Perfect grammar Ngữ pháp luyện thi đại học , TOEIC

-ED and –ING Adjectives Exercise 1

Choose the correct adjective:

1. My nephew was (amusing / amused) by the clown.
2. It’s so (frustrating / frustrated)! No matter how much I study I can’t seem to
remember this vocabulary.
3. This lesson is so (boring / bored)!
4. I’m feeling (depressed / depressing), so I’m going to go home, eat some
chocolate, and go to bed early with a good book.
5. I thought her new idea was absolutely (fascinated / fascinating).
6. This maths problem is so (confusing / confused). Can you help me?
7. The teacher was really (amusing / amused) so the lesson passed quickly.
8. The journey was (exhausting / exhausted)! Twelve hours by bus.
9. The plane began to move in a rather (alarming / alarmed) way.
10. He was (frightening / frightened) when he saw the spider.
11. I was really (embarrassing / embarrassed) when I fell over in the street.
12. That film was so (depressing / depressed)! There was no happy ending for any
of the characters.
13. I’m sorry, I can’t come tonight. I’m completely (exhausting / exhausted).
14. We are going in a helicopter? How (exciting / excited)!
15. Don’t show my baby photos to people, Mum! It’s so (embarrassing /
embarrassed)!
16. It’s okay, it’s only me. Don’t be (alarming / alarmed).
17. My sister is so (exciting / excited) because she is going on holiday tomorrow.
18. I hate long flights, I’m always really (boring / bored).
19. She looked very (confusing / confused) when I told her we had to change the
plan.
20. John was (fascinated / fascinating) by Mandarin when he first started learning
languages. He decided to study more and now he can speak it fluently.

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Answers:

1. My nephew was amused by the clown.
2. It’s so frustrating! No matter how much I study I can’t seem to remember this
vocabulary.
3. This lesson is so boring!
4. I’m feeling depressed, so I’m going to go home, eat some chocolate, and go
to bed early with a good book.
5. I thought her new idea was absolutely fascinating.
6. This maths problem is so confusing. Can you help me?
7. The teacher was really amusing so the lesson passed quickly.
8. The journey was exhausting! Twelve hours by bus.
9. The plane began to move in a rather alarming way.
10. He was frightened when he saw the spider.
11. I was really embarrassed when I fell over in the street.
12. That film was so depressing! There was no happy ending for any of the
characters.
13. I’m sorry, I can’t come tonight. I’m completely exhausted.
14. We are going in a helicopter? How exciting!
15. Don’t show my baby photos to people, Mum! It’s so embarrassing!
16. It’s okay, it’s only me. Don’t be alarmed.
17. My sister is so excited because she is going on holiday tomorrow.
18. I hate long flights, I’m always really bored.
19. She looked very confused when I told her we had to change the plan.
20. John was fascinated by Mandarin when he first started learning languages. He
decided to study more and now he can speak it fluently.

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-ED and –ING Adjectives Exercise 2
Choose the correct adjective:

1. I am so (relaxing / relaxed) I don’t want to move.
2. I find horror films really (frightening / frightened) and not at all fun to watch.
3. Sometimes I get really (frustrating / frustrated) when I can’t express myself
well in English.
4. We were stopped by a man with a knife who took our money. It was
(terrifying / terrified).
5. The programme was really (interesting / interested).
6. She was (overwhelming / overwhelmed) when everyone cheered and we gave
her presents.
7. If I feel stressed, I find taking a bath is often (relaxing / relaxed).
8. I am really (tiring / tired); I think I’ll go to bed.
9. He’s very (interesting / interested) in history.
10. The trip was (overwhelming / overwhelmed), with so many things to do and it
was all so new.
11. She is never (satisfying / satisfied) with her work.
12. Cleaning is so (tiring / tired)! I think I’ll have a rest!
13. She thought the ride on the rollercoaster was (thrilled / thrilling).
14. I was really (surprising / surprised) when I saw you. I had thought you were on
holiday.
15. My grandmother was (shocking / shocked) by the man’s bad language.
16. My niece is (terrifying / terrified) of dogs.
17. Thank you so much for the prize! I’m (thrilled / thrilling)!

18. My job is very (satisfying / satisfied), I love helping people.
19. The news was so (shocking / shocked) that she burst into tears.
20. My exam results were great! It’s really (surprising / surprised) but good, of
course

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Answers:

1. I am so relaxed I don’t want to move.
2. I find horror films really frightening and not at all fun to watch.
3. Sometimes I get really frustrated when I can’t express myself well in English.
4. We were stopped by a man with a knife who took our money. It was
terrifying.
5. The programme was really interesting.
6. She was overwhelmed when everyone cheered and we gave her presents.
7. If I feel stressed, I find taking a bath is often relaxing.
8. I am really tired; I think I’ll go to bed.
9. He’s very interested in history.
10. The trip was overwhelming, with so many things to do and it was all so new.
11. She is never satisfied with her work.
12. Cleaning is so tiring! I think I’ll have a rest!
13. She thought the ride on the rollercoaster was thrilling.
14. I was really surprised when I saw you. I had thought you were on holiday.
15. My grandmother was shocked by the man’s bad language.
16. My niece is terrified of dogs.
17. Thank you so much for the prize! I’m thrilled!
18. My job is very satisfying, I love helping people.

19. The news was so shocking that she burst into tears.
20. My exam results were great! It’s really surprising but good, of course!

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Participle Adjectives Long List
Here’s a list of participle adjectives (-ed and -ing adjectives) in English. Remember, we
usually use the past participle (-ed) to talk about someone’s feelings and the present
participle (-ing) to talk about cause of the feeling.

past participle (-ed)

present participle (-ing)

alarmed

alarming

aggravated

aggravating

amazed

amazing

amused

amusing

annoyed

annoying

astonished

astonishing

astounded

astounding

bewildered

bewildering

bored

boring

captivated

captivating

challenged

challenging

charmed

charming

comforted

comforting

concerned

concerning

confused

confusing

convinced

convincing

depressed

depressing

devastated

devastating

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disappointed

disappointing

discouraged

discouraging

disgusted

disgusting

distressed

distressing

disturbed

disturbing

embarrassed

embarrassing

enchanted

enchanting

encouraged

encouraging

energise

energising

entertained

entertaining

exasperated

exasperating

excited

exciting

exhausted

exhausting

fascinated

fascinating

flattered

flattering

frightened

frightening

frustrated

frustrating

fulfilled

fulfilling

gratified

gratifying

horrified

horrifying

humiliated

humiliating

inspired

inspiring

insulted

insulting

interested

interesting

intrigued

intriguing

irritated

irritating

mystified

mystifying

moved

moving

overwhelmed

overwhelming

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perplexed

perplexing

perturbed

perturbing

pleased

pleasing

puzzled

puzzling

relaxed

relaxing

satisfied

satisfying

shocked

shocking

sickened

sickening

soothed

soothing

surprised

surprising

tempted

tempting

terrified

terrifying

threatened

threatening

thrilled

thrilling

tired

tiring

touched

touching

troubled

troubling

unnerved

unnerving

unsettled

unsettling

upset

upsetting

worried

worrying

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Participle Adjectives Short List
-ing adjectives

-ed adjectives

alarming

alarmed

What an alarming noise!

I was alarmed by the loud bang.

amusing

amused

That TV programme is really amusing.

He was amused to hear his little son singing
in the bath.

boring

bored

I’ve never seen such a boring film!

The students looked bored as the teacher
talked and talked.

confusing

confused

I find these instructions very confusing!

I was confused, because I asked two people

Could you come and help me?

and they told me two different things.

depressing

depressed

This weather is depressing! Is it ever going I was feeling depressed, so I stayed at home
to stop raining?

with hot chocolate and a good book.

embarrassing

embarrassed

That is the most embarrassing photo! I

John was really embarrassed when he fell

look terrible!

over in front of his new girlfriend.

exciting

excited

It’s a really exciting book. I couldn’t wait

I’m so excited! I’m going on holiday

to find out what happened at the end.

tomorrow!

exhausting

exhausted

I hate doing housework! It’s exhausting!

Julie was so exhausted after her exams, she

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spent the next three days sleeping.
fascinating

fascinated

The brain is fascinating, isn’t it? It’s

Joan was fascinated by hr grandmother’s

amazing how much it can do.

stories of life in the 1920s.

frightening

frightened

What a frightening film! I don’t want to

I was really frightened of bees when I was

walk home on my own now!

little, but I don’t mind them now.

frustrating

frustrated

It’s frustrating when you want to say

I tried all morning to send an email, but it

something in another language, but you

wouldn’t work. I was so frustrated!

don’t know the word.
interesting

interested

That was a very interesting book.

She’s interested in animals, so she’s
thinking of studying to be a vet.

overwhelming

overwhelmed

I find London a bit overwhelming. It’s so

Julie felt overwhelmed. She’d moved house,

busy and noisy.

got a new job and was learning to drive, all
at the same time.

relaxing

relaxed

A nice hot bath is so relaxing after a long

She was so relaxed, sitting in front of the

day.

fire, that she didn’t want to move.

satisfying

satisfied

John loves his new job as a teacher. He

I’m very satisfied that I managed to order

says it’s very satisfying when he makes a

the meal in French.

student understand.
shocking

shocked

What a shocking crime! It’s terrible.

I was shocked when my co-worked admitted

stealing some money.

surprising

surprised

It’s surprising how many people don’t want to

She was surprised when she arrived at her

travel to another country.

class and found the other students doing an

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exam. She’d thought it was a normal lesson.
terrifying

terrified

What a terrifying dog! It’s huge!

My little son is terrified of the dark. We
always leave a light on in his room at night.

thrilling

thrilled

What thrilling music! It’s some of the

I was thrilled to win first prize in the

most beautiful I’ve ever heard.

competition.

tiring

tired

My job is really tiring. I often don’t get

David’s too tired to come to the cinema

home until 10pm.

tonight. He’s going to go to bed early.

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The Zero Conditional
Make zero conditionals:

For example:
(not / rain / the flowers / die)
____ If it doesn’t rain, the flowers die.______________________________________

1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)
_______________________________________________________________
2. (my husband / cook / he / burn the food)
_______________________________________________________________
3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)
_______________________________________________________________
4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)
_______________________________________________________________
5. (you / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock)
_______________________________________________________________
6. (people / eat / too many sweets / they / get fat)
_______________________________________________________________
7. (you / smoke / you / get yellow fingers)
_______________________________________________________________
8. (children / play outside / they / not get overweight)
_______________________________________________________________
9. (you / heat ice / it / melt)
_______________________________________________________________
10. (I / speak to John / he / get annoyed)
_______________________________________________________________

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For example:

he / get a headache / he / use the computer too much
______He gets a headache if he uses the computer too much.____________________

11. (I / feel good the next day / I / go to bed early)
_______________________________________________________________
12. (lots of people / come / Jenny / have a party)
_______________________________________________________________
13. (she / buy expensive clothes / she / go shopping)
_______________________________________________________________
14. (my daughter / pass her exams / she / work hard)
_______________________________________________________________
15. (David / be sick / he / drink milk)
_______________________________________________________________
16. (the river / freeze / it / be very cold)
_______________________________________________________________
17. (I / like to visit the museums / I / be in a new city)
_______________________________________________________________
18. (I / cycle to work / the weather / be fine)
_______________________________________________________________
19. (my flatmate / clean it really well / she / clean the house)
_______________________________________________________________
20. (everybody / be grumpy / it / rain a lot)
_______________________________________________________________

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Answers:
1. If I wake up late, I’m late for work.

2. If my husband cooks, he burns the food.
3. If Julie doesn’t wear a hat, she gets sunstroke.
4. If children don’t eat well, they aren’t healthy.
5. If you mix water and electricity, you get a shock.
6. If people eat too many sweets, they get fat.
7. If you smoke, you get yellow fingers.
8. If children play outside, they don’t get overweight.
9. If you heat ice, it melts.
10. If I speak to John, he gets annoyed.
11. I feel good the next day if I go to bed early.
12. Lots of people come if Jenny has a party.
13. She buys expensive clothes if she goes shopping.
14. My daughter passes her exams if she works hard.
15. David is sick if he drinks milk.
16. The river freezes if it’s very cold.
17. I like to visit the museums if I am in a new city.
18. I cycle to work if the weather is fine.
19. My flatmate cleans really well if she cleans the house.
20. Everybody is grumpy if it rains a lot.

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First Conditional Exercise
Put the verb into the correct first conditional form:

1. If I __________________ (go) out tonight, I __________________ (go) to the
cinema.
2. If you __________________ (get) back late, I __________________ (be)

angry.
3. If we __________________ (not / see) each other tomorrow, we
__________________ (see) each other next week.
4. If he __________________ (come), I __________________ (be) surprised.
5. If we __________________ (wait) here, we __________________ (be) late.
6. If we __________________ (go) on holiday this summer, we
__________________ (go) to Spain.
7. If the weather __________________ (not / improve), we
__________________ (not / have) a picnic.
8. If I __________________ (not / go) to bed early, I __________________ (be)
tired tomorrow.
9. If we __________________ (eat) all this cake, we __________________
(feel) sick.
10. If you __________________ (not / want) to go out, I __________________
(cook) dinner at home.

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11. I __________________ (come) early if you __________________ (want).
12. They __________________ (go) to the party if they __________________
(be) invited.
13. She __________________ (stay) in London if she __________________ (get)
a job.
14. He __________________ (not / get) a better job if he __________________
(not / pass) that exam.
15. I __________________ (buy) a new dress if I __________________ (have)
enough money.
16. She __________________ (cook) dinner if you __________________ (go) to

the supermarket.
17. They __________________ (go) on holiday if they __________________
(have) time.
18. We __________________ (be) late if we __________________ (not / hurry).
19. She __________________ (take) a taxi if it __________________ (rain).
20. I __________________ (not / go) if you __________________ (not / come)
with me.

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First Conditional Answers
(‘ll = will, won’t = will not)

1. If I go out tonight, I'll go to the cinema.
2. If you get back late, I'll be angry.
3. If we don’t see each other tomorrow, we'll see each other next week.
4. If he comes, I'll be surprised.
5. If we wait here, we'll be late.
6. If we go on holiday this summer, we’ll go to Spain.
7. If the weather doesn’t improve, we won't have a picnic.
8. If I don’t go to bed early, I'll be tired tomorrow.
9. If we eat all this cake, we'll feel sick.
10. If you don’t want to go out, I'll cook dinner at home.
11. I’ll come early if you want.
12. They’ll go to the party if they are invited.
13. She’ll stay in London if she gets a job.
14. He won’t get a better job if he doesn't pass that exam.
15. I’ll buy a new dress if I have enough money.

16. She’ll cook dinner if you go to the supermarket.
17. They’ll go on holiday if they have time.
18. We’ll be late if we don't hurry.
19. She’ll take a taxi if it rains.
20. I won’t go if you don't come with me.

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Second Conditional Exercise

Second Conditionals - put the verb into the correct tense:

1. If I _________________ (be) you, I _________________ (get) a new job.
2. If he _________________ (be) younger, he _________________ (travel)
more.
3. If we _________________ (not / be) friends, I _________________ (be)
angry with you.
4. If I _________________ (have) enough money, I _________________ (buy)
a big house.
5. If she _________________ (not / be) always so late, she _________________
(be) promoted.
6. If we _________________ (win) the lottery, we _________________ (travel)
the world.
7. If you _________________ (have) a better job, we _________________ (be)
able to buy a new car
8. If I _________________ (speak) perfect English, I _________________
(have) a good job.

9. If we _________________ (live) in Mexico, I _________________ (speak)
Spanish.
10. If she _________________ (pass) the exam, she _________________ (be)
able to enter university.

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11. She _________________ (be) happier if she _________________ (have)
more friends.
12. We _________________ (buy) a house if we _________________ (decide) to
stay here.
13. They _________________ (have) more money if they _________________
(not / buy) so many clothes
14. We _________________ (come) to dinner if we _________________ (have)
time.
15. She _________________ (call) him if she _________________ (know) his
number.
16. They _________________ (go) to Spain on holiday if they _______________
(like) hot weather.
17. She _________________ (pass) the exam if she _________________ (study)
more.
18. I _________________ (marry) someone famous if I _________________ (be)
a movie star.
19. We never _________________ (be) late again if we _________________
(buy) a new car.
20. You _________________ (lose) weight if you _________________ (eat) less.

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Second Conditional Exercise Answers (remember: you can write would or ‘d):

1. If I were you, I would get a new job.
2. If he were younger, he would travel more.
3. If we weren’t friends, I would be angry with you.
4. If I had enough money, I would buy a big house.
5. If she weren’t always so late, she would be promoted.
6. If we won the lottery, we would travel the world.
7. If you had a better job, we would be able to buy a new car
8. If I spoke perfect English, I would have a good job.
9. If we lived in Mexico, I would speak Spanish.
10. If she passed the exam, she would be able to enter university.
11. She would be happier if she had more friends.
12. We would buy a house if we decided to stay here.
13. They would have more money if they didn't buy so many clothes
14. We would come to dinner if we had time.
15. She would call him if she knew his number.
16. They would go to Spain on holiday if they liked hot weather.
17. She would pass the exam if she studied more.
18. I would marry someone famous if I were a movie star.
19. We would never be late again if we bought a new car.
20. You would lose weight if you ate less.

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Third Conditionals

Put in the correct third conditional verb form:

1. If you ______________ (not / be) late, we ______________ (not / miss) the
bus.
2. If she ______________ (study), she ______________ (pass) the exam.
3. If we ______________ (arrive) earlier, we ______________ (see) John.
4. If they ______________ (go) to bed early, they ______________ (not / wake)
up late.
5. If he ______________ (become) a musician, he ______________ (record) a
CD.
6. If she ______________ (go) to art school, she ______________ (become) a
painter.
7. If I ______________ (be) born in a different country, I ______________
(learn) to speak a different language.
8. If she ______________ (go) to university, she ______________ (study)
French.
9. If we ______________ (not / go) to the party, we ______________ (not /
meet) them.
10. If he ______________ (take) the job, he ______________ (not / go) travelling.

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11. He ______________ (be) happier if he ______________ (stay) at home.
12. She ______________ (pass) the exam if she ______________ (study) harder.
13. We ______________ (not / get) married if we ______________ (not / go) to

the same university.
14. They ______________ (be) late if they ______________ (not / take) a taxi.
15. She ______________ (not / meet) him if she ______________ (not / come) to
London.
16. He ______________ (take) a taxi if he ______________ (have) enough
money.
17. I ______________ (call) you if I ______________ (not / forget) my phone.
18. We ______________ (come) if we ______________ (be) invited.
19. She ______________ (not / do) it if she ______________ (know) you were ill.
20. He ______________ (be) on time if he ______________ (leave) earlier.

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Third Conditional Answers (remember you can use had or ‘d AND would or ‘d):

1. If you hadn’t been late, we wouldn't have missed the bus.
2. If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.
3. If we had arrived earlier, we would have seen John.
4. If they had gone to bed early, they wouldn't have woken up late.
5. If he had become a musician, he would have recorded a CD.
6. If she had gone to art school, she would have become a painter.
7. If I had been born in a different country, I would have learnt to speak a
different language.
8. If she had gone to university, she would have studied French.
9. If we hadn’t gone to the party, we wouldn't have met them.
10. If he had taken the job, he wouldn't have gone travelling.
11. He would have been happier if he had stayed at home.
12. She would have passed the exam if she had studied harder.

13. We wouldn’t have got married if we hadn't gone to the same university.
14. They would have been late if they hadn't taken a taxi.
15. She wouldn’t have met him if she hadn't come to London.
16. He would have taken a taxi if he had had enough money.
17. I would have called you if I hadn't forgotten my phone.
18. We would have come if we had been invited.
19. She wouldn’t have done it if she had known you were ill.
20. He would have been on time if he had left earlier.

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Gerunds and Infinitives Part 1
Put the verb into the correct form:

1. I don’t fancy ______________ (go) out tonight.
2. She avoided ______________ (tell) him about her plans.
3. I would like ______________ (come) to the party with you.
4. He enjoys ______________ (have) a bath in the evening.
5. She kept ______________ (talk) during the film.
6. I am learning ______________ (speak) English.
7. Do you mind ______________ (give) me a hand?
8. She helped me ______________ (carry) my suitcases.
9. I’ve finished ______________ (cook). Come and eat!
10. He decided ______________ (study) Biology.
11. I dislike ______________ (wait).
12. He asked ______________ (come) with us.
13. I promise ______________ (help) you tomorrow.

14. We discussed ______________ (go) to the cinema, but in the end we stayed at
home.
15. She agreed ______________ (bring) the pudding.
16. I don’t recommend ______________ (take) the bus, it takes forever!
17. We hope ______________ (visit) Amsterdam next month.
18. She suggested ______________ (go) to the museum.
19. They plan ______________ (start) college in the autumn.
20. I don’t want ______________ (leave) yet.

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Answers:

1. going
2. telling
3. to come
4. having
5. talking
6. to speak
7. giving
8. to carry
9. cooking
10. to study
11. waiting
12. to come
13. to help
14. going
15. to bring

16. taking
17. to visit
18. going
19. to start
20. to leave

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Gerunds and Infinitives Part 2
Put the verb into the gerund or the infinitive with ‘to’:

1. She delayed ______________ (get) out of bed.
2. He demanded ______________ (speak) to the manager.
3. I offered ______________ (help).
4. I miss ______________ (go) to the beach.
5. We postponed ______________ (do) our homework.
6. I’d hate ______________ (arrive) too late.
7. She admitted ______________ (steal) the money.
8. I chose ______________ (work) here.
9. She waited ______________ (buy) a drink.
10. I really appreciate ______________ (be) on holiday.
11. I couldn’t help ______________ (laugh).
12. It seems ______________ (be) raining.
13. I considered ______________ (move) to Spain.
14. They practised ______________ (speak).
15. Finally I managed ______________ (finish) the work.
16. I really can’t stand ______________ (wait) for the bus.

17. Unfortunately, we can’t afford ______________ (buy) a new car this year.
18. She risked ______________ (be) late.
19. I’d love ______________ (come) with you.
20. I prepared ______________ (go) on holiday.

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