tài liệu luyện thi tiếng anh

Trích phần lý thuyết

CHUYÊN ĐỀ ĐỌC HIỂU
MTSMOLÀMBÀITPĐCHIU
HIUQUGITNGEM
DưiđâylàmtsmolàmbàiĐcHiuVănBnmàcánhânmình
đãđúckt.

1. HÃY“SKIMMING”VÀ“SCANNING”
1.1. Skimminglàgì?
Skimming(đclưt)làđcđtìmhiuýchínhcabàichkhôngtìm
ýchititvàđưcápdngvidngcâuhitìmnidungchínhcađon
hoctìmcâuchđcabàivicácdngcâuhinhư:
Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
Skimmingnhưthnào?
• Đctiêuđcabài/đon(nucó)vàđonmđuđxácđnhni
dungchính


T H CĐ TPHÁĐ CHI UTI NGANH

• Đ c câu ch đ c a t ng đo n - vì các đo n văn ti ng Anh thư ng
đư c vi t theo ki u di n d ch ho c quy n p nên câu ch đ thư ng là câu
đ u tiên c a đo n (di n d ch) ho c câu cu i cùng c a đo n (quy n p)
Ví d minh h a:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with
too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It
can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources,

or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available
resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported o a given
area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other
resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily
by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering,
even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because
these labor – intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts
of food.

Question: Which of the following could be the best title for the paragraph?
A. High Birth Rate and its Consequesces.
B. Overpopulation: A cause of poverty.
C. Overpopulation: A worldwide problem.
D. Poverty in Developing Countries.
G i ý:
Đ i v i câu tìm ch đ / ý chính c a bài vi t, ta thư ng t p trung vào
câu đ u ho c câu cu i c a bài. V i bài này , câu ch đ n m ngay câu đ u
tiên c a đo n:
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with
too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty.
Đáp án c a câu h i là C


1.2. Scanning làgì?
Scanning (quét) là đ c đ tìm ki m d li u, thông tin c th cho vi c
tr l i câu h i mà không c n ph i hi u n i dung c a bài, cũng là kĩ năng r t
quan tr ng cho d ng bài Đ c – Hi u.
Scanning như th nào?
• Trư c khi scanning, hãy đ c kĩ câu h i trư c và g ch chân “key
words” (t khóa c a câu h i) đ xác đ nh câu h i c n thông tin gì

• Sau đó quay l i bài và quét th t nhanh, khi th y thông tin g n
gi ng câu h i, nh đánh d u/ g ch chân vào bài đ luôn nh thông tin đó
dành cho câu nào và đ c th t kĩ toàn b câu hay đo n ch a thông tin.
• Đ ý các t / c m t đư c in đ m vì ch c ch n trong câu h i s h i
ý nghĩa c a các t / c m t đó. Đ c câu trư c và câu sau c a t / c m t đ
đoán t v ng d a theo ng c nh.
Ví d minh h a:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on
your answer sheet to indicate t he correct answer to each of the
questions.
emphasis on convenient and rapid consumption is best represented in fast
foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks. By the 1960s and
1970s fast foods became one of Americas strongest exports as franchises
for Mc Donalds and Burger King spread through Europe and other parts of
the world, including Russia and China. Traditional meals cooked at home
and consumed at a leisurely pace _ gave way to quick lunches and dinners
eaten on the run as other countries imitated American cultural patterns.
By the late 20th century Americans had become more conscious of
less beef. Cooks began to rediscover many world cuisines in forms closer
to their original. In California, chefs combined fresh fruits and vegetables


T H CĐ TPHÁĐ CHI UTI NGANH

available with ingredients and spices borrowed from immigrant kitchens to
create an innovative cooking style that was lighter than traditional French,
but more interesting and varied than typical American cuisine. Along with
the states wines, California cuisine took its place among the acknowledged

Question 1: Fast foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks

………
A. are traditional meals of the US people.
B. are popular because of their nutritious values.
C. became more popular than meals cooked at home in China.
D. became popular with other European and Asian countries.
G i ý:
Đ u tiên chúng ta đ c câu h i và g ch chân t khóa c a câu h i:
“hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks”, sau đó quét th t nhanh trong bài –
thông tin n m câu 2 và 3 c a đo n 1:
American emphasis on convenient and rapid consumption is best
represented in fast foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks.
By the 1960s and 1970s fast foods became one of Americas strongest
exports as franchises for Mc Donalds and Burger King spread through
Europe and other parts of the world, including Russia and China.
đáp án D

Question 2: Which of the following is similar in meaning to the word
“cuisine”?
A. cooking

B. style of cooking

C. cookery

D. cook

G i ý:
đây chúng ta áp d ng phương pháp đoán t v ng qua ng c nh:
chefs combined fresh fruits and vegetables available with ingredients
and spices borrowed from immigrant kitchens to create an innovative