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Bridge to
Pre-intermediate-Intermediate Band 3.5 to 4.5
Student's Book
Louis Harrison
Susan Hutchison
NATIONAL
GEOGRAPHIC
LEARNING
I ;•
CE NG AGE
' ... Learn ing·
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
Welcome to the Bridge to IELTS Studenfs Book!
Bridge to IELTS is the first stage in helping you prepare for taking the IELTS test We want to
help you improve your English language and test skills and also develop your study skills.
We have carefully selected interesting topics and developed the language study step by step.
We have also included revision sections to help you remember grammar and vocabulary you
learned earlier.
At the same time as you improve your English language and study skills you'll get lots of test
practice. Most of the activities in the units are based on real IELTS test question types so when
you're improving your English skills, you're preparing for the test at the same time.
To make sure you're really ready to study for the test, in Bridge to /EL TS boxes we've included
information on how the test works as well as tips on how to do your best in the test.
And there's more! In Bridge to IELTS we help you understand the situations which feature in
the test - student life and academic traditions that you will listen to and speak about in the
test. look out for the Living /El TS boxes which contain words and phrases to help you sound
natural and confident.
Most of all, we hope that you enjoy the course and find it interesting, fun and motivating
because we learn best when we enjoy what we're learning!
All good wishes
Louis Harrison and Susan Hutchison
,..
NATIONAL
·-
GEOGRAPHIC
LEARNING
CENGAGE
Learning·
Bridge to IELTS Student's Book
© 2013 Nationa l Geographic Learning, a part of Cengage Learning
Louis Harrison and Susa n Hutchison
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Bridge to /EL TS Course map
Key: Reading (R); Speaking (S); Listening (L); Writing (W)
UNIT /TITLE
1 Home
Introduction : '0-week'
l Festivals
PAGE TEST PRACTICE
6
14
Introduction: Carnivals
Review 1
22
] Teamwork
Introduction: The
first-year student
experience
24
4 Education
Introduction:
International student
prize
32
GRAMMAR
R: Making Friends: true /false questions
S: describing a room
L: multiple-choice questions
W: a personal description
Present simple of be
R: New Year in Australia: short answer questions
S: a special day or event
L: multiple-choice questions
W: describing a festival
Present simple
there is
I
there are
Present simple questions
and short answers
Grammar: question forms; present tense Vocabulary: making friends; positive and negative adjectives
R: Teamwork: matching headings and paragraphs
Adverbs of frequency
S:ape~onyouadmi~
I can't for ability
L: true/ false questions
W: describing a good leader
can
R: Choices in today's education: multiple choice questions
L: table completion
S: my studies
W: describing graphs and trends
Present continuous
Present continuous and
present simple
40
Grammar. can; present simple; present continuous Vocabulary: character adjectives; academic subjects
5 Buildings and cities
Introduction:
Describing bui ldings
42
L: summary completion
6 Work
Introduction: Student
volunteers
50
Reviewl
Review 3
7 Urban sports
Introduction : Urban
hunt
Past simple of be
R: The Eiffel Tower: matching summaries with paragraphs
58
60
8 The natural world
Introduction: Travel
experiences
68
9 Family
Introduction: Family
celebration
76
S: a special building
W: describing a city
Past simple: regular verbs
R: I need a job: true I false questions
L: multiple-choice questions
S: a rewarding experience
W: discussing the benefits of doing a part-time job
Past simple: questions
Past simple: irregular verbs
Grammar: past tense questions with be; past tense irregular verbs; linking with so
Vocabulary: adjectives to describe buildings; phrases about work
R: Parkour: matching headings and paragraphs
L: table completion
S: my favourite sport
W: describing a chart
have to for obligation:
can / can't for permission
R: The changing environment of Australia: multiple-choice questions
L: multiple selection
S: a special place of natural beauty
W: discursive essay (1 ): The advantages and disadvantages
of tourism
Present perfect with ever
and never
Past simple
Present perfect with for
and since
R: Living in the Blue Zone: matching summaries and paragraphs
Present simple passive
need
L: true / false questions
S: an important life event
W: describing a table
Passive and active verbs
Review 4
84
Grammar: passive and active Vocabulary: family relat ionships; the natural world
1 0 Conservation
Introduction: Earth
Day
86
R: Managing water supplies: labelling
L: multiple-choice questions
S: an environmental problem
W: problem I solution essay
Countable and uncountable
nouns I some and any
11 Design
Introduction:
The Supermileage
competition
94
R: Think big: labelling
L: multiple selection
S: my favourite thing
W: comparison essay
Comparatives
12 Plans and predictions
Introduction: After the
course
102
L: Yes/ No I Not given
R: Where's the classroom gone?: matching headings and paragraphs
S: my plans for the future
W: discursive essay (2) : The future of education
going to
Review 5
1 10
Writing bank pages 1 12-123
D
Contents
how much I how many
Superlatives
will (not)
Grammar: countable nouns comparative and superlative adjectives; going to; will Vocabulary: nouns
from verbs
Assignments- Communication bank pages 124-127
/EL TS
/EL TS
PRONUNCIATION
VOCABULARY
BRIDGE TO
Vowel sounds
Making friends
Adjectives to
describe rooms
Starting your talk
Introducing people
Word order
Positive and
negative adjectives
Task cards
Talking about likes
and dislikes
Punctuation
/o/ /ei/ /ai/
Syllable stress
LJVI NCi
Bridge to IELTS: Test preparation
WRITING SKILLS/ STUDY SKILLS
Study skills: Learning outside class
and, too and also
Strong and weak
forms: can and
Adjectives to
describe cha racter
Finding main points
Giving information
about people and
things
Talking about ability
Linking ideas with
Syllable stress
Academic subjects
and higher
education
Scanning a reading
passage
Structuring information
about a chart
Talking about your
studies
Phrases to describe trends
can't
Numbers
Btidge to IELTS: Listening test preparation
-ed ending of
regular verbs
Different
pronunciations of
the letter e
Study skills: Thinking about study habits
Adjectives to
describe buildings
Using a dictionary
When you don't know
a word
Being positive
Work
Playing for time
Talking about feelings Linking with
Bridge to /ELTS: Reading test preparation
Organising a paragraph (1)
so
Study skills: Keeping vocabulary records
because
Strong and weak
forms: have to
Sports and sports
skills
Completing tables
Describing figures in
a chart
Adding emphasis ( l )
Linking with
Strong and weak
forms: have and
Landscape features
Vocabulary range
Commenting
Presenting an argument
has
Adjective and noun
collocations
Adding emphasis (2)
Comparing figures in a table
Family relationships Structuring your talk
Btidge to IELTS: Writing test preparation
Study skills: Using reference materials
Word stress in
verbs and nouns
Word formation
Using information for
predicting
Understanding long
listening passages
Listing
Saying you're not
sure
Organising a paragraph (2)
-er endings
Adjectives to
describe objects
Choosing from a list
Talking about what
you like
For and against
going to
Collocations
Matching headings and
paragraphs
Giving yourself
thinking time
Giving your opinion
Agreeing or disagreeing
Bridge to /ELTS: Speaking test preparation
Audioscript pages 128-137
Grammar reference pages 138- 143
Study skills: Revising vocabulary
Irregular verbs page 144
Contents
U
READING
1
Complete the dialogue. Use the words below.
2
::o:
in groups of three and practise the dialogue.
fine
Nice
Ana:
Sergei:
Ana:
Sergei:
Ana:
Hello How m eet new
student this w ell from
1 _ _ _,
l
Sergei!
Hi, Ana! 2 _ _ _ are you?
I'm 3 _ _ _ , th anks. And you?
I' m very • ___, thanks.
Sergei 5 _ _ _ is Eva. She's from Argentina.
Hello, Sergei. 6 _ _ _ to m eet yo u.
Eva:
Nice
to 1 _ _ _ you too! I'm 8 _ _ _ Russia.
Sergei:
Are you a 9 _ _ _ st udent?
Eva:
Sergei: Yes, I am.
I'm a new 10 _ _ _ too!
Eva:
Read the text and answer the questions.
2
4
How many universities are there in Aust ra lia?
Who is 0-week for?
Read the text again and choose Y (yes} or N (no).
Is Australia a young country?
YIN
Is 0 -week in the second w eek of
the academic year?
YI N
3 Are some students from other countries? Y / N
YI N
4 Are the host students new st udents?
1
2
T
here are many reasons to study here! Australia is a very young and exciting
country. There are 41 universities here and so t here are ma ny different courses
to choose from! The teachers and the students are very friendly. Are you from
another country? Don't worry! Many studen ts he re aren't from Australia either.
They're from many different countries too.
The fi rst week of the academic year at our universities is 0-week. It's a time to meet
people, make friends and have fun! 0-week isn't a time to study! Student hosts are
here to help you. They are students who know the university well. So ... Australia is
a great place for you to live and learn! Australia is THE place to be!
D
Unit I Home
-
.....
LISTEN ING
GRAMMAR
~Tl) Listen to two students, Fouad and Agnes,
talking at the 0-Week meeting. Tick the things
they talk about.
1
A weather
B food
C clothes
D
D
D family
E friends
D
0
D
~ Listen again and choose the correct answers.
2
Fouad is in the ... department.
a science
b business
c art
2 Fouad and Agnes are in ...
a Australia.
b Canada.
c Germany.
3 Yibo is from ...
a China.
c Saudi Arabia.
b Japan.
4 The barbeque is on ...
a Thursday.
b Friday.
PRESENT SIMPLE OF BE
You use the verb be to give infonnation about
yourself, other people, things and places.
Australia is a very young and exciting country.
0-week isn't a time to study.
The teachers and the students are friendly.
Many students aren't from Australia.
Are you from another country?
The fonn of be is different for different personal
pronouns.
Jam
You I we I they are
He I she I it is
GRAMMAR REFERENCE PACE
c Saturday.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Uving IELTS
INTRODUCING PEOPLE
~IJ) Listen and put the sentences in order.
D
D
D
Hello, Fouad. Nice to meet you too.
Hi, Yibo. Nice to meet you.
Fouad, this is Yibo. Yibo, this is Fouad.
Yibo's a science student too.
138
..--::::::
1 Complete with the correct fonn of be.
2
Put the words in order to make questions.
1
2
3
4
5
Work in groups of three. Introduce each other.
3
Berlin _ _ in Germany. It's the capital city.
Fouad and Yibo _ _ in Melbourne.
They _ _ (not) in the art department
I _ _ (not) from Australia.
Agnes _ _ (not) from Australia.
She _ _ from Germany.
German I he I Is ?
Are I a I student I new I you ?
she I from I China I Is?
they I Are I the I tour I on ?
Yibo I Is I your I name ?
Complete the answers using the words below.
Then match the answers with the questions in
activity 2.
are
a
b
c
d
e
aren't
isn't
It's
She's
Yes, I _ _ My name's Fouad.
Yes, she is. _ _ from Beijing.
No, it isn't _ _ Agnes.
No, he _ _ He's Saudi.
Yes, they _ _ It's their first day at university!
Unit
1 Home
D
READING
PRONUNCIATION
VOWEL SOUNDS 1
2
ro:i] A) Listen and match the words with the sounds.
1
what
2 name
a /ai/
b /o/
3
c /ei/
Match the pictures with the words below.
sports club
2
Internet
band
choir
Read the text and number the pictures in activity 1
in the order they are mentioned.
~~ Listen and put the words in the table.
/ o/
l
1
/o/ / e i/ / ail
/ci/
/ail
Practise saying the words.
VOCABULARY
MAKING FRIENDS
1
Match the words to make phrases.
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
a
b
c
d
e
f
yourself to someone
hello
a conversation
people
to someone
with frie nds
Complete the sentences using phrases from
activity 1.
2
3
4
5
6
D
chat \ _ _
meet
say
start
go out
introd uce
It's easy to _ _ when you meet someone fo r
the first time. You say your name!
I _ _ or Hi when I meet friends in the street.
You can _ _ with someone by smiling, saying
hello and making eye contact.
I _ _ at the weekends - we go to the cinema
or go shopping.
If you _ _ you talk in a friendly, info rmal way
with them.
Clubs are good places to _ _ and have fu n.
Unit 1 Home
A
There are new people to meet everywhere - the
person who is next to you in a class or someone
who is in fron t of you in the lunch line. There
are many different ways to start a conversation
s with someone n ew, but it is always a good idea
to smile and make eye contact before you begin.
Just say 'hello' and ask questions like, 'Where are
you from?' . The weather is always a good topic
for conversation. You can say, 'It's a nice day, isn 't
10 it?'. It's impor tant to keep the conversation light
and it's also a good idea to follow a 30170 pattern
during small talk when possible. This is 30%
talking and 70% listening.
3
Choose T (true) or F (false).
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
There are two ways to start a conversation.
It is a good idea to talk about serious topics
when you meet someone new.
It is more important to listen than to talk.
Most good friends are very different from
each other.
The Internet is not always a good way to
make friends.
A sports team is the best way to meet new
friends.
T/F
T/F
T/ F
T/ F
T/F
T/F
Read the text again and circle TWO answers.
When you meet someone new it is important to ...
a smile.
b laugh.
c make eye contact.
2
B The Internet is a great way to get to know
15
20
(
25
30
people and make friends. It isn't always
necessary for friends to have common
interests. Some good friends are people who
are very different from each other! However,
it's easy to spend a lot of time online with
someone who you think is a friend and then
find there's no chance to meet them because
of time and distance.
Sports clubs are great places to keep healthy
and make friends at the same time. They are
not just for people who are good at playing a
sport - they are for everyone. The important
thing is to enjoy what you do and have fun.
A sports team isn't the only way to a good
sociaJ life. Ifyou play a musicaJ instrument or
sing, there are bands or choirs you can join too.
Good places to get to know new people are .. .
a not easy to find.
b online.
c clubs.
3 Sports clubs are ...
a fun.
b for everyone.
c for people who like team sports only.
5
Find the words in the text and choose the correct
meaning.
Small talk (line 12) is ...
a polite conversation about everyday things like
the weather.
b conversation about serious topics.
2 A common interest (line 16) is ...
a an activity which you share with another
person.
ban activity you like to do by yourself.
3
If you live at a distance (line 22) from something,
you live ...
a far.
b near.
4
If you have a good soda/ life (line 28) you are .. .
a usually at home by yourself.
b often out with people and having fun.
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1 Which is the best way to make friends? Why?
l What do you talk about when you meet new people?
Unit 1 Home
D
VOCABULARY
ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE ROOMS
1
Match the pictures with the words below.
flat
2
house
student hall
bedsit
Look at the words below. Which can you use to
describe the following things?
big bright cold uncomfortable
comfortable noisy small tidy
warm quiet dark
•
•
•
•
a chair
a bed
a room
a house or flat
l
Put the words in activity 2 in pairs of opposites.
Which word has no opposite?
4
Choose the correct answers.
It's a very hard chair - it's very comfortable
I
uncomfortable.
2 There's a lot of light in this room - it's very dork I
bright.
3 It's very quiet I noisy near her flat. It's next to a
busy road.
4 It's a very small I large flat so there isn't much
space.
5 Her flat isn't very tidy I cold. Her books are
everywhere!
6 It's very cold I worm in here. Can I open the
window?
Work in pairs. Which place in the photos would
you most like to live in? Why?
IIlJ Unit
7 Home
LISTENING
1
GRAMMAR
~ Listen to Hassan and Etsuko talking about
where they live. Choose the correct answers.
THERE IS/ THERE ARE
You use there is with singular nouns and there are
with plural nouns.
Hassan is talking to a student from ...
a Egypt.
b Japan.
c Australia.
There is a sofa. There isn't a desk.
There are three rooms. There aren't bookshelves.
Is there a desk? Yes, there is./ No, there isn't.
Are there bookshelves? Yes, there are. I No, there
aren't
2 His home is . ..
a near the university.
b far from the university.
c at the university.
~
3 Etsuko is in a ...
a student hall.
b house.
c flat.
1
2
D
0
bookshelves
sofa
laptop
D
D
D
Choose the correct words.
desk
table
D
D
Complete the questions with Is there I
Are there.
1 _ _ three people in Hassan's room?
2 _ _ a lot of noise in Etsuko's room?
3 _ _ a laptop in Hassan's room?
4 _ _ bookshelves in Etsuko's room?
2 ~]])) Listen again and tick the things
they mention.
D
138
1 There is I There are a table in Hassan's room.
2 There is I There are a sofa in Hassan's room.
3 There is I There are a park near Etsuko's home.
4 There is I There are three rooms in Hassan's flat.
4 There is a ... near her home.
a park
b shopping centre
c station
bed
lamp
window
GRAMMAR REFERENCE PAGE
3
Put the words in order to make questions.
1 big / window I there I Is I your I room I
in I a?
2 there I Are I shops I home I near/ your ?
3 your I home I Is I quiet I very ?
4 it I to I place I live I Is I a I good ?
4
Complete the answers with the words below.
Then match the answers with the questions in
activity 3.
is
a
b
c
d
5
There's
isn't
there
Yes, there are. _ _ a big shopping centre.
Yes, i t - - · It's right in the centre of the city.
Yes, _ _ is. There's a lovely view.
No, it - -· It's very noisy.
Work i.n pairs. Ask and answer the questions in
activity 3.
Unit 7 Home
m
SPEAKING
DESCRIBING A ROOM
1
Work in pai rs. Ask and answer the questions.
3
Where do you like to study?
• at home
• in a library
• somew here else
Marisa's room is ...
b big.
a small.
l
How do you like to study?
• on you r own
• with other people
c quiet.
2 She thinks the colour blue is ...
b w arm.
c cold.
a calm.
2 When do you l i~e to study?
• in the morning
• in the afternoon
• in the evening
l
Tl) Listen again and choose the correct answers.
X)..
There .. . in the room.
a are three bookshelves b are two bookshelves
c is a red chair
l
4 The room is a good place to study in because ...
a it's noisy. b it's quiet. c it's bright.
4
t:p..;T l) Listen to Marisa talking about where she
likes to study. Which picture is Marisa's room?
Think about your ideal room to study in. Make
notes about it. Think about .. .
•
•
•
•
w here it is.
w hat colour the room is.
w hat there is in the room.
w hy it is a good room to study in.
Bridge to /El TS
STARTING YOUR TALK
A good way to start your talk is to repeat the words
on the card. My ideal room to study in ? My ideal room
to study in is ... Say these words slowly and dearly.
This gives you time to think about what you can
say next.
5
Work in pairs. Take turns to talk about the topic
card. Use the notes you made in activity 4 to
help you.
Describe your ideal room to study in.
You should say:
· w here th e room is
- w hat colour the room is
- w hat there is in th e room
and say w hy it is a good place to study in.
m Unit 1 Home
WRITING
WRITING SKILLS
A PERSONAL DESCRIPTION
WORD ORDER
1
3
look at the picture. Guess which of these
sentences describe the city.
1
2
3
4
S
6
2
It's a big city.
There are shops.
There isn't a cinema.
There are restaurants.
lt's in the centre of the city.
It's a good place to live.
Put the words in order to make questions.
2
3
4
S
6
name I your I What's ?
from I Where I you I are ?
your I Where I is I city?
home I is I Where I your?
is I home I near I your I What ?
is I like I What I home I your ?
4
Write the answers to the questions for Natalia.
5
Answer the questions in activity l for you.
6
Complete the text for you. Use the notes you made
in activity S.
Read the text and check your answers.
'Ml/ 11.tH't1e' s Nt1-tt1lit1. I ' m fn>m Nov~on>J. I-t's t1
smtitl &if\/ ivi ttie wes-t of""Rl.tssit1. 'Ml/ £Mis ivi
ttie cevitre of the ciry. ""Wlere are lots of snops,
res-ta"ravi-ts aviJ &iviemtts viear i-t. 'Ml/ flti-t is vio-t
very k:liq k:ll-4-ti-t's very comfor-tak11e, warm
aviJ k:lri"Vi-t. I-t's t.i
My name's 1 - - - - - - - · I' m from
- -- - - - -· It's a 3 _ _ _ _ _ __
My home is in 4 _ _ _ _ _ __ There are
2
~reM plc.u -to live!
6
- - -- - - - near it. My home is
• It's a great place to live!
Chant al lives in Quebec in Canada.
She speaks English and French.
Every year she goes to the Quebec
Winter Carnival. It's one of the largest
fest ivals in the world and many
people visit the city for two weeks 1n
January or February to enjoy it. They
come to celebrate winter and go to
fun attractions, including co lourful
street parades. Chantal loves the
carnival! She likes looking at the snow
sculptures but she doesn't want to
t ouch them - they are too cold! There
is also a canoe race across the icy St
Lawrence River but don't come to
watch it if you don't like cold weather!
The carnival mascot is Bonhomme, a
snowman in a red hat.
READING
1
Work in pairs. Describe what you can see in the
pictures. Use the words below.
canoe river snow
snowman parade
l
Choose the correct meaning for the words in the text.
A carnival is ...
a a big party that takes place on the streets.
b a dance show.
sculpture
2
2
Read the webpage and answer the questions.
1 When does the festival take place?
2 How long does it last?
3 What are the sculptures made of?
4 What is the name of the snowman?
19 Unit 2
Festivals
If you enjoy something you ...
a don't like it.
b have a good time.
3 Attractions are ...
a things you buy.
b things you look at.
4 An icy river is ...
a very cold.
b very warm.
5 A mascot ...
a brings good luck.
b brings bad luck.
GRAMMAR
LISTENING
PRESENT SIMPLE
You use the present simple to talk about things
which are always or generally true.
It's one of the largest festivals in the world.
You also use the present simple to talk about
habits or things you do regularly.
Every year she goes to the Quebec Winter Carnival.
The form of the present simple is the same for all
personal pronouns, except the third person he/
she / it
I I You I We I They live in Quebec.
He I she I it lives in Quebec.
~
GRAMMAR REFERENCE PAGE
138
1 Write the third-person form of the verbs below.
1
come enjoy go like live
say speak visit want
2
The carnival starts on ...
b Sunday.
a Saturday.
Choose the correct answers.
1
2
3
4
5
3
!I]) Listen to two students, Etsuko and Ahmed,
talking about the Quebec Winter Carnival. Circle
the correct answers.
2 Etsuko really wants to see ...
a the canoe race. b the ice palace.
c the snow bath.
I like I don't like winter! It's too cold!
She lives in Quebec and doesn't go I goes to
the carnival every year.
'I don't hove I hove a hat to wear!' 'Don't
worry! I can give you one!'
We wont / don't wont to watch the canoe
race. It's fun and exciting!
They speak I don 't speak two languages in
Quebec - English and French.
Complete the text. Use the correct form of the
words below.
enjoy come last look
take place want watch
People from all over Canada 1 _ _ to the
Quebec Winter Festival. It 2 _ _
every year in
January and 3 _ _ for two weeks. They 4 _ _
to celebrate winter and 5 _ _ many different
attractions. They 6 _ _ at beautiful snow
sculptures and 7 _ _ the famous canoe race.
Complete the sentence for you. Then work in pairs
and compare your sentences.
I wont I don't want to go to the Quebec Winter
Carnival because ...
c Thursday.
3 Ahmed likes ...
a watching sport.
c playing sport.
4
He doesn't have ...
a a hat
2
b cold weather.
b gloves.
c a scarf.
[LID listen again and choose T (true) or F (false).
1 Ahmed likes winter.
T/
2 Etsuko doesn't like the weather in Canada. T /
3 Ahmed doesn't want to see the ice palace. T /
4 Ahmed doesn't want to watch the canoe race.T /
5 Etsuko wants to have a bath in the snow.
T/
F
F
F
F
F
Uv;ng /El TS
TALKING ABOUT LIKES AND DISLIKES
~ listen and mark the stress in the sentences.
I really don't like winter.
I love it.
I like playing sport.
I hate watching sport in the cold!
[ID listen again and practise.
Unit 2 Festivals
m
VOCABULARY
PRON U NCtATION
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ADJECTIVES
SYLLABLE STRESS
1 Look at the adjectives below. Which have a
positive meaning and which have a negative
meaning? Put + or - next to each adjective.
1
awful
interesting
exciting
beautiful
colourful
fantastic
amazing
borin g
freezing
delicious
2
Which adjective can you use to describe
good food?
2 Which two adjectives mean 'very good'?
3 Whi ch adjective ca n you use to describe
something very bad?
4 Which adjective can you use to describe
something very cold?
3
Choose the correct word.
1 Mmm! This cake is delicious I awful.
2 The weather is perfect today! It's beautiful /
colourful.
3 You need to put a coat on before you go outside.
It's fantastic / freezing.
4 The end of the race is always interesting to watch.
It's very exciting I awful.
5 I think that's a fantastic / awful idea. Let's go to
the carnival together!
6 These snow sculptures are boring I amazing!
Each one is different.
4
Choose the odd one out.
1 awful
2 interesting
3 fantastic
4 colourful
5
amazing
awful
delicious
beautiful
fantasti c
boring
freezing
awful
Complete the sentences for you.
1
2
3
4
5
I think _ _ is delicious.
I think snow sculptures are _ _.
I think winter is _ _ .
I think canoe races are _ _ .
I think the snowman is _ _ .
m Unil 2
festival
2 winter
3 attraction
2
Work in pairs. Answer the questions.
Festivals
Match the words with the number of syllables.
l
'"().;. 1.10 l Listen
a 2
b 3
c 3
and put the words in the table.
Oo
Ooo
oOo
w1"ter
fest1vcd
attract10"
Practise saying the words.
READING
1
Work in pairs. Look at the photographs A-D. What
can you see? Tick the phrases below.
barbeque on the beach
firework display
D
D
masquerade party
picnic in the park
Complete with words from the passage.
: show that a day or event is important by
doing something special (paragraph A)
2 e_ _: something that is interesting and fun to
watch (paragraph B)
l m _ _ : very big (paragraph C)
4 i _ _ : very big or attractive (paragraph D)
1
D
D
l
@ Read the passage in three minutes. Number
the pictures in the order they are mentioned in
the passage.
3
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1 When is New Year's Day?
2 How do Australians spend New Year's Eve?
l In which two cities do the largest New Year
celebrations take place?
4 How many people watch the firework display
in Sydney?
5 Why are fireworks important in New Year
celebrations?
4
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
1 Are the New Year celebrations in Australia similar
or different to the way people celebrate New Year
in your country?
2 Would you like to celebrate New Year in Australia?
Why I Why not?
Many Australians celebrate New Year's Eve on
31 December each year. It is the day before New
Year' s Day, the 1 January. New Year's Eve is not
a public holiday in Australia but schools and
colleges are closed because it is a holiday period.
Some offices may also be closed because a lot of
people don't go to work during this time.
Many Australian cities have special New Year's
Eve events that include parades, music and
entertainment. Some people goto masquerade
parties. Other people have picnics in parks or
have special parties and barbeques in their own
homes or on boats and beaches.
C The largest New Year's Eve celebrations take
place in Sydney and Melbourne. In Sydney over
1.5 million people go to a massive firework
display with around sooo fireworks let off from
the bridge and from boats in the harbour.
O
Firework displays mark the end of the old year
and the beginning of the New Year. The largest
and most impressive firework displays are at
midnight on New Year's Eve. It is a way of
saying goodbye to the past and saying hello
to the future.
Unit 2 Festivals
m
LISTENING
1
Label the picture with the words in the box. Then
group the words under two headings: people
and things.
4
"OlJJ]J Listen
How often does the festival take place?
a every spring
b once a year
c every two years
clown float stall kite musician
puppet dancer acrobat
Read the poster and answer the questions.
l
1 What is the name of the festival?
2 When is it?
3 Where does it happen?
4 What tim e does it start?
5 How much does it cost?
l
0
0
0
0
D
"():;J J]] Listen to two friends, Fouad and Jing,
talking about the Festival of the Winds. Tick the
questions in activity 2 that they answer.
again and choose lWO answers.
2 Wh o ta kes part in the festival?
a kite fliers
b kite makers only
c people from all over the world
3 Which activity does Fouad want to do?
a make a kite
b watch a dance show
c visit the food stalls
4 How do Fouad and Jing decide to go to the festival?
a by car
b by train
c by bus
Sydney's most colourful
kite flying festival
Sunday 9th September
11am-4pm Bondi Beach
UJ Unit 2
Festivals
FREE!
GRAMMAR
PRESENT SIMPLE QUESTIONS AND
SHORT ANSWERS
5
1
2
3
4
5
You form present simple questions with the
auxiliary do or does and the base form of the verb.
Do I I you I we I they live in Australia? Yes, I I you I
we I they do. No, I I you I we I they don't.
Does he I she I it live in Australia? Yes, he I she I it
does. No, he I she I it doesn't
••@MMt-HU#J;M(iig.m1n:t
1
..,.-Choose the correct answers.
6
Answer the questions in activity 5 for you.
7
Complete the questions for these answers about
a festival.
Complete the questions with Do or Does.
1
2
3
4
5
3
_ _ you want to go to the festival?
_ _ your teacher wear a red hat?
_ _ the parades start here?
_ __ we have food for the picnic?
___ the race take place on the river?
Put the words in order to make questions.
1
2
3
4
5
4
What/ How kind of food do you like?
When I Where do you live?
What time /How long does your English class start?
When / How long does your English class last?
How much I Why does a newspaper cost in
your country?
When you form questions I negative sentences
in the present simple, you use the auxiliary
verb do or does.
2 The auxiliary comes before / after the subject
and the verb.
2
Choose the correct words.
French I you I speak I Do ?
have I she I Does I car I a 7
to I take I bus I want I the I they I Do ?
Sunday I the I start I Does I on I carnival ?
need I gloves I Do I some I I ?
Match the questions in activity 3 with the
short answers.
Yes, they do.
2 No, you don't.
3 Yes, it does.
4 Yes, I do.
5 No, she doesn't
Question words
Question word
Auxiliary Subject
What
When I Where I
What time /Why
How long
How much
do
does
you
do?
the parade take place?
do
does
they
last?
the festival cost?
1
2
3
4
5
Verb
8
_ __ is it called? Mardi Gras.
___ is it? In New Orleans.
_ __ is it? In February.
___ is it? Four days.
_ _ happens? There are street parades
and bands.
Work in pairs. Student A. tum to page 124.
Student 8, tum to page 126. Read the information.
Then ask and answer the questions in activity 3
about the festivals.
Unit 2 Festivals
DJ
SPEAKING
A SPECIAL
1
DAY OR EVENT
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
Does your country celebrat e a national day? If so,
when and how?
2 Do you think that national days are important?
Why? I Why not?
1
"'.();.; 1.12 ) Listen to Leah talking about National Day
in Singapore. Number the pictures in the order she
talks about them.
Think of special day or event. Make notes about it.
Think about ...
• what it is.
• wh en it is.
• what you do.
• why it is special for you.
Bridge to /El TS
J
~ l.12)
Listen again and answer the questions.
TASK CARDS
When is Singapore National Day?
a 9 August
b 19 August
c 29 August
2 Who does Leah celebrat e the day w ith?
a Her family only.
b Her friends only.
c Her family and friends.
l
What does she do to celebrate?
a She cooks for her fri ends.
b She dances in a show.
c She wat ches a parade.
4 Why is it an important day for her?
a She spends time w ith her family.
b She wears national costum e.
c She rem embers her country.
ElJ Unit 2
Festivals
In task 2 (individual long turn), the examiner gives
you a task card to talk about, a pencil and some
paper. You have one minute to think about the topic
and make notes to help you talk.
5
Work in pairs. Take turns to talk about the topic
card. Use the notes you made in activity 4 to
help you.
Describe a special day or event.
You should say:
- what it is
- when it is
- w hat you do
and explai n why it is specia l for you.
WRITING
WRITING SKILLS
DESCRIBING A FESTIVAL
PUNCTUATION
1
l
Work in pairs. Look at the picture and guess the
answers to the questions.
Read the text in activity 2 again. Complete the
sentences with these words.
Where is the festival?
a London
b Beijing
c Cairo
full stop
places
at the beginning of
a sentence.
2 You use a _ __ __ _ at the end of
a sentence.
3 You use capital letters for the names of
_ _ _ __ ____, people, _ _ __ __ and
countries.
a in January
bin August
c in November
Read the text and check your answers to the
questions in activity 1.
capital letter
1 You use a
2 When does it happen?
2
months
4
Rewrite the sentences with capital letters and
full stops.
:Jhc:....l:i~
=Hill
1
2
3
4
C
LoviJovi in file IA~ r t ttAl:;-GS P-llAU in /h!."JIAs± 4nd
lasts two da'iS 1Vien 4rG BoM"S Mid liolotArfJ.tl
my favourite festival takes place in thailand in april
leah comes from singapore
the festival doesn't happen in australia
he always spends time in quebec in january
Sira.t p.@ades wirti ll)IL\5.il;_fillJ dliirlliin~ :fuere
4re food s-balls 4n" people eiat Jr.liuioCAS fooJ...faun
5
Think of a festival. Make notes about it in the table.
411 over file world rt is 4 speljjal e v en± \?uialAse
people f0>tt1 11)14»1( Jj.ffere.,+ wlrure.s ~o to ±1r!e
fGsti\/Jal 4.,di+is f!dn
1
What is it?
2
Where is it?
3 When is it?
How long does it last?
4
s What happe ns?
6
What do people do?
7 Why is it special?
6
Complete the text. Use the notes you made in
activity 5.
The 1 _ _ is a special festival in 2 _ _ _ • It takes
place in 3 _ _ and lasts 4 _ _ • There are s _ __
and people 6 - - -· It is a special event because
7
Unit 2 Festivals
m
Review
Units 1and2
GRAMMAR
1
Work in pairs. Student A. look at the picture and
make questions using the words below. Student
B, tum to page 126 and answer Student A's
questions. Find the differences in the pictures.
Csilla
speak French?
./
x
enjoy sport?
x
./
come from a big city?
./
./
live in a flat?
x
./
like cold weather?
./
x
drive a black car?
x
x
./
study at weekends?
Jon
He
Csill a
She
5 They
6 He
7 They
1
l
3
4
1
l
3
4
5
6
7
2
a red sofa? Is there a red sofa?
two small windows?
blue walls?
a laptop on the desk?
yellow lamp?
four bookshelves?
two beds?
Choose the correct form to complete the
sentences.
Many Canadians celebrate New Year's Eve on 31
December - the day before the New Year ' begin /
begins on 1st January. It is a holiday period so a lot
of people 2 don 't go/ doesn 't go to work. Special
events 3 take place I takes place in many big cities.
Jon 4 live I lives in Toronto and 5 watch I watches a
big firework display. Some people 6 do / does winter
sports such as skiing and snowboarding. Jacques
7
come /comes from Quebec in Northern Canada.
He 8 spend I spends the night ice-fishing on a frozen
lake with his friends. He 9 love / loves cold weather!
3
_ _ Jon speak French?
_ _ they like hot weather?
_ _ Csilla like dogs?
_ _ he live in Canada?
_ _ she drive a black car?
_ _ they study at weekends?
m Review Units 1 and 2
French.
sport.
a black car.
cold weather.
at weekends.
in a flat.
from a big city.
4
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the same questions.
5
Read the table and complete the text with the
correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Name
Ana
NationalityI city
Spanish, Madrid
Age
20
Home
flat
Occupation
student
Interests
sport (tennis and basketball),
going out with friends
Languages
English and Spanish
Her name 1 _ _
(be) Ana and she is Spanish. She
(come) from Madrid, the capital of Spain.
_
_
She 3 _ _
(be) twenty years old and she 4 _ _
(live) in a big flat near the city centre. She 5 _ _
(study) engineering at university. She 6 _ _ (like)
sport; especially tennis and basketball. She also
7
_
_
(enjoy) reading and going out with friends.
Ana 8 _ _
(speak) two languages - English and
Spanish of course!
2
Complete the questions with do or does. Then
read the table and complete the sentences.
1
2
3
4
5
6
S?eak~
x
6
Now write about you!
VOCABULARY
1
Match the adjectives with their opposites.
1 comfortable
2 big
3 bright
noisy
5 cold
4
2
a
b
c
d
e
4
Choose TWO adjectives.
1 It's a really exciting I boring I interesting book.
I want to find out what happens at the end!
2 What a lovely dress! You look really beautiful I
awful/ amazing in it!
3 I love Japanese food. It's fantastic I delicious I boring.
4 Let's go to the parade. It's really colourful I boring I
beautiful to watch.
5 This party is really boring I interesting / awful.
I want to go home now.
quiet
dark
small
warm
uncomfortable
Complete the sentences with the verbs below.
chat
go out
introduce
meet
say
start
Bridge to /EL TS
1 Sergei is a new student too. Why don't you _ _
2
3
4
5
6
3
yourself to him?
How do you _ _ a conversation with someone
new? Do you talk about the weather?
I usually _ _ with my friends at the weekends.
We go to a club or watch a film.
Ana's over there. Let's go and _ _ to her.
It's a really friendly sports club. It's a great place to
_ _ new people.
Do you _ _ hello or hi when you meet friends
in the street?
TEST PREPARATION
1
Work in pairs. Write three things you know
about IELTS.
2
Read the passage and undertine any new
information.
3
Discuss your answers with the dass.
An international test
The International English Language Testing
System is a test of English language skills in an
academic situation. It takes two hours and fifty
four minutes to complete. It does not directly test
your grammar and vocabulary, but you need good
grammar and vocabulary to get a good score.
There are four parts to the test The first part is
listening, then reading followed by writing and
finally speaking. Scores are from 0 (no English) to
9 (native-speaker English). Bridge to IELTS helps
you prepare for all parts of the test
Complete the sentences with the words below.
awful boring colourful
fantastic freezi ng
delicious
1 This chocolate tastes really good. It's _ __
2 What _ _ weather! Let's stay here and
watch a movie on TV!
3 Look at the ice on the lake! It's _ _ _
4 What a _ _ idea! Let's go to the film together.
5 He's really dull and _ _. He talks about the
same things again and again.
6 Look at those fireworks! The sky is really _ _!
4
Work in pairs and answer the questions.
1 What part of the test do you think you are
good at?
l Why would you like to take the test?
LEARNING OUTSIDE CLASS
1
Work in small groups. Make a list of three ways
you can learn English outside the class.
2
Read the text and tick the things you do.
:J
Mohammed: I meet my friends at lunch and we
practise speaking togethe r in English. Sometimes
our English teacher meets us too. D
Daniel: I read books in English, easy books called
'reade rs' you can borrow from the library. D
These students tell us how they learn English after
class .. .
Lei: I like films, so I watch films in English with
•subtitles in my language. D
Sofia: I practise English on the Internet The re a re
lots of sites to practise gramma r and vocabulary. D
(' Subtitles: the words from the film in your language on the screen)
3
Choose one of the things from your list and the
passage and try them for next week.
4
In the next class, tell the other students what
you tried.
Review Units 1 and 2
m
VOCABULARY
ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE CHARACTER
l
Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and say which
words describe the people.
l
Complete the sentences with these words.
shy
friendly
sad
happy
intelligent
nervous
hardworking
talkative
warm
A person w ho works hard is _ _ _ _ __
people find it difficult to talk to
other people.
3 Wh en you are _ _ __ _ _, you like to speak
a lot.
2
Now match these words to their opposites 1-3.
confident
3
lazy
quiet
Circle the correct adjectives to complete the text.
Student
se rvices
Intelligent / Lazy students to join our
shy / hardworking team. We want
students who can talk to people easily
- are you 3 quiet / confident? Are you
4
friendly I sad with people? Help us
research how first-year students feel.
1
2
m Unit 3
Teamwork
Email: katrin@stud entservices.gla.ac.uk
4
Work in pairs. Use the words in activities 1 and 2
to describe yourself.
LISTENING
1
tO!Llil Listen to two students, Katrin and Li Bo
doing the questionnaire and circle their answe;s.
2
to=-IDJ Listen again and choose the correct answers.
I ' m a we.rm MJ frie11Jly perSo11 l?CA-t I'm 110-t
very ltlc.rzlwor_l::l
_·~
l'l"+·"-------------
5
1
Katrin wants to find out ...
a who does well in th eir first year.
b why Li Bo is busy.
2
Katrin thinks Li Bo ... going out.
a doesn't like
b likes
3
Li Bo feels .. . working in big groups.
a shy
b confident
Work in pairs. Do the Student services questionnaire.
Then turn to page 125 to work out your score.
Student
services
First-year student
experience
4 ~i Bo feels happy when his ... says his essay
1s good.
a tutor
b friend
New students often feel
shy or nervous when
they start university. We
want to know how
you feel. Please tick your
answers, a, b or c.
What do you say when friends ask you
to go somewhere with them?
a I always say yes.
b I sometimes say yes.
c I usually say no.
D
D
D
2 What do you do when someone starts a
conversation with you?
a I usually feel happy to talk.
b I try to finish the conversation quickly
- I'm not usually very talkative.
c I often feel shy.
D
D
D
3 Where do you usually like working
or studying?
a In a big group or class.
b In a small group.
c At my desk.
D
D
D
4 How do other people describe you?
a Talkative and confident.
b Warm and friendly.
c Thoughtful and quiet.
D
D
0
5 What do you do when someone says
something nice to you?
a I usually feel good and smile.
b I say something nice to them.
c I feel nervous and think they
want something.
D
D
D
Unit 3 Teamwork
m
