BẢN THUYẾT MINH ĐỒ ÁN NGHUYÊN LÝ CHI TIẾT MÁY

- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
1

LU


 

 

 



  -

  

 


  
 




- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
2

PH LC
LU
1
I. CHI T S TRUYN 4
1. Chn. 4
2. i t s truyn 5
3. Lp bng h thng s liu : 6
II.  T K B TRUY 8
1. Chn lo t di 8
2.  ca b truyn : 8
3. nh s  9
4. nh lu lc: 10
III. T K HAI B TRUY 11
1. Chn vt liu 11
2. nh ng xu  12
3. p nhanh: B truy  14
4. p chm: B truy  20
III. T K TRC 26
1. Chn vt liu ch to trc 26
2.  c. 26

3. nh kho t lc. 27
4.  ti trc I : 29
5.  ti trc II : 32
6.  ti tr trc III : 35
7. Kim nghim trc v  bn m 38
IV.   46
1. m nghi bn ca then 46
2.   46
V.  H 52
1. t cu ca v hp : 52
2. p gim tc : 53
3. Lu chnh s p : 53
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
3

4. c cn t cu tp gim tc : 53
5. C nh trc trc : 56
6. Mt s kt c : 56
7. Dung sai l  59
U THAM KHO 61

- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
4

I. CHN I T S TRUYN
1. Chn.
a.  (P
t
):










b. 
td
):
 ti trc sau:



















 P
1
=0,8T
P
2
= T
t

1
=0,6t
ck

t
2
=0,2t
ck


t
= 5,6 kW





















 














 








c. Hiu sut truy












Tra b
- Hiu sut khp ni : 


- Hiu sut 1 cp   : 


- Hiu sut 1 c


- Hiu sut b truy


u sut truyng chung  









- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
5

 




 
d. t cn thin (P
ct
) :










e. Chn :
T s truy (u
t
):
u
t
= u

h
.u

Chn u

=3: t s truy
u
h
=8: t s truyn ca hp gim tc.
 u
t
= 8.3 =24
S a tr
lv
):










S  (n
sb
)
n
sb

= n
lv
.u
t
= 48,48.24 =1163,52 (v/ph)
Ch

> P
ct
Vi n
sb
= 1163,52(v/ph) chn t quay 


Tra bng P1.2 ph lu [1],
vi : P
ct
= 5,46 kW n


 n DK52-4
 : P

= 7 kW > P
ct
= 5,46 kW
n

= 144
2. i t s truyn

 T quay ca tr (n) : n =48,48 (v/ph)
 T s truyn chung :








 :
n


n tc quay c
n
 t quay ca tr
M vi :
u

 s truyn c
u
n
 s truyn cp nhanh
u
c
 s truyn c p chm
T :
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
6

u = u
n
.u
c
.u
x
= u
h
.u

  






Ta chn u

= 3  cho :











 Kim tra t s truyn chung:
 : u = u
n
.u
c
.u

 m bp gim tc bu ta chn :
u
n
= 1,2.u
c

Vi : u
h
= u
n
.u
c







 












 










M : u = u
n
.u
c
.u



= 3,45.2,87.3 = 29,705 (**)
Kim tra sai lch ca t s truyu :

 (**) = 29,7  29,705 = 0,05
V  p nh s truyn :
u
n
= 3,45
u
n
= 2,87
3. Lp bng h thng s liu :
D 
t
 h dc :
a. Ct c :
 :










+ Trc IV :
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
7

P
4

=P
t
= 5,6 kW
+ Trc III :










+ Trc II :










+ Trc I :
 










b. S c:
 : n

= 144
u

= 3
 Trc I :











 Trc II :












 Trc III :











 Trc IV :
n
IV
= n
lv

c. c:
 ng 
















 Trc I :















 Trc II :
 















 Trc III :
 















- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
8

 Trc IV :
 














Kt qu ng sau :
Trc



I
II
III
IV
t P

(kW)
6,38
6
5,83
5,66
5,6
T s truyn u
u
nt
= 1
u
n
= 3,45
u
c
= 2,87
u

= 3
S 

1440
480
139,1
48,47
48,48
Momen xon T
(N.mm)
42311,8
119375

400262,4
1115184,7
1103135,3

II. T K B TRUY
1. Chn lot di:
Ta chn tit ding. u A do t u ki c:
+ n =1440 (v/ph)
+ P
ct
= 6,55 kW
+ u

= 3
+ Ch  .
2.  ca b truyn :
- c tit din:
b
t
= 11 mm
b = 13 mm
h = 8 mm
y
0
= 2,8 mm
- Dit din(A)
A = 81 mm
2
a.  (d
1

):
d
1
   Ta chn d
1
= 110mm
- Chii hn(l):
l  
- Vn t












Thu kin v
1
= 10,55 m/s < v
max
= 25 m/s
 n (d
2
)
c 4.2, vi h s t  = 0,02

d
2
= d
1
.u.(1- ) = 140.3.(1- 0,02) = 411,6 mm
Theo bng 4.26 chn d
2
= 400mm
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
9

y t s truyn thc t:
 









  
















 u nm trong pha t s truyn.
b. Khoc (a):


= 3, d
bng 4.14 u [1]







Tr s a phi thu kin sau:
0,55(d
1
+d
2

1
+d
2

)
 
 
Vi a = 400mm thu ki
c. Chi
c 4.4 trang 54 u [1]





















Tra bng 4.13 trang 59 u [1]
, chn chin l = 1700 mm.
- Kim nghim v tui th:










 Tui th u kin
-  








Vi
 







 







 a =405,25 mm
d. 
1
:
c 4.7 trang 5 u [1]























 Vi 
1
= 143,43
0
thu kin
3. nh s :
a. S 
Tc 4.16
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
10




















P
1
= P

= 6,38 kW:    ng
K

: h s ti trng u, ti trp nhvic 2 ca)
 K

= 1,1 + 0,1 =1,2
[P
0
] 
C

= 0,89 : h s k n ng c
C
l
= 1: h s ng ca t s truyn ( l=1700mm,l
0
=1700mm => l/l
0
=1)
C
z
= 0,95 : h s ng ca s  u ti tr
C

u
=1,14: h s k n ng ca t s truyn





Ta chn z = 3
b. Chiu r
 :
B= (z-1).t + 2e






 B = ( 3-1).15 +2.10 = 50 mm
c. (d
a
) :

d
a
= d+ 2h
0

Vi h
0
= 3,3

- n: d
a1
=140+2.3,3 =146,6 mm
-  dn: d
a2
= 400+2.3,3= 406,6 mm
4. nh lu lc:
a. L
0
















P
1
=P

=6,38 kW

F
v
: lF
v
= q
m
.v
2
=0,105.10,55
2
=11,69 (N)
Vi q
m
=0,105kg/m : kh
v= 10,55 m/s : vn t :






b. Lc F
r
:
c 

















- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
11


 
u

Tit di
b
t

b
h
y
0
11
13
8
2,8

Dit din (mm
2
)
A
81
 (mm)
d
1
140
Vn t
V
1

10,55
ng n (mm)
d
2

411,6
Chn 400
T s truyn thc t
u
t
2,92
Sai lch t s truyn (%)
u
2,7
Kho (mm)
a
400

Chi 
l
1647,96
Chn 1700
S y c
i
6,21
Kho
a
405,25


1

143,43
0
 s
K


C


C
l

C
u

C

z
1,2
0,89
1
1,14
0,95

[P
0
]
2,2
S 
z
3
Chiu r
B
50

d
a1

d
a2

146,6
406,6
Lu (N)
F
0
223,69

L c (N)
F
r
1274

III. T K HAI B TRUY
1. Chn vt liu
 c bim thng nht k,  
chn vt liu 2 c
C th,
theo bu [1],
ta chon:
+ nh :  i thi ri hn b
b1
= 850 MPa,
gii hn bn ch
ch1
= 580 MPa
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
12

+ n i thi r i hn b
b2
= 750 MPa,
gii hn bn ch
ch2
= 450 MPa
2. nh ng xut cho :
Theo bu [1],
i vi thit  rn 












Ch r HB
1
= 254  rn HB
2
 :
 











 












u [1],
t c t i ng sut
 khi th v ti






 :















 truy i tr chu k i, ng su
c 6.7:
















 

























 :
c  l
c = 1
n
1
s 
n
1
= 480 
u
1
 s truyn
u

1
= u
n
= 3,45



ng thc
 




 










 













 

























 











 







- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
13









Vi K
HL
 s tui th n ng c a thi gian phc v   ti trng ca
b truyn
 c ng sut tip














 










 









Vi cp nhanh p chm ta u s d tr 

th u [1] :

























  i ng sut


















m
F
=6: bc cng cong mi khi th v tin (bng 6.4)






























  




 

 i ng su khi kh v un
c u [1],
vi b truyn quay 1 chiu K
FC
=1,75 ta
c:















 









 








- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
14

 ng su
 :






















3. p nhanh: B truy 
a.  khoc:
























 :
K
a
 s ph thut liu ca c
K
a
= 43 




(tra bu [1])
u
1
 s truyn
u
1
= u
n
= 3,45
T
1
momen xo ng
T
1

= 119375 Nmm


 s


= 0,35
(tra b u [1])


 h s k n s  u ti tr u r
 ti












 


 




(tra bu [1])


 ng sut ti
[

 = 503,65 MPa
 :






















  












 
Chn a
w1
= 142 mm
b.  p.
  :









 

- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
15

Theo bu [1],
ta ch
1
= 2
 nh s 
Ch  = 10
0

 u [1],
   


















n z
1
= 31
S n :






n z
2
= 106
 s truyn thc s  :











 :













Suy ra : 


c. Kim nghi  bn ti :
 u [1],
 thng sut tit
 :























 :


 s k  u cp


 




(tra b u [1])


 h s k ng b mt ti










Vi :









 




 





 
 
Suy ra : 







u [1],

s k ng b mt ti:
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
16














 s p dc















vi 






D
u [1]
  s k n s
p c















M 
u [1],






























= 1,66
 d
w1
:












u [1], ta n t










Vi    theo bng  

b u [1], vi c ta chn



(K

 s k n s  u ti trng th
khp)
u [1],













Vi:


 s k  n ng c p



(tra bu [1])



 s k  n ng ca sai l



(tra bu [1])












 





u [1]
  s k n ti
trng xut hip K
Hv


- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
17

















Vi:


 h s k n s   u ti trchiu rh



 1,03

















 



u [1],
 s ti trng khi
 tiK
H

 









 vc:
 



















 










 ng sut ti :
Vi: v = 1,61 m/s < 2,5 m/s,







Vi cng hn c mc ti n gia
 
a

Z
R
= 0,95
d
a
< 700 mm, khi K
xH
= 1

theo  u [1]
















y 



,  , gim chiu r 
























Chn b
w
= 46 mm
d. Ki m nghi  bn un:
 m b bn ung sut un sinh ra t
tr 























 :
K

= 1,12
(Tra b u [1])

Vi v < 2,
F
=1,37
(bu [1])

u [1],
 :
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
18














Vi :


 h s k n  ng c p



(tra bu [1])


 s k  n ng ca sai l



(tra bu [1])












 





u [1]
  s k n ti
trng xut hip K
Fv

















Vi:



 s k  n s  u ti tru r


 1,08
















 



Theo c 6.45 trang 109 u [1],
 s ti trng khi
 unK
F


 






























(Y

 s k n s  p cY

 s k  
S  :



























Theo b  :






Vi m =2 






 
 

 


   
 

  
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
19

Vi d

a

xF
= 1
K
xF
 s   bn un.

 liu [1],
ng
sut u
F
] 
















 c :






 v thc :
 





















 



 <



=269,61 MPa
 












 




e. Kim nghi i :
 ng sut tip ci


:









Vi h s i 

 :










Suy ra :











  




 ng sut un c























y b truyu v i.
f.  c b truyn :
 Khoc : a
w1
= 142 mm
  : m
1
= 2
 Chiu r : b
w1
= 46 mm
 T s truyn : u
m1
= 3,42
  : 
1
= 15,247
0

 S  : z
1
= 31 z
2
= 106
 H s dch chnh : x
1
= 0 x
2
= 0

c trong bu [1]
c:
 chia:
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
20





















  











  











 














 














4. p chm: B truy 
a.  khoc:
























 :
K
a
 s ph thut liu ca c
K
a
= 43 




(tra bu [1])
u
1
 s truyn
u
2

= u
c
= 2,87
T
2
momen xo ng
T
2
= 400262,4 Nmm


 s


= 0,45
(tra b u [1])


 s k  n s  u ti tru r
 ti















 



(tra b u [1])


 ng sut ti
[

 = 503,65 MPa
 :




































 
Chn a
w2
= 197 mm
b.  p.
  :
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
21

 :
 







Theo bu [1],
ta ch
2
= 3
 nh s 
Ch  = 10
0

u [1],
  nh 


















 
n z
1
= 33
S  n :





n z
2
= 94
 s truyn thc s  :












 :












Suy ra : 


Khoc gia 2 trc:














c. Kim nghi  bn tip  :
 u [1],
 ng sut tit
 :





















 :


 s k  u cp



 




(tra bu [1])


 s k  ng b mt ti









Vi :




















- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
22

Suy ra : 






u [1],
 s k
ng b m t ti














 s p
dc 













Vi b
w
= 




 s k  
p c















M 
u [1],






























= 1,753
 d
w2
:













n t










Vi  theo b .
Theo bu [1], vi c ta chn



(K

 s k n s    u ti tr ng th
khp)
u [1],














Vi:


 s k  n ng c p



(tra bu [1])


 s k  n ng ca sai l



(tra bu [1])














- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
23

 





u [1]
  s k n
ti trng xut hip K
Hv


















Vi:


 h s k n s   u ti tru r



 1,03
















   




c 6.39 trang 106 u [1],
 s ti trng khi
 tiK
H

 








 vc:
 




















 





 



 ng sut ti :
Vi: v = 0,74 m/s < 2,5 m/s,







Vi cng hn c mc ti n gia
 
a

Z

R
= 0,95
d
a
< 700 mm, khi K
xH
= 1

 u [1]















y 



,  ,  gim chiu r
























Chon b
w
= 66 mm
d. Ki m nghi  bn un:
 m b  bn ung sut un sinh ra t
tr 
 u [1],
 :

- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
24




















 :
K

= 1,32
(Tra bu [1])

Vi v < 2,


=1,37
(Tra b u [1])

u [1],
 :












Vi :


 s k  n ng c p



(tra bu [1])


 s k  n ng ca sai l




(tra bu [1])













 





u [1]
  s k n ti
trng xut hip K
Fv


















Vi:


 s k  n s   u ti trng tru r


 1,32

















  



u [1],
 s ti trng khi
 unK
F

 






























(Y

 s k n s  p cY

 s k  
S  :



























Theo b u [1]
 :
- 12104213 GVHD: H NGC BN
25







Vi m =2,5 







 
 


 

    
 

 
Vi d
a

xF
= 1
K
xF
 s   bn un.

 u [1],
c 
ng sut u
F
] 

















 c :





 vc :
 

























 <



=262,295 MPa
 













 




e. Kim nghi i :
 ng sut tip ci











Vi h s i 

 :











Suy ra :








 


 




 ng sut un c























y b truyu v i.
f.  c b truyn :
 Khoc : a
w2
= 197 mm
  : m
2
= 3
 Chiu rng  : b
w2
= 66 mm