Cách chuyển đổi câu gián tiếp dạng đặc biệt

CC TRNG HP KHễNG THAY I THè NG T TRONG CU GIN TIP
- Nu ng t mnh gii thiu c dựng thỡ hin ti n, hin ti tip din, hin ti
hon thnh hoc tng lai n, thỡ ca ng t trong cõu giỏn tip vn khụng thay i
Eg: He says/ he is saying/ he has said/ he will say, the text is difficult.
He says/ is saying/ has said/ will say (that) the text is difficult.
- Khi cõu núi trc tip th hin mt chõn lý
Eg: My teacher said The sun rises in the East
My teacher said (that) the sun rises in the East.
- Nu lỳc tng thut, im thi gian c a ra trong li núi giỏn tip vn cha qua
Eg: He said, I will come to your house tomorrow
He said (that) he will come to my house tomorrow.
- Cõu trc tip cú dng cõu iu kin loi 2 hoc loi 3:
Eg: He said; If I knew her address, I would write to her
He said that he would write to her If he knew her address
Eg: She said, If I had enough money, I would buy a new bicycle.
She said (that) if she had enough money, she would buy a new bicycle.
Eg: The teacher said, If John had studied harder, he wouldnt have failed his exam.
The teacher said (that) if John had studied harder, he wouldnt have failed his exam.
- Khụng thay i thỡ ca mnh sau As if/ as though/ wish, Its (high/ about) time, would
rather/ sooner
Eg: He said; I wish I had a lot of money He wishes (that) he had a lot of money
Eg: She said; Its about time you went to bed; children
She told her children that Its about time they went to bed
Eg: She said; I would rather you stayed at home
She said that she would rather I stayed at home
- Khụng thay i thỡ ca: Could, would, might, should, ought to, had better, need
- ng t trong cõu núi trc tip cú nm xỏc nh:
Eg: He said, I was born in 1980
he said that he was born in 1980.
- Mnh trng ng ch thi gian trong cõu phc cú thỡ quỏ kh n v quỏ kh tip din
Eg: I saw him when he was going to the cinema

She said she saw him when she was going to the cinema
CC TRNG HP C BIT KHC
A. Cú th dựng cu trỳc whether + to V sau cỏc ng t wonder; want to know:
Ex: Shall I wait for them or go on ?, he wondered.
He wondered whether to wait for them or go on
He wondered whether he should wait for them or go on.
+ whether cũn thng c dựng trong cỏc cõu cú mnh iu kin
Ex: If you get the job, will you move to New York ?, Bill asked.
Bill asked whether if I got the job, I would move to New York.
B. Trong trờng hợp câu trực tiếp có cả câu trần thuật lẫn câu hỏi thì khi đổi sang câu gián
tiếp, phần nào vẫn cứ đổi theophần ấy.


Ex: He said, I have left my watch at home. Can you tell me the time ?.
He said that he had left his watch at home and asked me if I could tell him the time.
C. Mnh lnh
+ Động từ tờng thuật là: ordered, commanded (ra lệnh), requested, asked (yêu cầu), told (bảo
làm )
+ B please trong cõu trc tip i
S + asked/told/ordered/requested + O + (not) to V
Eg: Please wait for a minute. The man asked me
The man asked me to wait for a minute.
He said to the waiter, Please bring me some hot water.
He told to the waiter to bring him some hot water.
I said to her Dont shut the window, please.
I asked her not to shut the window.
D. Cõu cm thỏn trong li núi giỏn tip: (Exclamationin reported speech)
- ng t tng thut l: exclaim (cm thỏn ) /shout (hột lờn)
Ex: He said, What a lovely garden -> He exclaimed that they had a lovely garden.
- Cỏc hỡnh thc cm thỏn bt u bng what v how chuyn sang giỏn tip bng:

S + said that + it was / hoc S + exclaimed that it was
Eg1: She said; What a pity! -> She exclaimed that it was a pity
Eg2: I said; What a nice horse -> I exclaimed that it was a nice hoese
Eg3: He said; How beautiful she is!-> He exclaimed that she was beautiful!
Eg4: What a big egg he said -> He said that it was a big egg.
Eg5: How beautiful! he said -> He exclaimed that it was beautiful.
E. ề nghị, mệnh lệnh, ý định, lời hứa, lời yêu cầu,...
a. ngh, li mi:
-> S + invited/offered + O + to V
Ex: He said, Would you like to go out for a drink?
---> He invited me to go out for a drink.
She said to me; How about some coffee
-> She invited me some coffee
* Ta s dng Would you like to V... / How about / Why dont you + mi
Eg: Why dont you come to my village to have a day off?
* ngh: - Would you like me to V (Bn cú mun tụi?)
- Shall I .../ Can I? Could I ? (Liu tụi cú th?)
- Ill if you like (Tụi snu bn mun)
Eg: Can I help you with the dishes?
Shall I shut the door?
Would you like a drink?
Would you like to come for a meal?
b. Yờu cu: (ng t tng thut ask)
* Ta thng dựng Could you.? , Can you ? Would you mind ? Hoc cõu mnh lnh
yờu cu
Would you mind closing the door? he asked me to close the door.
Can you close the door?
Close the door ,please.
* Khi ũi hi/yờu cu c cú th gỡ thng núi
Id like Can I have?

Could I have?

khi chuyn sang giỏn tip ta ỏp dng cu trỳc S + asked + O1 (ngi) + for + O2 (vt)
Ex: In a restaurant, the man said; Id like a bottle of red wine, please


-> The man asked for a bottle of red wine
c. Khun bảo:
*Lêi khuyªn thêng b¾t ®Çu b»ng:
- You should / You ought to V...........
- If I were you/ If I were in your place/shoes , I would/ should … (Câu ĐK loại 2 với ý nghĩa
lời khun)
- You had better …
- Why don’t you ….
-> S + advised + O + to V …
Eg: Why don’t you repaint our room? →She advised me to repaint their room.
d. Lời nhắc nhở
Remember to V! hoặc Don’t for get to V (Hãy nhớ phải…/Đừng qn phải…)
-> S + reminded + O + to V
Ex: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”
-> She reminded me to ring her up the bext eveining
e. Sự đồng ý về quan điểm như: all right, yes, of course
S + agreed + to V…
Ex: “All right, I’ll wait for you” he said
-> He agreed to wait for me
f. Câu trực tiếp diễn tả điều mong muốn như: S + would like + O + to V hoặc mệnh đề
dùng wish ở tương lai
S + wanted + O + to V…
Ex: “I’d like Lan to become a doctor / I wish Lan would become a doctor.”

-> My mum wanted Lan to become a doctor
g. Từ chối : S + refused + to V …
Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car”
-> He refused to lend me his car.
h. Lời hứa: Thì Tương lai đơn và câu có sắc thái lời hứa.
-> S + promised to V…
Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday”
-> He promised to send me a card on my birthday.
i. Đe dọa: Tương lai đơn với ý nghĩa đe dọa
-> S + threatened + to V
“I’ll kill you” -> He threatened to kill me.
j. Thúc giục: Mệnh lệnh mang ý nghĩa giục giã
Hurry up! Be quick!
-> She urged me to hurry up/ She urged me to be quick.
-> S + urged + to V
*** Nhiều trường hợp khác sử dụng S + V + To V là: refuse (từ chối) demand (u cầu);
guarantee (đảm bảo); hope (hi vọng); propose (đề nghị); swear (thề),….
6. Reported speech with gerund: (câu gián tiếp với DANH ĐỘNG TỪ - V_ING)
- Khi lời nói gián tiếp là lời gợi ý (suggest), chúc mừng (congratulate), cảm ơn (thank), xin
lỗi (regret) phủ định (deny) thừa nhận (admit)
A, Lêi ®Ị nghÞ, gỵi ý


Shall we V/ What about V-ing/ How about V-ing/ Let’s V/ Why don’t we V / It’s a good idea
-> S + suggested + (not) + V-ing … (cả người nói và người nghe cùng thực hiện hành động)
-> S1 + suggested + That + S2 + (should) + V (có thể gợi ý cùng làm hoặc gợi ý cho riêng ai
-> Có thể có should hoặc khơng có, nhưng V ln là ngun thể)
Eg: Let's go outside.
-> She suggested going outside/ She suggested that they should go outside
B. Tố cáo, buộc tội: -> Dựa vào ý nghĩa của câu

Ex: “You took some of my money,” he said.
---> He accused me of taking some of his money.
“You stole my car!” -> He accused me of stealing his car.
C. Mơ ước:
Để thể hiện lời ước dùng ước trong tương lai hoặc cấu trúc “I want to…”
S + dreamed + of + V-ing…
Ex: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said.
---> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.
D. Sự chấp nhận/thừa nhận
S + admitted + v-ing…
Detective: You have stolen Mrs. Brown’s car!
The thief: Yes…! But…
-> The thief admitted stealing/having stolen Mrs Brown’s car
E. Sự mong đợi (áp dụng cấu trúc sau)
S + looked forward to + v-ing…
Ex: “Mr.Smith: I feel like meeting our children soon” Mrs Smith: I think so
-> Mr and Mrs. Smith looked forward to meeting their children soon
Các trường hợp khác: object to (phản đối), insist on (khăng khăng), complain about (phàn nàn),
* Động từ tường thuật + O + prep + V-ing…
thank O for, accuse O of (buộc tội), congratulate O on (chúc mừng), apologize (to O) for, warn
O against (cảnh báo), prevent/stop O from(ngăn cản,) blame O for (đổ lỗi), blame + N + on +
O (đổ việc gì cho ai); insist on (khăng khăng)
a. Cảm ơn.
S + thanked + O + for Ving
Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you.
---> Tom thanked me for helping him.
b. Chúc mừng
S + congratulated + O + on + v-ing
Ex: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!”
---> John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.

c. Cương quyết, khăng khăng:
S + insisted + on + v-ing…
Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan.
---> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.
d. Cảnh báo, ngăn cản: Lời cảnh báo như : be careful, be dangerous
a. S + warned + O + (not) to V hoặc S + warned + O + against + V-ing …


ex1: “Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night”; he said
-> He warned us to be careful strangers and not to out at night
Ex2: “Don’t stay at the near the airport,” I said to Ann
-> I warned Ann against staying at the hotel near the airport
Ex3: “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda.
---> I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night.
e. Ngăn cản: S + prevented/ stopped + O + from + v-ing…
Ex1: “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane
-> Her mother prevented Jane from going out that night
Ex2: “Sit here. I can’t let you stand all the time,” Mary said to me.
---> Mary prevented me from standing all the time.
f. Xin lỗi
S + apologised + for (not) Ving/S + apologised + to O + for (not) Ving
Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said to his friends
---> Peter apologised to his friends for being late.
* câu ghép 2 mệnh lệnh. “V! Don’t V!” Hoặc “Don’t V! V!”
“Don’t open the big box! Open the small box!”
-> She asked me to open the small box instead of opening the big box
* Lời nói trực tiếp có thể bao gồm nhiều hình thức hỗn hợp: câu khẳng định, câu hỏi, câu
mệnh lệnh, câu cảm thán
Eg: He said, “Can you play the guitar?” and I said “No”
→ He asked me if I could play the guitar and I said that I couldn’t.

4. Indirect speech with ‘must” ‘need” “have to”
Must S + V…? = if S + had to
Eg: “Must you get ready for the party” he said → He asked if I/ she had to get ready for the
party.
S + must not V … = S + must not + V (không được)
Eg: “I must not get up early tomorrow”, she said → she said that she must not get up early the
next day
S + needn’t V = S + needn’t have to V hoặc S + wouldn’t have to V …
Eg” “I needn’t do my homework” she said
→ She said that she needn’t have to do her homework/ wouldn’t have to do her homework.
S + needn’t V … = needn’t V
Eg: “You needn’t lock the door” she said
→ She said that he needn’t lock the door.
+ Need S + V …? = if S + need / had to
Eg: “Need I prepare everything for the meal” she said
→ She asked if she need/ had to prepare everything for the meal.
5. Một số dạng đặc biệt của đặc biệt :v =))))) Cô cũng ko biết đặt nó vào phần nào nữa. :v
+ “Thanks” he said
→ He thanked me


+ “Good luck” he said → He wished me good luck
“Happy Christmas” he said → he wished me happy Christmas
+ “Congratulations” she said → He congratulated me
+ “Happy birthday” -> He congratulated on my birthday.
+ The notice said ‘Welcome to Bacgiang”
→The notice welcomed visitors to Bac giang
+ “No/ Yes”
Eg: “Did you have a good time” he said; “yes’ I said
→ He asked me if I had had a good time and I said I had

“Have you done your work?” he said “ No”. I said
→ He asked me if I had done my work and I said I hadn’t
+ Good morning/ evening/ hello
→ S + greet + O