Phân biệt động từ Ving và Having V3 có Bài tập Minh Họa

I. So sánh Gerund và Present participle:
 Điểm chung:

V-ing

 Phân biệt:

Chức năng

Gerund

Present participle

Danh tư

Động tư
-

Vị tri

-

Sau giới tư

-

Sau động tư theo sau V-ing

Vi dụ :
1. Touch your toes without bending your knees !
2. I avoid meeting him again.

3. They found a tree lying across the road.
4. Hearing a strange noise, she ran outside the house.

-

Sau tân ngữ ( tân ngữ sau các
động tư chỉ nhận thức, tri giác)
Sau “ go”
Đầu mệnh đề trạng ngữ và tinh
tư rút gọn khi 2 vế có cùng chủ
ngữ.

 Gerund
 Gerund
 Present Participle
 Present Participle

II. So sánh Perfect Gerund và Perfect Participle:
 Điểm chung:

having + V3/ Ved

Phân biệt:
Perfect Gerund

Vị tri

Perfect Participle

-

Sau giới tư

-

Sau tân ngữ

-

Sau động tư theo sau V-ing

-

Đầu mệnh đề

Vi dụ :
1. He denied having stolen her bag.
2. He was accused of having deserted his ship two months ago.
3. Having read the instruction, he snatched up the fire extinguisher.
4. They found someone having broken into their house last night.

 Perfect Gerund
 Perfect Gerund
 Perfect Participle
 Perfect Participle


III. Cách sử dụng V-ing và Having+ V3/ Ved:
 Unit 4/ English 11 muốn hướng dẫn cách dùng V-ing hay having + V3/ Ved khi rút gọn câu có 2
mệnh đề và có cùng 1 chủ tư.


Nếu 2 hành động ở 2 mệnh đề xảy ra đồng thời hay được chia cùng thì với
nhau, ta lược bỏ chủ tư ở 1 mệnh đề rồi sau đó chia động tư trong mệnh đề đó ở dạng V-ing.

Nếu 2 hành động ở 2 mệnh đề xảy ra theo thứ tự trước sau, ta lược bỏ chủ tư
của mệnh đề có hành động xảy ra trước rồi sau đó chia động tư trong mệnh đề đó ở dạng
Having + V3/ Ved.
 Cách nhận dạng trước thì:
- Hiện tại hoàn thành trước Hiện tại đơn.
- Quá khứ hoàn thành trước Quá khứ đơn.
- Quá khứ đơn trước Hiện tại đơn.
So sánh 2 vi dụ sau:
1.
2.

When I saw the dog, I ran away.
 Seeing the dog, I ran away.
When I had seen the dog, I ran away.
 Having seen the dog, I ran away.

( cùng là thì quá khứ )
( quá khứ hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn )

I. Chọn đáp án đúng:
1. Having waited / waiting 5 months for the fridgeto be deliveried, I decide to cancel / have canceled the
order.
2. The government plans to bring / have brought in new laws.
3. He denied telling / having told her that story.
4. Before leaving / having left, she gave me a book.

5. I look forward to seeing / having seen you soon.
6. We are talking about having gone / going to HN next month.
7. I hate being kept waiting / having been kept waiting for her when we go out.
8. I hate being kept waiting / having been kept waiting for her when we went out last night.
II. Viết lại các câu sau dùng participle phrase:

1. I knew that he was poor. I offered to pay his fare.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
2. We barricaded the windows. We assembled in the hall.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
3. She became tired of my complaints about the program. She turned it off.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________


4. He found no one at home. He left the house in a bad temper.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
5. He hoped to find the will. She searched everywhere.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
6. The criminal removed all traces of his crime. He left the building.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
7. He realized that he had missed the last train. He began to work.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
8. He was exhausted by his work. He threw himself on his bed.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
9. He had spent all his money. He decided to go home and ask his father for a job.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
10. He escaped from prison. He looked for a place where he could get food.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
11. She didn't want to hear the story again. She had heard it all before.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________

12. They found the money. They began quarreling about how to divide it.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
13. She entered the room suddenly. She found them smoking.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
14. I turned on the light. I was astonished at what I saw.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
15. We visited the museum. We decided to have lunch in the park.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
16. He offered to show us the way home. He thought we were lost.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
17. He found his revolver. He loaded it. He sat down facing the door.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
18. She asked me to help her. She realized that she couldn't move it alone.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
19. He fed the dog. He sat down to his own dinner.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
20. He addressed the congregation. He said he was sorry to see how few of them had been able
to come.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
21. He thought he must have made a mistake somewhere. He went through his calculations
again.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
22. I have looked through the fashion magazines. I realize that my clothes are hopelessly out of
date.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
23. The tree had fallen across the road. It had been uprooted by the gale.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
24. People were sleeping in the next room. They were woken by the sound of breaking glass.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
25. I knew that the murderer was still at large. I was extremely reluctant to open the door.

 ____________________________________________________________________________________
26. He stole the sliver. He looked for a place to hide it.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________


27. We were soaked to the skin. We eventually reached the station.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
28. I sat in the front row. I used opera glasses. I saw everything beautifully.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
29. One evening you will be sitting by the fire. You will remember this day.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
30. I didn't like to sit down. I knew that there were ants in the glass.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
31. After I have finished my homework, I went out.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
32. When Mary met me, she was very happy.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
33. Because we had no money, we stayed at home.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
34. I met him last month. I always think of it.
____________________________________________________________________________________
35. Although I had met him before, I couldn't realized him.
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
III. Choose the best participles forms (A - G) to fit into the sentences. One of the forms is
not needed.
A. giving

B. not having been given
C. not giving
D. having been given

E. being given
F. having given
G. given

1. The best part _________ to another actor, Josh felt unwilling to continue his involvement in
the show.
2. I've always treasured the watch _________ to me on my eighteenth birthday.
3. The police officers stood at either end of the hallway, _________ Ray no chance of escape.
4. _________ our tickets to the attendant, we were ushered into the antechamber of the tomb.
5. We are dividing up the grant according to need, the largest amount _________ to the
homeless.
6. _________ the mandatory month's notice by the landlord, the tenant was able to stay on in the
house.