linh lucky forever and ever

Give the correct form of the word in block capitals in the gaps in the following sentences.
1. It’s veryunhealthy.....................................to live in a damp room.
HEALTH
2. He promised to come but he’s very...unreliable........................
REPLY.
3. His....behavior..............................has not improved much.
BEHAVE
4. You shouldn’t talk about her character only through her...appearance............ APPEAR
5. By recycling we can save.....natural....................resources.
NATURE
6. Our teacher always....courages
...................us to work hard.
COURAGE
7. There are some buses to.southern........................destinations.
SOUTH
8. Ants and bees are described as industrial
...............insects.
INDUSTRY

9. He doesn’t agree with the...belief.....................that there is life on the other planets.
BELIEVE
10. He is a very nice shop and the assistants are all very...........helpull...............HELP
11. What’s the correct......pronouciation.................of this word?
PRONOUCE
12. These hats are smart, but they are very...un comfortable....................
COMFORT
13. She lives in a........mountainous.......................are of the country.
MOUNTAIN
14. We are waiting for the......arrival...................of this plane.
ARRIVE
15. Always read a label on a product, it can give you some

useful..informaytion............INFORM
16. A letter should always ends with the....signature......................of the river
SIGN
17. Every woman nowadays seems to want to lose.............................WEIGH
18. The......................is that the plan will fail.
CONCLUDE
19. He is possibly the most...successful.......................tennis player of the time SUCCESS
20. Many people still refuse to believe that the smoking is .harmfull...............HARM
21. Venus is just slightly smaller than the Earth and has a very similar..chemiscal....................
composition.
CHEMIST.
22. The planet Venus has a surface..pressure............about 90 times that of the Earth. PRESS
23. The sun is powered byb thermo-nuclear...reaction.......................near its centre that change
hydrogen into helium.
REACT
24. Even though Thomas was a honest........................, I would never vote for him.
POLITICS
25. The...........................escaped from the prison.
CRIME
26. The office staff decided to have a .................party for Mr. Thomas. RETIRE
27. When the police found the thief, they also found the.......merchandise. STEAL
28. B.c she is a........................, she doesn’t eat meat.
VEGETABLE
29. I am a married man, so I have many...........................
RESPONSIBLE
30. There are many.........................in the research laboratory
EQUIP.
31. Recycling of wastes is on of the................solutions for pollution. PRACTICE
32. Road accident is one of our serious.................problems nowadays. SOCIETY
33. Sir Isaac Newton was an English.....................scientist.

STAND
34. The................ for modern school takes a lot of money.
EQUIP
35. It seems possible.................to inhabit on the dark side of the moon. POSSIBLE

PASSIVE VOICE

Exercise 1 : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa
1/ They are building a new bridge at the moment. → A new bridge ................................................
2/ Somebody has taken away some of my books. → Some of my books ......................................
3/ The chief engineer was instructing all the workers how to use the machines.→ All the workers
4/ They can't make tea with cold water. → Tea ...............................................................................

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5/ They will hold the meeting before May Day. The meeting ....................................................
6/ They have to repair the engine of the car. The engine ...........................................................
7/ People spend a lot of money on advertising every year. A lot ...................................................
8/ The boys broke the windows and took away some pictures. The window ..............................
9/ They may use this room for the classroom. This room.............................................................
10/ Our teacher is going to tell a story. A story ..........................................................................
11/ Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife. The cake .........................................................
12/ The children looked at the woman with a red hat. The woman..............................................
13/ You mustn't use this machine after 5.30. This machine .......................................................
14/ Luckily for me, they didn't call my name. Luckily for me,.................................................
15/ I knew that they had told him of the meeting. I knew ...........................................................
16/ Nobody has ever treated me with such kindness. I ...............................................................
17/ Do they teach English here ? Is ..............................................................................................
18/ Did your teacher give you some exercises ? Were ...............................................................

19/ Have they changed the window of the laboratory ? Has ......................................................
20/ Will the buses bring the children home ? Will ......................................................................
21/ How can they open this safe ? How .......................................................................................
22/ Why didn't they help him ? Why ..........................................................................................
23/ What books are people reading this year ? What books .......................................................
24/ Someone should look into the matter. The matter ................................................................
25/ The police advise drivers to use an alternative rout. Drivers ................................................
26/ The bank manager kept me waiting for half an hour. I ..........................................................
27/ He wants someone to take some photographs. He wants .....................................................
28/ He likes people to call him "sir". He likes ...........................................................................
29/ She hates people looking at her. She ....................................................................................
30/ I don't like people making fun of me. I ..................................................................................
IV/ Một số trờng hợp đổi đặc biệt
1. Câu có 2 tân ngữ
- My father gave an English book to me. = I was given an English book by my father.
= An English book was given to me by my father.
2. Câu có 2 cách đổi
Các động từ sau đợc sử dụng trong loại câu này nh : say, think, know, believe, report ( thông báo, báo cáo),
consider ( cho rằng ), acknowledge ( thừa nhận) ...
Eg1 : - They say that Mr Pike works in a big company.
Cách 1 : - It is said that Mr Pike works in a big company.
Cách 2 : - Mr Pike is said to work in a big company. ( Ngời ta nói Ông Pike làm việc cho một công ty lớn)
Eg2 : - They say that Mr Ron is living abroad now.
Cách 1 : - It is said that Mr Ron is living abroad.
Cách2 : - Mr Ron is said to be living abroad now. ( Ông Ron đợc ngời ta nói là đang sống ở nớc ngoài)
Eg3 : - People believe that Mrs Ha has left her job. ( Mọi ngời nghĩ rằng Bà Hà đã bỏ việc)
Cách 1 : - It is thought that Mrs Ha has left her job.
Cách 2 : - Mrs Ha is thought to have left her job.
3. They didn't mention any names.( Họ không nhắc tới cái tên nào cả)
= No names were mentioned.( Không có cái tên nào đợc nhắc tới)

4. Who wrote this book ?
= By whom was this book written ? = Whom was this book written by ?
5. My father lets me watch TV in the evening.( Bố tôi để cho tôi xem TV vào buổi tối)
= I am let watch TV in the evening by my mother.
6. Our father made us work hard.( Bố chúng tôi bắt chúng tôi phải làm việc tích cực)
= We were made to work hard by our father.
7. They saw him come in. ( Họ đã nhìn thấy anh ta đi vào ) = He was seen to come in.
8. They saw him coming in. ( Họ nhìn thấy anh ta đang đi vào)
= He was seen coming in.
9. I remember that my father took me to the zoo last month.
= I remember my father taking me to the zoo last month
( Tôi nhớ là bố tôi đã đa tôi tới vờn thú vào tháng trớc)
= I remember being taken to the zoo last month by my father.( Tôi nhớ đã đợc bố đa tới vờn thú tháng trớc )
10. You should know how to drive. ( Bạn cần phải biết lái xe.)
- It is your duty to know how to drive. = You are supposed to know how to drive.
Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences

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1/ The teacher gave each of us two exercise books. Each .........................................................
2/ People believe that number 13 is unlucky number. Number 13...............................................
3/ People know that English is an international language. English .............................................
4/ People think that Jack London's life and writings represent the American love of adventures.
Jack London's life and writings ...............................................................................................
5/ They say that John is the brightest student in the class. John ...................................................
6/ People think that he has died a natural death. He .....................................................................
7/ They reported that the troops were coming. The troops ..........................................................
8/ People say that he left the town some hours ago. He ...............................................................
9/ People saw Mr Lake steal your car. Mr Lake ........................................................................

10/ We won't let you do that silly thing again. You ..............................................................
11/ People here don't make their children work hard. Their children........................................
12/ You need to have your hair cut. Your hair ..........................................................................
13/ It's your duty to do this work. You .......................................................................................
14/ I remember my brother taking me to the park. I remember ...............................................
15/ They didn't pay me for the work ; they expected me to do it for nothing. I...........................
16/ You should have taken these books back to the library. These books ...................................
17/ People consider that she is the best singer that Australia has ever produced. She .................
18/ They will continue to use it. It ...........................................................................................
19/ Peter objects to people laughing at him. Peter .....................................................................
20/ Who wrote this book ? By ..................................................................................................
21/ There is a rumour that the criminal is living in town. The criminal ....................................
22/ People saw him climbing over the wall. He ......................................................................
23/ They offered me a job yesterday. I ......................................................................................
A job .........................................................................................................................................
24/ Why did no one inform me of the change of the plan ? Why wasn't .................................?
25/ Did the idea interest you ? Were .......................................................................................?
26/ They say that her smile hides a secret. It ..............................................................................
27/ They said that the company was losing a lot of money. The company ................................
28/ People think that an apple a day is good for you. An apple ..................................................
29/ Someone saw them dumping rubbish. They ........................................................................

Relative Clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ)

I/ Relative Pronouns ( Đại từ quan hệ)
1. Which ( Cái mà, điều mà ...)
* Đại từ quan hệ which thay thế cho danh từ, đại từ chỉ vật làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
Eg1 : - This is the book. I bought it yesterday.= This is the book which I bought yesterday.( Đây là cuốn sách mà
tôi mua ngày hôm qua)
- Which đóng vai trò là tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.

- Mệnh đề quan hệ which I bought yesterday làm nhiệm vụ xác định cho danh từ đứng trớc nó.
Eg 2 : The book which is on the table belongs to our teacher. ( Cuốn sách ở trên bàn thuộc về thầy giáo của
chúng tôi)
- Which đóng vai trò là chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
* Notes : - Nếu which đóng vai trò là tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ thì ta có thể bỏ which đi.
Eg : This is the book which I bought yesterday = This is the book I bought yesterday.
- Which có thể thay cho cả một câu, lúc đó ta phải dùng dấu phẩy trớc which.
Eg : - He often goes out at night. This makes his wife angry.
= He often goes out at night, which makes his wife angry.( Anh ta thờng đi chơi vào buổi tối, điều đó làm cho vợ
anh ta rất bực mình)
2. Who (Ngời mà)
* Who là đại từ quan hệ thay thế cho danh từ hoặc đại từ chỉ ngời làm chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
Eg : - The man comes from China. He is sitting at the door. = The man who is sitting at the door comes from
China.( Ngời đàn ông ngồi ở cửa đến từ Trung quốc)
3. Whom

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* Đại từ quan hệ whom thay cho danh từ hoặc đại từ chỉ ngời làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
Eg : - The man comes from China. My father is talking to him = The man whom my father is talking to comes
from China.( Ngời đàn ông bố tôi mà đang nói chuyện với đến từ Trung Quốc)
* Ta có thể để giới từ đứng trớc whom.
Eg : - The man to whom my father is .......
- Ta có thể bỏ " whom" đi.
Eg : - The man my father is talking to comes from China.
* Ta có thể thay whom = who trong văn nói khi giới từ đứng sau.
Eg : - The man who my father is talking to comes from China.
4. That
* That là đại từ quan hệ thay thế cho danh từ chỉ ngời hoặc vật làm tân ngữ hoặc chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan

hệ.
Eg : The book that I bought yesterday is interesting.
The man that came to your house yesterday is Nam's brother.
* That thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ ngời và vật
Eg : - We saw many people and cows that went to the forest.
* Notes : Không dùng that để thay cho danh từ đã đợc xác định.
Eg : Không nói : Mr Pike, that is old , is my teacher.
*Không dùng that để thay thế cho cả câu.
Eg : Không nói : He often goes out at night, that makes ......
* Không dùng giới từ trớc that.
Eg : Không nói : The man to that my father is talking to ...
* That đợc dùng trong câu nhấn mạnh
It + to be +( cụm) danh từ / cụm từ / mệnh đề + that .......
Eg : - It's this book that makes me happy. ( Chính là cuốn sách này đã làm tôi vui)
- It's in Ha Noi that we met each other. ( Chính tại Hà nội chúng tôi đã gặp nhau)
5. Whose
Whose là đại từ quan hệ chỉ sở hữu thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu (his, her, their) hoặc danh từ sở hữu cách.Sau
whose là danh từ.
Eg : - The man has just phoned the police. His car was stolen near the market.
= The man whose car was stolen near the market has just phoned the police. (Ngời dàn ông mà xe của ông ấy bị
đánh cắp gần chợ vừa mới gọi điện cho cảnh sát)
- The house is on sale. Its doors are green. = The house whose doors are green is on sale. ( Ngôi nhà có cửa
màu xanh đang đợc rao bán)
* Khi dùng với danh từ chỉ vật, ta có thể thay whose = of which
Eg : - The house the doors of which are green is on sale.
II/ Relative Adverbs ( Trạng từ quan hệ)
1. Where ( Nơi mà)
- Trạng từ quan hệ where thay thế cho trạng từ trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn there, in this house, at the beach ...
Eg : - The house is very old. He was born in this house.
= The house where he was born is very old.( Ngôi nhà nơi ông ấy sinh ra rất cổ kính)

= The house in which he was born is very old.
where = in / at which
2. When ( Khi mà )
* Trạng từ quan hệ when thay thế cho trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian.
Eg : - The day was nice. They met on that day.
= The day when they met was nice.( Cái ngày mà họ gặp nhau thật là đẹp)
= The day on which they met was nice.
when = on/ in which
Ta có thể thay when bằng that hoặc bỏ when đi.
Eg : The day when they met was nice. = The day that they met was nice. = The day they met was nice.
3. Why ( Lý do mà)
Eg : - The reason why he refused to go with us was unknown. ( Lý do mà anh ta từ chối di với chúng tôi thì
không đợc biết)
= The reason for which he refused to go ..........
why = for which
Ta có thể thay why bằng that hoặc có thể bỏ why đi.
Eg : - The reason why he refused to go with us was unknown. = The reason that he refused to go with us was
unknown. = The reason he refused to go with us was unknown.
III. Trờng hợp dùng dấu phẩy với mệnh đề quan hệ
Ta dùng dấu phẩy với mệnh đề quan hệ khi đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ thay cho danh từ, cụm từ đã đợc xác định
(Mr Pike, my father, Hanoi, their ball, in his house ....)
Mệnh đề quan hệ trong trờng hợp này không làm nhiệm vụ xác định cho danh từ đằng trớc (vì đó là danh từ đã
đợc xác định) mà chỉ để cung cấp thêm thông tin. Nếu ta bỏ mệnh đề quan hệ đi thì câu vẫn có nghĩa.
Eg 1 : - His car, which is very expensive, has just been stolen.
Eg 2 : - My younger brother , who is only 7 years old, can play the piano very well.
Eg 3 : - Mr Hoa, whose daughter is a famous singer, has just bought a house here.
Eg 4: - I'm going to Ha noi, where my father is working.
Eg 5 : Thanh Lam, who is a famous singer , has just come here.

4

= Thanh Lam, a famous singer , has just come here.
Notes : Đại từ quan hệ that không đợc dùng trong trờng hợp này.
Exercise: Chọn từ thích hợp trong số A, B, C hoặc D
1/ What was the name of the girl .............. passport was stolen ?
A. whose
B. who
C. which
D. when
2/ The bed ..................... I slept in was too soft.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. what
3/ Nora is the only person ............... understands me.
A. which
B. who
C. whom
D. what
4/ The man ............. she is married to has been married twice before.
A. which
B. who
C. whom
D. what
5/ The hotel ........... we stayed was not clean.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. what

6/ The last time.............. I saw her, she looked very beautiful.
A. when
B. which
C. whom
D. what
7/ The stories ....... Tom tells are usually very funny.
A. that
B. who
C. when
D. what
8/ Have you seen the money ........ was on the table ?
A. which
B. who
C. whom
D. what
9/ The factory ................... John was working is the biggest in town.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. what
10/ Jim passed his driving test, .............. surprised everybody.
A. that
B. which
C. whom
D. what
11/ Do you remember the day............. we first met ?
A. when
B. which
C. whom
D. what

12/ Thank you for your letter, .................... I was very happy to get.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
13/ The reason ................ he failed was obvious.
A. that
B. why
C. whom
D. what
14/ Ann has a lot books, most of .... she hasn't read.
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. what
15/ The mother ............. son was killed in the accident was very sad.
A. that
B. whose
C. whom
D. what
Exercise : Nối hai câu thành một câu sử dụng đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ
1/ The student is from China. He sits next to me.
2/ I thanked the woman. This woman had helped me.
3/ The professor is excellent. I am taking his course.
4/ I recently went back to Paris. It is still as beautiful as a pearl.
5/ Nam knows the man. We talked to him this morning.
6/ The house is very old. My grandfather used to live there.
IV/ Một số trờng hợp khác
1. All/ some / many ...of whom
Eg : - The children are coming into my house. All of them are very tired.= The children, all of whom are very

tired are coming into my house.
( Bọn trẻ mà tất cả trong số đó rất mệt đang đi vào nhà tôi)
Ta có thể thay all = some , many , few ...
2. All/ some / many/ most ... of which
Eg : - The hats have been taken away. Some of them are very expensive = The hats, some of which are very
expensive, have been taken away.( Những cái mũ, mà một vài trong số đó rất đắt tiền đã bị lấy mất)
3. What ( Những gì, điều mà)
Eg : - My mother was very happy when she saw what I had done. ( Mẹ tôi rất vui khi bà thấy những gì tôi đã
làm)
- What surprised us was the way he behaved.( Điều làm chúng tôi ngạc nhiên là cái cách mà anh ta c xử)
4. How
Eg : - We don't know how to get there.
( Chúng tôi không biết làm thế nào để tới đó)
5.Whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however
a. Whatever ( Bất cứ cái gì)
- You can do whatever you like here.
- Whatever you do, don't touch this. (Cho dù bạn làm gì thì cũng đừng động vào cái này)
- Whatever the reason, we can't forgive her. ( Dù lý do gì đi chăng nữa, chúng tôi cũng không tha lỗi cho cô ta)
- When you are older you can watch whatever programme you like. ( Khi con lớn hơn con có thể xem bất cứ chơng trình gì mà con thích)
b. Whoever ( Bất cứ ai)
- Whoever hears his voice loves it at once ( Bất cứ ai nghe thấy giọng của anh ấy đều mê liền).
c. Wherever ( Bất cứ nơi nào)
- They are rich, so they can go wherever they like.
d. Whenever ( Bất cứ khi nào)
- I get angry whenever she comes.

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= Every time she comes, I get angry.

e. However ( Cho dù ..... thế nào chăng nữa)
- However + adj / adv
Eg : - However rich you are, you can never win her heart. ( Cho dù cậu có giàu nh thế nào đi chăng nữa, cậu
cũng không thể chinh phục đợc nàng) = No matter how rich you are, you can never win her heart.
- However hard I worked, my boss was never satisfied = No matter how hard I worked, my boss ......
However = No matter how
6. Which or that ?
* Cả which và that đều thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật nhng which không đợc sử dụng sau all, everything, little,
much, none, no hay dạng so sánh nhất. Ta sử dụng that trong các trờng hợp này.
Eg : - All of the apples that fall are taken away by the girls.
- This is the most intesting book (that) I've ever read.
- Everything (that) he told me is not true.
Exercise: Chọn từ thích hợp trong số A, B, C hoặc D
1/ She gives her children everything ....... they want.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. what
2/ Tell me ........ you want and I will try to help you.
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. what
3/ This is an awful film. It is the worst film............. I have ever seen.
A. that
B. which
C. whom
D. what
4/ I don't agree with ............. you have just said.
A. that

B. who
C. which
D. what
5/ Ann has a lot books, most of ........ she hasn't read.
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. what
6/ The mother ............. son was killed in the accident was very sad.
A. that
B. whose
C. whom
D. what
7/ The house was full of boys, ten of .............. were his own grandchildren.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. what
Exercise: Viết lại các câu sau, giữ nguyên nghĩa
1/ We were surprised at what he had done.
What .........................................................................................................
2/ I don't know his address.
I don't know .....................................................................................................................
3/ Could you tell me the way to the nearest post-office.
Could you tell me....................................................................................................................
4/ Every time I phoned her, she was out.
She was out ........................................................................................................
5/ No matter what you do, don't touch this.
Whatever .....................................................................................................
6/ You can use it as long as you like, and it won't wear out.

No matter .....................................................................................................................
7/ No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't open the door.
However ...............................................................................................................................
8/ I''ll find that man, no matter how long it takes.
However ...............................................................................................
9/ I can't go to the cinema tonight because I don't have a car.
The reason why ..............................................................................................................
10/ I lent my car to that man.
That's the man..................................................................................................................
11/ I tried hard as I could, but I just couldn't get the money.
No matter ................................................................................
12/ Driving fast is dangerous, whether you are an experienced driver or not.
However .................................................................................................
Exercise : Hãy sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau (Mỗi câu một lỗi)
1/ That I want is 2 kilos of butter.
2/ Mr Carter to whom I spoke on the phone last night is very interested in our project
3/ Sheila couldn't come to the party, that was a pity.
4/ Sue has a lot of friends, many of them she was at school with.

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