SOCIAL AND FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Greeting (Chào hỏi)
- How do you do
- Pleased to meet
you.
- Good morning.
- Good afternoon
- Good evening.
- How are you?
- How are things?
- How's the family?
Responses
- How do you do
- Pleased to meet you.
- Good morning.
- Good afternoon.
- Good evening.
- Fine, thanks. And you?
- Not too bad, thanks.
- Very well, thank you.
Goodbyes
- It was very nice
meeting you.
trip
- Have a good
journey
flight.
- I hope to see you
again.
on the
(1st July)
- See you next
week.
soon.
Responses
- I really enjoyed meeting you, too.
- Thank you (and the same to you).
- I hope so, too.
- Have a good trip back.
Offering
- Shall I + V1 ?
- Do you want me to
+ V1 …?
- If you like, I can +
V1 ?
- Would you like me
to + V1 ?
Responses
Accepting
Declining
- Yes, please. - Thanks,
but please don't bother.
- Thank you. - Thanks,
but that won't be
necessary.
- That's very kind of you. - That's
very kind of you, but
(/
can manage).
- Thank you. I'd appreciate that.
Requesting (Yêu
cầu)
- Can you + V1 ?
- Could you + V1 ?
- Would you + V1 ?
- Do you think you
could + V1 ?
- Would you mind +
V-ing ?
- Do you mind + V-
ing ?
Responses
Agreeing
Refusing
- I think that
will be difficult
- Yes, of course. (There
isn't enough time)
- Yes, certainly. - I'm afraid
not (I'm very busy)
- I'm sorry, but
that's not possible
(I’m leaving
now)
- I'm afraid
not.
- Not at all.
- No, of course not.
Asking for opinions
- What do you think
about (the design)?
- What's your
opinion of (the
quality?
- How do you feel
about (the price)?
Giving opinions
- In my opinion
Agreeing
Disagreeing
- I agree. - I'm
(it's excellent).
- I think (it’s
rather expensive).
afraid I don't agree.
- I certainly agree with that. - I'm
sorry, but I disagree.
- I agree completely. - I
couldn’t agree less.
- In my opinion, you are correct - No,
that’s wrong.
- I couldn’t agree more. – I
couldn’t disagree more.
- You are right. - I
refuse to believe that
Asking for
suggestions
- Do you have any
suggestion for (the
agenda) ?
- Any ideas on
(the parking
problem) ?
Making suggestions
- I suggest + V1
- How about + V-
ing ?
- What about + V-ing
?
- Why don't we +
V1 ?
- Why not + V1 ….?
- We could + V1 ?
- Let’s + V1 …
Accepting suggestions
Rejecting suggestions
-Yes, that's a good idea. - Yes,
but (it's too far away).
-Yes, let's do that. - I'm not
sure about that.
- I'm
afraid I don't like that idea.
Thanking for
hospitality
- Thank you for
inviting us. We've
had a wonderful time.
Responding to thanks
could come.
- I'm glad you enjoyed it.
found it interesting
- Thank you for
everything. It was
really enjoyable.
- Thank you very
much for your
hospitality. I really
appreciated it.
- Thanks a lot.
Everything was great.
liked it.
Thanking
- Thanks for all your
help.
- Thank you for your
advice.
- Thank you for a
really excellent meal.
- Thank you for a
lovely evening.
Responses
- Don't mention it.
- Not at all.
- You're welcome. (US)
- It was my pleasure.
- I’m glad you like it.
Apologizing (Xin
lỗi)
- Sorry I'm late.
- I'm sorry. I've
broken a glass.
- Forgive me. I’m
terribly sorry
about
- I apologize for
Responses
- It doesn't matter. / That’s quite all
right.
- Don't worry. /That’s OK.
- Never mind./ Don’t worry about it.
- I understand completely.
- You don’t need to apologize. / It’s not
your fault.
Asking and giving
permission
- May I sit here?
- Could I use your
phone?
-Do you mind if I
open the widow ?
Responses
- Yes, of course.
- Please do.
- Yes, certainly.
- No, not at all.
Refusing permission
-Could I borrow your
car ?
-Do you mind if I
smoke ?
Responses
-Sorry, but I need it.
-Well, I’d rather you didn’t.
Inviting (mời)
- I'd like to invite you
to (have dinner
with me)?
- Would you join
us (for a game of
tennis) ?
- Would you like
to (come
swimming)?
- Why don't you
(have lunch with
us) ?
- Are you free on
Saturday ? Would
you like to ?
- How about
(joining us ) ?
Accepting
Declining
- Thank you. I'd be delighted - I’d
love to, but (I’ m afraid
to accept. I
can’t)
- Thank you. I'd love to. -
Thanks a lot, but (I've made
another arrangement).
- Thank you. I'd enjoy that. – I
wish I could , but
- That would be wonderful. – I’d
really like to, but
- Thanks. I’d love to. –
Sorry. I’ve made plans for
Saturday.
- Sounds great. / All right. / OK.
Giving compliments
-I would like to
compliment you
on
- I think your (hair) is
very nice.
- I love your
- The chicken is
delicious.
Responses
- Thank you. It’s nice of you to say so.
- Thank you, but it really isn’t anything
special.
- Thank you. Yours is even nicer.
- I’m glad you like it.
- Thank you.
- I really like your
Giving good news.
- I’ve passed my
final exam.
Responding to good news.
- Congratulations!
- That’s great.
Giving bad news
- I failed my driving
test.
Responding to bad news.
- Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.
Giving good wishes
- Have a good
weekend.
- I hope you enjoy
your holiday.
Responding good wishes
- Thanks. You too.
- Thanks, the same to you.
Exercise 1:
1. Linda: "Excuse me! Where’s the post office?"
Maria: "______."
A. Don’t worry B. It’s over there C. Yes, I think so D.
I'm afraid not
2. Alice: "What shall we do this evening?"
Carol: "______"
A. No problem. B. Let’s go out for dinner. C. Oh, that’s good!
D. I went out for dinner.
3. Helen: "Where do you come from?"
Ann: "______."
A. In London B. Yes, I have just come here C. I’m
living in London D. I come from London
4. Helen: “Congratulations!”
Jane: “______”
A. What a pity! B. You are welcome. C. Thank you. D.
I’m sorry.
5. Tom: “How did you get here?”
John: “______”
A. I came here by train. B. I came here last night.C. The train is
so crowded. D. Is it far from here?
6. - “Bye!”
- “______ .”
A. See you lately B. Thank you C. Meet you again
D. See you later
7. - “I’ve passed my driving test.”
- “______”
A. Congratulations! B. That’s a good idea. C. It’s nice of
you to say so. D. Do you?
8. - “Would you like to have dinner with me?”
- “______.”
A. Yes, I’d love to B. Yes, so do I C. I’m very happy
D. Yes, it is
9. Ann: “______ where the nearest post office is?”
Linda: “Turn left and then turn right.”
A. Could you tell me B. Should you show me C. Do you tell
me D. Will you say me
10. - “How do you do?”
- “______”
A. How do you do? B. Not too bad. C. I’m well. Thank
you. D. Yeah, OK.
11. Sue: “I love pop music.”
Alice: “______.”
A. No, I won't B. Neither do I C. Yes, I like it D.
So do I
12. Maria: “I’m taking my end-of-term examination tomorrow.”
Sarah: “______!”
A. Good day B. Good chance C. Good time D.
Good luck
13. Ann: "What do you usually do on Sundays?"
Mary: "______."
A. I used to drive to work B. I’m not doing
anything
C. I usually sleep until noon D. I’d be sleeping
all day
14. Ann: “Are you going to visit Britain next month?”
Kim: “Yes, ______. ”
A. I am B. I can C. I like D. I do
15. David: “You’ve got a beautiful dress!”
Helen: “______.”
A. I do B. Okay C. You, too D. Thank you
16. Hung: “Thank you very much for a lovely party.”
Hoa: “_______. ”
A. You are welcome B. Thanks C. Cheers D.
Have a good day
17. Oliver used to go fishing and ______.
A. so did I B. so did me C. I did not D. so I
did
18. Ann: Do you think you’ll get the job?
Mary: _______.
A. Yes, that’s right B. I think not C. I know so
D. Well, I hope so
19. David: "Happy Christmas!"
Jason: "______"
A. The same to you! B. Happy Christmas with you! C. You
are the same! D. Same for you!
20. It’s very ______ of you to help me.
A. glad B. happy C. kind D. well
21. “Let’s go to the movie now.” – “Oh, ”
A. Good idea B. I don’t C. Why's that? D. I
need it
22. "Hello! BBC!. can I help you?"
A. Which B. When C. Where D.
How
23. At the end of the letter Mary wrote, "Give my best to
your parents."
A. hopes B. wishes C. words D.
belief
24. –“What’s your hobby, Lan ?”
- “________”
A. Well, I like collecting stamps. B. Oh, with computers
C. Well, I want stamps D. Oh, on the phone.
25. -“You look nice today. I like your new hair style.”
- “_________”
A. It’s nice of you to say so. B. Shall I ? Thanks.
C. Oh, well done. D. I feel interesting to hear that.
26. –“ A motorbike knocked Ted down.”
- “_________”
A. What is it now ? B. Poor Ted! C. How terrific! D. What a
motor bike!
27. “ I have bought you a toy. Happy birthday to you!”
- “_________”
A. The same to you! B. Have a nice day. C. What a pity! D.
What a lovely toy!. Thanks.
28. - “_________”
-“Oh, it’s great!”
A. How is the English competition like ?
B. Would you like the English competition ?
C. What do you like about the English competition ?
D. What do you think of the English competition ?
29. –“More coffee? Anybody?”
- “_________”
A. I don’t agree, I’m afraid. B. I’d love to
C. Yes, please. D. It’s right, I think.
30. “Oh, I’m really sorry!”
- “_________”
A. It was my pleasure. B. That’s all right. C. Thanks. D.
Yes, why ?
31. - Janet: "Do you feel like going to the cinema this evening?"
- Susan: "______."
A. You’re welcome B. That would be great
C. I feel very bored D. I don't agree, I'm afraid
32. - Laura: “What a lovely house you have!”
- Maria: “_______.”
A. Thank you. Hope you will drop in B. I think so
C. No problem D. Of course not, it’s not costly
33. Anne: “Thanks for the nice gift!”
John: “______”
A. I’m glad you like it. B. You’re welcomed.
C. In fact, I myself don’t like it. D. But do you know
how much it costs?
MODAL VERBS ( ng t khi m khuy t)Độ ừ ế ế
A. MODALS IN ACTIVE
1. COULD/ MAY/ MIGHT
Could/ may/ might + V1 (có th ): ch m t kh n ng-di n t ể ỉ ộ ả ă ễ ả
s suy đoán không ch c ch n l mự ắ ắ ắ
Ex: - It may/ might/ could rain tomorrow.
Ng i ta c ng có th nói:ườ ũ ể
- It will possibly rain tomorrow.
- Maybe it will rain tomorrow.
Possibly, maybe = perhaps: có l . có kh n ng (ch d đoán)ẽ ả ă ỉ ự
Ex: I don’t know where Lan is. Maybe she is in her room.
I may go to the beach or stay at home in this summer
holidays.
2. SHOULD: c dùng di n t :Đượ để ễ ả
- M t l i đ ngh , l i khuyên.ộ ờ ề ị ờ
Ex: - You should study hard.
- He shouldn’t do that work. It’s too hard.
- M t s mong đ iộ ự ợ
It should rain tomorrow. (I expect it to rain tomorrow.)
My letter should arrive next week.
3. MUST: c dùng di n tĐượ để ễ ả
Must + V1: (ph i), di n t :ả ễ ả
- s b t cu c ự ắ ộ
Ex: I haven’t phoned for her for months. Tonight I must
phone her.
- m t s suy lu n h p lý, có c sộ ự ậ ơ ơ ở
Ex: John’s lights are out. He must be asleep.
You must be tired after a long walk.
+ mustn’t ch s ng n c mỉ ự ă ấ
Ex: You mustn’t drive on the left
4. HAVE TO + V1
Have to có ngh a g n nh must, nh ng không mang tính b t ĩ ầ ư ư ắ
bu c mà ch th y c n ph i làm.ộ ỉ ấ ầ ả
Ex: - I need some meat. I have to go to the butcher’s.
- Does your father have to go at once?
5. COULD/ MAY/ MIGHT + HAVE + P.P
Hình th c này đ c dùng đ ch kh n ng trong quá kh .ứ ượ ể ỉ ả ă ứ
Ex: It may have rained last night, but I’m not sure.
John might have gone to the movies yesterday.
6. SHOULD + HAVE +P.P
Hình th c này đ ch m t b n ph n, trách nhi m đ c cho là ứ ể ỉ ộ ổ ậ ệ ượ
x y ra quá kh , nh ng vì m t lý do nào đó đã không x y ra.ả ở ứ ư ộ ả
Ex: John should have gone to the post office this morning.
(He did not go to the post office)
Maria shouldn’t have called John last night. (she did
call him)
7. MUST + HAVE + P.P: ch m t s suy lu n h p lý trong quá ỉ ộ ự ậ ợ
kh .ứ
Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied
hard.
Mary looks very tired. She must have stayed up late last
night.
8. NEED / NEEDN’T
- need + to-inf: c nầ
- need + V-ing c n đ c (c u trúc b đ ng)ầ ượ ấ ị ộ
- need + to be + V3/-edc n đ c (c u trúc b đ ng)ầ ượ ấ ị ộ
* needn’t + V1 không c n ph iầ ả
needn’t + V1 = don’t have to + V1
B. MODALS IN PASSIVE ( ng t khi m khuy t trong Độ ừ ế ế
câu b ng)ị độ
In the present: MODAL +BE + P.P
In the past: MODAL + HAVE + BEEN + P.P
Ex: A new school will be built in this area next year.
The key could have been left in the room.
SO - THEREFORE – BUT – HOWEVER
1. SO : vì v y ( ch nguyên nhân, h u qu )ậ ỉ ậ ả
“So” không đ ng đ u câu (trong v n vi t), th ng đ ng gi a ứ ầ ă ế ườ ứ ữ
câu và tr c có d u ph y.ướ ấ ẩ
Ex: The rain began to fall, so we went to home.
2. THEREFORE: vì th ế
- “Therefore” đ ng đ u câu, sau đó có d u ph yứ ầ ấ ả
- “Therefore” đ ng gi a câu, tr c có d u ch m ph y, sau cóứ ữ ướ ấ ấ ả
d u ph y ho c không có, ho c có d u ph y c tr c và sau.ấ ả ặ ặ ấ ả ả ướ
Ex: He broke the rules of the school; therefore he had to be
punished.
* CHÚ Ý: “So” dùng thông d ng trong v n nói, ụ ă “therefore”
trang tr ng h n, th ng dùng trong v n vi t.ọ ơ ườ ă ế
3. BUT: nh ng ( ch s t ng ph n hoàn toàn)ư ỉ ự ươ ả
“But” không đ ng đ u câu (trong v n vi t), th ng đ ng gi aứ ầ ă ế ườ ứ ữ
câu và tr c có d u ph y.ướ ấ ả
Ex: It was midnight, but the restaurant was still open.
4. HOWEVER: tuy nhiên (nó th hi n s nh ng b , c ng nói ể ệ ự ượ ộ ũ
v s trái ng c nh ng không đ i ngh ch nhau hoàn toàn, và ý đ nh ề ự ượ ư ố ị ị
nh n m nh ph n sau h n ph n tr c)ậ ạ ầ ơ ầ ướ
- “However” đ ng đ u câu, sau đó có d u ph yứ ầ ấ ả
- “However” đ ng gi a câu, tr c có d u ch m ph y, sau có ứ ữ ướ ấ ấ ả
d u ph y ho c không cóấ ả ặ
Ex: Lan is a very good student; however Hung is much better
than her.
* CHÚ Ý: “But” dùng thông d ng trong v n nói, ụ ă “however”
trang tr ng h n, th ng dùng trong v n vi t.ọ ơ ườ ă ế
