CHUYÊN đề bồi DƯỠNG ôn THI đại học môn TIẾNG ANH MỆNH đề QUAN hệ (RELATIVE CLAUSES)

CHUYÊN ĐỀ BỒI DƯỠNG ÔN THI ĐẠI HỌC
MÔN TIẾNG ANH
Tên chuyên đề:

MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ (RELATIVE CLAUSES)
1. Tác giả chuyên đề: Trần Thị Bảy
2. Chức vụ: Giáo viên
3. Chuyên môn: Tiếng Anh
4. Đơn vị công tác: Trường THPT Nguyễn Thị Giang
5. Đối tượng bồi dưỡng: Học sinh lớp 12
6. Số tiết dự kiến bồi dưỡng: 9 tiết
*****
A. PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT
I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: (Definition of Relative Clause)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề phụ được nối với mệnh đề chính bởi các đại từ
quan hệ (who, whom, whose, which, that) hay các trạng từ quan hệ như (where,
when, why).
- Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng ngay đằng sau danh từ, bổ sung ý nghĩa cho danh từ
đó. Chức năng của nó giống như một tính từ do vậy nó cịn được gọi là mệnh đề
tính ngữ.
Ví dụ: The man who told me this refused to give me his name.
(Mệnh đề quan hệ)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ được chia ra làm hai loại: Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và
mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.
1. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định: (Restrictive Relative Clause)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, là bộ
phận quan trọng của câu, nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề thì danh từ khơng có nghĩa rõ ràng.
Ví dụ: 1. The girl who is wearing the blue dress is my sister.
(Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định)
2. The book which I borrowed from you is very interesting.
(Mệnh dề quan hệ xác định)

2. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định: (Non- restrictive Relative Clause)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, là
phần giải thích thêm và chỉ là thơng tin phụ nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề chính vẫn cịn
nghĩa rõ ràng.
[1]


- Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định thường được ngăn với mệnh đề chính bởi các
dấu phẩy. Danh từ đứng trước thường là danh từ riêng, danh từ thường có các từ
“this, that, these, those”, hay các tính từ sở hữu như “my, his, her, …” đứng
trước, danh từ có bổ nghĩa là cụm giới từ hoặc danh từ có duy nhất.
Ví dụ: 1. My father, who works in this hospital, is a famous doctor.
(Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định)
2. This girl, whom you met yesterday, is my daughter.
(Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định)
3. Lưu ý:
+ Không được dùng “that” trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.
+ Không được bỏ đại từ quan hệ trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định.
Ví dụ: 1. I saw the girl who/that helped us last week. √
(Mệnh dề quan hệ xác định)
NOT “I saw the girl helped us last week”
2. Mr Brown, whom we studied English with, is a very nice teacher. √
(Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định)
NOT “Mr Brown, that we studied English with, is a very nice teacher”
II. CÁC ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ: (Relative Pronouns)
Danh từ đứng trước
(Antecedent)
Người (person)
Vật (Thing)

Chủ ngữ
(Subject)
Who/That
Which/That

Tân ngữ
(Object)
Whom/That
Which/That

Sở hữu cách
(Possesive Case)
Whose
Of which/ whose

1. WHO:
- Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người làm chủ ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ chỉ người để làm
chủ ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó.
- Theo sau “who” là một động từ.
Ví dụ:
The man who robbed you has been arrested.
That is the boy who helped me to find your house.
2. WHOM:
- Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người làm tân ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ chỉ người để làm
tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó.
- Theo sau “whom” là một chủ ngữ.
Ví dụ:
The woman whom you saw yesterday is my aunt.
The boy whom we are looking for is Tom.
- “Which” có thể được lược bỏ.

Ví dụ:
The girl (whom) you met yesterday is my close friend.
* Lưu ý: Ở vị trí túc từ (tân ngữ), “whom” có thể được thay bằng “who/ that”
[2]


Ví dụ: I’d like to talk to the man whom/who/that I met at your birthday party.
Peter, whom/who/that everybody suspected, turned out to be innocent.
3. WHICH
- Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ cho động từ sau nó.
- Theo sau “which” có thể là một động từ hoặc một chủ ngữ.
Ví dụ:
This is the film which I like best.
The book which I bought yesterday wasvery interesting.
- “Which” có thể được lược bỏ khi làm túc từ (tân ngữ)
Ví dụ:
The elephants (which) people keep in iron cages are very big.
* Lưu ý:
Có thể dùng “which” thay cho cả mệnh đề đứng trước và được ngăn cách
với mệnh đề đó bởi dấu phảy.
Ví dụ:
She can’t come to my birthday party. That makes me sad.
→ She can’t come to my birthday party, which makes me sad.
4. THAT:
- Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả người lẫn vật.
- “That” có thể được dùng thay cho “who/ whom/ which” trong mệnh đề quan
hệ xác định “Restrictive Relative Clause”.
Ví dụ:
The book which/that I bought yesterday was very interesting.
My father is the person whom/that I admire most.

I need to meet the boy who/that is my friend’s son.
* Lưu ý: “that” thường được dùng hơn trong các trường hợp sau:
+ Khi tiền ngữ là người và vật.
I can see the girl and her dog that are running in the park.
+ Thường dùng làm tân ngữ cho động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định đứng
sau tiền ngữ có so sánh hơn nhất, “the first” và “the last”.
This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.
That is the last letter that he wrote.
+ Được dùng thay cho which trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác đinh khi được dùng
sau các từ: “all, only (duy nhất), very (chính là), much, none, no”.
All that he can say is this.
I bought the only book that they had.
You’re the very man that I would like to see.
+ Sau các đại từ bất định (indefinite pronouns) như “nothing, everyone,
everybody, one, nobody, those, …”
He never says anything that is worth listening to.
I’ll tell you something that is very interesting.
+ Thường dùng sau cấu trúc câu nhấn mạnh: “It is…/ It was...”
[3]


It's the manager that we want to see.
It was the present that I gave him
5. WHOSE (OF WHICH):
- Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ sự sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hay vật đứng trước.
“Whose” thường được dùng thay cho các tính từ sở hữu “his, her, its,…”
- Theo sau “whose” luôn là một danh từ. “Whose + noun” có thể làm chủ ngữ
hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
Ví dụ:
+ The boy is Tom. You borrowed his bicycle yesterday.

→ The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom.
+ John found a cat. Its leg was broken.
→ John found a cat whose leg was broken.
* Lưu ý: “of which” dùng để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ vật đứng trước, không
dùng cho người.
This is the dictionary the cover of which has come off.
We crossed the river the current of which was very rapid.
6. GIỚI TỪ TRONG MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: (Prepositions in Relative
Clauses)
- Nếu trong mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ thì giới từ có thể đặt trước hoặc sau
mệnh đề quan hệ (trong lối văn trang trọng và chỉ áp dụng với whom và which.)
Ví dụ: Mr. Brown is a nice teacher. We studied with him last year.
→ Mr. Brown, whom we studied with last year, is a nice teacher.
→ Mr. Brown, with whom we studied last year, is a nice teacher.
- Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, các đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ
(who/ whom/ which/ that) thường được bỏ và giới từ ln đứng sau động từ.
Ví dụ: That’s the man I was talking about.
The picture she was looking at was famous.
- Với cụm động từ (phrasal verb) thì giới từ khơng được dùng trước “whom” và
“which”.
Ví dụ: Did you find the word which/ that you were looking up?
- Giới từ “without” khơng được dùng ở vị trí sau động từ.
Ví dụ: The woman without whom I can’t live is Jane.
* Lưu ý:
Trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, các cụm từ chỉ số lượng “some
of, both of, all of, neither of, many of,…” có thể được dùng trước “whom,
which và whose”.
I have two sisters, both of whom are students.
She tried on three dresses, none of which fitted her.
III. RELATIVE ADVERBS: (CÁC TRẠNG TỪ QUAN HỆ)

[4]


1. WHERE (= in/ at which):
- Được dùng thay cho cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn, “the place’.
Ví dụ:
+ The place where we met was an old pagoda.
+ Mary would like to live in a country where it never snows.
2. WHEN (= in/ on/ at which):
- Được dùng thay cho cụm từ chỉ thời gian.
Ví dụ:
+ Do you remember the day when we first met?
+ Sunday is the day when I am least busy.
3. WHY (= for which):
- Được dùng để chỉ lý do, thay cho danh từ “the reason”.
Ví dụ:
+ Tell me the reason why you are so sad.
+ The reason why he did not come is obscure.
* Lưu ý:
+ When và why có thể được bỏ, hoặc thay bằng that.
I’ll never forget the day (that) I met her.
The reason (that) I didn’t phone you was that I was just too busy at work.
+ Where có thể bỏ hoặc thay bằng that khi nó đứng sau các từ “somewhere,
anywhere, everywhere, nowhere” và “place” (không được bỏ khi “where” đứng
sau các từ khác.)
Have you got somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour.
We need a place (that) we can stay for a few days.
+ Where có thể được dùng mà khơng có danh từ chỉ nơi chốn đi trước.
Put it where we can all see it.
IV. RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: (REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSE)

1. Sử dụng hiện tại phân từ “V-ing”: (Using present participial phrases)
- Khi mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ở thể chủ động, ta có thể dùng cụm hiện tại
phân từ (V-ing phrase) thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trợ động từ,
đưa động từ chính về nguyên mẫu rồi thêm “–ing”).
WHO
WHICH + V + …
V-ing + …
THAT
Ví dụ:
1. The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle.
 The man sitting to you is my uncle.
2. Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night?
 Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night?

[5]


- Khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ diễn đạt hành động hoặc sự việc có tính
thường xun, lâu dài.
Ví dụ: The road that joins the two villages is very narrow.
 The road joining the two villages is very narrow.
* Lưu ý:
+ Không dùng hiện tại phân từ để diễn tả hành động đơn trong quá khứ.
The police wanted to interview the people who saw the accident. √
NOT “The police wanted to interview the people who saw the accident.”
2. Sử dụng cụm quá khứ phân từ “V-ed3”: (Using past participial phrase)
- Khi mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ở thể bị động, ta có thể dùng cụm quá khứ phân
từ (V-ed3) để thay thế cho mệnh đề đó. (Bỏ đại từ quan hệ, trợ động từ và bắt
đầu cụm từ bằng past participle).
WHO

WHICH + BE+ V-ed3 + …
V-ed3 + …
THAT
Ví dụ:
1. The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.
 The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
2. The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy.
 The students punished by the teacher are lazy.
3. The house which is being built now belongs to Mr. Pike.
 The house built now belongs to Mr. Pike.
3. Sử dụng cụm từ nguyên mẫu “to + V”: (Using infinitive phrase)
- Khi mệnh đề quan hệ theo sau danh từ có bổ ngữ là “the first/second…”, sau
“the last/only” và đôi khi sau so sánh nhất ta có thể thay thế bằng cụm từ
nguyên mẫu.
Ví dụ:
1. He is the last man who left the ship.
 He is the last man to leave the ship.
2. The only one who understood that problem was M.r Pike.
 The only one to understand that problem was M.r Pike.
- Khi mệnh đề quan hệ là một mục đích, nhiệm vụ hoặc sự cho phép.
Ví dụ:
1. He has a lot of book that he can/must read.
 He has a lot of book to read.
2. He had something that he could/ had to do.
 He had something to do.

[6]


* Lưu ý:

+ Nếu chủ từ của 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm “for sb” trước “to V”.
We have some picture books that children can read.
 We have some picture books for children to read.
+ Nếu trước đại từ quan hệ có giới từ thì phải đặt giới từ đó xuống cuối câu.
We have a peg on which we can hang our coat.
 We have a peg to hang our coat on.
4. Sử dụng cụm danh từ: (Using noun phrases)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng xách định có cấu trúc “S + be + Noun” có thể được
rút gọn bằng cách dùng cụm danh từ.
Ví dụ:
1. George Washington, who was the first presidentof the United States,
was a general in the army.
 George Washington, the first presidentof the United States, was a
general in the army.
2. We visited Barcelona, which is a city in northern Spain.
 We visited Barcelona, a city in northern Spain.
*****
B. CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP
I. Dạng bài tập kết hợp câu sử dụng đại từ/ trạng từ quan hệ :
(Combine two sentences using relative pronouns)
Dạng này đề bài người ta cho 2 câu riêng biệt và yêu cầu dùng đại từ quan
hệ nối chúng lại với nhau.
Các bước làm dạng này như sau:
Bước 1 : Xác định câu nào sẽ là mệnh đề chính, câu nào là mệnh đề phụ.
Bước 2 : Xác định cặp từ trong hai câu có nghĩa tương đồng.
Bước 3 : Xác định chức năng của từ trùng trong mệnh đề phụ.
Bước 4 : Thay thế từ trùng bằng một đại từ quan hệ tương ứng và đặt ở đầu
mệnh đề nếu là whose thì phải chuyển cả danh từ đứng sau đi kèm (Mệnh đề
phụ trở thành mệnh đề quan hệ).
Bước 5 : Viết mệnh đề quan hệ sau ngay danh từ có nghĩa tương đồng của mệnh

đề chính (tiền ngữ) và hoàn thành câu.
Chú ý:
- Nếu tiền ngữ là danh từ xác định thì phải dùng mệnh đề khơng xác định tức là
phải dùng dấu phẩy.
- Nếu “whom” và “which” là tân ngữ của giới từ thì có thể chuyển giới từ ra
trước “whom” và “which”.
[7]


Ví dụ:
The girl is very pretty. She lives oppsite my house.
B1: “The girl is very pretty” mệnh đề chính;
“She lives oppsite my house” mệnh đề phụ.
B2: “The girl” và “she” là hai cặp từ tương đồng.
B3: “She” giữ chức năng là chủ ngữ.
B4: “She” được thay thế bằng who và ta có mệnh đề quan hệ “who lives
opposite my house”.
B5: Chuyển mệnh đề quan hệ ra sau tiền ngữ và hoàn thành câu.
 The girl who lives opposite my house is very pretty.
II. Dạng bài tập rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ: (Reduced relative clauses)
Yêu cầu học sinh lần lượt làm theo các bước sau:
Bước 1: Xác định mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề thường bắt đầu bằng “who,
which, that”.
Bước 2: Bước này chủ yếu là giảm từ mệnh đề xuống cụm từ, tuy nhiên cách suy
luận cũng phải theo thứ tự nếu không sẽ làm sai.
- Nếu mệnh đề có cơng thức “S + BE + Noun/ Noun phrase” thì rút gọn thành
danh từ.
- Nếu trước “who which…” có các dấu hiệu “first, only …” thì rút gọn thành
“to infinitive”, lưu ý thêm xem 2 chủ từ có khác nhau không (để dùng “for sb”)
hoặc mệnh quan hệ mà diễn tả mục đích hay nhiệm vụ cũng rút gọn thành “to

infinitive.”
- Nếu mệnh đề đó chủ động thì rút gọn thành “V-ing”. Mệnh đề bị động thì rút
gọn thành “V-ed3”.
Ví dụ: 1. This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday.
 This is the first man to be arrested by police yesterday.
2. Here is the form that you must fill in.
 Here is the form for you to fill in.
III. Dạng bài tập điền đại từ quan hệ thích hợp vào chỗ trống:
(Fill in the blank with an appropriate pronoun/ adverb)
Yêu cầu học sinh lần lượt làm theo các bước sau:
Bước 1: Xác định tiền ngữ là người hay vật …
Bước 2: Xác định chức năng của đại từ quan hệ: làm chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ,…
Bước 3: Chọn đại từ quan hệ thích hợp điền vào .
Ví dụ: 1. This is Mr.Pike...........teaches us English.
→ that
[8]


2. The woman...........keeps this library is Mrs Thu.
→ who/that
3. The man............daughter I always go to school with is a good doctor.
→ whose
4. This is the school in ..............my father used to teach.
→ which
5. The house..............she bought last year is very nice.
→ which/ that
IV. Dạng bài tập trắc nghiệm: (Multiple-choice exercise)
Với dạng bài tập này thì tùy theo các hình thức trắc nghiệm mà vận dụng
như các phương pháp ở trên.
- Chọn phương án trả lời đúng (Choose the best answer).

1. Dr Seuss, _____ was Theodor Seuss Geisel, wrote and illustrated delightfully
humorous books for children.
A. his real name
B. who had as his real name
C. with his real name
D. whose real name
2. We should participate in the movement ______ to conserve the natural
environment.
A. organized
B. to organize
C. organizing
C. organize
- Nhận biết lỗi sai (Choose the word or phrase that needs correcting)
1. Baseball is the only sport in which I am interested in.
A
B
C
D
2. Most of the classmates whose he invited to the birthday party couldn’t come.
A
B
C
D
*****
C. PHẦN BÀI TẬP
Exercise 1. Rewrite each of the sentences so that the meaning stays the same
1. A man phoned and asked for yọu. He spoke with a foreign accent.
→ The man ............................................................................................
2. The Night Manager was written by John Le Carre. It's about a man who
works in a hotel.

→ John Le Carre ......................................................................................
3. Our party believes in that idea. I say this from the bottom of my heart.
→ That is an idea .....................................................................................
4. Atlanta is a city. The Olympic Games were held in Atlanta.
→ Atlanta ..............................................................................................
[9]


5. Both her sons work abroad. They ring her up every week.
→ Her sons, ………………………………………………………...........
6. I told you about a persọn. She is at the door.
→ The person …………………………………………………………….
7. Jack's car had broken down. He had to take a bus
→ Jack, ..................................................................................................
8. I bought a new computer. It cost me a lot of monẹy
→ The new.............................................................................................
9. This is the bạnk. We borrowed the money from it
→ This is the bank from ........................................................................
10. The village has around 200 people. The majority of them are farmers.
→ The village has ………………………………………………………
Exercise 2: Choose the most suitable word to complete each of the following
sentences.
1.
He is the man (that, who, whose) son got Nobel Prize last year.
2. Here’s the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about.
3. I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us.
4. Peter comes from Witney, (that, who, which) is near Oxford.
5. This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed.
6. Is this the person (whom, which, whose) you asked me about.
7. Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you?

8. That’s the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me.
9. The meal, (that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive.
10. We didn’t enjoy the play (that, who, whose) we went to see.
11. She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want.
12. Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll give it to you.
13. The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party.
14. I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking.
15. The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday.
Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences, using reduced relative clauses.
1. The child would be happier if he had someone that he could play with.
…………………………………………………………………………
2. She said that she hadn’t anyone to whom she could send cards.
…………………………………………………………………………
3. He is always the first who comes and the last who goes.
…………………………………………………………………………
[10]


4. Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon.
…………………………………………………………………………
5. Here are some accounts that you must check.
…………………………………………………………………………
6. He was the man who was saved in the fire .
…………………………………………………………………………
7. Anyone who doesn’t want to take part in the meeting must inform the board.
………………………………………………………………………………
8. The teacher who takes the responsibility for the class is Ms Lan.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. She’s just bought a handbag which was made of crocodile skin.
……………………………………………………………………………

10. I met a man who had been working in this factory for a long time.
……………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the
following sentences.
1. This is the place _________ I met my wife.
A. what
B. where
C. which
D. that
2. Simon is the man _________ Mary loves.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. A&C
3. My wife, _________ is a doctor, works at Community Hospital.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. that
4. Only one of the people _________ work in the company is qualified.
A. what
B. which
C. who
D. where
5. She is the one _________ I told you about.
A. what
B. which
C. whose
D. who
6. Those _________ had studied hard passed their exams.

A. what
B. which
C. who
D. whose
7. The magazine _________ you lent me is interesting.
A. what
B. which
C. whom
D. whose
8. The man _________ is resting is very tired.
A. what
B. which
C. whom
D. who
9. The boy _________ sat next to you is my friend.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. whose
10. We are using books _________ were printed last year.
A. what
B. who
C. which
D. whose
11. The painting _________ Ms. Wallace bought was very expensive.
[11]


A. whom
B. whose

C. which
D. where
12. Is Dr. Brown the person ______ you wish to speak to?
A. with whom
B. Ø
C. to that D. to whom
13. __________ is your favourite sport, swimming or running.
A. What
B. Which
C. Whom
D. Whose
14. Were the Wright brothers the ones __________built the first aeroplane?
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. that
15. I don't like stories________ have unhappy endings.
A. where
B. which
C. they
D. who
16. The periodic table contains all the elements, ________ has a particular
atomic weight and atomic number.
A. which of each B. each of which C. which each
D. each
17. Those towns ________ you were looking at in Gaul are small.
A. who
B. where
C. which
D. whom

18. Jan didn't check she had enough petrol before she left, ________ was
careless of her.
A. what
B. it
C. that
D. which
19. This is a town ________ many people live.
A. in which
B. which
C. at which
D. on which
20. She, ________ is your sister, lives far away.
A. which
B. who
C. whom
D. she
21. I see some girls ________ are pretty.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. they
22. Give back the money ________ you took.
A. it
B. who
C. whom
D. which
23. He was killed by a man ________ friends we know.
A. whose
B. which
C. whom

D. that
24. He spoke to the messengers with ________ you were leaving.
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. that
25. We captured a town ________ is in Spain.
A. whom
B. where
C. which
D. it
26. The farmers ________ we saw were in the field.
A. whose
B. which
C. they
D. whom
27. The women ________ I gave the money were glad.
A. to whom
B. to that
C. for whom
D. for that
28. I know a boy ________ name is John.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. that
29. The man ________ you sent to the general has reported the victory.
A. whose
B. which
C. whom

D. he
[12]


30. I saw those slaves ________ had been led to the city.
A. whose
B. which
C. whom

D. who

Exercise 5: Choose the word/phrase (A, B, C or D) that needs correction in
each of the sentences.
1. There are a number of people migrate into city centers for better job
opportunities.
A. are
B. number of
C. migrate
D. opportunities
2. The man to whom you have just talked to is the secretary of the manager.
A. The
B. to whom
C. is
D. the manager
3. Albert who his car was stolen last week has decided to buy a motorbike.
A. who his B. last week
C. has decided
D. a
4. The Island which we visited it was extremely beautiful.
A. which

B. we
C. it
D. extremely
5. Only one of the people whose work in the company is qualified enough for
the new manager position.
A. the people
B. whose
C. qualified enough
D. for
Exercise 6: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to combine the two
sentences.
1. We are talking about a girl. She used to be a Miss World.
A. The girl about whom we are talking used to be a Miss World.
B. We hardly know a girl who used to be a Miss World.
C. The girl who used to be a Miss World said that she knew you.
D. We know the girl who used to be a Miss World.
2. He told her about the book. He liked it best.
A. He told her about the book which he liked it best.
B. He told her about the book which he liked best.
C. He told her about the book whom he liked best.
D. He told her about the book whose he liked best.
3. The old man is working very hard. I borrowed his bicycle yesterday.
A. The old man is working very hard which I borrowed his bicycle yesterday.
B. The old man whom is working very hard I borrowed his bicycle yesterday.
C. The old man whom I borrowed his bicycle yesterday is working very hard.
D. The old man whose bicycle I borrowed yesterday is working very hard.
4. This is my opinion. You can do nothing to change it.
A. You can do nothing to change it my mind.
B. There’s nothing you can do to change my mind.
[13]

C. There’s nothing can be done except changing my mind.
D. You can do everything to change it my mind.
5. The man is my teacher. I am grateful to him.
A. The man whom I grateful to him is my teacher.
C. The man is my teacher who I am grateful.
B. The man whom I am grateful to is my teacher
D. The man to him I am grateful is my teacher.
6. Ngoc is friendly. We are talking about her.
A. Ngoc, we are talking about, is friendly.
C. Ngoc, about her we are talking, is friendly.
B. Ngoc, whom we are talking about is friendly
D. Ngoc, about whom we are talking, is friendly
7. That is the student. I borrowed his book last week.
A. That is the student I borrowed whose book last week.
C. That is the student, whose book I borrowed last week
B. The student whose book I borrowed that is.
D. That is the student whose book I borrowed last week
8. Most of the classmates couldn't come. He invited them to the birthday
party
A. Most of the classmates he invited to the birthday party couldn't come.
B. Most of the classmates he was invited to the birthday party couldn't come.
C. Most of the classmates that he invited them to the birthday party couldn't
come.
D. Most of the classmates which he invited to the birthday party couldn't
come.
9. What was the name of the man? You talked to him this morning.
A. What was the name of the man who you talked to him this morning?
B. What was the name of the man you talked to this morning?

C. What was the name of the man you talked to whom this morning?
D. What was the name of the man whose you talked to this morning?
10. The church is over 500 years old. Our class visited it last summer.
A. The church which our class visited it last summer is over 500 years old.
B. The church that our class visited it last summer is over 500 years old.
C. The church which our class visited last summer is over 500 years old.
D. The church our class visit last summer is over 500 years old.
*****

ĐÁP ÁN (KEYS)
Exercise 1. Rewrite each of the sentences so that the meaning stays the same
[14]


1.
2.

The man who spoke with a foreign accent phoned and asked for yọu
John Le Carre wrote the Night Manager, which is about a man who works
in a hotel.
3. - That is an idea in which our party believes, which is said from the
bottom of my heart.
- That is an idea which/ that our party believes in, which is said from the
bottom of my heart .
4. - Atlanta is a city which The Olympic Games were held in
- Atlanta is a city where/ in which The Olympic Games were held .
5. - Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week..
- Her sons, who both work abroad, ring her up every week..
6. - The person who I told you about is at the door.
- The person about whom I told you is at the door.

7. Jack, whose car had broken down, had to take a bus
8. The new computer which I bought cost me a lot of monẹy
9. This is the bank from which we borrowed the money.
10. The village has around 200 people, the majority of whom are farmers.
Exercise 2: Choose the most suitable word to complete each of the following
sentences.
1. whose
6. whom
10. that
2. that
7. which
11. that
3. that
8. whose
12. what
4. which
9. which
13. why
5. which
14. who
15. when
Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences, using reduced relative clauses.
1. The child would be happier if he had someone to play with.
2. She said that she hadn’t anyone to send cards to.
3. He is always the first to come and the last to go.
4. Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon.
5. Here are some accounts for you to check.
6. He was the man saved in the fire .
7. Anyone not wanting to take part in the meeting must inform the board.
8. The teacher taking the responsibility for the class is Ms Lan.

9. She’s just bought a handbag made of crocodile skin.
10. I met a man working in this factory for a long time.
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the
following sentences.
[15]


1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. D
9. A
10. C

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

C

B
B
D
B
B
C
D
A.
B.

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.

C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C

D

Exercise 5: Choose the word/phrase (A, B, C or D) that needs correction in
each of the sentences.
1. C  migrating/ who migrate
2. B  whom
3. A  whose
4. C  it
5. B  who
Exercise 6: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to combine the two
sentences.
1. A
6. B
2. B
7. D
3. D
8. A
4. B
9. B
5. B
10. C
*****
Vĩnh Tường, ngày 5 tháng 3 năm 2014
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