Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh

1. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
The piano manufacturing business in the US has seen dramatic changes in the
twentieth century, particularly over the past twenty years.. In 1900, there were
7,000 piano manufacturers, (1) _______ families that made pianos in their homes.
At that time, approximately one out of (2) _______ six people in the US was (3)
_______ in some aspect of the piano business, (4) _______ one considers the
production of raw or man-made materials used in constructing a piano. Today,
however, there are. (5) _______ about ten independent piano manufacturers and
just six major piano companies in the country. (6) _______ the transition (7)
_______ family to corporate ownership, the craftsmanship and pride (8) _______
the product seem to have remained high. This, along with use of the most modern
manufacturing techniques, (9) _______ the US piano industry of today healthy,
(10) _______ somewhat pared down from (11)_____ it was in the early 1900’s.
In the (12) _______ two decades, the US piano (13) _______ has been faced
with intense (14) _______ from the Koreans and the Japanese, the (15) _______
having already cornered twenty percent of the US market (16) _______ Yamaha
and Kawai pianos. In (17) _______, in Hamamatsu, Japan, where Yamaha is
manufactured, more pianos are made per year than in (18) _______ other part of
the world. But US manufacturers have risen quickly to (19) _______ challenge.
Piano companies are increasing their engineering know-how along with their
expertise in marketing. These firms are (20) _______ more efficient, profitable
methods, and new products that consumers can more easily afford, such as the
practical spinet, a much smaller and cheaper piano than the grand.
1.
2.
3.
4,
5.

A. including
A. every

A. related
A. which
A. almost

B. the
B. about
B. participated
B. and
B. only

C. whose
C. the
C. concerned
C. if
C. fewer

D. many
D. those
D. involved
D. even
D. least


6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

A. Although
A. of
A. in
A. helps
A. if
A. what
A. early
A. company
A. crisis
A. ones
A, by
A. time
A. the
A. meet
A. now

B. At
B. between
B. of
B. maintain
B. which

B. that
B. past
B. which
B. labour
B. shares
B. to
B. fact
B. any
B. defeat
B. much

C. Despite
C. from
C. relating
C. lead
C. this
C. when
C. next
C. industry
C. promotion
C. rate
C. with
C. short.
C. most
C. the
C. developing

D. By
D. the
D. made

D. makes
D. looks
D. last
D. recent
D. just
D. competition
D. latter
D. are
D. 1990’s
D. some
D. their
D. becoming

2. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Anyone familiar with the history of science has heard some version of the
history in which a researcher is going patiently about his daily grind - mixing
chemicals and looking into a microscope - when, quite by accident, he makes some
earthshaking discovery. Variations on the tale are (1) _______ but the moral is
always the (2) _______. Great breakthroughs can be (3) _______ planned nor
predicted. You just have to get lucky.
Consider, for example, the legend of (4) _______ Louis Pasteur developed the
cholera vaccine. (5) _______ to the standard account, the French chemist (6)
_______ never have realized that weakened microorganisms can activate the
immune system without causing illness (7) _______ he not gone away on vacation
(8) _______ the summer of 1879. Pasteur had been (9) _______ with chicken
cholera, the story (10) _______, and happened to leave his germ cultures (11)
_______ out when he left Paris for more than two months. Upon his (12) _______
he found that the germ cultures, (13) _______ still active, had become so (14)
_______ that they could no longer make a chicken sick. Consequently, he

developed a new set of cultures from a natural outbreak of the (15) _______ and
resumed his work. Yet he found, to his (16) _______, that the hens he had exposed
(17) _______ the weakened germs still failed to (18) _______ cholera. Only then
did it occur to Pasteur that he had accidentally immunized (19) _______. Stories
such as this (there are countless (20) _______ suggest that discovery is not
necessarily a product of well thought out scientific method or logical inquiry.
Rather, it is often a product of being at the right place at the right time.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

A. existing

A. same
A. not
A. famous
A. Up
A. who
A. has
A. since
A. studied
A. was
A. hang
A. arrival
A. which
A. less
A. disease
A. surprise
A. to
A. make
A. himself
A. others

B. true
B. other
B. neither
B. chemist
B. As
B. actually
B. had
B. on
B. dealt
B. goes

B. sitting
B. departure
B. were
B. strong
B. times
B. conclusion
B. were
B. find
B. them
B. amount

C. endless
C. truth
C. well
C. what
C. Compared
C. even
C. when
C. during
C. experimenting
C. tells
C. worn
C. return
C. though
C. healthy
C. cholera
C. disappointment
C. that
C. develop
C. cholera

C. number

D. shown
D. best
D. always
D. how
D. According
D. might
D. if
D. at
D. infectious
D. began
D. finding
D. trip
D. they
D. weak
D. germs
D. research
D. of
D. chicken
D. vaccine
D. ones

3. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
If you ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting,
they will say personality, intelligence, and sense of humour. But they’re probably
deceiving themselves. The characteristic that impresses people the most (1)
_______ meeting anyone, from a job applicant (2) _______ a classmate, is
appearance. Unfair (3) _______ it may seem, attractive people are frequently

preferred (4) _______ their less attractive peers. Research begun in the early ‘70s
has shown that (5) _______ only do good looks influence such things as choice of
friends and lovers, but they can also affect grades, selection of jobs, and (6)
_______ the outcome of a trial. The very first research on this (7) _______ showed
that the more attractive a person is, the more positive (8) _______ people will
attribute to him or her. Attractive people are viewed as (9) _______ happier, more
sensitive, more interesting, and having better character than their less attractive
counterparts.
Related research has investigated (10) _______ attractiveness influences sex
typing, the tendency of people (11) _______ assign certain stereotypical qualifies
to each sex. Along with (12) _______ the good qualities people associate (13)
_______ good looks, attractive people tend to fit easily into sexual stereotypes. For
example, attractive women are often (14) _______ as being more feminine and
attractive men as more masculine.
Good looks can be a serious (15) _______ for some people, (16) _______
women, in work situations that conflict with sexual stereotypes. For instance,
attractive women might be (17) _______ a real disadvantage (18) _______ they
aspire to occupations in (19) _______ stereotypically made traits, such as
aggressiveness, are considered (20) _______ for success.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

11.

A. when
A. for
A. that
A. than
A. the
A. intelligence
A. has
A. impression
A. being
A. that
A. can

B. for
B. to
B. advantage
B. from
B. not
B. to
B. research
B. the
B. the
B. how
B. to

C. is
C. as
C. as
C. by

C. people
C. even
C. phenomenon
C. characteristics
C. more
C. about
C. who

D. important
D. or
D. because
D. over
D. appearance
D. get
D. case
D. other
D. if
D. on
D. and


12.
13.
14.
15.

A. research
A. the
A. tending
A.

B. some
B. that
B. perceived
B. advantage

C. this
C. with
C. said
C. matter

D. all
D. also
D. consider
D. reason

16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

disadvantage
A. moreover
A. at
A. than
A. their
A. more

B. especially

B. in
B. when
B. which
B. negative

C. as
C. having
C. that
C. possessing
C. necessary

D. for
D. taken
D. because
D. some
D. as

4. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
The population of the world has increased more in modern times than in all
ages of history combined. World population totaled about 500 million in 1650. It
doubled in the period from 1650 to 1850. Today the population is more than three
billion. Estimates based on research by the United Nations indicate that it will
more than double in next twenty-five years, reaching seven billion by the year
2000.
1. By 1850, approximately what was world population?
A. 500 million

B. one billion

C. three billion

D.

seven

billion
2. World population doubled in the years between _______
A. 500-1650

B. 1650-1850

C. 1650-today

D. 1850-2000

3. According to this passage, by the year 2000 the earth’s population should
exceed the present figure by _______
A. 500 million

B. three billion

C. four billion

D. seven billion

4. In the text, the word totaled most nearly means _______
A. amounted of

B. counted about C. estimated

5. The word indicate in the text most nearly means _______

D. guessed


A. show

B. point

C. come to

D. approximate

4. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Parents often have dreams for their children’s futures. They hope their children
will have a better life than they had. They dream that their children will do things
that they couldn’t do. Parents who come to the U.S. from foreign countries hope
their children will have better education here. They think their children will have
more career choices and more successful lives. They make many sacrifices so that
their children will have more opportunities. They think their children will remain
close to them because of this. .Some children understand and appreciate these
sacrifices and remain close to their parents. However, other children feel ashamed
that their parents are so different from other Americans.
1. Parents often dream of _______.
A. their children’s making a lot of money in the future.
B. one day seeing their children become famous people.
C. one day living on their children’s money.
D. a bright future for their children.
2. Parents who come to the U.S. from foreign countries hope that _______
A. their children will have a lot of careers.

B. their children will become successful directors.
C. their children will have more opportunities for good education.
D. their children will make a lot of sacrifices.
3. Parents think their children will remain close to them because _______
A. they give their children a lot of money,
B. they know their children will be successful in their lives.
C. of their sacrifices
D. they are living in a foreign country.
4. The word career most nearly means _______.


A. education

B. travel

C. subject

D. profession

5. The word close most nearly means _______.
A. dear

B. friendly

C. helpful

D. kind

4. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Every four or ten years, something happens to the weather system. Everything

changes, and scientists don’t understand why.
People call this ‘El Nino’. It usually happens at Christmas time and El Nino is
the Spanish name for the baby Jesus.
The El Nino that started in 1982 was different from the other recent ones. It
caused huge changes in the ocean currents. It caused floods in some areas and
droughts in others. There were terrible windstorms and huge ocean waves swept
houses into the sea. It did billions of dollars worth of damage. Thousands of people
lost their lives and thousands of others were left homeless.
In 1983 the winds, ocean currents and pressure areas started to become normal
again. Scientists throughout the world are using satellites and research boats to
observe the atmosphere and the ocean. It is a very complicated problem, but if the
scientists of the world work together, they should be able to find out the causes of
El Nino. Then they will be able to predict what will happen and work to prevent a
repeat of the death and destruction of 1982-1983.
1. How often does El Nino happen?
A. every four years

B. every ten years

C. every fourteen years

D. every four or ten years

2. The 1982 El Nino was _______.
A. a small one B. a different one C. a drought

D. a storm

3. The 1982 El Nino caused _______.
A. droughts

B. floods

C. windstorms

4. Scientists around the world are _______.

D. all are correct


A. studying El Nino
C. looking for it

B. watching it
D. worrying about it

5. El Nino _______.
A. causes damage

B. is mysterious

C. is a natural phenomenon

D. A, B and C

7. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Many people are unaware of how pesticides affect our food supplies Health
risks are the inevitable result. Pesticides can run off into nearby streams where they
are carried from their original dispersal site. This is how pesticides end up in
drinking water, fish and games. And because of wind, rain, and evaporation,

residues routinely show up in animals in the remotest parts of the world. For
example, if grain fields or rough lands are sprayed with pesticides, residues can
show up in poultry, eggs, milk, and butter. The end result is that every food we eat
carries pesticides a the inevitable consequence of spraying crops with these
poisons. And human exposure doesn’t even end there: residues are transferred from
mother to child through the placenta and mother’s milk.
1. The main idea of this paragraph is that _______.
A. pesticides pose great danger to human life
B. pesticides poison our drinking water by entering our groundwater and
streams
C. pesticide residues spread throughout our food chain
D. pesticide residues are found throughout the world
2. According to the paragraph, children ingest pesticides by the way of _______
A. eating poultry and eggs

B. various foods and liquids

C. contaminated drinking water

D. their mother’s milk

3. Pesticide residues wind up in poultry, eggs, and butter because _______
A. crops grown for animal feed are sprayed with pesticides


B. cows and chickens drink large quantities of contaminated water
C. farmers are careless about cleaning their fields after harvest
D. pesticides become harmless after killing insect pests
4. A lesson that can be learned from the use of pesticides is that _______.
A. canned or frozen foods are much safer than fresh produce

B. most of us can avoid the effects of pesticides by washing our fruits and
vegetables
C. before World War II, farmers were able to grow crops without pesticides
D. our government should ban pesticides used in our food
5. Which of the following sentences is an opinion?
A. Pesticides end up in drinking water, fish, and games.
B. The government exaggerates the danger of pesticides in our food supplies.
C. Residues are transferred from mother to child through the placenta.
D. The food we eat contains pesticides from crop sprays.
8. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
One step beyond automated machines is the industrial robot, the heart and brain
of which is the microcomputer. Unlike most automated machines, industrial robot
can be programmed to do a variety of tasks that are usually accomplished by
human factory workers. Like their human counterparts, industrial robots can be
switched from one job to another and can be programmed to handle new tasks.
Thus far, robots have found their greatest use in assembling mechanical
components. However, they are swiftly branching from basic assembly operations
to construction and mining, and their most glamorous use of all, the exploration of
oceans and outer space.
1. The author’s main purpose in writing this passage is to _______.
A. describe the industrial robot and its use
B. narrate a story about the industrial robot


C. compare the industrial robot to human factory workers
D. argue the advantages of the industrial robot
2. The word handle could best be replaced by which of the following _______
A. do

B. make

C. succeed

D. hand

3. The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _______
A. types and uses of automated machines
B. how industrial robots are used in exploration
C. the uses of the microcomputer
D. how robots assemble mechanical components
4. The passage would most likely be found in _______.
A. an entertainment magazine
C. a book of short stories

B. a medical journal
D. a popular science journal

5. It can be concluded from this passage that _______.
A. robots will never replace human factory workers
B. industrial robots are not as versatile as automated machines
C. the microcomputer will soon be used in automated machines
D. additional uses will be found for the industrial robot
9. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Water if our life source. It makes up 70% of our bodies, and the average person
usually spends 18 months of his life in the bath or shower
But we are only now learning how to look after water. Acid rain has polluted as
many as 18,000 lakes and our seas. And rivers are polluted with waste products. It
is now very expensive to try to repair the damage which has been done. We have
some hope for the future, though, because new sources of water have been
discovered. People living in the Sahara Desert have found fish swimming in deep

underground streams. Scientists also believe there is a huge lake underneath
London. If we have learnt anything from our mistakes, we will try to keep these


new areas of water clean.
1. According to the text, _______.
A. man knew how to look after water long ago
B. man has so far used water very carefully
C. water is extremely important to life
D. clean water is unlimited
2. This is from _______
A. a letter
C. an advertisement
B. a newspaper report
D. a theatre programme
3. The word discovered most nearly means _______
A. invented

B. found

C. started

D. operated

4. The writer is _______
A. saying how to repair the damage caused by acid rain.
B. giving information about waste products.
C. emphasizing the importance of looking after water.
D. giving information about new sources of water.
5. The word huge most nearly means _______

A. long

B. deep

C. hidden

D. big

10.Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
A popular theory explaining the evolution of the universe is known as the Big
Bang Model. According to the model, at some time between ten and twenty billion
years ago, all present matter and energy were compressed into a small ball only a
few kilometers in diameter. It was, in effect, an atom that contained in the form of
pure energy all of the components of the entire universe. Then, at a moment in time
that astronomers refer to as T=0, the ball exploded, hurling the energy into space.


Expansion occurred. As the energy cooled, most of it became matter in the form of
protons, neutrons, and electrons. These original particles combined to form
hydrogen and helium, and continued to expand. Matter formed into galaxies with
stars and planets.
1. Which sentence below best summarizes this passage?
A. The Big Bang theory does not account for the evolution of the universe.
B. According to the Big Bang Model, an explosion caused the formation of the
universe.
C. The universe is made of hydrogen and helium.
D. The universe is more than ten billion years old.
2 According to this passage, when were the galaxies formed?
A. Ten billion years ago
C. At T = 0

B. Fifteen billion years ago
D. Twenty billion years ago

3. The environment before the Big Bang is described as all of the following
EXCEPT _______.
A. compressed matter
B. energy
C. all the components of the universe
D. protons, neutrons, and electrons
4 The word compressed could best be replaced by _______.
A. excited

B. balanced

C. reduced

D. controlled

5. The word it refers to _______.
A. energy

B. space

C. expansion

D. matter