Luyện thi ielts writing task 1 dạng mix, progress, map

Luyện thi ielts writing task 1
dạng map, mix, progress
Bài mẫu
1. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The diagrams below show the changes that have taken place at Queen
Mary

Hospital

since

its

construction

in

1960.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.

Model answer
The diagrams show Queen Mary Hospital at three different stages in its
development: 1960, 1980 and 2000.


In 1960, the hospital was built close to a main road and next to a shopping
centre. A large area behind the hospital was turned into a car park, while

the area behind the shopping centre was farmland.
By 1980, the shopping centre had been demolished in order to make way
for two additional hospital building which became a pharmacy and a
cancer centre. Furthermore, the hospital gained the farmland and
converted it into a nursing school.
In 2000, the main hospital building remained unchanged but the cancer
centre was extended to cover the entire nursing school. As a result of this,
the original car park was divided into two so that it provided a smaller car
park and a small nursing school.
During this period, the hospital has increased in size and, in addition to a
new nursing school, a cancer centre has been created and extended. Hence
the capacity of the car park has been reduced by a half.
(178 words)
Test Tip
For IELTS Task 1 you may have to describe a physical process. This may be
illustrated in the form of a diagram showing the different steps or stages in
the process. In a process description some verbs will be in the passive and
some in the active.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
2. The diagram below shows the production of electricity using a system

called

Ocean

Thermal

Energy

Conversion

(OTEC).

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information
below.
Write at least 150 words.


How

Ocean

Thermal

Energy

Conversion

(OTEC)

works

Source: Daily Telegraph - 8th Jan 2008

Model answer
Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a system that converts heat
energy into the electric power using the temperature difference between
surface seawater, which can be up to 29 degrees Celsius, and deep
seawater, which is only 5 degrees Celsius.

The main components of the system are an evacuated evaporation
chamber, a turbine and a condensing chamber. The solar energy of the sun
heats up the surface water and this warm water is introduced into the
evacuated evaporation chamber, where it boils. As it boils, salt is deposited
and water vapour is generated. This vapour then drives a turbine to
generate electricity. After it powers the turbine, the water vapour enters
the condensing chamber, which is cooled by the water from the depths of
the ocean. The water vapour is condensed in this chamber, producing
drinking water. Meanwhile, waste salt water is discharged into the ocean
and the process can be repeated.
(152 words)

The majority of Task 1 questions in the IELTS exam are either a graph with
trends or a graph with comparatives. However, there are two other possible
types of questions:
•

Describing a process (for example, how to produce chocolate)

•

Describing a map (often of a city in two time periods)
3. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The map below is of the town of Canterbury. A new school (S) is planned for
the area. The map shows two possible sites for the school.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.

Model answer
The map shows two proposed sites for a new school for the town of
Canterbury

and

the

surrounding

area.

The first site (S1) is situated in the countryside, to the north-east of the
town centre. It is just outside the main housing area of the town and not far
from the main road that links Sturry with Canterbury. It would therefore
probably be in an ideal location for students coming from Sturry, which is
only 5 kilometres away, and those who live on the east side of Canterbury. If
there are students coming from Chartham, which is 7 kilometres to the
south-west, they would be able to reach the school by taking the main road
that

runs

south-west

of

Canterbury.

The second site (S2) is located in the town centre itself. There are
advantages of this: it makes it practically equidistant for students coming


from either Sturry or Chartham. Moreover, it would presumably be
relatively easy for students who live in the housing area around the town
centre to reach the school. However, because of the no traffic zone in the
town centre, no parent would be able to drive their child all the way to
school. This may make travel arrangements difficult for some parents.
(206 words)
Writing Tip
It is important to use paragraphs in your Writing Task 1 answer.
Paragraphs show that your answer is well organise

4. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The diagrams show a structure that is used to generate electricity from
wave

power.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.


Generating

Test Tip

electricity

from

sea

waves


1) Describe key stages in the process in a logical order, making
comparisons

where

appropriate.

2) Use suitable words and phrases to structure and link the process clearly.
3) Remember to include an overview summerising the main features of the
process.
4) Vary your vocabulary and use your own words as far as possible.
Model answer
The two diagrams show how electricity can be generated from the rise and
fall

of

water

caused

by

sea

waves.

The process involves a structure which is mounted on the side of a cliff or
sea wall. This structure consists of a large chamber. One end is open to the
sea, and the other leads into a vertical column, which is open to the
atmosphere. A turbine is installed inside this column and this is used to
generate

the

electricity

in

two

phases.

The first diagram indicates that when a wave approaches the device, water
is forced into the chamber, applying pressure on the air within the column.
This air escapes to atmosphere through the turbine, thereby producing
electricity.
The second diagram illustrates the next part of the process when wave
retreats. As the water level falls, the air from outside the column is sucked
back in through the turbine. As a result, electricity continues to be

generated. The turbine rotates only in one direction, regardless of the
direction

of

the

air

flow.


In conclusion, we can see that this structure is useful as electricity is
generated in both phases: entering and retreating of water.
(195 words)
IELTS Tip
1) Look carefully at the diagram and make sure you understand what it is
about.
2) Use your answer sheet to make notes on, but remember to cross them out
when

you

have

finished

your

answer.

3) Begin your answer by writing a summary sentence to introduce what the
diagram
4) Note
5) Count

or
that

the

flow
passive

approximately

chart
is

how

often
many

is
used
words

in

about.
this
you

task.
write.

6) You should try not to write too much!
5. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The diagram below shows the production of steam using a gas cooled
nuclear

reactor.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.


Model answer
A gas-cooled nuclear reactor consists of the reactor itself and a heat
exchanger. The reactor contains uranium fuel elements which are
surrounded by graphite moderators and topped by charge tubes for loading
fuel elements, and boron control rods. The whole reactor is contained in a
pressure

vessel

surrounded

by

a

concrete

shield.

From the reactor the hot gas flows through a duct into the heat exchanger
which is outside the concrete radiation shielding. In the heat exchanger,
steam is generated in a secondary loop. There a pipe brings in water which
is heated to steam, and this then flows out to the turbo-alternator.
Meanwhile the hot gas sinks to the bottom of the heat exchanger and
passes through a gas blower which pushes it into a cool gas duct and back
to

the

reactor.


As can be seen, this is a continuous cycle that keeps the reactor from
overheating, while carrying away the heat and steam, which will power the
turbines.
(161 words)
6. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The following diagram shows how greenhouse gases trap energy
from

the

Sun.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information
shown below.
Write at least 150 words.


Complete the answer by filling the gaps with a word or phrase from
the box below.
lead to

release

result in

subsequently

fell

reach

less

decades

amounts

as a result of

Energy from the Sun .................... the Earth as heat. Some of this heat energy
is.................... radiated into space, while some of it is trapped by greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere and reflected back to Earth. This is a natural
process, but in recent...................., human activities have .................... an
increase in the.................... of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which is
now

trapping

too

much

heat.

One of the main greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide, and extra quantities of
this.................... into the atmosphere .................... burning fossil fuels as a
source of energy in power stations, factories and homes. Exhaust gases
from cars and lorries.................... further emissions of carbon dioxide.
Plants serve to remove some of the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by
absorbing it through their leaves. However, as large areas of
forest .................... in the Amazon and elsewhere,.................... carbon dioxide
is removed in this way.
DẠNG MIX
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The bar chart below shows the estimated sales of jeans for two companies
next year in Turkey. The pie chart shows the projected market share of the


two

companies

in

jeans

at

the

end

of

next

year.

Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information
shown below.
Write at least 150 words.


1.

Test Tip
1) Remember you do not get extra marks for writing more than 150 words,
but

you

will

lose

marks

if

you

write

less.

2)‘Others’ is sometimes mentioned as a category on charts. Don’t ignore it.


Decide what it is referring to – in the chart above it refers to other
companies – and then include the information if you think it is relevant.
Model answer 1
The bar chart shows the estimated sales of jeans in thousands of pairs for
two

companies

in

Turkey

next

year.

It is anticipated that purchases of jeans at Mango Co. will rise from 150,000
pairs in January to approximately 500,000 pairs in August, and will remain
there until November. For December, sales are expected to be in the region
of

600,000

pairs.

Meanwhile, it is estimated that the sales of jeans for Jack & Jones Co. will
begin the year at around 450,000 pairs in January, falling to about 250,000,
before increasing to around 400,000 in June. For the next two months until
August, sales are forecast to remain steady at this level, after which they
are expected to rise steadily to hit a peak of approximately 900,000 pairs in
December.
The pie chart shows that, at the end of next year, the anticipated market
share for Mango Co. and Jack & Jones Co. is 20% and 30% respectively.
As can be seen from the chart, the overall sales trends for both companies
are forecast to be upwards.
(178 words)
Model answer 2
The bar chart shows the predicted sales of jeans in thousands of pairs for
two companies in Turkey; Mango Co. and Jack & Jones Co. for next year.

The most striking feature is that sales will increase for both companies, It is
anticipated that sales of Jack & Jones Co. will start at 450,000 pairs in
January decreasing by 200,000 pairs following month with a gradual
recover over the subsequent four months reaching 400,000 pairs in June.
Those of Jack & Jones Co. are predicted to be stable until August peaking up
to

600,000

pairs

in

September

and

October.

Sales of Jack & Jones will reach a peak of 900,000 in December, For those of
Mango Co. is forecasted a gradual increase with the largest sale of 600,000
pairs in December. In the beginning of the next year those of Mango Co. will
stand at 150,000 pairs falling back to 100,000 pairs in February, rising
steadily to 250,000 in June, In subsequent months sales will reach 450,000
pairs increasing to 500,000 pairs in August, staying stable until November,
Regarding the pie chart the sales of Jack & Jones Co. will share 30% of
market whereas those of Mango Co. 20%. 50% of market is set to be shared
by other companies.
(211 words)
This answer would probably exceed Band 8

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The graph below shows the demand for electricity in England during
typical days in winter and summer. The pie chart shows how electricity is
used

in

an

average

English

home.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features
and make comparisons where relevant.
You should write at least 150 words.


Model answer
The Demand for electricity in England during typical days in winter and
summer is illustrated in the graph. The use of electricity in an average
English home is shown in the pie chart. From the graph it is generally
obvious that the demand is in its maximum around 2100 in winter times
and in its minimum around 400 being almost constant between 1200 and
2100 in winter times. During summer times on the other hand the demand
reaches its top point around 1300 and the bottom point around 900 being
almost

constant

between

1550

and

2000.


In wither times the curve gradually increases to reach 40000 units of
electricity by 3 o’clock in the morning. This is followed by gradual decline to
its lowest limit of 30000 units at 9 o’clock. A gradual rise is obvious again to
reach a stationary level between 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock of about 40000
units again. Then there is a sharp rise in the next hour to reach its
maximum before collapsing again to a lower level by the end of the day.
In summer time the curve gradually decrease to reach its lower limit
around 9 o’clock of a bit more that 10000 units. A gradual increase is
noticed to reach its top of 20000 after which a stationary phase is obvious
between 3 o’clock and 10 o’clock at night of about 15000 units.
The pie chart on the other hand shows that 52.5% of the electricity is used
for heating rooms and water. 17.5% is consumed for ovens kettles and
washing machines 15% is used in lighting TV and radio and finally 15% is
consumed in the sue of vacuum cleaners food mixtures and electric tools.
(285 words)

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The flowchart illustrates the production of coloured plastic paper clips in a
small

factory.

Write a report for a university tutor describing the production process.
Write at least 150 words.


Model answer
There are four main stages in the production of plastic paper clips from this
small factory. Two of these stages involve actual preparation of the clips,
while the other two consist of quality control before the clips are sent out
from the factory to the retailers to be sold to the public.
To begin with, molten plastic is poured into three different moulds
depending on the colour required; the colours are red, blue and yellow.
Once these clips emerge from the moulds a quality control machine checks
them for strength. Unsatisfactory clips are rejected. In the third stage in the
process the clips are stored by hand into two groups, mixed and single
colours. When this stage is complete the groups are checked a second time


to ensure that the colour mixtures are divided correctly into single colours
and mixed colour batches. Finally, the clips are packed and dispatched to
the markets.
(152 words)

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The diagram below shows how a central heating system in a house
works.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main
features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.


model answer:
This diagram provides an overview of a domestic central heating system. It
shows how the tank, boiler and pipes ensure a constant flow of hot waterto
both

the

radiators

and

the

taps.

The cold water enters the house and is stored in a water storage tank in the
roof. From there ü flows down to the boiler, located on the ground floor of
the

house.

The boiler, which is fuelled by gas or oil, heats up the water as it passes
through it. The hot water is then pumped round the house through a system
of pipes and flows into the radiators, located in different rooms. The water
circulates through the radiators, which have small tubes inside them to
help distribute the heat, and this warms each of the rooms. Some of the
water is directed to the taps to provide hot water for the house.

Once the water has been through the pipes and radiators, it is returned to
the boiler to be re-heated and circulated round the house again.
Introduction: First

sentence.

Overview:

Second

sentence.

Key features: Entry of cold water into boiler; circulation of hot waterto
radiators

and

taps;

return

of

waterto

boiler.

Supporting information: direction of flow; types of boiler; location of
radiators;

radiator

tubes


Paragraph breaks: The paragraph breaks mark stages in the process.
Linkers: and, from there, then, once, again Reference words: it, both, there,
which,

this

Topic vocabulary: enters, stored, roof, flows, ground floor, located, passes,
pumped,

system,

circulates,

heat,

directed,

returned,

re-heated

Less common vocabulary: ensure, fuelled by, heats up, distribute the
heat,

warms

Structures: An appropriate mix of active and passive structures and a
range

of

sentence

types

are

used.

Length: 172 words

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The diagrams below give information about the Eiffel Tower in Paris
and

an

outline

project

to

extend

it

underground.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information
shown.
You should write at least 150 words.


model answer:
The Eiffel Tower is situated close to the Seine River in Paris. It is a metal
structure that is 1,063 feet high and weighs 7,417 tonnes. The tower has


been a tourist attraction since 1889, when it was built, and there are 1,665
steps that can be climbed in order to reach the two viewing platforms.
There are now plans to build below the foundations of the tower. These
plans include the development of five underground levels that will
incorporate the tower's ticket office, shopping facilities, a cinema and
museum

and

two

floors

of

underground

parking.

Although details have yet to be finalised, the principle is that the five floors
will be connected by two vertical passenger lifts on either side of the tower.
In addition, the floor immediately below the tower, which is planned to
house the ticket office, will also consist of a large atrium with a glass ceiling
so that visitors can look directly up at the tower itself.
(162 words)
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The diagram below gives the information about the Hawaiian island
chain

in

the

centre

of

the

Pacific

Ocean.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information
shown.
You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:
The Hawaiian island chain, in the centre of the Pacific Ocean, is
approximately 2,700 km in length. It is formed of volcanoes and the active
ones are at the south-east tip of the archipelago, where Hawaii itself is
located.
It is believed that the chain began to form nearly 80 million years ago. Each
island started to evolve after an eruption on the sea floor. First, a `hot spot'
existed on the ocean bed, which let out a plume of material called magma.
This magma may originate as deep as 2,883km below the ocean bed. Next,
further eruptions took place, which built up the volcano. Eventually, it
emerged

above

the

surface

of

the

ocean.

Since that time, the spume of magma has remained static as the Pacific
tectonic plate moves in a north-west direction across it at a speed of 7-9cm
per year. As it moves, a volcano forms as it passes over the hotspot and then
become inactive when it has passed it.