LESSON SEQUENCE OF TENSES

LESSON : SEQUENCE OF TENSES
(SỰ PHỐI HỢP CÁC THÌ)
Main Clause
Adverbial clause
A/ PRESENT
1. Simple Present (when) Simple Present

2. Simple Present

(while) Present Continuous

3. Simple Present

( before) Present Perfect

4. Present Perfect
B/ FUTURE
1. Simple Future

Meaning
Customary
activity
(thói quen,
thông lệ)
Emphasize
the
continuous nature of
the activity
Emphasize
the
completion

of
the
activity

(since) Simple Past
PRESENT
(until/ as soon as/ when..)
Simple Present
2. Simple Future (when/ as soon as / after) Present Emphasize
the
Perfect
completion
of
the
activity
3. Future Perfect (when/ by the time /before)
Simple Present
4.
Future (when, at the time)
Continuous
Simple Present
C/ PAST
PAST
1. Simple Past
(whenever / when) Simple Past
Customary
activity
(thói quen,
thông lệ) in the past
2.

Past (when) Simple Past
Continuous
3. Simple Past
(while,
when,
as)
Past
Continuous


4.
Continuous

Past (while) Past Continuous

5. Simple Past
6. Past Perfect

Two or more actions
happen at the same time
in the past

(after / when/ as soon as) Past
Perfect
(before/ when) Simple Past

EXERCISE
1.Lan has learnt English since she......................................a small girl.
A. is
B.was

C.has been
D. had been
2. Don’t go anywhere untill I ....................................back.
A.come
B.came
C.will come
D.am
coming
3. Before cars .................................., people ...........................horses and bicycles.
A. were discovered/ had used
B.dicovering/ had used
C.had discovered/ used
D.discovered/ had used
4. I am going to speak with the boss when the meeting _______.
A. will end
B. ends
C. is ending
D.
would end
5.When we.........................him tomorrow, We will remind him of that.
A. will see
B.see
C.am seeing
D.saw.
6. When he comes , I ……………her the news .
A. tell
B. will tell
C. would tell
D . would
have told

7. When the police came , they ……………
A. are fighting
B. fought
C. would be fighting D. were
fighting
8. Before she came to England , she ………… English .
A. studied
B. will study
C. had studied
D was
studying
9 I have lost touch with him …………. he left for London .
A. as soon as
B. after
C. before
D. since
10 My mother is washing the dishes …………… my father is watching television .
A. when
B. while
C. as
D. since
11. _______, I will give him the report.
A. When he will return
B. When he returns
C. Until he will return
D. No sooner he returns


12. _______ the firemen arrived to help, we had already put out the fire.

A. Until
B. No sooner
C. By the time
D. After
13. I have earned my own living _______ I was seven.
A. since
B. when
C. while
D. as soon
as
14. We saw many beautiful birds _______ in the lake.
A when we are fishing
B. while fishing C. while fished
D.
fishing
15. _______, Peter came to see me.
A. While having dinner
B. While I was having dinner
C. When having dinner
D. When lam having dinner
16. _______ my homework, I went to bed.
A. After I had finished
B. After finished
C. Finished
D.
After had finished
17. _______ the dance, Jerry said good-bye to his girlfriend.
A. Before left B. Before he leaves C. Before leaving
D. Before he will
leave

18. Jones _______ after everyone _______.
A. speaks / will eat B. will speak / has eaten
C. is speaking / eats D. has spoken / will have eaten
19. _______, Joe stays in bed and reads magazines.
A. Whenever raining B. As it will be raining C. When it will rain
D.
Whenever it rains
20. _______ in Rome than he was kidnapped.
A. No sooner he arrived
B. Had he no sooner arrived
C. No sooner had he arrived
D. No sooner he had arrived
21. _______ Peter gets here, we will congratulate him.
A. As soon as
B. After
C. No sooner
D. Since
22. Mrs. Pike _______ the door before the customers arrived.
A. had opened
B. will open
C. would open
D. has
opene
23. After Mariana _______ her exam, I _______ her out to eat.
A. was finishing / would take
B. finished / had taken
C. will finish / have taken
D. has finished / will take
24. Mary will have finished all her work _______.
A. as soon as her boss returned

B. until her boss will return
C. by the time her boss returns
D. when her boss will return
25. She went on crying, with her head sunk into a pillow, and cried and cried
_______ the pillow was wet through.


A. before
while

B. after

C. until

D.

Transformation tense
Đổi thì khi viết câu: Quá khứ thường ó Hiện tại hoàn thành
1. started / began + to-V / V-ing + time ago

à S + have / has + V3 + since / for + time
à S + have / has + been + V-ing + since / for + time
2. When + did + S + start/ begin + V-ing?

à How long + have /has + S + V3?
3. S + have / has + not + V3 + since / for + time

à S + last + V2 + time ago
à It’s + time + since + S + V2.
à The last time + S + V2 + was + time ago

4. S + have / has + never / not + V3 + before

à This / It is the first time + S + have / has + V3
S + have / has + never / not + V3 + such + (a/an) + N + before
à This is the first time + S + have/has + V3 + such + (a/an) + N
ž This / It is the most + long adj + N + S + has / have + ever + V
( 3 / ed ) .
the short adj + EST + N + S + has / have + ever + V ( 3
/ ed ) .
EXERCISE
Rewrite the second sentence in such a way that it has the same meaning as
the one before it
1. I have never read such a romantic story before.
-->This is________________________________________________________
2. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
-->We have_________________________________________________________
3. How long is it since they bought the house?
-->When___________________________________________________________


4. It’s years since we decorated this room
.-->We haven’t _____________________________________________________
5. She hasn’t been to the hairdresser for three months.
-->It’s _____________________________________________________________
6. This is the most famous person I’ve ever met.
-->I have __________________________________________________________
7. They last visited me five years ago
=>They haven’t ____________________________________________________
8. I haven’t been to Bristol for 3 years
-->The last time _____________________________________________________

9. Laurence hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan
=>Laurence last_____________________________________________________
10. Lucy hasn’t worn that dress since Barbara’s wedding
=>The last time _____________________________________________________
11. My sister has studied French for 2 years
-->My sister began___________________________________________________
12. I have never seen such a mess in my life.
-->It’s _____________________________________________________________
13. Robert and Catherine have been married for 4 years.
=>It’s _____________________________________________________________
14. When did Catherine and Henry get engaged?
àHow long_________________________________________________________
15. I have never seen a dirtier-looking dog.
-->It’s _____________________________________________________________
16. Mary rang hours and hours ago .
-->It’s_____________________________________________________________
17. Tom is ill. He became ill three days ago.
-->Tom ____________________________________________________________
18. It’s 2 years since she left university.
-->She ____________________________________________________________
19. I have never tasted such a delicious cake in my life
=>This is___________________________________________________________
20. How long is it since you saw Mary?
-->When___________________________________________________________
21. No one has challenged his authority before.


E This is the first
time...........................................................................................................
22. I haven’t been to the dentist’s for two years.

EIt’s ............................................................................................................
............................
23. I spent seven years at secondary school and then I went to university.
E
After .......................................................................................................................
............
24. Since the invention of computer, people have saved a lot of time.
ESince the computer
was ....................................................................................................
25. This is the last time I go to this restaurant.
EI
certainly..................................................................................................................
.......
26.I last saw Bob when I was in Ho Chi Minh City.
EI
haven’.....................................................................................................................
.............
27.The last time we met each other was ten years ago.
E We
haven’t ...................................................................................................................
....
28. This is the most delicious cake I have ever tasted.
EI.................................................................................................................
..............
29. No one has seen Hoa since her birthday.
E The last
time ........................................................................................................................
....
30. I haven’t been to the dentist’s for two years.
E It’s …………………………………………………….………………………………….………………………………………….

31. The last time I saw him was in 1995.


EI haven’t ........................................................................................................
.......................
32. I have never read such a romantic story.
EThis is ...........................................................................................................
....................
33. The snow started this morning and it is still snowing. (been)
EIt.. .........................................................................................................since
this morning.
34. He came to live here two years ago. (for)
EHe...................................................................two years
35. This is not our first time at a rock concert.(already)
EWe................................................................................to a rock concert.
36. I am still tidying my room.(finished)
EI................................................................my room yet.
37. She arrived a few minutes ago.(just)
EShe........................................................arrived.
38. This is their first visit to the Caribbean islands.(never)
EThey................................................................the Caribbean islands
before.
39. I first started to play the guitar when I was sixteen. (since)
EI have.........................................................................................I was
sixteen
40. I started this letter a week ago. (writing)
EI.........................................................................this letter for a week.