A hypercube model of ICT (information and communications technology) strategy towards a theory of competency maturity

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!#!""  -#$-$ ". * A")!#, :==<  " ,$." !" "/-!"  !" " !#!"" 
$!"!#"".," $ !$$,"-(!-$#!%$$$%!#'$# !$!&!" !!
( "" "%%"   ("   # " !" -$ *!"  $% #"."  * "  $ !$
#"&"! !" * "  . -"      * ". $ ."# $ .  ,4  !"$$
" :== $% !"$$ . $!! . !" "&"! ","#"" $% !" .$,!
!"$$ ."   # !" !"$$ %"#,"! -"#$. &#$  $&!&"
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-!!"#  ,".$,"!!!""!"#." !#$ $#""!" "/ !$,-"!"
"!" ".$,!."  #" " !* ".!">"(4,#)"!(*"-"(!"(
%#,  !&" "") !$ "/-$! !" -$ *" $ $#!!"   " !($ !#",  $%

."&"$-,"! . !" -!%$#, !"$$ $(   !$ ."# !. !" $&"#"" $%
"!($#) !"$!"/!$%!"!"$$.!" !.#. 4%$#,!$
 "#"!!!"%#, 4+ !#!"" ."-".$("!"#." $',)"# -"#"&"!"
+!"#"! $&!$ !#",.%!"$&!&"!&! $,-"!""'." !#$$#
$,-"!""'" ,."# $"!:==@"$!&"$#"!!$.!"
+!"#"! !#!" %$  ( #"!" #"!"# (#""  $% !" &#$  !#!""  ("
."# !. !"!"$$ "( "*"1 !%!$ $% #" $#" $!$  !$!"
-"%$&!&"!&!" &"!""".!$#" -$.?)!$" !"* " 
"&#$,"!. !$,"#.",. %#, (*",$!&!".!$%""!" !.#. $%
!" .$,! ."  %$# -$ *" $,-"!!&" .&!" .   ". !#!  ,#)"!
"/-$!!$
"-"#*",$." ."&"$-".%#$,%. $% " !." ." ".!$."# !.!"
,-!$%!"+!"#"!$%#, 4 !#!"" ",$."-#$&." %#,"($#)%$#%#, !$
&" *"!!"#."# !. %$# !" $ "?"" $% !"# !#!"" . "&!* ,-#$&"
!"# !#!""  " -"#*",$."%$#" ." $',)"# !$"/-!#"%"!$!"#
$($!&"$#"!!$!"# !#!"" !$!"%#,4  !#!"%$ .!!" ,"
!,"!)"!$$ ."#!$!"$&!&"!&!" 3!"$$"
 !"
"$$". $!$ "+!"#"!, !""$,,!$  "#&"
-#$&."# -#$-"#!-$#!$,-!. !#
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&
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56
Acknowledgments i
Summary ii
Table of Contents iv
List of Tables x
List of Figures xi

Glossary xii


     

:: #$%!"+%$#,!$-"#(:
: $!&!$ B
:B "#" "#1$#"<
:< $!#*!$!$!"*$.$%)$(".";
:; !"$%!"!"  ;
:;: 7" "#%#,"($#);
:; "!""$,,!$ . !#C
:;B "$ ,"#""!#$. !#C
:;< "$,-!"#. !#@
:;; -"#*",$."$%+ !#!"" 0$(#. !"$#$%
$,-"!",!#!@
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     
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: +!#$.!$ D
 #"!&"." !#!$D
: 6$#" !"#"!&"." !#!$=
B ! !$,"# .$,-"!"" !$!"&"-#$-$ !$ :
< -"&!"!"$$" ::
<: !'"&" !  $%     $&!$ !&!" 
."&"$-,"!  :<
< !-" !#", $&!$!&!" ."&"$-,"!  :;
<B $,!-"# !"$&!&"!&!" ."&"$-,"! :C
; 5"$.""!#$$,,"#"0""!#$* " -#.,  :D

;:  $,-"!!&" $&!$ !#$ +'"*".
* " !# %$#,!$ !#!""  
;:: $ "."/-$!!$ B
;: 5 " "!($#)#"."   B
;:B 5 " -#$" #"."  <
;:< 5 "  $-"#"."%!$ C
C -#$-$ ".-"#*",$."%$#+ !#!" C
@ $ $ =
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          
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B: +!#$.!$  B:
B "%#,$%!"#" "#-#$1"! B
BB E !%!"#" "#." 0!".$-!$$% " !.#" "# BB
BB:  " !.  #$!$+#" "#  BB
BB /-. $-".""#!$!"#!$  B;
B< "$#*.%#$, " !.#" "# B;
B<: 6$#,#" "#?" !$  BC
B< ""! "  BC
B<B #%! !#,"! .-#$!$$  B=
B<< !"#!"%".  <
B<;  (!' ".!  <
B<C +."!%#$ ' "-!!"#  <
B<@ --$!"   <B
B<D %$.!"#!#" <B

B<= 7"$ #".$ $ <<
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                   
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<: +!#$.!$  <;
< ""#!$ $%,$."#$,-!"#  <;
<: 6# !""#!$$,-!"#:=<;':=;C <C
< "$.""#!$$,-!"#:=;C':=CB <C
<B #.""#!$$,-!"#:=C<':=@: <@
<< 6$#""#!$$,-!"#:=@:'-#" "! <@
<; 6%!""#!$$,-!"##" "!.*"$. <D
<B +!"#"!!"$$."&"$-,"! ;
<B:  ! !"+!"#"!F ;:
<< #!"!# #$ !".$,!."  ;B
<<: +!#"!./!#"! ;<
<<:: * " $%."""'5 "  ;;
<; &$!$.#&"*!"$$. $!! ;;
<C  $#..""* !".$,!." %$#"'5 "  ;D
<@ +$&!&"!&!" ."&"$-,"!$!"("* ;=
<@: "$$'.#&"$&!$!&!" ."&"$-,"! C
<@::  "* "#&" !""#$%#","!."&"$-,"! C
<@ 5 " '.#&"$&!$!&!" ."&"$-,"!  C<
<@: 5 " ,$."."&"$-,"!  C<
<D "$$. $!!$%!"" -!%$#,  C@
<D: $*"$,,"#"'$,,"#" C@
<D A$"$&"#+A+ C@
<=  !$$%!"-"#*",$."$%+ !#!" CD
<: ,,# @

       !                   
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;: +!#$.!$  @
; ."#,$!&!$$%!"!""$,,!$ . !# @
;B #!"!#"$%!"*(!".""-$""!($#) @B
;B: """-$" !", @<
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;B #&!"5#/"5G @;
;BB "!#"/ @;
;< "$$. $!!$%!"!""$,,!$   !",0A$+ @;
;<: +$&!$!&!" ."&"$-,"!  @C
;< #$%%"#,"!!""/!'""#!$"!($#) @@
;<: +$&!$!&!" !"+$,,! @=
;< +$&!$!&!" !"+6$,,! @=
;; ,"#.$,!." $%A$+ D
;;: !-"$&!$ !#", $%A$+  D
;;:: %".,"  DB
;;: #" ""'* ". "#&"  D<
;;:B  "*'* "."!#"  D<
;;:< A."$$%"#"$&"#+ D;
;;:; "&"# -"#$#&$"?! D;
;C  !"-"#*",$."$%+ !#!" DC
;C: $ "."/-$!!$  DC
;C 5 " "!($#)#"."  D@
;CB 5 " -#$" #"'."  DD
;C< 5 "  $-"#"."%!$ DD

;@ $ $ D=
"

    #$           

C: +!#$.!$  =:
C "+!"#"!, . !# =:
CB #$%%"#,"!  =
CB: "$$'.#&"$&!$!&!" ."&"$-,"! =
CB:: .$%" !.#.  =
CB: 7  =B
CB:B   !#", $!$ =B
CB:< #$.! . "#&" %$#!"$ ,"#""!#$ =<
CB:; "#", . !#*!$  =;
C< 5 " '.#&"$&!&"!&!" ."&"$-,"!  =;
C<: $$ 4 +!"#"!, #"!$-!%$#,  =C
C<::  "/" =C
C< ""#'!$'-""#,  # =@
C<B 6 $$%$", #"!. .! =D
C<<  "**#$. !"# :
C;  !"-"#*",$."$%+ !#!" :
C;: 5 " -#$" #"'"""#:
C; 5 "  $-"#"."%!$:B
C;: "( * #-!$,$." 0 $&!".!, 
-HH" :B
C;B 5 " "!($#)#"." :<
C;< $ "."/-$!!$ :;
CC !"#$!"#!"$$. $!!:;
CC: $ "."/-$!!$ :C
CC 5 " "!($#)#"." :C

CCB 5 "  $-"#"."%!$:C
CC< %#$,!"%# !',$&"#.&!":@
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@ $,!-"#!"+!"#"! :=
@B * $#-!&"-!.$,-"!"."&"$-,"!::
@B: 7 )!) "#-#$" :::
@B 5 " #"'$#"!!$ ::
@BB ? !$ $#"$,-"!"::<
@< " "',)!"+!"#"!::@
@<: 5.+!"#"!'* ".* "  $!$ ::@
@< #$&.  .$,! -!%$#, !#$ !.#. 
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@<B 5. !$,"#'%$ ".$-"#!$ ::D
@;  $4 "'5 "  !#!"::=
@;: " $$"!$" ::
@;::  ": :
@;:  " :
@;:B  "B :
@; " $,-$""$"!$:B
@;B "%!#$"!$" :<
@;<  !$"'5 " %!$!:;

@C   $ !"-"#*",$."$%+ !#!":;
@C: $ "."/-$!!$" $,-$""$"!$:@
@C 5 "  -#$"  #"'"""# " %!#
$"!$":D
@CB 5 " "!($#)#"." :D
@C< 5 "  $-"#"."%!$:D
@@ $ $ :=
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*    + (  *  
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D: +!#$.!$  :B:
D # !$ !"#"" !!",#)"!:B:
DB * $#-!&"-!.$,-"!"."&"$-,"!:B
DB: " "',) !" . $!$  "0 *#") !"
%$#,!$ ,,"!#:B
DB "&"$- -#$" '.#&" !"$$ !$ ""  "#
"/-"#"":BB
DBB "&"$-$#-$#!"$&"#"  :B<
DB< 6$# !$,"#'%$ "."-!%$#,:B;
DB; 6$ $,-#$&. !#-#$.!&!:BC
DB;: "&"$- -#$.!  . "#&"  %$# !" #" " !!"
. !#:B@
D< #$-"#!"!4 "'5 "  !#!":BD
D<: $.&"-#$-$ !$%$#!" !$,"# :B=
D< ,"!$,#)"! :<
D<B -"".!$,#)"!%$#$&!&" $!$  :<:
D<< 5#.."&"$-,"! -#"'",-!$&!&"!&!:<
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&
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D<; 7 ),","!!"#!$$%","#!"$$" :<
D<C +&" !,"!%$##$(!.? !$  :<<
D;  #$-"#!"! -"#*",$."$%+ !#!" :<;
D;: 5 "  -#$"  #"'"""# . * "  $-"
#"."%!$:<C
D; $ "."/-$!!$#"." ".* " "!($#):<D
D;B 5 " "!($#)#"." :<=
D;< %!"#,!$%!"+!"#"!***"*# ! :;
DC $ $ :;
,

   ( 
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=: +!#$.!$  :;
= "!!.$,!." ,!,".:;
=B * $#-!&"-!.$,-"!"."&"$-,"!:;B
=B: "#%#$,- !%#" :;<
=B #&$&!$ !#$- $ :;<
=BB " "',)!"+!"#"!  :;;
=B< 6$ $."&"$--#$.! . "#&"  :;@
=B<: 5 !"#)"I#$.)":;@
=B< $.$!$%!"*$/0$,.%,$%-#$.! :;D
=B<B $,,!$ -#$.!:;=
=B<< #--#$.!:;=
=B; "&"$-$,-","!#-*!:C
=B;: $%!(#"."&"$-,"! :C
=B; +-." -*!:C:
=B;B ? !$.7" "#I"&"$-,"!7I:C

=BC -#$.!!,". -"".:C
=< >#"!&"$,4 !#!":CB
=<: " :C<
=< -"!("* !" :C;
=<B !#!"* " "!($#)I&" !,"! :CC
=;  #"!&" !"-"#*",$."$%+ !!":C@
=;: $ "."/-$!!$ :CD
=; 5 " "!($#)#"." :CD
=;B 5 " -#$" #"."  :C=
=;< 5 "  $-"#"."%!$:C=
=C $ $ :@
-

.  /*  0    

:: +!#$.!$  :@
: $!&"$#"!!$$%!"." $,)"#:@
:B * $#-!&"-! :@B
:B: $,,"# .#" !"#" "#"%%$#! :@<
:B +%"!$!'"."# - :@;
:BB /-.* $#-!&"-!:@;
:< +54 $#"$,-"!"" ."&"$-,"!:@@
:<: 7"-!-#$&"!"$$" %$#$!"#. !#" :@@
:; ".&"!$%$",  :@D
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:;: #$%%"#,"!:@D
:; +54 "!#$ ","! !",:@=
:;: $%#*" "#!,!#/:D

:; 7! ,","! :D:
:;B "#$ " :D
:;< $!"!-#"-#!$ :D
:C +$&!$!&!" ."&"$-,"!0!"+!# :D
:@  +54  !"2-"#*",$."$%+ !#!":D<
:@: 5 " -#$" #"'"""#:D;
:@ $ "."/-$!!$  :D;
:@B 5 " "!($#)#"." :D;
:@< 5 "  $-"#"."%!$ :DC
:D 6$#,!+ !#!"!$ &"!",#)"!-" :DC
:D:  !"-"#*",$."$%+ !#!"!" "$%
?..$ :D@
:= $ $ :DD
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1       2    $    3    
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::: +!#$.!$:=
::   $ :=
::: J"K!$%$#,!"!"+ !#!":=:
:::: ,"#""$%.$,!-!%$#,:=
:::  #-!$%#$,!"$$. $!!:=<
:::B  #"  J("K (! !" -"#*" ,$." $%
+ !#!":=<
:: J2$(K!$%$#,!"!"+ !#!":=;
::: "#"-!$.#&" :=C
:: $,-"!""#".:=@
::B  #"  J$(K (! !" -"#*" ,$." $%
+ !#!":==
::B !#!",) !"-"#*",$."$%+ !#!"

::B $!#*!$!$)$("." B
::B: !#!") !#!" <
::B:: $!&"$#"!!$ !#"#!$!"!"#-$%
$,-"!""."&"$-,"!.!"$$" <
::B: $,-"!"."&"$-,"! .#&"#%$#$&!$
!&!" ."&"$-,"!;
::B:B  %#,"'*#") !#!"." $ C
::< $!#*!$!$#!$"#@
::; " !$ %$#%!#"#" "#  D
::C $ $D
Bibliography 217
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+65
 
*": +,-!$%+ !#!"!# ! !%#,.. !#"&"  =
*"  """!$0$#'-# $%"$%"& +%$  BD
*"B +!#!"#"!-" 0$!&"$#"!!$$%." $,)"# & 
+!"#"! !#!"%$  B=
*"< ,,#$%!"%". !."  <
*";,-"$% $L ? !$ ::;
*"C 6#,'"&" #$ ' "       .," $  $% !" 2-"#*"
$."$%!"+ !#!" ::
*"@ +. !#'"&"#$ ' "    .," $ $%!"2-"#*"
$."$%!"+ !#!"$!"+,-!$%!"+!"#"! :;
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 
6#": +$&!&"!&!" ."&"$-,"!I!"$$" :@
6#" +$&!$ !&!"  ."&"$-,"!  !" !"$$ "  $#"0
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6#":B + !#!".#!"$$. $!! - "$#"0 I
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#"%"##".!$ /!#"!
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"# $!  !! ."&"!!!"#!" ".# #" *$$) ."'
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."&" $( ,$.", .(#"" #. !$*"!"#!".!$!",!$$(" 
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"!3 "#&"#,$."

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". $#! ," "  - !$ :C #!"#    "# $-"#!$#  $( ",  !$ *"
!"#!".!$"("". "#&" ."&"$-".%$#B"/!".," ""!
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(1'*%#" " .! $,,!$  " !* ". *"!(""  !",  . ."&"   
$,*!$$%!""$,,!$ .$,-!
(+* ""!($#)!"#, -#$!$$$(  "# !$$!$ $!"#$,-!"#$ !"
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    $#.." "*$( )$%$!"!$!"+!"#"!* -"#!"/!
2 "G!" *" #)- "    "( !.#. ."&"$-". * !"  $#. ."
$ $#!, B !!   ,"! !$ *"  #"-","! %$# 2 +! #"-#" "!  #"!".
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,)"!" "#%$# "#"" "! . !$ !$$!" -"%%$#,!$
3#.'""#!$,$*"!"$$ !""/!""#!$,$*" "#&" ." ".
!$.#$..! !$ -#-!"+!"#"! !".$%&$""!"$$
!"# !$#"!"#*.(.!!"/ ! "$.'""#!$"# "#&" +#$-".
E- !" -! !$ B   ,"! !" .$-!$ $% ."*.' ("#"   $#!
,"# )"!$*".$-!".
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:==-* ".!"+, !"#-J
A $ $%  !""!  .0 !" + #"-$#!K   !" *"-#! %$# ."&"$- 
!$+%$#,!$+%# !#!#"++!!($.""-$#"4 $,-"!!&"" 
"&"#,$! !"#!"%$#,"#A"#" ."!$#"$%!"!".!!" $%,"#
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" !*   ". %$#  -*'-#&!" -#!"# - !$ $ !#!  .&". ++ !$
*""%!  ,"#  :==B    "&!* ". !$ , $!#"  $ !"#
&"# $ $%!"++
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!"$$ ."&"$-,"! !$ " !*   %$#,!$ %# !#!#"  &" #$ $%! 
"."# $%!(#"-)" .$-"#!  !", %$#!"-"# $$,-!"#$".! 
!"! !$ ."&"# !"    !" -!%$#, %$# %$#,!$ "#&"    !  (" !"
#" "# . !" %#!"#!"  $!". !$  " !" +!"#"!  -!%$#, !"
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+!"#"!"" "./%$#*#"% !$#$%!"+!"#"!"!( ."&"$-"..
 ". * !" .", . #" "#"!($#)  !" %$.!$ %$# !" +!"#"! )". !"
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! - *"!!!"+!"#"!"&$&" !$$*+%$#,!$+%# !#!#"$"!
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. $!!&"( ""#!".!"#" ! !"#" "#$,,!" !!"#*):=@:
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:==<."#("!:==;# !" ":==@ ,."# $"!:==@6##"
:==D."#:==D ,."# $"!:==D$$#":===6,"#!"
$".! ,-"#!&"%$#!"$$$,-" !$!-!"!"$$. $!!
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." !#$ !#!""   + #"! !  "',."."  $% (! !$ >." !#$4 "/ !
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,!-"$&!$ !#", !"&#$ !"$$" 
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*'  !","&" 
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$ $#!!"  *#$! * !" $&"#"" $% "!($#)  "#$-$!" :==;   
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453 /
 #" "# !#!".:==@("!"+!"#"!.$!$,-$#"(  !!! "#
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. !# !$#*" ",-$#"'* "..$!$,%#, ("#" -(".!$!)"$!"
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"!# !$ !" >"# #" 4 !$ "" ."# !. $% !" !#."   + !"
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457  
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' #$-$ "%#,"($#)!$"&!"!"+!"#"!!"$$ "  #"!$ -!$
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45854 "' #$9 '1 :

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$,-#"" &"#"&"($%##"!!"#!#" ,."!$ #! "!" !!"$%!"#" "#
!" #" $% + !#!"  +! -#$&.". !" *".#$) %$# * "?"! #" "# "%%$#!  .
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 !",$#*$!+"!($#)".!". !#*!$,-!#!"!#""" !"
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"#7"!#$ -"!&"!""# $%!",%#,".,$,-!"# ,. !#
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,$." .,","!!$$  !"#!".($"!"+!"#"!-#" "! "'5 " 
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45856 $*(#11.+%#'*%+"%+!."* 

+ -!"# ; (" $( $( !" !""$,,!$  . !# (  . !#*". (! !"
!#$.!$$%A$"$&"#+A+$!"+!"#"!-!%$#,A#$  !#!"" !!!"
 #"$%%"#!$.%%"#"!!"!"# "#&" ("#".  ".+""#!"-#$*",
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!" $&"#""$%"!($#) &$" "#&"*"."&"#".!#$$!"#*"  !", 
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#"."  !" $ ! *##"# . -$!"! ""  !" .$-!$ $% A+   $&"#".
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!#"" "#    -#".!&" -"#*" ,$." $ &#$  -$!"! !#!""  !! !"
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($ " #.(#"    #$!"#  . (!"  #"  ". !$ *. !" %$.!$ $% !"
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5#" :==:  "$ $#!!"  *$.  !" . $!$ " ." $ ,)"# 
, ! &"  !,!" ,$ ! !!&"  #"!$ $% !"# $,-" 4 "&"#" ("
%$#,! !#!"" ", !."# !.!"#"!&""&"$%$,-"!!$(!.#&" 
!!$,-"!!$.$(!"%#,, !*"-$ !$".!$$,-"!" " %" !""#
!" " %%#, !"."' !* "&"! !#$0
' ,!  !$,"#  . $,-"!""  !$ !" &" -#$-$ !$ - .
$#!$:N
' ,-"&!"!"$$" ,.L7":==@ ,$
.8$%%":==DN
' "#* $#-!&"-!.$,-"!"."&"$-,"!$"."&!
:==%:==DN.
' "/-$!$&!$ !&!"  %$#  !*"$,-"!!&" .&!" &"-$#!
:==BQ5#"!:==@ ,.L7":==@

653 

+-"#$,-"!!&""&#$,"!! ,-$ *"%$#%#,!$$,-"!"$ -"! 
$%-#$.!. "#&"."&"#2$-".2$-":==@%$#." $,)"# !$%$ 
$ ! " ! $" $% !" !#"" -#$-$ !$  !$ $,-"!" . "/"0 -#$.! "."# -
$-"#!$"/""". !$,"#!,*$&"%#,, !$!,-#$&"
!"%"!#" -"#%$#,"#"*!.%!$!$%! $%%"#!$,""!#" 
 !$,"# "/-"!!$   2$("&"# *" " $,-"  $! *" )% ! "&"#! !
,-" !!%#, $.*" " ! ".!$!")$("."$% !$,"# .!"#"##

$%"". ",$#"%#,)$( *$!(! !$,"# (!!"*"!!"#$%%!($.*"
,) ." $  $ (! $. $ !$ !" -#$.!   !  $,-"!"
."&"$-,"!!$."&"#!"." #".&"-#$-$ !$ !$!" !$,"# ($.!" #"
  !".#$(!.% " 