Chapter passive VOICE

Chapter : Passive VOICE
A : Định nghĩa:
1. Câu chủ động là câu mà chủ ngữ gây ra hành động
I study English (tôi học tiếng anh)
2. Câu bị động là câu mà chủ ngữ bị tác động bởi hành động
English is studied by me
B : Quy tắc chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
1. Tìm hiểu,phân tích câu làm 3 thành phần (S,V,O)
2. Đa tân ngữ của câu chủ động xuống làm chủ ngữ của câu bị đông
3. Đổi động từ của câu chủ đọng thành (be+Ved/3)-câu chủ động ở thì nào
thì động từ tobe phảI ở thì đó
4. Đa S của câu chủ động xuống làm O của câu bị động đợc đặt sau giới từ
By.(By có thể lợc bỏ nếu S không dõ hay không quan trọng nh:
people,someone,they,somebody)
Active :

Pasive :

S

S

+

V

+

O

+ be + V(ed/3) + (by + O)

Mr Manh teaches English
English is taught by Mr Manh
*Note : - Nếu trong câu có nhiều trạng từ thị khi chuyển sang câu bị
động chúng đợc sắp xếp theo thứ tự sau :
Thể cách + nơi chốn + thời gian
Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đợc đặt trớc By + O
Trạng từ chỉ thời gian đợc đặt sau By + O
- Nếu câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ thì một trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm S trong
câu bị động
He gave me a pen
I was given a pen by him
A pen was given to me by him
C : Some special Passive form:
1/ Questions:
Ex: Who wrote that play? -> By whom was that play written?
Have they read the letter? -> Has the letter been read?
2/ Negative pronoun agent:
Ex: Nobody can unlock the case. -> The case cant be unlocked.
3/ Material agent:


Ex: Smoke filled the room. -> The room was filled with smoke.
4/ Sentences with two objects:
Ex: Marys parents gave her a birthday present.
Mary was given a birthday present by her parents.
A birthday present was given to Mary by her parents.
D : Câu bị động của các thì trong tiếng anh
Tenses
Active

Passive
Hiện tại đơn giản
S + V_(s/es)
is
S + Am + V_(ed/3) + by + O
Are
Quá khứ đơn giản
S + V_(ed/2)
was
S+
+ V_(ed/3) + by +
O
were
Hiện tại tiếp diễn

Quá khứ tiếp diễn

is
S + Am + V-ing
Are

S+

was

+V-ing
were

Hiện tại hoàn thành

Have
S+ +V(ed/3)
Has

Tơng lai đơn và
động từ khuyết
thiếu

Will
Can
S+Shall + V
Ought to
Should

is
S +Am+being
+V(ed/3)+by+O
Are
was
S+
+being+V(ed/3)
+by+O
Were
Have
S+ + been +
V(ed/3)+by+O
Has
Will
Can
S+ Shall + be +

Ved/3+by+O
Ought to
Should

* Một số trờng hợp bị động khác:
a. Bị động với have / get something done : Hình thức bị động này đợc sử
dụng để nhấn mạnh rằng hành động của ch thể đợc thực hiện của ngời
khác.
Eg: + Someone painted Johns flat yesterday.
John had his flat pạinted yesterday.
b. Bị động với hình thức nguyên thể (infinitive) và danh động từ (gerund ).
Eg: + We dọnt want to be refused entry.


+ She hates being photographed.
c. Bị động với các động từ chỉ quan điểm ( verbs of opinion ): believe, know,
say, report, think, Hình thức bị động này thờng đợc sử dụng khi ngời
nói muốn tránh đề cập tới chủ thể thực hiện hành động.

Hoặc:

It + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + that +
clause.
S + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + to-inf/to have + PII(ed/cột
3).

Eg: + People believe that David left New Zealand last week.
It is believed that David left New Zealand last week.
David is believed to have left New Zealand last week.
* Chú ý : - Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các đại từ nhân xng nh

I/you/we/they/she/he/it/ hoặc các phiếm từ nh people/someone/somebody..
chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta không cần dùng by + O.
- Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các danh từ tên riêng hay các
danh từ chỉ giống và danh từ cụ thể chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta
phải sử dụng by + O.
I/ Rewrite these sentences, using the verbs in passive form with
"will/ can/ should/ must + be + past participle."
1. Some body will clean the room later.
->

..
2. You mustn't open this parcel until Christmas Day.
->

..
3. They can't make tea with cold water.
->

..
4. The students will hold a meeting before the Teacher's Day.
->

..
5. People can recycle tires to make pipes or floor coverings.


->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
6. They should send applications before December.

->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
7. The manage must sign the contract today.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
8. They will build the new bridge by the end of the year.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
9. We should use cloth bags instead of plastic bags.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
10. We can use the garbage to make fertilizer.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
II/ Rewrite the sentences, use the verbs in present passive form:
1. People use milk for making butter and cheese.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
2. The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
3. Careless driving causes many accidents.
->

…………………………………………………………………………
…..


4. Weeds cover the river bank.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
5. People speak English all over the world.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
6. They don't use this house very often.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
7. Do they teach French in this school?
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
8. They make a lot of beautiful toys from recycled plastic.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
9. The workers clean the streets every day.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
10. Do they usually hold the concerts at the university?
->

…………………………………………………………………………
…..
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1. Some body clean the house every day.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
2. How do people learn language?
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..


3. John will collect me at the airport.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
4. Mr. Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
5. Your teacher must sign this form.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
6. People play football all over the world.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
7. Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday.

->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
8. Will you invite her to your birthday party?
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
9. We can't wear jeans at work.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
10. Do they speak French and English in Canada?
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
11. They separated the rice from the husk.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
12. The boys made a fire by their camp.


->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
13. They build this house more than one hundred years ago.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
14. Every year Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice.

->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
15. Vietnamese people celebrate their Lunar New Year around January
or February.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
16. After Tet holiday Vietnamese people usually plant trees in their
neighborhood.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
17. How many festivals do you celebrate in your community?
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
18. How many motorbikes does Viet Nam import a year?
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
19. The publisher published his book in 1996.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
20. They repaired our desk during the weekend.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..

IV/ Use the passive and an infinitive to rewrite the sentences below:
Ex: 0. They asked me to repair the table.
-> I was told to repair the table.
1. They told him to stay home for three days.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
2. They asked Mr. Robinson to do the shopping.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
3. She told him not to talk in the class.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
4. Mr. Thompson allowed us to use his computer.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
5. He taught me to do the magic when I was a boy.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
6. They advised us to take a bus downtown
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
7. The organization asked him to take an English test.
->

…………………………………………………………………………
…..
8. They say that she is the best student in the class.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
9. They told us to go home and wait.


->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
10. The teacher told us to work harder on English pronunciation.
->
…………………………………………………………………………
…..
V/ Complete the second sentences so that it has the same meaning to the
first:
1. We must pay the bill at once.
-> The bill ………………………………………………………………
2. I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon.
-> Your
bicycle………………………………………………………………
3. Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases.
-> Many..
……………………………………………………………………
4. Does your country export rice to Britain?
-> Is rice
……………………………………………………………………
5. Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem in 1823.

-> The poem
………………………………………………………………
6. Christmas cards should be sent a week before Christmas day.
-> You
………………………………………………………………………
7. Nobody has used this machine for year.
-> This machine ..
…………………………………………………………
8. They use recycled plastic to make toys and utensils.
->
Recycled………………………………………………………………..
9. Tax free goods can be bought before you get on the plane.
-> You
……………………………………………………………………
10. The repairman is going to repair my car next week.


-> We are going to
have……………………………………………………
11.They can make tea with boiled water.
-> Tea ...................................................................
12. He is instructing all the workers of the plan at the moment.
-> All the workers of the
plan ...................................................................
13. A boy has just taken some of my books away.
-> Some of my books ...................................................................
14. They will hold the celebration before January.
-> The celebration ...................................................................
15. They have to repair their car.
-> Their car ...................................................................

16. The boys broke the window last night.
-> The window ...................................................................
17. People spend much money on advertising everyday.
-> Much money ..................................................................
18. Hung took some pictures of his father away yesterday.
-> Some pictures of his father .........................................................
19. They may use their rooms for the classrooms.
-> Their rooms ..................................................................
20. The teacher is going to punish some students.
-> Some students ...................................................................
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1. Peter is writing a letter to his friend
2. My friends making some phone calls in the evening
3. B ad drivers are causing many accidents
4. The children are eating a lot of sweets
5. Nam is repairing mt piano at the moment
6. they are demolishing the entire block
7. someone is cutting the glass now
8. that factory is producing more and more pollution
9. someone is showing her how to do it
10. the boys are planting some trees in the garden
11. Lan was prepairing that report when I came to see him
12. Waiters and waitresses were serving customers
13. The president was signig those papers


14. Was Mary helping her mother in the kitchen at that time?
15. The head teacher was making the announcement
16. Someone was cleaning the windows while I was there
17. They were preseting the athletes to the spectators when we came

18. Someone is making the coffee when I walk into the kitchen
19. They have sold their car to pay debts
20. No one has opened the window for ages
21. No one has ever asked me that question before
22. They haven’t done anything since he left
23. A doctor has just examined John
24. They haven’t used this machine for ages
25. Peter has sung this song
26. They have paid doctors a lot of money
27. She has eaten all the ages
28. Famous engineers have designed the aircraft
29. Have several people just seen the accident?
30. We have invited all the members to the party

III/ Change these sentences into active:
31. Lan is helped by the teacher
32. I am surprised by the news
33. The letter will be posted by Lan
34. The cake has been eaten by the children
35. That letter was written by Linda
36. You will be amazed by this news
37. The letter is going to be answered by the secrectary
38. Many people are employed by that company
39. The work will be done by Mr Manh
40. The window was washed by Mr Truong
41. This house was built in 1990
42. We have been invited to a party
43. That dictionary has been bought by my sister
44. Is spanish spoken in Peru?
45. Is English spoken by a large of people?

IV/Choose the best answer
1. They use cars and trucks to carry food to market
A. Cars and trucks are used to carrying food to market
B. Cars and trucks are used to carry food to market
C. Cars and trucks are use to carry food to market


Cars and trucks are used to carried food to market
We will meet him at the station
He will be met at the station
He will meet at the station
He will be meet at the station
He will be meeted at the station
How long have they done their work?
How long have their work been done?
How long has their work be done?
How long has their work been done?
How long have their work done?
No one could help him
He could be helped by no one
He couldn’t be helped by no one
He could be helped
He could helped
The gate is painted once a year
They paint the gate one a year
They painted the gate one a year
They are painting the gate one a year
D. They will paint the gate one a year
Food can’t be sold on the sidewalk
They can’t sold food on the sidewalk

They can’t be sold food on the sidewalk
They can’t sell food on the sidewalk
They can sell food on the sidewalk
The flowers shouldn’t be cut in this garden
You shouldn’t be cut the flowers in this garden
The flowers shouldn’t cutting the flowers in this garden
The flowers shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
D. You shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
When was this car bought?
When do they buy this car ?
When did they bought this car?
When did they buy this car?
When are they bought this car?
Why isn’t she taken to the cinema with them?
Why don’t they taken her to the cinema with them?
Why doesn’t she take to the cinema with them?
Why doesn’t she take them to the cinema?
D. Why don’t they take her to the cinema with them?
10. Who was she invited to the party by?
A. Who invited her to the party by?
B. Who invited her to the party?
D.
2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
3.
E.
F.

G.
H.
4.
I.
J.
K.
L.
5.
M.
N.
O.
P.
6.
Q.
R.
S.
T.
7.
U.
V.
W.
X.
8.
A.
B.
C.
D.
9.
A.
B.

C.


C.
D.

Whom invites her to the party?
Whom invited her to the party?