, this forecast mass production
urged standardization and efficient business management such as cost reduction.
Manufacturer Wholesaler
Retailer
Consumer
Producer
Wholesaler
Retailer Consumer
PUSH STRATEGY
PULL STRATEGY
Product flow
Communication effort
An Illustration
Push versus pull promotion strategy

Producer
Producer
Retailer &
wholesalers
Retailer &
wholesalers
Consumers
Consumers
Producer
Producer
Retailer &

wholesalers
Retailer &
wholesalers
Consumers
Consumers
Producer
marketing
activities
Reseller
marketing
activities
Demand
Demand
Producer marketing activities
Push strategy
Pull strategy





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