RELATIVE CLAUSES IN ENGLISH

Relative clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ )
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RELATIVE CLAUSES (Mệnh đề quan hệ)
A. Lí thuyết

Mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề tính ngữ ) là mệnh đề được dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ
đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng ngay sau danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa và được
đứng đầu bằng các đại từ quan hệ (relative pronouns) who, whom, which, whose, that
hoặc các trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs) when, where, why.
Ta sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ để bổ sung thông tin cho sự vật, hiện tượng con người
được nhắc đến trong câu mà không cần phải dùng câu thứ 2. Bằng cách kết hợp các
câu lại với nhau bằng mệnh đề quan hệ, bài viết sẽ trở nên lưu loát hơn và có thể tránh
việc lặp lại một số từ ngữ nhất định.
Ex: A girl is talking to Tom. Do you know the girl?
Hỏi 2 câu như thế sẽ rất dài dòng. Ta gộp lại bằng mệnh đề quan hệ như sau:
Do you know the girl who is talkng to Tom?

I. CÁC ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ QUAN HỆ
1. Đại từ quan hệ: ( Relative pronouns )
Khi các đại từ who, whom, whose, which, that được dùng để giới thiệu mệnh đề
quan hệ, chúng được gọi là đại từ quan hệ.
a) WHO: được dùng làm chủ ngữ (subject) hoặc tân ngữ (object) thay cho danh từ
chỉ người
Ex: - The man who is standing over there is Mr.Pike ( Người đứng ở kia là ông Pike)
- That’s the girl who has won the medal
( Đó là cô gái đã đoạt huy chương vàng)
- The girl who you saw at the concert is Jonh’s sister.
( Cô gái mà bạn gặp ở buổi hòa nhạc là em gái của John)
b) WHOM : dùng làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ( thay cho who). Whom thường

được dùng trong văn phong trang trọng.
Ex:
- I was invited by the professor whom/ who I met at the conference.
( Tôi được mời bởi vị giáo sư, người mà tôi gặp ở hội nghị )
The boy whom/ who you are looking for is Tom.
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c) WHICH:
 Dùng để làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ thay cho danh từ chỉ đồ vật, con vật.
Ex:
- This is the book which I like best. ( Đây là cuốn sách mà tôi thích nhất)
- The cat which I recently bought is a tri – colored cat ( con mèo tôi vừa mua là một
con mèo tam thể )
- The accident which Daniel saw wasn’t very dangerous. ( Tai nạn mà Daniel đã
chứng kiến không nghiêm trọng lắm)
 Dùng để chỉ nguyên 1 câu/ mệnh đề
- He couldn’t read, which surprised me.
- He got bad mark, which made his parents sad.
d) THAT: có thể thay thế cho vị trí của who, whom, which trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác
định
 Các trường hợp thường dùng “ that”
- Khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất
He is the most intelligent boy that I have ever met
She is one of the kindest people (that) I know.

- Sau các tiền tố hỗn hợp cả người lẫn vật
We can see farmers and cattle that are going to the field.

- Sau các đại từ bất định: nothing, everything, something, anything

He just said anything that came into his head.

- Sau all, little, much, none được dùng như đại từ
These walls are all that remain of the city

 Các trường hợp không dùng “that”:
- Sau mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định
- Sau giới từ
Laura couldn’t find the box in that she kept her photos
Laura couldn’t find the box in which she kept her photos ( đúng)


e) WHOSE : để chỉ sự sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật đứng trước. Whose được
dùng như những từ hạn định đứng trước danh từ thay cho các tính từ sở hữu his, her,
its, their. Whose + noun có thể làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.

The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom
John found a cat whose leg was broken.
It was a meeting whose purpose I didn’t understand.
Note: thay vì dùng WHOSE , ta cũng có thể dùng OF WHICH để chỉ sự sở hữu của vật
( of which kém trang trọng hơn whose)
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Ex: He’s writen a book whose name I’ve forgetten = He’s writen a book the name of
which I’ve forgetten

2. Trạng từ quan hệ ( Relative adverbs)
Các trạng từ như where, when, why có thể được dùng để chỉ mệnh đề quan hệ sau các
danh từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn và lí do.

a) WHY: mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ chỉ lý do, thường thay cho cụm for the reason,
for that reason.
… N (reason) + WHY + S + V …
Ex: I don’t know the reason. You didn’t go to school for that reason
→ I don’t know the reason why you didn’t go to school.
b) WHERE: thay thế từ chỉ nơi chốn, thường thay cho there
….N (place) + WHERE + S + V ….
(WHERE = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)
Ex: The hotel wasn’t very clean. We stayed at that hotel.
→ The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean
→ The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t very clean.
c) WHEN: thay thế từ chỉ thời gian, thường thay cho từ then
….N (time) + WHEN + S + V …
(WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)
Ex: Do you still remember the day? We first met on that day
→ Do you still remember the day when we first met.
→ Do you still remember the day on which we first met?
I don’t know the time. She will come back then.
→ I don’t know the time when she will come back.
NOTE:
- Trong mệnh đề quan hệ XÁC ĐỊNH when và why có thể lược bỏ, thay thế bằng that.
Ex: I’ll never forget the day ( when/ that) I met her.
The reason (why/ that) I didn’t phone you was that I didn’t have your phone number.

- Where có thể bỏ hoặc thay thế bằng that khi where đứng sau các từ somewhere,
anywhere, everywhere, nowhere và place ( không được bỏ khi where đứng sau các từ
khác)
Ex: Have you got somewhere ( where/ that) I can lie down for an hour.
( Bạn có chỗ nào cho tôi ngã lưng một tiếng đồng hồ không)
We need a place ( where/ that) we can stay for a few days.

[ NOT we need a house that we can stay for s few days]

- Không dùng giới từ ( prepositions) trong mệnh đề quan hệ bằng các trạng từ quan hệ
where, when và why.
Ex: The building in where he lives is very old ( Sai )
Nhưng có thể dùng: The building in which he lives is very old.
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I’ll never forget the day when I met you. [ NOT on when I met you or when I met
you on]  when = on which.

- Where có thể được dùng mà không có danh từ chỉ nơi chốn đi trước.
Ex: Put it where we can all see it.

II. CÁC LOẠI MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không
xác định.
1. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): là mệnh đề được dùng để
xác định danh từ đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề xác định là mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa
của câu, không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa. Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh
từ không xác định và không dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách nó với mệnh đề chính.

Ex: The city which I visited last summer is very beautiful.
(Defining relative clause)
Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, ta có thể bỏ các đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ who, whom,
which, that và các trạng từ when, why, nhất là trong lối văn thân mật.
Ex: The women you met yesterday works in advertising. (bỏ whom/who )
The book you lent me was very interesting. ( bỏ which/that)

Do you remember the day we met each other? (bỏ when)

2. Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định (Non-defining relative clauses): là mệnh đề
cung cấp thêm thông tin về một người, một vật hoặc một sự việc đã được xác định.
Mệnh đề không xác định là mệnh đề không nhất thiết phải có trong câu, không có nó
câu vẫn đủ nghĩa. Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh từ xác định và được ngăn
cách với mệnh đề chính bằng một hoặc hai dấu phẩy (,) hay dấu gạch ngang (-)
Ex: Dalat, which I visited last summer, is very beautiful.
(Non-defining relative clause)
- Không dùng đại từ quan hệ THAT trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.
- Không thể bỏ các đai từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ who/ whom/ which và các trạng từ
where/ when/ why của mệnh đề không xác định.
Note: để biết khi nào dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, ta lưu ý các điểm sau:
- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một danh từ riêng
- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their)
- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một danh từ đi với this , that, these, those.


III. GIỚI TỪ TRONG MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ:
Trong mệnh đề quan hệ, khi mệnh đề quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ thì giới từ
thường có 2 vị trí, trước các đại từ quan hệ hoặc sau động từ.
Chỉ áp dụng cho 2 đại từ quan hệ : WHOM & WHICH.
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1. Giới từ đứng trước đại từ : dùng trong lối văn TRANG TRỌNG.
Ex:
- The man to whom my mother is talking is my form teacher.
- The restaurant to which we normally go is closed today.
- Mr. Carter, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan.

- Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost.

2. Giới từ đứng sau động từ: dùng trong lối văn THÂN MẬT
Ex:
That’s the man who/ whom/ that I was talking about.
The picture that/which she was looking at was famous.

Sandra, who/ whom we had been waiting for, finally arrived.
Yesterday we visit the musium, which I’ve never been to before.

Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ ( who, whom,
which, that) thường được bỏ và giới từ luôn đứng sau động từ.
Ex:
That’s the man I was talking about.
The picture she was looking at was famous.
Was that the restaurant you normally go to?

NOTE:
- Giới từ không đứng trước that hoặc who
She is the women who I told you about.
[ NOT: She is the women about who I told you ]

The bus that I’m waiting for is late.
[NOT : The bus for that I’m waiting is late.]

- Với cụm động từ ( phrasal verb ) thì giới từ không đứng trước whom và which.
Ex: Did you find the word which/that you were looking up ?
[ NOT the word up which you were looking ]

The child who/ whom/ that I have looked after for a year is very naughty.

[NOT after whom I have looked ]

- Giới từ without không dùng ở vị trí sau động từ
Ex: The woman without whom I can’t live is Jane.
[ NOT the woman whom/ who I can’t live without ]

3. Trong mệnh đề KHÔNG xác định, các cụm từ chỉ số lượng all of/ most of/ neither of/
either of/ many of/ có thể được dùng với whom, which và whose
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Ex: Mary had three brothers, all of whom are married.
[ NOT all of who]
Tom tried on three jackets, none of which fitted him
Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office
She had a Teddy bear, both of whose eyes were missing.



IV. RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ
1. Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm phân từ:
Mệnh đề quan hệ chứa các đại từ quan hệ làm chủ từ who, which, that có thể được
rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) hoặc quá khứ phân từ (V3/ed)
a) Hiện tại phân từ ( V-ing)
Được dùng khi mệnh đề quan hệ cần rút gọn ở dạng chủ động.
Bỏ who, which, that và be ( nếu có ) và lấy động từ thêm ING
- The man who is standing there is handsome.
The man standing there is handsome. ( bỏ who is )
- The president made a speech for the famous man who visited him
The president made a speech for the famous man visiting him.

b) Quá khứ phân từ ( V3/ed)
Được dùng khi mệnh đề quan hệ cần rút gọn ở dạng bị động.
Bỏ who, which, that và be, chuyển động từ về quá khứ phân từ
Ex: The book which is written by Mr.A is interesting.
The book written by Mr.A is interesting. ( bỏ which, is, đưa write về written )
2. Cụm danh từ ( Noun phrases)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định có thể rút gọn bằng cụm danh từ.
- Dùng khi mệnh đề tính từ có dạng
S+ BE + DANH TỪ / CỤM DANH TỪ/ CỤM GIỚI TỪ
Cách làm : bỏ who, which và be
Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health.
Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health.
Football, a popular sport, is very good for health.
George Washington, who was the first president of the United States, was a general in
the army.
George Washington, the first president of the United States, was a general in the army.
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3. Cụm động từ nguyên mẫu
a. Dùng khi danh từ đứng trước có các từ sau bổ nghĩa :ONLY,LAST,số thứ tự như:
FIRST,SECOND, NEXT và dạng so sánh nhất
Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định có thể rút gọn bằng cụm động từ nguyên mẫu ( to- inf hoặc for
+ O + to- inf)
Cách làm: Bỏ who, which,that, chủ từ (nếu có ) và modal verb như can,will thêm to trước
động từ
This is the only student who can do the problem.
This is the only student who can do the problem
This is the only student to do the problem.

The caption was the last man who left the ship.
The caption was the last man to leave the ship.

New Zealand was the first country which gave women the vote.
New Zealand was the first country to give women the vote.

b. Khi muốn diễn đạt mục đích và sự cho phép
The children need a big yard which they can play in.
The children need a big yard to play in.

c. Đầu câu có HERE (BE),THERE (BE)
There are six letters which have to be written today.
There are six letters to be written today
Here is a form that you must fill in.
Here is a form for you to fill in.
NOTE:
Trong phần to inf này các bạn cần nhớ 2 điều sau:
- Nếu chủ ngữ của 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm for sb trước to inf.
We have some picture books that children can read.
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We have some picture books for children to read.
Tuy nhiên nếu chủ từ đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như we,you,everyone thì có thể
không cần ghi ra.
Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about.
Studying abroad is the wonderful thing (for us ) to think about.
- Nếu trước relative pronoun có giới từ thì phải đem xuống cuối câu. ( đây là lỗi dễ sai
nhất).

We have a peg on which we can hang our coat.
We have a peg to hang our coat on.
NOTE: PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LOẠI RÚT GỌN:
Khi học thì ta học từ dễ đến khó nhưng khi làm bài thì ngược lại phải suy luận từ khó đến
dễ.
Bước 1 :
- Tìm xem mệnh đề tính từ nằm chỗ nào
Bước này cũng dễ vì mệnh đề tính từ thường bắt đầu bằng WHO,WHICH,THAT
Bước 2:
Bước này chủ yếu là giảm từ mệnh đề xuống cụm từ, tuy nhiên cách suy luận cũng phải
theo thứ tự nếu không sẽ làm sai.
Ví dụ:
This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday.
Mới nhìn ta thấy đây là câu bị động ,nếu vội vàng thì sẽ dễ dàng biến nó thành :
This is the first man arrested by police yesterday (sai)
Thật ra đáp án là : “This is the first man to be arrested by police yesterday đúng”
Vậy thì làm thế nào để không sai:
Các em hãy lần lượt làm theo các bước sau:
1. Nhìn xem mệnh đề có công thức S + BE + CỤM DANH TỪ không? Nếu có thì áp dụng
công thức rút gọn thành cụm danh từ
2. Nếu không có công thức đó thì xem tiếp trước who, which có các dấu hiệu first,
only v v không, nếu có thì áp dụng công thức đổi sang cụm động từ nguyên mẫu (to inf.)
lưu ý thêm xem 2 chủ từ có khác nhau không ( để dùng for sb )
3 .Nếu không có 2 trường hợp trên mới xét xem câu đó chủ động hay bị động mà dùng
VING hay P.P.
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B. Bài tập

TRẮC NGHIỆM
1. What the name of the man ____ gave us a lift ?
A. he B. what C. which D. who
2. Were you able to locate the person _____ wallet you found?
A. Which B. that his C. whose D. that’s
3. My friend Nigel, _______ works in the city, earns much more than I do.
A. That B. which C. who D. whose
4. Every one _________ the building was searched by the police.
A. Enter B. entered C. entering D. enters
5. Yesterday was the hottest day ___________ remember.
A. that can B. Which can C. which I can D. I can
6. There was little ______ we could do to help her.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
7. Atlanta is the city __________ the olympic games were held in 1996.
A. That B. when C. where D. which
8. Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, ________________ surprised
everyone.
A. Which B. that C. who D. that it
9. Is this the adress ____________ you want the package sent ?
A. That B. to that C. to which D. to
10. What was that notice ______________?
A. At that you were looking C. you were looking at
B. You were looking at D. which you were looking
11. Little Women, ________________ in 1868, is my favorite book.
A. Is a novel published C. a novel was published
B. Was a novel published D. was a novel published
12. I have three brothers, _________________ are businessmen.
A. All of which B. all of those C. all of whom D. all of who
13. The chemistry book ___________ was a little expensive.
A. That I bought it C. what I bought

B. I bought that D. I bought
14. We passed shops ________________ windows were decorated for christmas.
A. The B. their C. which D. whose
15. “why do you get up at 4:00 am ?” “ because it’s the only time _____
without being interupteD.
A. When I can work on my book
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B. When I can work on my book at
C. When I can work on my book then
D. At when I can work on my book.
16. I didn’t believe them at first but in fact every thing___________ was true.
A. They said B. that they said to C. what they said D. to which they said
17. That book is by a famous anthropologist. It’s about the people in Samoa _______
for 2 years
A. That she lived
B. that she lived among them
C. among whom she lived
D. where she lived among whom
18. Do you remember Mrs. Goddard, _______________taught us english
composition
A. Who B. whom C. that D. which
19. Only a few of movies _________ on Tv are suitable for children.
A. Which show B. showing C. shown D. are shown
20. Do you have the book ______________the teacher
A. That it belongs to
B. To which belongs to
C. To which belongs
D. That belongs to

21. York, ___________________ last year, is a nice lod city
A. I visited B. that I visited C. which I visited D. whom I
visited
22. Neil Amstrong, the first person ___________on the moon, reported that the
surface was fine and powdery.
A. That set foot B. set foot C. setting foot D. to set foot
23. They left me at the bus stop _________ they had met me the week before
A. Where B. which C. when D. that
24. Thanks giving is a time ____________ everyone eats turkey in American.
A. At that time B. when C. that D. b & c
25. The girl _______________ is my neighbor.
A. Talks to the lady over there.
B. Is talking to the lady over there
C. Was talking to the lady over there
D. Talking to the lady over there
26. Vladimir Putin said that he loved his wife and two daughters as well as his dog,
__________ also a female, so much
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S ư u t ầ m , t ổ ng hợ p P a g e 11 | 32

A. Which was B. that were C. all of whom were D. which were
27. His father is a bank manager, ______________ makes him easy to have a good
joB.
A. Whom B. which C. who D. that
28. World trade patterns indicative of the important economic issues ____ confront
the world today
A. What B. that C. who D. they
29. Jackie Joyner- Kersce, __________ the world record in the heptathlon in the 1988
olympics, also won the long jump in that year.
A. Whose setting B. which she set C. whoever set D. who set

30. Hiram Revels, the first black member of the United State Senate, served as
senator for Missisippi, an office ___________ he was elected in 1870.
A. Which B. in which C. and which D. being which
31. Medical research at the cellular level, _________ research on the immune system,
has been made possible through twentieth – century advances in techniques of
genetic research.
A. Which B. whereas C. such as D. is also
32. Not only ______ much bigger than any other planets, but unlike the planets, it
consists completely of gaseous material.
A. The sun is B. the Sun, which is C. is the sun D. that the Sun
33. The olimpics marathon distance ______ in the ancient times to honor a message
who ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver vital news and then died
A. Established B. was established C. establishing D. which establisheD.
34. It’s not until December 25 __________ the exam results will be announceD.
A. Which B. what C. that D. when
35. My friends gave me a suprising party, ______________ was good of them
A. Which B. this C. that D. what
36. Have I told you about ________________ the government is dealing.
A. The problem with which
B. The problem with that
C. The problem
D. The problem that

37. I’ve put Mr. Matthew’s paper in your green file, _________ is on your desk.
A. Whose B. that C. which D. who
38. Vending machine is an automatic machine with drinks and sweets, _______ you
put coins to release whatever you paid for.
A.In that B. in which C. at which D. at that
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39. He is part of a team _______is suggesting the authorities in England reduce the
number of vending machines in public places.
A. Who B. of which C. whose D. which
40. Like you all, I dislike people___________ their promise.
A. Who are not keeping
B. That doesn’t keep
C. Who don’t keep
D. Whom don’t keep
41. Hearing – aid devices are very helpful for _____________ are hard of hearing
A. Those B. those who C. people D. who
42. Are there any house chore for __________ men are better than ____ women.
A. That/ suit B. whose/ suited C. which/ suited D. which/ suit
43. The trail lead led over sandhills ____ thin grasses and thorny bushed grew.
A. Where there were B. where C. that were D. that
44. The creation plan ___________ they disagreed would require the construction of
two new dams.
A. About which B. on whom C. that D. why
45. The school programme _________ has been interrupted by revision tests requires
a regular course study.
A. Whose B. who C. that D. what
46. Credit________ is given in this semester requires approximately three hours of
classroom work.
A. Where B. what C. when D. which
47. Two courses ______ have the same subjects are in different times.
A. That B. what C. when D. where
48. You may enrol your course by email ________ can be faster than other
registration forms
A. Whom B. which C. where D. when
49. Students __________ register for courses do not have any problems.

A. Whom B. what C. who D. when
50. August 23
rd
is the last day __________ you may transfer to another course.
A. Which B. on which C.that D. what
51. Our course needs some requirements _______are listed here.
A. Which B. when C. what D. where

52. Before coming to my office, please check the appointments ________ are listed
in my official calender.
A. When B. why C. that D. what
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53. The appointment ________ continues beyond three hours is always very
important for my customers.
A. When B. who C. what D. which
54. The girl ___________ dress you admire has been working for an expo company
since she left school.
A. Who B. whose C. what D. whom
55. Students _____________ special accomodations should contact the private
dormitory office immediately.
A. Whom require B. that are require C. require D. requiring
56. This book is about introduction to Indians _________ culture started in the
medieval century.
A. Whose B. who C. what D. whom
57. Your company can see our records __________ all technical information can be
seen.
A. Which B. on which C. at which D. from
which

58. With reference to your email __________ 20
th
, May our firm thanks for your
information.
A. Which dated B. which is dating C. dated D. what is dated
59. Did they buy every thing _______?
A. They wished to buy
B. What they wished buy
C. Which they had planned buying
D. What they wished to buy.
60. I never forget the time ______ my motorbike broke down in a very crowded
street.
A. Where B. when C. that D. in which
61. I couldn’t remember the time __________ there was no internet
A. When B. why C. which D. what
62. The restaurant __________ we had .our dinner was the most expensive in this
city.
A. When B. which C. where D. that
63. The top mode about ___________ I was telling is on TV now.
A. Who B. whom C. that D. which
64. I’m thinking of entering the university _______ facilities anf exellent.
A. Who B. that C. when D. whose
65. Is there a reason __________ she doesn’t want to talk in the lecture ?
A. Why B. which C. that D. when
66. Are you the student ______ mother called me yesterday ?
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A. That B. who C. whose D. when
67. Is that the same film __________- we what last year.

A. Who B. when C. for which D. 0
68. Mary, _________ has only been in Japan for 3 months, speaks Japanese perfectly.
A. That B. whom C. Who D. which
69. Dick, _________ we met in New Jesey, is going to meet us next week.
A. When B. who C. which D. that
70. Who was the young boy__________ this morning.
A. Who you talked B. whom you talked C. you talked D. you talked to
71. The reason _______ I didn’t call you is that my father didn’t let me use my cell
phone.
A. Why B. which C. when D. what
72. “ which is your daughter ?”
“ she is the child __________ has long, straight hair “
A. Whose B. who C. which D. when
73. I don’t think my girl friend will remember the day ____ we saw each other for the
first time.
A. Which B. at which C. on which D. that
74. August is the month _________ I always give my birthday’s parties.
A. In which B. which C. what D. why
75. The purse ___________ she has lost last week was found yesterday.
A. Whom B. what C. of which D. which
76. The old lady ________ we were traveling told us her life story.
A. With whom B. of whom C. with whose D. whom
77. She says the exam, _________ she took yesterday, was full of hard question.
A. Of which B. which C. whom D. in which.
78. Genghis Khan, _________name means “very mighty ruler”, was a Mongol
emperor in the Middle Ages.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. how
79. The children_______ sang at the Mayor’s parade were from the local school.
A. whose B. where C. who D. whom
80. Galileo,_______ published works proving that the Earth revolves around the Sun,

continued his
scientific experiments even when he went deaf and blind .
A. when B. who C. where D. whose
81. The school program _______ has been interrupted by revision tests, requires a
regular course study.
A. whose B. who C. what D. that
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82. Credit ______ is given in this semester requires approximately three hours of
classroom work.
A. which B. what C. when D. where
83. Tow courses______ have the same subjects are in different times.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
84. You may enroll our course by e-mail______ can be faster than other registration
forms.
A. who B. where C. which D. when
85. The girl______ dress you admire has been working for an expo company since
she left school.
A. who B. what C. whose D. whom
86. The young man______ was released after the court was found innocent of all the
charges against him.
A. who B. who he C. which D. whose
87. Is that the same film______ we watched last year?
A. when B. which C. why D. who
88. The girl______ I borrowed the dictionary asked me to use it carefully.
A. whose B. from whom C. from whose D. whom
89. The pupils_______ we took to the amusement park behaved themselves very
well.
A. which B. with whom C . whom D. which

90. Bournemouth, ________ we are going to visit next summer, is a real paradise for
the retireD.
A. that B. what C. which D. in which
91. Thatcher,_______ birthplace was above a shop in the small English town of
Grantham, became Prime Minister of Britain four years after she had become the
leader of the Conservative Party in 1975.
A. where B. whose C. in which D. which
92. First jeans,_______ became fashionable for women after they saw them in
Vogue magazine, were made by two Americans, Jacob Davis and Levi Strauss.
A. that B. whose C. of which D. which
93. The first television picture_______ John Logier Baird transmitted on 25,
November, 1905 was a boy______ worked in the office next to Baird’s
workroom in London.
A. which / whom B. who / which C. that/ whose D. that / who
94. Felix Hoffman, a 29-year-old chemist______ worked for the German company
Bayer, invented the drug Aspirin in April 1879.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. who
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95. Joyce Bows, ______ was born and grew up in Portsmouth on the south coast of
England, _______ she still lives, was 100 last year.
A. that / in which B. who / where C. that / where D. who /
that
96. The big clock_______ used to strike the hours day and night was damaged during
the war and has been silent ever since.
A. whose B. that is C. what D. which
97. The pollution ______ they were talking is getting worse.
A. that B. about which C. which D. whom
98. The engineer_______ our company relies is on holiday.

A. who B. on whom C. whose D. whom
99. The dam_______ they plan to build will cover acres of forest.
A. which B. to which C. whom D. where
100. He is a talented cricket player ______ abilities include fast bowling and
powerful batting.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. of which
101. Eastern Rwanda is very different from the South-west, _______ monkeys,
birds and orchids thrive in the high altitude primary.
A. when B. where C. which D. who
102. Wednesday is the day_________ a tour guide leads a tour around the
town’s historical places.
A. when B. which C. whose D.
where
103. Robert Riva, an Italia______ used to play for Cremonese, now coaches
Reigate under 11’s football team.
A. when B. which C. where D. who
104. The town ________ the folk festival is taking place is usually a quiet resort.
A. when B. where C. whom D.
which
105. As a celebrity______ many children admire, it is important for her to act
responsibly.
A. when B. where C. whom D.
whose
106. We always hold a family barbecue in our garden on Independence .
A. what B. that C. when D.
which
107. When I was at school. There was a girl in my class_______ skin was so
sensitive that she couldn’t expose her skin to the sun even with cream on.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. that
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S ư u t ầ m , t ổ ng hợ p P a g e 17 | 32

108. We’ll row until the spot ______ the river bends and then we’ll turn back.
A. where B. when C. whose D.
which
109. On the days_______ I feel I need to reflect on the past and plan my future, I
sit by the river and watch the swans swim past.
A. when B. where C. whose D.
which
110. My mother’s Elvis Presley tape, ________ she listened to every day, has
broken in the music centre.
A. which B. what C. whose D.
who
111. Unfortunately, the friend with_______ intended to go on holiday to Side is
ill, so I’ll have to cancel my trip.
A. who B. whom C. where D.
that
112. According to the research, the time at ______ most road accidents happen
is early evening.
A. when B. which C. whose D.
that
113. The new stadium, ……… will be completed next year, will seat 30,000
spectators.
A. what B. where C. when D.
which
114. Blenheim Palace, _______ Churchill was born , is now open to the publiC.
A. when B. where C. which D.
whose
115. Students_______ register for courses do not have any problems.
A. whom B. who C. what D.

when
116. August 23rd is the last date_______ you may tr August 23rd is the last
date_______ you may transfer to another course.
August 23rd is the last date_______ you may transfer to another course.
ansfer to another course.
A. which B. on which C. why D.
what
117. Our course needs some requirements _______ are listed here.
A. what B. when C. which D.
where
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118. Before coming to my office, please check the appointment _______ are
listed in my official calendar.
A. that B. why C. when D. where
119. I never forget the time _____ my motorbike broke down in a very crowded
street.
A. where B. what C. when D. in which
120. I couldn’t remember the time _____ there was no internet.
A. what B. who C . which D. when
121. The restaurant _____ we had our dinner was the most expensive in this
city.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
122. The top model about _____ I was telling you is on TV now.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
123. Are you student______ mother called me yesterday?
A. whose B. who C. that D. when
124. Mary, ______ has only been in Japan for 3 months, speaks Japanese
perfectly.

A. that B. whom C. which D. who
125. Who is your daughter? She is the child _____ has long, straight hair.
A. whose B. who C. which D. when
126. August is the month ______ I always give my birthday parties.
A. which B. in which C. what D. who
127. The purse ______ she had lost last week was found yesterday.
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
128. The old lady ______ we were travelling told us her life story.
A. of whom B. with whom C. whose D. whom
129. She says the exam, ______ she took yesterday, was full of hard questions.
A. which B. of which C. whom D. of whose
130. I called my cousin, ______ is a mechanic, to fix my car, _______ was
broken.
A. who / which B. that / all of which C. who / all of which D. who / what
131. My only blue tie,_______ Richard wants to wear, is really an expensive
one.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
132. This is the village _______ my family and I lived for six years.
A. in which B. that C. on which D. in where
133. She is a famous actress ______ everybody admires.
A. to whom B. whom C. to which D. of whom
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134. The food ______ I like best of all is pie alamode.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
135. Justine, ______ parents live in Christchurch, has gone to Southampton.
A. whom B. which C. to whom D. whose
136. The old building ______ was behind the local church fell down.
A. of which B. which C. whose D. whom

137. They would like a teacher ______ native language is English.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
138. The person with ______ she’s been working for sometime is very friendly.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
139. My nephew ______ chose a lot of toys at the Toy World store for his
father, ______ is my elder brother, paid a large amount of money.
A. which / whose B. whom / who C. which / who D. who / who
140. This is the time of month ______ a lot of retired people are waiting in
queues in front of the banks for their pensio
A. when B. which C. whom D. where
141. The man ______ was in charge of the management didn’t seem friendly to
us at all.
A. who B. whom C. where D. when
142. The physics teacher, ______ behavior I don’t like much, makes things
harder for the students.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
143. The farmer says he can’t remember a time ______ the winter was as severe
as it is this year
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
144. I think the Chinese are the people ______ habits are the most peculiar to us.
A. which B. whom C. when D. whose
145. I saw several buildings, ______ were damaged by the earthquake.
A. most of which B. most of them C. all of whom D. some of whose
146. The people to _______ she was speaking didn’t know German.
A. who B. whose C. that D. whom
147. This is the time of month _________ a lot of retired people are waiting in
queues in front of the bank of their pensions
A. Which B. when C. whom D. where
148. The man __________ was in charge of the management didn’t seem
friendly to us at all.

A. Who B. whom C. 0 D. when
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149. The physics teacher, ____________ behavior I don’t like much, makes
thing harder for the student.
A. Who B. that C. whom D. whose
150. The farmer says he can’t remember a time _______ the winter was as serve
as it is this year.
A. Which B. when C. where D. why
151. Lan, __________ husband died of lung cancer only 10 weeks after they
married, gave up smoking.
A. Whom B. who C. that D. whose
152. In the torch light, he caught sight of a figure ___________ he immediately
as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.
A. Whom B. when C. that D. where
153. I saw several building, _______________ was damage by the earthquake.
A. All of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. none of
which
154. The people to ______________ she was speaking didn’t know German.
A. Who B. whose C. that D. whom
155. She likes the village _______________ she was born.
A. Which B. in that C. where D. on which
156. Sunday is the day ___________ most of the Christians usually go to
church.
A. In which B. at which C. that D. when
157. The baker _______________ John quarerelled didn’t want to sell them any
bread.
A. With whom B. who C. with which D. to whom
158. Bournemouth, ________________ we are going to visit next summer, is

the real paradise for the retired.
A. That B. what C. which D. in which
159. Thatcher, _________ birthplace was above a shop in the small english town
of Grantham, became Prime Minister of Britain 4 years after she had become
the leader of the Conservative Party in 1975.
A. Where B. whose C. in which D. at which
160. George Washington started the building of the White House, ___________
he never live.
A. Whose B. that C. in which D. which
161. First jeans, became fashonable for women after they saw them in vogue
magazines, were made by two Americans, Jacob Davis and Levi Strauss.
A. Who B. which C. of which D. that
Relative clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ )
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162. The first television picture ___________ Join Logie transmitted on 25
November, 1905 was a boy __________ worked in the office next to Baird’s
workroom in London.
A. That – whose B. that – which C. who – which D. that – who
163. To calm his angry girlfriend, John offered an apology………Jane did not
accept.
A. which B. who C. whom D. when
164. Michelle screamed when she saw the spider………dangled from the one
clean bathroom towel.
A. whom B. where C. that D. whose
165. Brian said goodnight to his roommate………contined to play video games
until his eyes were blurry with fatigue.
A. Justin, whom B. Justin who C. Justin, who D. Justin, that
166. The children………skateboard in the street are especially noisy in the early
evening.

A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
167. We have many blessings for those………we are deeply grateful to.
A. whose B. whom C. that D. which
168. Women………work are happier than those………don’t work.
A. that/ whom B. who/ who C. whom/ that D. whose/ which
169. It took me a while to get used to people………eat.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
170. He is that man………I wanted to speak to and ………name I’d forgotten.
A. whose/ whom B. that/ which C. who/ that D. whom/ whose
171. This is the house………I lived when I first came to the US.
A. in that B. in where C. where D. which in
172. It was in that house………we spent our childhood.
A. where B. that C. when D. in which
173. My friend eventually decided to get divorced, ………upset me a lot.
A. who B. why C. that D. which
174. I saw a lot new people at the party, ………seemed familiar.
A. which B. that C. some of that D. some of whom
175. The reason………I have continued to work for that company is the job
security.
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A. at which B. which C. why D. for that
176. The house………I grew up has just removed.
A. where B. in that C. which D. that
177. The old man and his two dogs………were seriously burnt in the fire last
week have gradually recovered.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
178. The woman………hair is long and curly is the new secretary, Mrs. Chan.
A. who B. whose C. that D. which

179. ………used to be the tallest building in the world, is still a popular tourist
attraction.
A. The Empire State Building
B. It is The Empire State Building, which
C. It is The Empire State Building, that
D. The Empire State Building, which
180. ………was the first president of the United States, is a symbol of honesty,
bravery, and patriotism.
A. George Washington
B. George Washington, that
C. George Washing, who
D. That was George Washington
181. It was Peter and Mary………often came to help me whenever I was in
neeD.
A. whose B. which C. that D. whom
182. ………failed will have no retake the exam next week.
A. Those B. Those who C. Who D. Those which
183. My favorite month is always February………we celebrate Valentine’s Day
and Presidents’ Day.
A. which B. where C. why D. when
184. Travelling on holiday, ………I love to do, can be very expensive.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
185. New York is a place………people of many different cultures live and work
together.
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A. where B. that C. which D. in that
186. I could not remember the person about………you told me, so I could not
talk to him.

A. that B. who C. whom D. which
187. The book………author is now being shown in the news has become a
bestseller.
A. that B. which C. whose D. whom
188. Recommend me a nice restaurant………we can have an Italian dinner.
A. which B. in that C. in where D. where
189. ………is located at 68
th
Park, is part of the City University of New York.
A. Hunter College, which
B. Hunter College which
C. Hunter College, that
D. Hunter College, where
190. If she cannot find………reliable to take care of her children, she may not
join us.
A. someone is B. Someone which is C. who is D. Someone who is
191. At last they were able to tow up the man and his car………crashed down
the hill.
A. whose B. which C. who D. that
192. Experts all agree that dreams………great anxiety and stress are called
nightmare.
A. when cause B. whom cause C. caused D. which cause
193. What’s the name of the person………first landed on the moon?
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
194. Frank Smith, ………son works for us, can provide an estimate.
A. whose B. that C. which D. whom
195. ………small two-winged insects, can spread fatal diseases like malaria and
dengue fever.
A. Mosquitoes are
B. Mosquitoes, which are

C. Mosquitoes, that are
Relative clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ )
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D. They are mosquitoes
196. That horrible incident occurred in 1967, ………I was still a baby.
A. when B. why C. where D. which
197. They are the most beautiful roses………
A. I have ever seen
B. whom I have ever seen
C. that I have ever seen them
D. where I have ever seen
198. My boss gave Peter, ………, the promotion.
A. he had alwas preferred
B. whom he had always preferred
C. he had always preferred whom
D. that he had always preferred
199. The basement is the room………most of my studying.
A. where I do B. I do in C. In that I do D. I do
200. I have found you the tutor………
A. whom you were looking
B. for whom you were looking
C. for who you were looking
D. that you were looking
TỰ LUẬN
A. Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb.
1. She is the most intelligent woman. I ‘ve ever met this woman
2. This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday
3. The police want to know the hotel. Mr Foster stayed there two weeks ago.
4. I have not decided the day. I ‘ll go to London on that day.

5. He doesn’t want to sell the house. He was born in this house.
6. I looked at the moon. It was very bright that evening.
7. The man is my farther . I respect this man most.
8. The boy is my cousin. You made fun of him.
9. The man called the police. His wallet was stolen.
10. A man answered the phone. He said Tom was out.
11. Phuong Thoa is a singer. You like her music best.
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12. This man was a brave man. No one trusted him.
13. Tom’s father goes swimming everyday. He is 78 years old.
14. Do you know the girl? Tom is talking to her.
15. Here is his address. You should write to it.
16. He can change the situation. He always likes to do something new.
17. I gave it to the poor man. His name was Long.
18. Uncle Ho lived in that house. It is now a museum.
19. The man is my teacher. His daughter learns with me.
20. Her many friends gave her encouragement. I like to be considered among them.
21. Her father died last year. She looked after him for over 20 years.
22. The bed has no mattress. I sleep on this bed.
23. There wasn’t any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box.
24. Mr. Smith said he was too busy to speak to me. I had come specially to see him.
25. I saw several houses. Most of them were quite unsuitable.
26. Graham took us to his office. It was filled with books.
27. Mr. Marks is unhappy about the plans for the new dam. The stream flows across
his farm.
28. They picked up five boat-loads of refugees. Some of them had been at sea for
several months.
29. Tom came to the party in patched jeans. This surprised the other guests. Most of

the other guests were wearing evening dress.
30. The people didn’t know French. He was speaking to these people.
31. Mr. Jones was very generous about overtime payments. I was working for him.
32. A woman answered the phone . She told me you was busy .
33. The bus is always crowded . I take it to school every morning .
34. They are singing a song. I don’t know the song .
35. A man spoke to me . He was very helpful .
36. A midwife is a woman. She assists other women in childbirth .
37. They are the children . Their team won the match .
38. The house is for sale . It has the green shutters
39. My farther bought a motor bike . The motorbike costs 2 thousand dollars
40. They are the postcards . I sent them from Australia .
41. The house has been built in the forest . It doesn’t have electricity
42. The girl chatted with him yesterday . She arrived here at 6 : 30
43. I’m reading the book . I bought it in London in 1996 .
44. Trang couldn’t come to the party . This was pefectly true
45. Do you know the girl ? Tom is talking to the girl .
46. Tuan speaks English very well . He comes from Vietnam.
47. The man invited me to his party . He was really polite .
48. A lion is an animal . This animal lives in Africa .