Bài đọc hiểu tiếng anh

1. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Cabbage is a very common vegetable native to England and northwestern France but
now grown in many parts of Europe, Asia, and the American continents. There are three
kinds of cabbage, and all have the common characteristic of leaves grown very close
together, forming a hard, round head. The three types are white, savoy, and red. While
the white and red cabbages have prominent veins in their leaves, the Savoy has wrinkled
and blistered leaves.
Cabbage seeds are quite small. Farmers normally sow the seed in rows that are about
36 inches apart. After young plants have sprouted, the rows are thinned to allow a space
of 18 to 24 inches apart between plants. Cabbage is a biennial. Farmers normally grow it
one year, store it during the winter, and replant it in the spring to produce seed. By
controlling the temperature to which the plant is subjected in this way, farmers can
produce either heads or seeds.
1. Where was cabbage originally found?
A. All over the world.

B. In France and England.

C. In Europe, the Americas, and Asia.

D. In Asia.

2. What is the main difference given in the passage between the types of cabbage
mentioned?
A. Taste.

B. Method of cultivation.

C. Appearance.

D. Ability to withstand cold.

3. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the cabbage?
A. Loose leaves and soft heads.
B. Biennial growing season.
C. Being grown successfully in many parts of the world.
D. Small seeds.
4. How are the young plants cultivated?
A. Foot and a half to two feet apart, in rows that are three feet from the adjacent rows.
B. In rows that are 18 to 24 inches from nearby rows.
C. In three-foot rows, very close together.


D. No closer than 36 inches from the next plant.
5. What is a biennial?
A. Something that is able to fertilize seeds without another plant.
B. A member of the cabbage family.
C. Something that grows over a two-year period, alternating between producing
plants and seeds.
D. Something that cannot withstand cold temperatures.
2. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Over the past 600 years, English has grown from a language of few speakers to
become the dominant language of international communication. English as we know it
today emerged around 1350, after having incorporated many elements of French that was
introduced following the Norman invasion of 1066. Until the 1600s, English was, for the
most part, spoken only in England and had not extended even as far as Wales, Scotland,
or Ireland. However, during the course of the next two centuries, English began to spread
around the globe as a result of exploration, trade (including slave trade), colonization, and
missionary work. Thus, small enclaves of English speakers became established and grew
in various parts of the world. As these communities proliferated, English gradually
became the primary language of international business, banking, and diplomacy.

Currently, about 80% of the information stored on computer systems worldwide is in
English. Two-thirds of the world’s science writing is in English, and English is the main
language of technology, advertising, media, international airports, and air traffic
controllers. Today there are more than 700 million English users in the world, and over
half of these are nonnative speakers, constituting the largest number of nonnative users
than any language in the world.
1. What is the main topic of this passage?
A. the number of nonnative users of English
B. the French influence on the English language
C. the expansion of English as an international language
D. the use of English for science and technology


2. The word emerged in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by which of the following
_______.
A. appeared

B. hailed

C. frequented

D. engaged

3. Approximately when did English begin to be used beyond England?
A. in 1066

B. around 1350

C. before 1600

D. after 1600

4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word stored in paragraph 2?
A. bought

B. saved

C. spent

D. valued

5. According to the passage, approximately how many nonnative users of English are
there in the world today?
A. a quarter million

B. half a million

C. 350 million

D. 700 million

3. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
FIRE FIGHTING
How to fight a fire
Anyone who uses fire-extinguishers should know a few basic facts about how to make
them work. This leaflet will tell you the most important things to remember if you have
to put a fire out.
Water extinguishers
You can put most fires out with water extinguishers. However, you should not use
water extinguishers if the fire involves electrical equipment or if it has been started by

flammable liquids such as petrol or parafin.
As in all fires, make sure that the wind is behind you-if you do this, the smoke will blow
away from you. Point the jet of water at the bottom of the fire and move it slowly higher.
Remember that you should only use extinguishers for small fires. If there is any
danger of the fire spreading to anything that can explode-a gas cylinder for example-you
should not try to put the fire out yourself. Instead, leave the building immediately and call
the fire brigade.
Foam extinguishers


You can use a foam extinguisher for fires caused by burning liquids such as petrol.
Never point the jet directly into the liquid itself, as this may make it splash and spread the
fire. Instead, try to point the extinguisher up into the air so that the foam goes up and falls
on top of the burning liquid.
Whatever the kind of fire, do not stand up straight-if you can stay down, this will help
you to avoid the smoke, and you may be able to get closer to the fire. Get out of the
building at once if you think your escape route might be cut off by smoke or fire.
Carbon Dioxide extinguishers
Some fire extinguishers are filled with a gas called carbon dioxide. You can use these
to put out fires which have been caused either by electrical equipment or flammable
liquids. If the fire has been caused by electrical equipment, switch the equipment off and
point the extinguisher straight at the fire. If the fire has been caused by a liquid like
petrol, point the extinguisher at the nearest edge of the fire, and move it from side to side.
Remember, never stay in a building if it is dangerous to do so, or if the fire grows beyond
your control. Make sure you are standing near an exit in case this happens.
1. Water extinguishers can be used _______.
A. on the majority of small fires
B. unless the wind is blowing the wrong way
C. on fires that involve liquids like petrol
D. to put out fires in electrical equipment

2. According to the text, you should leave the burning building _______.
A. as soon as the fire alarm goes off
B. as soon as you discover a fire
C. if the smoke is blowing towards you
D. if there is a risk of something blowing up
3. If you use a foam extinguisher, you need to _______.
A. aim it at the centre of the liquid that is burning
B. try and cover the liquid with the foam
C. aim it at the edge of the liquid


D. get as close to the fire as possible
4. You should not stand up to fight a fire _______.
A. if the fire involves electrical equipment
B. under any circumstances
C. because this will allow you to keep a safe distance
D. because extinguishers are heavy to carry
5. The overall purpose of the text is to _______.
A. persuade people to buy an extinguisher
B. explain how fire extinguishers work
C. tell people how to use extinguishers
D. train professional fire-fighters
4. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
The agricultural revolution in the 19th century involved two things: the invention of
labour-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labour-saving
machinery naturally appeared first where labour was scarce. “In Europe,” said Thomas
Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labour being abundant; here it is
to make the most of our labour, land being abundant.” It was in the United States,
therefore, that the great advances in 19th century agricultural machinery first came.
At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plough, farmers could

have carried practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs; by
1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most
important of the early inventions was the iron plough. As early as 1790 Charles Newbold
of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plough and spent his entire
fortune introducing his invention. The farmers, however, were not interested in it,
claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many
people devoted their attention to the plough, until in 1869 James Oliver of Indiana turned
out the first chilled-steel plough.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The need for agriculture advances to help feed a growing population.


B. The development of safer machines demanded by the labour movement.
C. Machinery that contributed to the agricultural revolution.
D. New Jersey as a leader in the agricultural revolution.
2. Which of the following can be inferred from what Thomas Jefferson said?
A. Europe was changing more quickly than the United States.
B. Europe had greater need of farm machinery than the United States did.
C. The United States was finally running out of good farmland.
D. There was a shortage of workers on United States farms.
3. What point is the author making by stating that farmers could carry nearly all their
tools on their backs?
A. Farmers had few tools before the agricultural revolution.
B. People in the United States were traditionally self-reliant.
C. Life on the farm was extremely difficult.
D. New tools were designed to be portable
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements about Charles Newbold
is true?
A. He was James Oliver’s assistant.
B. He was born in Europe.

C. He was opposed to scientific agriculture.
D. He spent his own money promoting his invention.
5. Why did farmers reject Newbold’s plough?
A. Their horses were frightened by it.
B. They preferred lighter tools.
C. It was too expensive.
D. They thought it would ruin the land.
5. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Hydrogen, the lightest and simplest of the elements, has several properties that make
it valuable for many industries. It releases more heat per unit of weight than any other
fuel. In rocket engines, tons of hydrogen and oxygen are burned, and hydrogen is used


with oxygen for wedding torches that produce temperatures as high as 4,000 degrees F
and can be used in cutting steel. Fuel cells to generate electricity operate on hydrogen and
oxygen.
Hydrogen also serves to prevent metals from tarnishing during heat treatments by
removing the oxygen from them. Although it would be difficult to remove the oxygen by
itself, hydrogen readily combines with oxygen to form water, which can be heated to
steam and easily removed. Hydrogen is also useful in the food industry for a process
known as hydrogenation. Products such as margarine and cooking oils are changed from
liquids to semisolids by adding hydrogen to their molecules. Soap manufacturers also use
hydrogen for this purpose.
Hydrogen is also one of the coolest refrigerants. It does not become a liquid until it
reaches temperatures of - 425 degrees F. Pure oxygen gas is used in large electric
generators to cool the coils. In addition, in the chemical industry, hydrogen is used to
produce ammonia, gasoline, methyl alcohol, and many other important products.
1. What is the author’s purpose in the passage?
A. To explain the industrial uses of hydrogen
B. To describe the chemical properties of hydrogen

C. To discuss hydrogenation
D. To give examples of how hydrogen and oxygen combine
2. How can hydrogen be used to cut steel?
A. By cooling the steel to a very low temperature
B. By cooling the hydrogen with oxygen to a very low temperature
C. By heating the steel to a very high temperature
D. By heating the hydrogen with oxygen to a very high temperature
3. The author mentions all of the following as uses for hydrogen EXCEPT _______
A. To remove tarnish from metals
B. To produce fuels such as gasoline and methyl alcohol
C. To operate fuel cells that generate electricity
D. To change solid foods to liquids


4. The word them in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
A. fuel cells

B. metals

C. treatments

D. products

5. It can be inferred from the passage that hydrogen _______.
A. is too dangerous to be used for industrial purposes
B. has many purposes in a variety of industries
C. has limited industrial uses because of its dangerous properties
D. is used in many industries for basically the same purpose
6. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States,

researchers have become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors
that trigger heart attacks. High-fat diets and “life in the fast lane” have long been known
to contribute to the high incidence of heart failure. But according to new studies, the list
of risk factors may be significantly longer and quite surprising.
Heart failure, for example, appears to have seasonal and temporal patterns. A higher
percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience heart
failure on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more
susceptible to heart attacks in the first few hours after waking. Cardiologists first
observed this morning phenomenon in the mid-1980, and have since discovered a
number of possible causes. An early-morning rise in blood pressure, heart rate, and
concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of blood flow to the heart,
may all contribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between the hours of 8:00 a.m.
and 10:00 a.m.
In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been implicated as risk factors.
Statistics reveal that heart attack rates increase significantly for both females and males in
the few days immediately preceding and following their birthdays. And unmarried men
are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts. Though stress is thought
to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research
continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how heart failure is triggered.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?


A. Risk factors in heart attacks.
B. Seasonal and temporal patterns of heart attacks.
C. Cardiology in the 1980s.
D. Diet and stress as factors in heart attacks.
2. The word potential in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by which of the following?
A. harmful

B. unknown

C. primary

D. possible

3. The word trigger in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A. involve

B. cause

C. affect

D. encounter

4. According to the passage, which of the following is not possible cause of many heart
attacks?
A. Decreased blood flow of the heart

B. Increased blood pressure

C. Lower heart rate

D. Increase in hormones

5. The word phenomenon in paragraph 2 refers to which of the following?
A. habit

B. illness

C. occurrence

D. activity

7. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
Western people rely on technical and mechanical solutions in everything they do.
Refrigerators preserve their food, washing machines clean their clothes and computers
are supposed to solve all their problems. When they are ill, they rely on the surgeon’s
knife. If their hearts are running down, then they must be repaired, they should be
replaced, just as an old car sometimes gets a new engine. But up to now we have had a
shortage of donors to give their hearts: to keep one person alive, another donor had to die.
Nowadays there are more and more talks about using monkeys. Every monkey has a
near-human heart, and humans have always been over careful in respecting the lives and
well-being of other animals. This includes the life and well-being of other humans.
Therefore in the early years of the 21st century-I was told -the mass killings of monkeys
may occur. We’ll need to use their hearts for human consumption.
Monkeys, of the whole, are happier creatures than their near relatives, Homo Sapiens,
or man. They know fear, of course, and they face real dangers, but they are also more
intelligent than us. They create no unnecessary dangers for themselves; they run no


businesses, chase no money, are unimpressed by gold-that utterly useless metal, and they
do not care at all about hell or evil spirits. I have a vague feeling that it is not monkeys’
hearts that we ought to implant in ourselves, but monkeys’ brains.
1. According to the author, Westerners believe health problems can be solved by
_______
A. spending more money on scientific research
B. taking more precautions
C. using technical or mechanical methods
D. increasing the number of doctors
2. The problem with heart transplants has been that _______.

A. artificial hearts do not work very well
B. there are not usually enough donors
C. some of the heart donors are too old
D. many people die after the operations
3. The author suggests that in the future _______.
A. people will care less about their human being
B. monkey hearts will form part of our diet
C. monkeys will become extinct
D. monkey hearts will be used in transplant operations
4. The author says that monkeys _______.
A. live in a relatively safe world in the jungle
B. are not capable of feeling emotions like fear
C. are not capable of logical thinking
D. are usually more content than humans
5. The author suggests that _______.
A. human beings will return to a more natural lifestyles
B. we are wrong to think of ourselves as cleverer than monkeys
C. monkeys would be better at running the world than humans
D. scientists should work out how to do brain transplants


8. Hãy đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời tốt nhất trong số A, B, C và D.
The forest from which man takes his timber is the tallest and most impressive plant
community on Earth. In terms of man’s brief life it appears permanent and unchanging,
save for the seasonal growth and fall of the leaves, but to the forester it represents the
climax of a long succession of events.
No wooded landscape we see today has been forest for all time. Plants have minimum
requirements of temperature and moisture and, in ages past, virtually every part of
Earth’s surface has at some time been either too dry or too cold for plants to survive.
However, as soon as climatic conditions change in favour of plant life, a fascinating

sequence of changes occurs, called a primary succession.
First to colonize the barren land are the lowly lichens, surviving on bare rock. Slowly,
the acids produced by these organisms crack the rock surface, plant debris accumulates,
and mosses establish a shallow roothold. Ferns may follow and, with short grasses and
shrubs, gradually form a covering on plant life. Roots probe even deeper into the
developing soil and eventually large shrubs give way to the first trees. These grow
complete domination closing their ranks and forming a climax community which may
endure for thousands of years.
Yet even this community is not everlasting. Fire may destroy it outright and settlers
may cut it down to gain land for pasture or cultivation. If the land is then abandoned, a
secondary succession will take over, developing much faster on the more hospitable soil.
Shrubs and trees are among the early invaders, their seeds carried by the wind, by birds
and lodged in the coats of mammals.
For as long as it stands and thrives, the forest is a vast machine storing energy and the
many elements essential for life.
1. Why does the forest strike mankind as permanent?
A. The trees are so tall.
B. It is renewed each season.
C. Our lives are short in comparison.
D. It is an essential part of our lives.


2. What has sometimes caused plants to die out in the past?
A. interference from foresters.

B. Variations in climate,

C. The absence of wooded land.

D. The introduction of new types of plants

3. In “a primary succession”, what makes it possible for mosses to take root?
A. The type of rock.

B. The amount of moisture.

C. The amount of sunlight.

D. The effect of lichens.

4. What conditions are needed for shrubs to become established?
A. Ferns must take roots.
B. The ground must be covered with grass.
C. More soil must accumulate.
D. Smaller plants must die out.
5. Why is “a secondary succession” quicker?
A. The ground is more suitable.
B. There is more space for new plants.
C. Birds and animals bring new seeds.
D. It is supported by the forest.