910.76
T527T
BAN
TO CHLTC
Kl
TUYEN TAP
[Ha N o
NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI
THI
BAN TO C H U C
Kl T H I
TUYEN TAP,
NAM
fj
CE)G
Ha N o i
DE THI
NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOt^D^DIA HA NOI
Ki thi Olympic 30 thang 4 do S6 Giao due va Dao tao, Tradng Trung hoc
pho thong Chuyen Le Hong Phong Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh to chufc da
diln ra duoc 19 ki (1995 - 2013). Ki thi da nhan di/dc sU tin cay va hdp
tac cua cac tracing Trung hoc pho thong chuyen 6 cac tinh phi'a Nam
cung nhu cac trudng Trung hpc pho thong cua Thanh pho Ho Chf Minh.
Nham giup giao vien c6 them tai lieu tham khao trong viec boi
duSng, ren luyen nang khieu cho hpc sinh gioi va giup cac em hpc sinh
CO tai iieu tu nang cao kien thufc, trong nhOfng nam qua. Ban To chC/c ki thi
da phoi hpp v6i Nha xuat ban Giao due va Nha xuat ban Dai hpc Stf Pham
xuat ban bp sach Tuyen tap de thi Olympic 30 thang 4" hang nam.
Bp sach da dUdc su ung hp cua cac thay giao, c6 giao va cac em hpc sinh.
De nang cao chat lapng cua bp sach, nam hpc 2014, cac giao vien
cua Trudng Trung hpc pho thong Chuyen Le Hong Phong Thanh pho
Ho Chi Minh da tuyen chpn cac de thi chinh thijfc va cac de thi de nghj
cua cac tru6ng tham gia 19 ki thi Olympic vC/a qua thanh bp "Tuyen tap
20 nam de thi Olympic 30 thang 4". Bp sach nay gom 15 cuon lien
quan den 8 mon hpc: Toan, Vat If, Hoa hpc, Sinh hpc. Van hpc, Ljch sCf,
Dia If, Tieng Anh.
Gidi thieu bp sach nay, chung toi ton trpng npi dung, ket cau va dap
an hoac hudng dSn giai cua cac trudng de nghj.
Chung toi mong nhan dUdc siJ dong gop cua quy thay c6 va cac em
hpc sinh de bp sach se hoan chinh hdn, cho Ian tai ban sau.
T M . B A N T O CHLfC K I T H I
H I E U TRUCJNG
TRI/CJNG T H P T C H U Y E N L E H O N G PHONG, TP. H O C H I M I N H
VO ANH DUNG
3
•HAN I:
C A C D E THI CHINH THU^C
A. D E THI
DE THI NAM 1998
Cau 1:
Hiep hoi cac nUdc Dong Nam A (ASEAN).
a) Trinh bay s\l thanh lap va muc tieu cua Hiep hoi Cac niidfc Dong
Nam A (ASEAN).
b) Cho biet nhiJng diem giong nhau ve mat lich suf va dia l i cua cac
nifdrc thanh vien trong khoi.
c) Neu nhCJng thuan Itfi va thach thufc dat ra doi vdi
nLfdrc
ta k h i gia
nhap ASEAN.
Cau 2:
a) Qud trinh hien dai ho^ cong nghiep va nong nghiep cua Trung
Qudc dien ra nhii the nao? Ket qua ra sao?
b) Viet Nam c6 the rut ra bai hoc gi cho minh sau th^nh cong cua
Trung Quoc?
Cau 3:
"Van de Quoc te hoa toan cau va khu viTc la mot trong nhuTng xu hiTdng
quan trong cua s\i phat trien kinh te - xa hoi the gidri ngay nay".
a) Hay chufng minh nhan dinh tren.
b) Phan tich nhCfng ccf h6i mdi cua Viet Nam triTdrc ngifSng cufa cua
nhuCng nam 2000.
Cau 4:
a) Hay ve bieu do ccf cau lao dong theo nganh va t i le dong gop cua
cac nganh trong GDP cua Hoa K i theo bang so lieu sau day:
5
Nam
1992
Cd cau lao dpng
(Ban vi: %)
T i I f dong gop trong G D P
Dich vu: 75,5
Dich vu: 72,5
Cong nghiep: 22,5
Cong nghiep: 24,5
Nong nghiep: 2,0
Nong nghiep: 3,0
b) Rut ra cac nhan xet qua bieu do tren.
C a u 5:
a) Dien vao cac diem cham tren lirgfc do Hoa K i ten cac th^nh pho.
b) Difa vao li/grc do, em hay t r i n h bay cau true dia hinh cua Hoa K i .
L t f d C DO T U N H I E N HOA K I
Dong bang
Cao nguyen
Niii
DETHINAM1999
C a u 1:
Phan tich nhiJng yeu to ccf ban da giiip Nhat Ban khoi phuc nen
kinh te ttf dong tro tan do nat sau Chien tranh the gidfi thuT H de trd
thanh mot sieu ci/dng kinh te ciia the gidi.
6
Cau 2:
"Xu hiidrng quoc te hoa nen k i n h te the gidi 1^ dong lUc de phat
trien k i n h te - xa h o i cua the gidi h i e n nay".
a) Giai t h i c h the nao la xu hirdrng qudc te hoa?
b) NhuTng bieu h i e n cua xu hiTdng nay?
c) L i e n he thifc te V i e t N a m (neu cac v i du cu the).
C a u 3:
T r i n h bay ve sir t h a y doi k h o n g gian san xuat cua cong nghiep va
nong nghiep Hoa K i . Nguyen n h a n cua sii t h a y doi do.
C a u 4:
Dtfa vao ccf cau G N P dLfdi day cua Hoa K i va A n Do (So lieu n a m
1995), hay ve bieu do va r u t r a n h a n xet.
GNP
Nong
Cong
Dich vu
(ti U S D )
n g h i e p (%)
n g h i e p (%)
(%)
Hoam
6982
2,1
25,6
72,3
A n Do
311,5
33,0
27,0
40,0
Quoc gia
C a u 5:
L L f d C DO T U N H I E N
PHAP
a) Qua lifcfc do ni/drc Phap, hay xdc dinh ten cdc ntfdc va cac vung
bien ma Phap tiep giap (theo cac k i hieu so 1, 2, 3, ...).
b) Hay ghi ten cac con song (theo k i hieu I , H , H I , ... ).
c) Hay t r i n h bay sd li/dc cau true dia hinh cua Phap (theo k i hieu
chijf cai A, B, C, ...).
d) Hay cho biet ngfin gon nhiJng yeu to nao la the manh cua vung
kinh te doc thung lung song Ron cua Phap?
e) Chieu hifdng di chuyen cua dan ctr Phap tCf thanh pho ra viing
ngoai 6 la do nhufng nguyen nhan n^o?
DE THI NAM 2000
C a u 1:
Quo'c te hoa toan cau va khu
V L T C
la mot trong nhOfng xu htfdng quan
trong nhat cua sir phat trien kinh te - xa hoi hien nay.
Em hay cho biet:
a) Nguyen nhan va bieu hien cua quoc te hoa?
b) Anh htfofng cua quoc te hoa doi vdi cong cuoc doi mdi va xay
difng nen k i n h te d nUdc ta?
c) Viet Nam da va se lam gi de tham gia vao xu hiTdng quoc te hoa
hifin nay?
C a u 2:
a) SiJ thanh cong ve kinh te cua cac nifdc cong nghiep mdi chau A
do nhijtng nhan to nao?
b) Bai hoc kinh nghiem doi vdi ni/dc ta tii sii thanh cong n^y?
C a u 3:
a) Lien ket khu viTc mang lai nhijCng Idi ich kinh te gi?
b) Cho vi du khdi NAFTA.
C a u 4:
Diia vao bang so lieu sau day, hay ve bieu do the hien t i le so ngiM c6
viec lam so vori lut liidng lao dong cua moi quoc gia v^ neu nhan xet.
8
L i f e Itfofng l a o d p n g - S o ngtfofi thsi't n g h i ^ p n S m 1995
Nifdc
Lvfc Ivtdng l a o d p n g S o ngifofi t h a t n g h i # p
In-do-ne-xi-a
86,36
6,25
Ma-lai-xi-a
8,40
0,22
Mi-an-ma
20,49
2,90
Phi-lip-pin
23,00
6,33
Thai Lan
33,00
0,42
Xin-ga-po
1,75
0,05
C a u 5:
Ll/aC DO NHAT BAN
9
a) Qua \Mc do Nhat Ban, em hay xdc dinh ten cua cac trung tam
cong nghiep dong tau ndi tieng.
b) Hay xac dinh ten va vi t r i cua hai th^nh pho of Nhat Ban da bi
tham hoa cua bom nguyen tijf dau tien tren the gidri.
c) Hay ghi lai chufc nfing kinh te cua cac thanh pho cong nghiep c6
tren li/tfc do thuoc dao H6n-su.
D E T H I N A M 2001
C a u 1:
Tai sao ngi/ofi ta cho rang: "Hien nay cac ni/drc phat trien da giau
lai cang giau them, con c^c nifdrc dang phat trien da ngheo lai cang
ngheo hon?
C a u 2:
a) Ve bieu do mien the hien SLT thay doi ccf cau tdng san pham
trong ni/drc cua Viet Nam thcfi k i 1985 - 1997.
(Bern vi: %)
32,5
Dich vu
27,3
Cong nghi$p va xay dijfng
40,2
Nong, lam, thuy san
1985
Nam
1989
42,1
22,9
35,0
1991
1993
40,5
29,9
28,9
23,8
41,2
35,7
1995
28,4
30,0
41,6
1996
27,2
30,7
42,1
1997
26,2
31,2
42,6
b) Nhan xet va giai thich sii thay doi do.
C a u 3:
Trinh bay qua t r i n h phat trien kinh te cua Hoa K i tCf nam 1782
den nay (neu dac diem, nguyen nhan cua tiftig giai doan). Phan tlch
nguyen nhan cua giai doan tuf nam 1990 den nay.
C a u 4:
Neu ten cac dap khu kinh te cua Trung Qudc. Vai tro cua cac dac
khu kinh te cua Trung Qudc? Co the rut dLfgfc kinh nghiem gi cho n\Xdc
ta tCr cong cuoc hien dai hoa ciia Trung Qudc?
10
DE THI NAM 2002
C a u 1: T H I / C
H A N H
a) The hien tren bieu do t i le gia tSng dan so tii nhien cua Viet
Nam thong qua t i suat sinh va t i suat tuf qua cac nam:
(Dcm vi: %c)
Nam
1945
1960
1965
1970
1979
1980
1985
1990
1995
1996
T i suat sinh
40,0
46,0
37,8
34,6
32,5
31,7
28,4
29,9
23,9
22,8
T i suat tvC
25,0
12,0
6,7
6,6
6,3
7,0
6,9
8,0
3,9
1,9
b) Qua bieu do, em hay n i t ra nhan xet va giai thich.
C a u 2:
Difa vao \\iac do Nhat Ban:
Ll/aC DO N I I A T B A N
a) Em hay neu ten cac thanh pho tCf so 1 den so 8.
b) Hay nhan xet va giai thich v i sao c6 sii phan bo d6?
11
C a u 3:
V i e t N a m tri/dfc
ngLfSng
cufa cua the k i X X I , em hay t r i n h b^y:
a) Boi canh quoc te va k h u vi/c.
b) NhOrng t h u a n Itfi, kho khSn cua V i e t N a m t r e n dildng hoi nhap.
c) Nhufng v a n de V i e t N a m can lou y k h i t h a m gia xu the toan cau
hod thi/cfng m a i .
C a u 4:
a) TCf 1949 den 1978, theo em nhCtag nguyen n h a n nao da l a m cho
nen k i n h te T r u n g Quoc cham phAt trien?
b) T r u n g Quoc da ap dung nhflCng bien phdp gi de t i e n h a n h hien
dai hoa n g a n h cong nghiep va nong nghiep dat nifdc.
c) V i e t N a m da r u t r a nhufng bai hoc gi qua chifcfng t r i n h cai c6ch
do cua T r u n g Quoc?
DE THI NAM 2004
C a u 1:
a) O chau A , nhiJng nifdc nao thuoc nUdc cong nghiep m6i (NIC)?
b) Cdc nxidc N I C c6 qud t r i n h phat t r i e n k i n h te giong nhau d
nhiJng d i e m nao?
c) Sir t h a n h cong cua cac nUdc N I C do nhOiig n h a n to nao?
d) V i e t N a m c6 the r u t r a nhiJng bai hoc g i tCf cac niidc NIC?
C a u 2:
Diia vao "T^p ban do tM gicri vd cdc chdu luc" cung cac k i e n thufc
da hoc, em h a y cho biet n e n cong nghiep Hoa K i phat t r i e n dua t r e n
nhCftig nguon life nao?
C a u 3:
Cho bang so l i e u ve t i le s i n h , t i le tijf cua T h a i L a n nhif sau:
Nam
1970-1975
10,5
T i 1^ tTjf
39, 6
T i 1# s i n h
1980
1980-
31,4
1985
28,0
8,4
8,0
1996
20,0
6,0
12
a) H a y t i n h v a v e b i e u do t i le g i a t a n g d a n so tiT n h i e n cua T h 6 i L a n .
b ) DiSa t r e n b i e u d o v a k i e n thufc d a hoc, t r i n h b a y nhOfng m a t t i e n
bo v a t o n t a i cua t i n h h i n h x a h o i T h a i L a n .
Cau4:
a) H a y t r i n h b a y n g u o n life t\i n h i e n v a x a h o i a n h h i f d n g d e n stf
p h a t t r i e n n g a n h d u l i c h c u a cac nifdc: V i e t N a m , T r u n g Quoc, T h d i
L a n (moi nguon liic cho m o t v a i v i du t i e u bieu).
b) N a m 2003 - 2 0 0 4 t i n h h i n h k h u viTc c6 nhCftig d i l n b i e n g i g a y a n h
hirdng t i e u cUc d e n siT p h a t t r i e n n g ^ n h d u l i c h cua b a nUdc n o i t r e n .
DE THI NAM 2007
C a u 1.
Dura v a o h i n h v e d\X6i d a y v a k i e n thiJc d a hoc, h a y cho b i e t :
CAC
NUdc
PHAT
CAC
TRI^N
•1m
uaOC
DANG PHAT TRI^N
^
1 nan
San xu5l c6ng nghi6p
• i _ _ J
Ti6u
•I
1
^
Thai C a (khi nhS kinh)
1
Sir dung go
H _ J
•;
100
I
80
I
60
1
40
1
20
thu nSng ludng
Rac thai gia dinh
1
1
0
20
S\i k h a c b i ^ t g i i f a c a c nvtdc
I
1
40
60
phat
trien
1
80
%
1•
100
v a c a c nvCdc d a n g p h a t t r i e n t r o n g s a n x u a t v a t i e u t h u
a) M o t t r o n g n h i J n g v a n d e x a h o i m a n g t i n h c a p t h i e t , c a n g i a i
q u y e t cua tCfng n h o m cac niXdc h i e n n a y l a v a n de g i ? T a i sao?
b) HLfdrng g i a i q u y e t cua cac v a n de do n h i f t h e nao?
C a u 2.
H a y p h a n t i c h n h i J n g t i e m n a n g v e tiS n h i e n v a d a n cU d e p h d t
t r i e n k i n h t e - x a h o i cua cac nirdc D o n g N a m A .
C a u 3.
Bdng
nhUng
kien
thiic
dd hoc, hay cho
biet:
a) V i sao A n D o t i e n h a n h cuoc " C a c h m a n g
Xanh"?
b) N o i d u n g , k e t qua v a nhijCng h a n che cua cuoc " C a c h m a n g X a n h " .
13
C a u 4. (5,0
diem)
D i i a vao b a n g so l i e u ve x u a t n h a p k h a u qua cac n a m (Ekm vi: ti
42, 90
Nh^p k h a u
6 2 , 09
30, 94
Xuat khau
Nam
1990
1986
5 3 , 34
1995
148, 78
132, 08
1998
183, 75
140, 17
1999
194, 94
1 6 5 , 72
dola).
2006
960, 0
810, 0
a) V e b i e u do t h i c h h t f p n h a t t h e h i e n sif c h u y e n d i c h ccf cau x u a t
n h a p k h a u cua T r u n g Quoc tCr 1986 -
2006.
b) N h a n x e t ve s\i c h u y e n b i e n co cau v e x u a t n h a p k h a u cua T r u n g
Quoc qua cac n a m v a n e u cac n g u y e n n h a n d a n d e n sir t h a y doi do?
DE THI NAM 2008
C a u 1:
a) T r i n h b a y n g u y e n n h a n v a h i e n t r a n g cua sir b i e n d o i k h i h a u
t o a n cau v a suy g i a m t a n g ozon?
b) T a i sao sU b i e n d o i k h i h a u t o a n cau l a m o t t r o n g nhijCng v a n de
m a n g t i n h cap b a c h n h a t h i e n n a y ?
c) G i a i t h i c h cau n o i : " T r o n g bao ve m o i t r i / ofn g c a n p h a i t i i d u y
t o a n cau , h a n h d o n g d i a phiTOng".
cau
2:
a) N e u dac d i e m n o i b a t v e t u n h i e n v ^ x a h o i cua cac mJorc T a y
Nam
A?
b ) N g u y e n n h a n d a n d e n nhuTng b a t o n ve c h i n h t r i -
xa hoi
cua
T a y N a m A v a a n h htrorng cua v a n de n a y d e n n e n k i n h t e t h e g i d i ?
C a u 3:
D i f a v a o 2 b a n g so l i e u sau:
Bang
1: M o t so c h i so ccf b a n cua cac t r u n g t a m k i n h t e h a n g d a u
t h e gi(5i.
Ch? so
So dan (trieu ngUdi - nSm 2005)
GDP (ti U S D - n a m 2004)
Ti trong xuat khau trong GDP
7,0
26,5
4623,4
11667,5
12690,5
127,7
296,5
459,7
Hoa Kl
EU
Nh|it Bdn
12,2
(% - nam 2004)
T I trong cua EU trong xuat khau cua the
37,7
9,0
6,25
gidi (% - nam 2004)
14
Bang 2: V a i t r o cua E U t r e n the gidri (2004)
(Dan vi: %)
Lmh vUc
EU
The gidi
Dan so
7,1
ICQ
Dien tich
2,2
100
Tieu thu nang ludng cua the gidi
19,0
100
Trong vien trd phat trien the gidi
59
100
; - 26
100
San xuat 6 to
a) Chufng m i n h E U l a mot t r u n g t a m k i n h te h a n g dau the gidi?
b) Cho biet k h a nSng hdp tAc cua V i e t N a m v d i E U ? Se k h a i thac
hieu qua t h i t r i i d n g nay, V i e t N a m can chu y nhCMg v a n de gi?
Cau 4:
a) Dieu k i e n t i i n h i e n cua phan l a n h tho p h i a t a y Hoa K i va p h i a
tay T r u n g Quoc gidng nhau d nhuTng dac diem nao? Viec k h a i thac
phan l a n h tho nay cua h a i nifdc r a sao?
b) T r i n h bay bien phap
ket qua hien dai hoa nong nghiep cua
Trung Quoc?
C a u 5:
Cho bang so lieu difdi day: Gia t r i xuat k h a u va nhap k h a u cua Hoa
K i giai doan 1995-2004
(Bern vi: trieu USD)
Nam
1995
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2004
Xuat khau
584.743
688,697
382.138
702.098
781.125
730.803
818.500
Nhap khau 770.852
899.020
944.353 1.059.435 1.259.297 1.179.177 1.525.700
a) V Q bieu do t h i c h hdp n h a t the h i e n cor cau xuat, nhap k h a u cua
Hoa m giai doan 1995 - 2004.
b) T i n h can can xuat, nhap khau cua Hoa K i qua cac n a m .
c) N h a n xet cot cau xuat nhap khau cua Hoa K i giai doan 1995-2004.
Giai t h i c h t a i sao Hoa K i la nifdc luon nhap sieu nhufng nen k i n h te
vSn phat t r i e n m a n h n h a t the g i d i .
* Litu y: Thi sink khong
dxipc siC dung cac loqd
Atlai.
15
DE THI NAM 2009
C a u 1:
Ttf cac b a n g so' lieu sau:
Bang
1: T i t r o n g va ccf cau GDP cua 2 n h o m nxidc, n a m 2004.
(Dan vi: %)
Nhom nUdc
Tl trpng
Cci cau GDP
32,0
25,0
27,0
2,0
85,0
Khu vi/c II
Khu vi/c 1
GDP
15,0
Dang phat trien
Phat trien
Khu vi/c III
. 71,0
43,0
Bang 2: Tudi tho t r u n g b i n h va chi so H D I cua t h e gidi
va 2 n h o m n\i6c.
The gidi va 2 nhom nUdc
Tudi thQ trung binh (tudi)
HDI
0,694
65
Nhom nLfdc dang phat trien
0,855
76
Nhom niidc phat trien
0,741
67
The gicfi
nam 2003
nam 2005
H a y r u t r a n h a n xet ve siT tiicfng phan mot so c h i tieu k i n h te - xa
hoi cua n h o m nifdrc p h a t t r i e n va n h o m ni/dc dang phat t r i e n .
C a u 2:
a. T r i n h bay n h i l n g bieu h i e n cua toan cau hoa.
b. V i e t N a m c6 nhuTng thcfi cd va t h a c h thuTc nao t r o n g xu hudng
toan cau hoa?
c. N h C n g n g a y cuo'i t h a n g 3 n a m 2009, m o t siJ k i e n ve t a i
nguyen v a m o i trtfcfng m a n g t i n h t o a n cau nao m a V i e t N a m da
t h a m gia?
C a u 3:
a. T r i n h bay nhiJng dac diem chu yeu cua nen nong nghiep Hoa K l .
b. Ccf cau n g a n h va ccf cau l a n h tho cong nghiep cua Hoa K i c6 s\X
chuyen dich nhiJ t h e nao?
16
Cau
4:
a. P h a n t i c h nhC?ng t h u a n Itfi v a k h o k h S n v e m a t t i i n h i e n
cua
m i e n D o n g T r u n g Quoc d o i v d i s\i p h d t t r i e n k i n h t e .
b . N e u t e n 4 t h a n h p h o t r U c t h u o c t r u n g Lftfng
h a i dSc k h u h a n h
c h i n h cua T r u n g Quoc.
c. T r i n h b a y q u a t r i n h c o n g n g h i e p h 6 a cua T r u n g Quoc.
Cau 5:
C h o b a n g so H e u : G i d t r i G D P p h a n t h e o n g a n h k i n h t e cua H o a K i
v a T r u n g Quoc, n a m 2 0 0 4
(Banrvi:
Ni/dc
Nong-lam-ngi/
C o n g nghi$p -
nghi#p
xay di/ng
ti
USD)
D j c h VM
Hoa Kl
105,0
2.298,5
9.264,0
T r u n g Qu6'c
239,1
839,5
570,7
a. V e b i e u do t h i c h hcfp so s a n h ccf cau G D P p h a n t h e o n g a n h k i n h t e
cua H o a Ka v a T r u n g Quoc, n S m 2 0 0 4 .
b . TCr b i e u do d a v e , n e u n h a n x e t v a g i a i t h i c h .
Litu
y: Hgc
sinh
khong
sit dung
Atlat
DETHI NAM 2010
Caul.
H i e n n a y v a n de m o i trtfcfng d a n g duac ca t h e g i d i q u a n t a m .
1. E m h a y t r i n h b a y nhuCng b i e u h i e n c h u n g cua h i e n tifgfng b i e n
d o i k h i h a u t o a n cau. N e u n g u y e n n h a n cua cac b i e u h i e n do.
2. T r o n g n a m 2 0 0 9 , L i e n H t f p Quoc d a t o chuTc h o i n g h i g i I d n l i e n
q u a n d e n v a n de m o i tri/cfng? H o i n g h i do d i i n r a or dau?
3. N e u nhOfng b i e u h i e n cu t h e cua v a n de b i e n d o i k h i h a u t o a n cau
d Viet Nam.
Cau
2.
1. T h e o e m , m u c d l c h cua V i e t N a m k h i g i a n h a p A S E A N l a gi?'
2. T t f k h i g i a n h a p A S E A N , V i e t - t J g i n j d a c6 nhCftig d o n g g o p g i cho
sir p h a t t r i e n c i i a t o chuTc n a y ?
/ T!}'J
/
I'/CAJ
T - ' ^ ^
^ — "
S/NH
—
JH^jS^l
3. E m h a y cho biet h a n h l a n g k i n h te Dong - T a y cua Dong N a m A
d i qua bo'n nifdfc nao? Neu y nghia cua tuyen h a n h lang k i n h te nay?
C a u 3.
1. E m h a y neu nhufng thach thufc mang t i n h t o ^ n cau m a hien nay
n h a n loai dang p h a i doi m a t .
2. E m h a y t r i n h bay nhCJng t h u a n Igri va k h o k h a n cua Viet N a m
t r e n diiorng h o i nhap quoc t e .
C a u 4.
1. T r i n h bay nhufng hieu biet cua em ve moi quan he hcfp tac giufa Viet
N a m va E U .
2. Cho bang so lieu sau:
MQt so c h i so cd b a n c u a E U v a H o a K i
C h i so'
D a n so (trieu ngUcd - ndm 2005)
GDP (ti USD - ndm
2004)
T i t r o n g xuat k h a u t r o n g GDP (%
ndm
-
2004)
T i t r o n g cua E U va Hoa E J t r o n g xuat
khau cua t h e gidri (% ~ ndm 2004)
296,5
459,7
HoaKi
EU
12.690, 5
26,5
37,7
11.667,5
7,0
9,0
E m h a y p h a n t i c h b a n g so lieu t r e n de r u t r a k e t luan ve v i the cua
E U t r e n tri/cfng quoc te.
Cau 5
Cho b a n g so l i e u :
T i n h h i n h n g o a i thufcfng c u a H o a K i q u a c a c n&m
(Dan vi: ti USD)
Nam
Tong kim ngach
Can can
1.908,3
2001
- 477,4
2.041,2
2000
- 186,2
1.355,6
1995
x u a t nh|ip k h a u
x u a t nh|ip k h a u
- 450,1
18
2002
1.893,9
-
507,1
2003
2.027,9
- 578,3
2004
2.324,2
- 687,2
1. T i n h gid t r i xuat khau va gia t r i nhap khau cua Hoa K i qua cac nam.
2. Ve bieu do t h i c h hcfp the h i e n gia t r i xuat k h a u , gid t r i nhap
khau va can can xuat nhap khau cua Hoa K i thori k i 1995 - 2004.
3. N h a n xet ve cd cau xuat nhap khau cua Hoa K i .
D E THI NAM
2011
Cau 1
a) Toan cau hoa l a gi? T r i n h bay cac bieu h i e n chu yeu cua toan cau
hoa k i n h te.
b) ChuCng m i n h rkng Viet N a m da nang cao v i the cua m i n h tren tnicfng
quoc te va khu vifc bang cac sir kien trong hai nam 2009 va 2010.
Cau 2
Di/di ap
ILTC
ngay cang Idn cua sii gia t a n g dan so va sxi t a n g trLforng
hoat dong k i n h te, moi triforng toan cau ngay cang 6 n h i l m va suy
thoai. Bang nhCfng hieu biet thifc te hay:
a) Neu 10 t h a m hoa ve moi trifdng dang de doa n h a n loai.
b) V i e t N a m gap nhOfng kho k h a n gi ve k i n h te - xa h o i k h i g i a i
quyet van de moi trLfdng?
Cau 3
L i e n m i n h chau A u (EU) 1^ Hen m i n h k h u vifc I d n vk dien h i n h
nhat t r e n the gidi h i e n nay.
a) Hay phan t i c h noi dung va l o i ich cua viec t h a n h lap t h i tri/cfng
chung chau A u .
b) Ke t e n 13 ni/dc suf dung dong t i e n chung d - r o . Y n g h i a cua viec
suf dung dong t i e n chung d - r o (Euro).
Cau 4
a) V i sao T r u n g Quoc xem h i e n dai hoa t r o n g cong nghiep l a n h i e m
vu hang dau?
b) T r u n g Quoc da thac h i e n cong cuoc h i e n dai hoa cong nghiep nhxi
the nao?
19
c) Viet Nam n i t ra hki hoc gi tCf qua t r i n h hi§n dai h6a cong nghigp
cua Trung Quoc?
Cau 5
Cho bang so lieu sau:
G i a tri cac nganh k i n h te trong G D P cua Hoa K i
giai doan 1960 - 2006
(Dm vi: ti USD)
2.553,3
112,1
2006
9264,0
2.298,5
105,0
2004
5.562,1
2.115,2
156,7
1997
326,8
178,5
21,1
1960
Dich v u
Cong nghiep
Nong nghiep
Nam
9.789,6
a) Ve bieu do the hien sir thay ddi ca cau cac nganh kinh te trong
GDP cua Hoa K i giai doan 1960 - 2006.
b) Qua do nhan xet va danh gia vai tro cua cac nganh kinh te trong
ca cau GDP cua Hoa K i .
' D E T H I NAM 2012
C a u 1:
a. Cuoc each mang khoa hoc va cong nghe hien dai tac dong nhiT
the nao den sU phat trien cua nen kinh te the gidfi?
b. T r i n h bay khai niem ve nen kinh te t r i thufc va hirdrng phat
trien ciia nen kinh te t r i thufc of ntfdfc ta trong tiicfng lai.
C a u 2:
a. Tai sao Tay Nam A va Trung A diTOc coi la diem nong cua the gidri?
b. Tinh hinh chinh t r i thieu on dinh d khu
Tay Nam A va
Trung A anh hiTofng den khu
va the gidri nhiT the nao? Neu
hi/dfng giai quyet.
V L T C
V L T C
C a u 3:
Neu va giai thich sif thay ddi khong gian san xuat cong nghiep cua
Hoa K i .
20
C£lu4:
a. PhSn tich nhflng thuan lori va kh6 khSn cua dieu k i e n t\l
nhien Trung Quo'c do'l v(Ji sU p h ^ t t r i e n k i n h te - xa hfii.
b. Danh gia t h i trifcfng Trung Quoc doi v6i s\I ph&t trien kinh te
Viet Nam.
Cau 5:
•
Cho bang so Heu:
GDP va dan so cua Trung Quoc giai dog.n 1985 Nam
2010
1985
1995
2004
2010
GDP (ti USD)
239,0
697,6
1.649,3
*5.880,0
So dan (trieu ngUcri)
1.070
1.211
1.299
1.347
a. Ve bieu do thich htfp the hien toe do tUng tri/otog GDP,
GDP/ngircfi va so dan cua Trung Quoc giai doan 1985 - 2010.
b. Nhan xet va giai thich nguyen nhan cua sif tang trtfofng do.
DE THI NAM 2013
Cau 1:
a. Hay cho biet Mat Trcfi len thien dinh vao ngay nao t h i TP. Ho
Chi Minh (10°47') c6 goc nhap xa giOra trifa bang 77°45'.
b. Nhan dan ta c6 cau ca dao sau:
Dem thdng ndm, chiCa nhm dd sdng
Ngdy thdng mUai, chua ciCdi dd tSi.
Cau ca dao tren de cap den hien tifcfng dia 11 gi va c6 dung of moi
ncfi tren Trai Dat khong? V i sao?
Cau 2:
a. Diia vao Tap ban do the" gidi va cac chau luc cung kien thuTc da
hoc, hay giai thich v i sao Viet Nam khong c6 hoang mac nhu d khu
viTc Tay Bac chau Phi?
b. Tinh nhiet do cua sxibn don gio va sifcfn khuat gio cua mot day
nui of dung do cao 543m, biet rang of dinh nui cao 3.143m c6 nhiet do
la 4,5°C.
21
V
^^^^^
c. Chufng minh rang nhiet do khong k h i tren be mat Trdi Dat thay
doi theo quy luat dia d6i.
C a u 3:
a. Phan tich cac dac diem cua san xuat cong nghiep.
b. Tren the gidi, dien nang diTdc san xuat tCf nhflng nguon nao? V i sao
d nhom niidc phat trien c6 san liicfng dien binh quan dau ngiTcA cao?
C a u 4:
a. Chufng minh rkng cac dieu kien kinh te - xa hoi c6 y nghia quyet
dinh den SLT phat trien va phan bo cac nganh giao thong van tai.
b. Neu sir khac nhau ve lAi diem va nhifOc diem giCfa nganh giao
thong van tai dtfofng bien va dLforng hang khong. V i sao or mi6c ta,
nganh giao thong van tai di/ofng bien ngay cang c6 vai tro quan trong
doi vdri sii phat trien kinh te - xa hoi?
C a u 5:
Cho bang so lieu:
D a n so v a so dan thanh thi
ciia the gidi giai doan 1970 - 2010
(Dan vi: trieu ngilcd)
Nam
1970
1.369,3
Trong do so dan thanh thi
3.632,0
Dan so the gidi
1990
2000
2.716,6
2.275,5
6.037,0
5.292,0
2002
6.215,0
2.964,5
2010
6.892,0
3.446,0
a. Tinh t i le dan thanh t h i cua the gidi giai doan 1970 - 2010.
b. Ve bieu do thich hgrp nhat the hien dan so, so dan thanh t h i va
t i le dan thanh t h i cua the gidi giai doan 1970 - 2010.
c. Nhan xet va giai thich ve sii gia tang dan so, so dan thanh t h i
va t i le dan thanh t h i cua the gidi giai doan 1970 - 2010.
22
B. DAP AN
D E T H I NAM
1998
C a u 1:
Hiep hoi cac nirdrc Dong N a m A (ASEAN).
a) SM* thanh lap va muc tieu cua Hiep hgi Cac nitdc la thanh
vien hien nay:
* Su thank lap va muc tieu:
- Su t h a n h lap:
Sau k h i g i a n h diiac doc lap, dufng trirdrc nhuTng yeu cau p h a t t r i e n
k i n h te - xa h o i cua dat niTdfc, nhieu nifdrc Dong N a m A chu trtfcfng
t h a n h lap mot to chufc l i e n m i n h k h u viic, n h a m cung nhau hcfp tac,
ph6t t r i e n t r e n nhieu l l n h vUc.
Ngay 8 - 8 - 1967, t a i Bang Coc ( T h a i L a n ) , cac Bo trLforng Ngoai
giao cua 5 nifdc: T h a i L a n , In-do-ne-xi-a, M a - l a i - x i - a , P h i - l i p - p i n va
Xin-ga-po da k i tuyen bo ve viec t h a n h lap " H I E P H O I CAC
NV6C
D O N G N A M A" goi t a t la A S E A N . Day la mot t r o n g nhuTng sii k i e n c6
y nghia n h a t t r o n g l i c h suf Dong N a m A.
N a m 1984, B r u - n a y t r d
t h a n h t h a n h v i e n thuf 6, tiep den n a m 1995 V i e t N a m gia
A S E A N , n a m 1997 l a M i - a n - m a va Lao. N a m sau, 1999,
nhap
Cam-pu-chia
diTtfc ket nap va trd t h a n h t h a n h vien thuT 10 cua to chufc nay.
- Cac muc tieu c h i n h cua A S E A N :
+ T r o n g 25 n a m dau, Hiep h o i duac to chufc nhif l a mot k h o i hgrp
tac ve quan sir. Tiep theo sau, muc tieu c h i n h cua H i e p hoi l a :
+ Thiic day sii phat t r i e n k i n h te, v a n hoa, giao due va t i e n bo xa
hoi cua cac niXdc t h a n h v i e n .
-I- Xay ditog Dong N a m A t h a n h mot k h u viTc hoa b i n h , on d i n h ,
ngay cang hdp tac toan dien hcfn, c6 nen k i n h te, v a n hoa phat t r i e n .
+ Giai quyet nhOfng khac biet trong npi bo l i e n quan den moi quan he
giijfa A S E A N vdri cac ntfdc, khoi nUdc hoac cac to chufc quoc te khac.
23
* Cdc
nUdc
thanh
vien
hien
nay
(xep
theo
thii
Thai Lan
9
Xin-ga-po
8
Phi-lip-pin
7
Y-an-gun
Mi-an-ma
6
Cua-la Lam-pcf
Ma-lai-xi-a
5
Lao
4
In-do-ne-xi-a
3
Cam-pu-chia
2
Bru-nay
1
T e n nxidc
sri'
diem
giong
tU a,
h, c,
T h u do
Ban-da X e - r i Be-ga-oan
2004).
0,4
Phnom Penh
13,1
5,8
V i e n g Chan
218,7
Gia-cac-ta
25,6
50,1
63,8
Bang Coc
4,2
Xin-ga-po
83,7
Ma-ni-la
Ha Noi
nhau
nam
I ) a n so
(tri( ?u ngrfcfi)
Viet Nam
10
b) Nhitng
nii6c trong
82,0
ve mat lich svC vd dia U cua
cdc
khoi:
+ L i c h suf: Deu l a nhuTng
nU6c
hi
thifc dan phifcfng Tay t h o n g t r i ,
g i a n h diiOc doc lap tCf sau Chien t r a n h the gidi thuf I L Trifdrc day, khu
V L T C
nay l a nofi cung cap nguyen v a t lieu va sufc lao dong cho cac niXdc
t i / ban phiicfng Tay.
+ D i a l i : Hau het cac
niXdc
deu giap bien, k h i hau n h i e t ddri am gio
mua, dat t r o n g va nhieu nong san giong nhau.
c) NhQng
thudn
khi gia nhap
lofi vd nhitng
van de dat ra doi v&i ni/&c ta
ASEAN:
+ Phai n h a n h chong h i e n dai hoa san xuat, tSng ciTcfng cong nghe
m 6 i de n a n g cao chat liigtog san p h a m , ha gia t h a n h n h a m t a n g cifdng
k h a n a n g canh t r a n h cua hang hoa midc t a t r e n t h i triforng the gidri va
xam nhap c6 k e t qua vao t h i trJcfng k h u vifc.
+ Dao tao dpi ngu can bo khoa hoc - k i thuat, doi ngu quan l i c6 day
dii t r i n h do de thiic hien cac boat dong cua Hiep hoi mcf rong va nang cao
dao tao day nghe de c6 nguon lao dong dap ufng nhu cau m6i
24
C a u 2:
a) Qua trinh
Trung
hi$n dgi hod cong
nghi^p
vd nong
nghi^p
cua
Quoc:
Nam 1978, Trung Quoc bat dau thtfc hien di/cfng loi doi mdi kinh te
vdi 4 nhiem vu hien dai hoa trong: Cong nghiep, nong nghiep, khoa
hoc - k i thuat, an ninh quoc phong.
* Hien dai hoa trong cong nghiep (CN) Id nhiem vu quan trgng
hang dau:
- Bien phdp:
+ Tang ciforng von dau t\i, dung 80% von vay de phat trien cac
nganh cong nghiep mui nhon va xay difng ccf sof ha tang. "
+ Hien dai hoa may moc, thiet hi cong nghiep de san xuat nhieu
mat hang phuc vu nhu caii trong ni/dc va xuat khau.
+ MoT cufa, tang ctf&ng giao lUU quoc te, tan dung cac dieu kien trong
quan he quoc te: Cac ni/dfc phat trien dang khung hoang thCra; Trung
Quoc da mor cijfa de thu hut von, k i thuat, hoc tap kinh nghiem quan l i
kinh te, trao doi hang hoa, thong t i n vdi cac nifdfc.
+ Van chu trong phat trien va nang cao chat lifcfng cac mat hang
truyen thong.
+ Thifc hien co che t h i trifcfng, tien hanh t u nhan hoa mot so x i
nghiep, ... Chii trong dao tao, boi di/Sng nhan t ^ i , can bo khoa hoc ki thuat, cong nhan lanh nghe.
+ Tan dung nguon tai nguyen sSn c6, nguon lao dong gia re
quyet viec lam, nang cao dcfi song.
giai
-Ke'tqua:
+ Nam 1998, gia t r i san hieing cong nghiep chiem 70% gia t r i hang
xuat khau Trung Quoc.
+ Toe do tang triTorng binh quan trong cong nghiep dat 10 - 12%
hang nam.
+ Rieng nSm 1999, cong nghiep dat 10,2%, trong do cong nghiep
nang tang trifofng nhanh hcfn cong nghiep nhe.
- Ca cdu cong nghiep c6 sU chuyen bien.
+ Nam 1987 - 1988 Trung Quoc day manh cong nghiep truyen
thong: luyen k i m , khai khoang, det.
25
+ Nam
1988 -
1 9 9 8 : T r u n g Quoc c h i i t r o n g p h a t t r i e n cac
nganh
c o n g n g h i e p h i e n d a i : ccf k h i c h i n h xac, d i e n tCi, h a n g k h o n g v u t r u , d u
l i c h , ... n g a y c a n g p h a t t r i e n .
- Phdn
bo sdn xudt
+ HvMdc n a m
cong
nghiep
c6 nhiiu
chuySn
bien
1988:
• P h a n bo or D o n g B a c ( C a p N h i T a n , P h u T h u a n , . . . )
• P h a n bo or H o a B a c (Bac K i n h , T h i e n T a n . , . . . ) .
• P h a n bo or H o a T r u n g (Thtfgrng H a i , . . . ) .
+ Sau n a m
1988:
• V u n g c o n g n g h i e p H o a T r u n g di/tfc h i e n d a i h o a v a mor r o n g .
(Vu H a n , N a m K i n h ) ,
• P h a t t r i e n m a n h or H o a N a m ( Q u a n g
Chau).
• C h u t r o n g p h a t t r i e n t h e m or m i e n T a y L a n C h a u , U - r u m - s i ) .
- Thanh
tUu noi bat trong
linh
vUc
CN:
+ H a n g k h o n g v u t r u : T r u n g Quoc d a n S m dtfcfc k l t h u a t 1 t e n lijfa
chor n h i e u v e t i n h .
+ T r u n g Quoc tror t h a n h d o i t h u c a n h t r a n h m a n h vdri cac luidc
phat
t r i e n t r e n t h i trtfcfng) p h o n g ve t i n h thtforng m a i .
+ T r u n g Quoc d a p h o n g t h a n h c o n g cac t a u v u t r u T h a n C h a u , di/a
c o n ngiTcfi v a o v u t r u . T r u n g Quoc d a t r d t h a n h niTdrc thuT 3 t r e n t h e
gidi t r o n g l i n h
* Hien
nay.
V L T C
dai hod nong
nghiep
Id nhiem
vu cdp
thi^t.
- Bien phap:
+ K h u y e n k h i c h p h a t t r i e n s a n x u a t v a dtfa k h o a hoc - k i t h u a t vao
nong
nghiep.
+ D a u t i e n l a k h o a n s a n x u a t cho cac h o n o n g d a n , t r a o q u y e n
cho
h o t\i q u y e t d i n h l o a i cay t r o n g , v a t n u o i m a h o c6 k h a n a n g s a n x u a t
tot nhat.
+ N h a nifdrc g i a m t h u e n o n g n g h i e p , t a n g g i a n o n g s a n h a n g h o a .
+ T o chufc d i c h v u v a n c h u y e n v a t h i / c f n g m a i h o a n o n g p h a m .
+ K i c h t h i c h p h a t t r i e n c o n g n g h i e p d i a phifcfng de g i a i q u y e t
lao
d o n g d u thCfa d n o n g t h o n v a t a o r a n h i e u h a n g h o a .
+ R a t c h u t r o n g d i i a k h o a hoc - k i t h u a t vao n o n g n g h i e p n h t f g i o n g
mdfi, t h u y Icfi h o a , ccr gidfi h o a n o n g n g h i e p , ...
26