CHUYÊN ĐỀ NGỮ ÂM TIẾNG ANH

CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
CHUYÊN ĐỀ I – PHONETICS - CHUYÊN ĐỀ VỀ NGỮ ÂM
BÀI 1. PHONETIC SYMBOLS - BẢNG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ
1. The symbols vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các nguyên âm):
1.1. The symbols of pure vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các nguyên âm đơn):
Symbols
In
of the
letters
Examples in words
sounds
(Chữ cái
(Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
(Kí hiệu) thể hiện)
/І/
a
village /’vilidʒ/
package /’pækidʒ/
assemblage /ә’semblidʒ/
or
e
pretty /’priti/
represent
deliver /di’livә(r)/
/i/
i
sit /sit/
little /’litl/
simple /’simpl/

y
happy /’hæpi/
easy /’i:zi/
usually /’ju:ʊli/
/ i: /
ea
lead /li:d/
seaside /’si:said/
meaningful /’mi:niŋfʊl/
ee
meet /mi:t/
sheep /ʃi:p/
steel /sti:l/
a
many /’meni/
any/eni/
manifold /’menifәʊld/
/e/
e
send /send/
recommend
comprehend /kәmpri’hend/
ea
head /hed/
spread /spred/
headache /‘hedeik/
/æ/
a
land /lænd/
brandy /’brændi/

sandy /’sændi/
/ɔ/
o
pot /pɔt /
spot /spɔt /
slot /slɔt /
a
wash /wɔʃ /
what /wɔt /
watch /wɔtʃ/
a
talk /tɔ:k/
walk /wɔ:k/
water /’wɔ:tә(r)/
aw
saw /sɔ:/
lawn /lɔ:n/
pawn /pɔ:n/
/ ɔ: /
oa
broad /brɔ:d/
broaden/’brɔ:dn/
abroad /ә’brɔ:d/
oo
door /dɔ:(r)/
floor /flɔ:(r)/
floorage /’flɔ:ridʒ/
or
fork /fɔ:k/
sport /spɔ:t/

transport /’trænspɔ:t/
ou
fought /fɔ:t/
thought /θɔ:t/
bought /bɔ:t/
o
some /sΛm/
come /kΛm/
done /dΛn/
/Λ /
u
shut /ʃΛt/
muddy /’mΛdi/
budget /’bΛdʒit/
oo
blood /blΛd/
flood /flΛd/
bloodless /blΛdlis/
ou
tough /tΛf/
enough /i’nΛf/
rough /rΛf/
a
task /ta:sk/
fast /fa:stk/
broadcast /br ɔ:d’ka:st/
/ ɑ: /
ar
card /ka:d/
retard /ri’ta:d/

farther /’fa:δәr/
ear
heart /ha:t/
hearten /’ha:tәn/
hearth /ha:θ/
/ʊ/
u
pull /pʊl/
push /pʊʃ/
pullet /’pʊlet/
or
oo
good /gʊd/
cook /kʊk/
look /lʊk/
/u/
ou
could /kʊld/
would /wʊld/
should /ʃʊld/
u
frugal /’fru:gәl/
conclude /kɔn’klu:d/ illusion /i’lu:ʃn/
/ u: /
oe
shoe /ʃu: /
shoebill /’ʃu:bil/
shoemaker /’ʃu:meikәr/
oo
moon /mu:n/

spoon /spu:n/
smooth /smu:θ/
ui
fruit /fru:t/
cruise /kru:s/
recruit /ri’kru:t/
a
await /ә’weit/
about /ә’baut/
machine /mә’ʃi:n/
/ә/
o
tonight /tә’nait/
potato /pә’teitәu/
tomorrow /tә’mɔrәʊ/
er
reader /’ri:dәr/
writer /’raitәr/
cruiser /’kru:sәr/
or
actor /’æktәr/
doctor /’dɔktәr/
translator /’trænsleitәr/
er
prefer /pri’fз: r/
merchant /’mз:tʃәnt/ merciful /’mз:sifʊl/
/ з: /
ir
shirt /ʃз:t/
skirt /skз:t/

first /fз:st/
ur
hurt /hз:t/
furnish /’ʃз:niʃ/
further /’ʃз:δә/
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Trang 1/ SOUNDS


CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
or
word /wз:d/
work /wз:k/
worm /wз:m/
ear
heard /hз:d/
earth /з:θ/
earthen /’з:θәn/
1. 2. The diphthongs and triphthongs (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các nguyên đôi, ba):
Symbols
In
of the
letters
Examples in words
sounds
(Chữ cái
(Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)

(Kí hiệu) thể hiện)
a
case /keis/
baby /beibi/
lazy /leizi/
/ ei /
ai
maid /meid/
maiden /’meidn/
maidenly /’meidnli/
ay
say /sei/
clay /klei/
play /plei/
ei
eight /eit/
eighthly /’eiθli/
eiranic /ei’rænik/
/ ai /
i
kite /kait/
night /nait/
mine /main/
y
sky /skai/
fly /flai/
satisfy /’sætisfai/
/ ɔi /
oi
soil /sɔil/

coin /kɔin/
spoil /spɔil/
oy
employ /im’plɔi/
enjoy /ii’dʒɔi/
employment /im’plɔimnt/
/ aʊ /
ou
mouse /maʊs/
mouth /maʊθ/
surround /sз:’raʊnd/
ow
now /naʊ/
power /’paʊ әr/
cowboy /’kaʊ bɔi/
o
cold /kәʊld/
scold /skәʊld/
fold /fәʊld/
/ әʊ /
ow
slow /slәʊ/
flow /flәʊ/
show /ʃәʊ/
ew
sew /sәʊ/
sewing /sәʊiŋ/
sewn /sәʊn/
/ iә /
ear

hear /hiә(r)/
fear /fiә(r)/
near /niә(r)/
ere
here /hiә(r)/
merely /’miәli/
atmosphere /’ætmɔsfiә(r)/
ere
therapy
/’θeәrәpi/
there /δeә(r)/
thereabout /’δeәrәbaʊt/
/ eә /
are
fare /feә(r)/
share /ʃeә(r)/
stare /steә(r)/
air
hair /heә(r)/
fair /feә(r)/
stairs /steә(r)s/
/ ʊә /
our
tour /tʊә(r)/
tourer /tʊәrә/
tourism /’tʊәrizm/
ire
tire /taiә/
fire /faiә/
firemen /’faiәmen/

/ aiә /
yre
tyre /taiә/
tyreles /’taiәlis/
tyre-pump /’taiә pΛmp /
yer
buyer /baiә/
flyer /flaiә/
buyer /baiә/
/ әʊә /
ower
slower /slәʊә/
slower /slәʊә/
slower /slәʊә/
/ aʊә /
ower
shower /ʃaʊә/
power /paʊә/
flower /flaʊә/
our
flour /flaʊә/
sour /saʊә/
flour /flaʊә/
/ eiә /
ayer
prayer /preiә/
player /pleiә/
sprayer /spreiә/
eyer
greyer /greiә/

greyer /greiә/
greyer /greiә/
/ ɔiә /
oyer
enjoyer /in’dʒɔiә/
enjoyer /in’dʒɔiә/
employer /im’plɔiә/
oyal
loyal /’lɔiәl/
loyalty /’lɔiәlti/
loyal /’lɔiәl/
2. The symbols of the consonant sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các phụ âm):
2.1. The symbols of voiceless consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm của các phụ âm vô thanh):
Symbols
In
of the
letters
Examples in words
sounds
(Chữ cái
(Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
(Kí hiệu) thể hiện)
/p/
p
pen /pen/
paint /peint/
people /’pi:pәl/
f
five /faiv/
formal /’fɔ:mәl/

family /’fæmili/
/f/
ph
physics /’fiziks/
physician /fi’ziʃn/
physical /fi’zikәl/
gh
laugh /la:f/
enough /i’nΛf/
rough /rΛf/
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Trang 2/ SOUNDS


CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
th
throw /θrәʊ/
sixth /siksθ/
/θ /
thunder /’θΛndә(r)/
/t/
t
teach /ti:tʃ/
temple /’tempәl/
tittle /’taitәl/
ed
looked /lʊkt/

laughed /la:ft/
stopped /stɔpt/
/s/
s
site /sait/
sandy /’sændi/
sample /’sæmpәl/
c
centre /’sentә/
century /’sentʃʊri/
cell /sel/
sh
sheep /ʃi:p/
sheet /ʃi:t/
English /’iŋliʃ/
/ʃ/
ch
machine
chaise /ʃeiz/
champagne /ʃæm’pein/
s
sugar /’ʃʊgә/
sugary /’ʃʊgәri/
sure /’ʃʊә(r)/
/ t∫ /
ch
choice /tʃɔis/
church /tʃз:tʃ/
chimney /’tʃimni/
t

fixture /'fikst∫ә/
future / 'fju:t∫ә/
question / 'kwest∫n/
/k/
k
kitchen /’kit∫n/
kiss /kis/
king /kiŋ/
c
concert /kɔn’sз:t/ cancel /’kænsәl/
comedy /’kΛmedi/
ch
chemist /’kemist/ chemistry /’kemistri/
chemical /’kemikәl/
q
quite /kwait/
question / 'kwest∫n/
conquest /’kɔŋkwest/
/h/
h
hike /haik/
homeless /’hәʊmlis/
hunger /’hΛŋgә(r)/
wh
whoop /hu:p/
whose /hu:z/
wholesale /’hɔʊlseil/
2.2. The symbols of voiced consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm của các phụ âm hữu thanh):
Symbols
of the

sounds
(Kí hiệu)
/b/
/v/
/δ /
/d/
/z/
/ʒ/
/ dʒ /
/g/
/l/
/m/
/n/
/ŋ/
/r/
/w/
/j/
/ф/
mute
cases

In
letters
(Chữ cái
thể hiện)
b
v
f
th
d

ed
z
s
s
g
j
g
l
m
n
n
ng
r
w
wh
y
u
h
k
b

Examples in words
(Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
boy /bɔi/
bamboo /bæm’bu:/
band /bænd/
visit /vizit/
van /væn/
victory /vlktәri/
of /әv/

of /әv/
of /әv/
them /δәm/
with /wiδ/
though /δәʊ/
doctor /’dɔktә(r)/
dancer /dænsә(r)/
done /dΛn/
lived /livd/
earned /з:nd/
cancelled /’kænsәld/
zebra /zi:brә/
zip /zip/
zealot /’zelәt/
visit /’vizit/
visual /’vizjʊәl/
teachers /ti:tʃәz/
vision /’viʒn/
usual /’jʊʒʊәl/
usually /’jʊʒʊәli/
germ /dʒз:m/
gene /dʒi:n/
age /eidʒ/
jam /dʒæm/
jam /dʒæz/
joyful /dʒɔifʊl/
gift /gift/
gain /gein/
girl /gз:l/
little /’litәl/

lamp /læmp/
light /lait/
monk /mɔŋk/
mammal /’mæmәl/
Monday /’mΛndei/
name /neim/
noise /nɔis/
number /nΛmbә/
think /θiŋk/
thank /θæŋk/
sink /siŋk/
sing /siŋ/
thing /θiŋ/
ceiling /’si:liŋ/
rural /’rʊәrәl/
ring /riŋ/
reader /’ri:dә/
wine /wain/
wing /wiŋ/
with /wiδ/
when /wen/
whistle /’wisәl/
whisper /’wispә/
yearly
/’jiәli/
youth /ju:θ/
young /jΛŋ/
music /’mju:sik/
unit /’ju:nit/
university /ju:ni’v з:siti/

honest /’ɔ:nist/
hour /aʊә/
heir /aiә/
knight /nait/
knit /nit/
known /nɔʊn/
comb /kɔʊm/
climb /klaim/
debt /det/
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Trang 3/ SOUNDS


CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
p
pneumonia
psychology
psychiatrist
/njʊ’mɔ:niә/
/sai’kɔ:lɔdʒi/
/sai’kiәtrist/

2.3. The clusters of consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm của các chùm phụ âm):
Symbols
of the
sounds
(Kí hiệu)

/ s+ /

/ p+ /

/ t+ /
/ k+ /

/ b+ /
/ g+ /
/ d+ /
/ f+ /
/ θ+ /

Các kết

In
letters
(Chữ cái
thể hiện)
/ sp /
/ st /
/ sk /
/ sf /
/ sm /
/ sn /
/ sw /
/ sj /
/ pl /
/ pr /

/ pj /
/ tr /
/ tw /
/ tj /
/ kl /
/ kr /
/ kw /
/ kj /
/ bl /
/ br /
/ bj /
/ gl /
/ gr /
/ dr /
/ dw /
/ dj /
/ fl /
/ fr /
/ fj /
/ θr /
/ θw /
/ vj /
/ mj /
/ ∫r /
/ nj /
/ spr /

Examples in words
(Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
speak /spi:k/

spoil /spɔil/
speaker /’spri:kә/
start /sta:t/
stand /stænd/
stay /stei/
school /skʊl/
skill /skil/
scan /skæn/
sphere /sfiә/
spheral /sfiәrәl/
biosphere /baiә’sfiә/
small /smɔl/
smash /smæʃ/
smell /smel/
snow /snәʊ/
sneeze /sni:z/
sneaky /’sni:ki/
sweet /swi:t/
swim /swim/
swan /swɔn/
super /sjʊpә/
superadd /’sjʊpәræd/
superably /’sjʊpәreibli/
apply
/ә’plai/
please /pli:s/
plump /plΛmp/
proud /praʊd/
propose /’prɔpәʊs/
produce /prә’djʊs/

pure /pjʊә/
purely /’pjʊәli/
purify /’pjʊrәfai/
train /trein/
treat /tri:t/
treatment /tri:tmәnt/
twice /twais/
twerp /twз:p/
twicer /’twaisә/
tube /tjʊb/
tubal /’tjʊ:bәl/
tuber /’tjʊ:bә/
class /kla:s/
clean /kli:ns/
clame /kleim/
cream /kri:m/
cry /krai/
creative /kri:’eitiv/
quite /kwait/
quit /kwit/
quest /kwest/
cure /kjʊә/
cute /kjʊt/
cutely /kjʊtli/
blow /blәʊ/
blame /bleim/
bleach /bli:tʃ/
bring /briŋ/
bride /braid/
bridge /bridʒ/

beauty /’bjʊti/
beautify /’bjʊtifai/
beautiful /’bjʊtifʊl/
glass /gla:s/
glim /glim/
glance /gla:ns/
grow /grәʊ/
great /greit/
groom /gru:m/
dream /dri:m/
dread /dred /
dreadful /’dredfʊl/
dwell /dwel/
dweller /dwelә/
dwelt /dwel/
duty /djʊti/
dutiful /djʊtifʊl/
dutifully /djʊtifʊli/
flow /flәʊ/
fly /flai/
flame /fleim/
fry /frai/
fright /frait/
fridge /fridʒ/
furious /’fjʊriәs/
few /fjʊ/
furiously /’fjʊriәsli/
throw /θrәʊ/
through /θru:/
threat /θret/

thwart /θwæt/
thwack /θwæk/
thwack /θwæk/
view /vjʊ/
interview /’intәvjʊ/
preview /pri’vjʊ/
mute /mjʊt/
mutual /mjʊtʊәl/
music /mjʊzik/
shrimp /∫rimp/
shriek /∫ri:k/
shrill /∫ril/
nude /njʊd/
nudist /’njʊdist/
nudism /’njʊdizm/
spread /spred/
sprawl /sprɔ:l/
spray /sprei/
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Trang 4/ SOUNDS


CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
hợp khác
/ spl /
splash /splæʃ/
splat /splæt/

splashy /splæʃi/
/ skr / scream /scri:m/
scree /scri: /
screen /scri:n/
/ str /
stream /stri:m/
strawy /strɔ:i/
streak /stri:k/
/ skj /
scuba /’skjʊbә/
scuba /’skjʊbә/
scuba /’skjʊbә/
/ stj /
student /’stjʊdnt/
stupid /’stjʊpid/
studio /’stjʊdiәʊ/
/ spj /
spume /spjʊ:m/
spue /spjʊ:/
spumous /spjʊ:mәs/
/ skw / square /skweә/
squarer /’skweәrә/
squander /’skwɔdә/
BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
Exercise 1: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of
the same group.
1.
A. candy
B. sandy
C. many

D. handy
2.

A. earning

B. learning

C. searching

D. clearing

3.

A. pays

B. stays

C. says

D. plays

4.

A. given

B. risen

C. ridden

D. whiten

5.

A. cough

B. tough

C. rough

D. enough

6.

A. accident

B. jazz

C. stamp

D. watch

7.

A. this

B. thick

C. maths

D. thin

8.

A. gas

B. gain

C. germ

D. good

9.

A. bought

B. naught

C. plough

D. thought

10.

A. forks

B. tables

C. beds

D. windows

11.

A. handed

B. booked

C. translated

D. visited

12.

A. car

B. coach

C. century

D. cooperate

13.

A. within

B. without

C. clothing

D. strengthen

14.

A. has

B. bag

C. dad

D. made

15.

A. kites

B. catches

C. oranges

D. buzzes

16.

A. student

B. stupid

C. study

D. studio

17.

A. wealth

B. cloth

C. with

D. marathon

18.

A. brilliant

B. trip

C. tripe

D. tip

19.

A. surgeon

B. agent

C. engine

D. regard

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Trang 5/ SOUNDS


CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
20. A. feather
B. leather
C. feature
D. measure
Exercise 2: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of
the same group.
1.
A. geology
B. psychology
C. classify
D. photography
2.

A. idiom

B. ideal

C. item

D. identical

3.

A. children

B. child

C. mild

D. wild

4.

A. both

B. myth

C. with

D. sixth

5.

A. helped

B. booked

C. hoped

D. waited

6.

A. name

B. natural

C. native

D. nation

7.

A. blood

B. food

C. moon

D. pool

8.

A. comb

B. plumb

C. climb

D. disturb

9.

A. thick

B. though

C. thank

D. think

10.

A. flour

B. hour

C. pour

D. sour

11.

A. dictation

B. repetition

C. station

D. question

12.

A. dew

B. knew

C. sew

D. few

13.

A. asked

B. helped

C. kissed

D. played

14.

A. smells

B. cuts

C. opens

D. plays

15.

A. decided

B. hatred

C. sacred

D. warned

16.

A. head

B. break

C. bread

D. breath

17.

A. blood

B. tool

C. moon

D. spool

18.

A. height

B. fine

C. tidy

D. cliff

19.

A. through

B. them

C. threaten

D. thunder

20.

A. fought

B. country

C. bought

D. ought

Exercise 3: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of
the same group.
1.
A. moon
B. pool
C. door
D. cool
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CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
2.
A. any
B. apple
C. hat
D. cat
3.

A. book

B. blood

C. look

D. foot

4.

A. pan

B. woman

C. sad

D. man

5.

A. table

B. lady

C. labor

D. captain

6.

A. host

B. most

C. cost

D. post

7.

A. dear

B. beard

C. beer

D. heard

8.

A. work

B. coat

C. go

D. know

9.

A. name

B. flame

C. man

D. fame

10.

A. how

B. town

C. power

D. slow

11.

A. harm

B. wash

C. call

D. talk

12.

A. brought

B. ought

C. thought

D. though

13.

A. call

B. curtain

C. cell

D. contain

14.

A. measure

B. decision

C. pleasure

D. permission

15.

A. drought

B. fought

C. brought

D. bought

16.

A. builds

B. destroys

C. occurs

D. prevents

17.

A. deal

B. teach

C. break

D. clean

18.

A. supported

B. approached

C. noticed

D. finished

19.

A. unity

B. suite

C. studious

D. volume

20.

A. climber

B. subtle

C. debtor

D. probable

Exercise 4: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of
the same group.
1.
A. loved
B. appeared
C. agreed
D. coughed
2.

A. thereupon

B. thrill

C. threesome

D. throne

3.

A. chin

B. chaos

C. child

D. charge

4.

A. wasted

B. practiced

C. laughed

D. jumped

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CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc)
SOUNDS
2016
5.
A. coast
B. most
C. lost
D. whole
6.

A. energy

B. gain

C. gesture

D. village

7.

A. population

B. nation

C. question

D. station

8.

A. meat

B. sweat

C. leaf

D. seat

9.

A. antibiotic

B. pant

C. ant

D. want

10.

A. height

B. myth

C. type

D. climb

11.

A. bush

B. rush

C. pull

D. lunar

12.

A. bought

B. sought

C. drought

D. fought

13.

A. killed

B. cured

C. crashed

D. waived

14.

A. thunder

B. prefer

C. grocer

D. louder

15.

A. tells

B. talks

C. stays

D. steals

16.

A. stomach

B. watch

C. change

D. church

17.

A. attacks

B. repeats

C. roofs

D. trays

18.

A. drought

B. fought

C. brought

D. bought

19.

A. builds

B. destroys

C. occurs

D. prevents

20.

A. name

B. nation

C. native

D. natural

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