05 09 answer keys natural sciences

Answer Keys
Activity 5:

Unit 1 Module A
Activity 1:
a. G
 reenfreeze is the world’s first ozone safe
technology for domestic refrigerators.
b. The advertisement is warning us about ozone
layer depletion.
c. Greenfreeze doesn’t affect the ozone layer.
d. Industrial chemicals called halocarbons are
destroying the ozone layer.
e. S
 uggested answer: Avoid using aerosols, cars
and pesticides.

reduces pollution from certain products such as
car oil and batteries; prolongs the life of limited
reserves of other natural resources such as wood;
saves energy: gives jobs to hundreds of people by
creating new industries

Activity 6:
Students’ own answers

Unit 1 Module B

a. ...has already taken place.
b. ...reported existing alternatives to CFCs and
other ozone depleting chemicals.

c. ...non-toxic.
d. ...contributes to avoid ozone layer depletion.
e. ...without harming the ozone layer.

Activity 3:

plastic

paper and
card

a. a
 ir pollution, noise pollution, water pollution
b. The telephone is ringing, his sister is playing
the drums, his mother is calling them, his mp3
headphones are at top volume.
c. hypertension, stress, sleep disturbances and
hearing loss.
d. It can cause death to several species, and some
may become extinct; whales may get stranded
on the beach.

Activity 2:
food waste

a. think; b. doesn’t; c. can be; d. can’t

Activity 3:
a. 1, 2, 3, 4; b. 1, 2, 3, 4; c. 2, 3; d. 2, 3
glass, cloth

and metal

Activity 4:

Activity 4:
Students’ own answers

Activity 5:
Students’ own answers

a

c
d

b
Unit 2 Module A
Activity 1:
a. 4; b. 3; c. 1; d. 2

English Toolkit 1 - Natural Sciences

Photocopiable © Ediciones Santillana S.A. / Richmond 2011

Activity 1:

Activity 2:


Answer Keys

Activity 2:
a. F ossil fuels are remains formed millions of years
ago from plants and animals that died and
disintegrated under tons of soil and rock. The
most important types are coal, oil and
natural gas.
b. Coal is used to produce electricity. Oil enables
us to use means of transport. Natural gas is
mainly used to produce heat, for industrial
processes and, in some countries, it is used as
fuel as well.

Nationality: French
Occupation: chemist and microbiologist
Theory: the relevance of germ theory to
infectious disease, surgery, hospital management,
agriculture and industry / germ theory of disease.
Early 1860s: began working on fermentation
Demonstration: yeast is a microorganism that
converts sugar into alcohol
Discovery: pasteurisation

Activity 4:
Students’ own answers

Activity 3:
Activity 5:

a. T; b. T; c. F; d. F

Activity 4:
a. 5; b. 1; c. 4; d. 2; e. 6; f. 3

Unit 3 Module A

Activity 5:
Suggested answers: a. Natural gas is mainly
used for heating and industrial processes.;
b. Lights in a room contribute to global warming.

Activity 6:
Students’ own answers

Activity 1:
They show a forest fire, a tornado and a volcano.
A forest fire may happen naturally or be caused
by man. A tornado and a volcano eruption
happen naturally.
Students’ own answers

Activity 2:

Unit 2 Module B
Activity 1:
a. T; b. F; c. T; d. F; e. F; f. T; g. T; h. F

Activity 2:
a. physician; b. fever; c. work; d. techniques;
e. disease; f. ordered; g. greatly; h. views

Activity 3:
Name: Louis Pasteur
Born in: 1822
Died: 1895

a. T
 he greenhouse effect is a natural
phenomenon but it is enhanced by man.
b. Because the process is the same as that in a
greenhouse.
c. It leads to an increase in the levels
of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide,
methane, nitrous oxide, water vapour and
chlorofluorocarbons) in the atmosphere.
d. G
 lobal warming has changed the Earth’s
atmospheric balance with effects in Polar
Regions. Part of the ice caps is melting,
raising the height of the world’s oceans and
producing floods in low-lying areas of the
world.

English Toolkit 1 - Natural Sciences

Photocopiable © Ediciones Santillana S.A. / Richmond 2011

Students’ own answers


Answer Keys

e. T
 he causes of global warming are human
activities such as the burning of fossil
fuels, deforestation, the use of fertilisers in
agriculture, decomposition of garbage and the
use of refrigerators and air conditioners.

Activity 3:
Students’ own answers

Activity 4:
Students’ own answers

Activity 3:
a. increase; b. cool off; c. atmosphere;
d. balance

Activity 4:

Unit 4 Module A
Activity 1:
a. 1; b. 3; c. 4; d. 2

a. 3; b. 1; c. 2

Activity 5:
a. ...radiating heat energy (infrared
radiation) back up towards space.; b. …the
levels of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide,
methane, nitrous oxide, water vapour and

chlorofluorocarbons) in the atmosphere.; c. …the
enhanced greenhouse effect.; d. …the enhanced
greenhouse effect / global warming.; e. …has
affected the Polar Regions.; f. ...floods in lowlying areas of the world.

a. Correct; b. Turbines transform wind into
power but they need to be installed where wind
blows at constant speed.; c. Hydroelectric plants
kill fish because they change water level and
temperature.; d. Rubbish pollutes the air when it
is burned.

Activity 3:
Source of energy

Advantages

Disadvantages

sunlight

unlimited / non polluting

only available where sun

wind

provides power for many

only available where wind

people

blows at constant speed

water

inexpensive / non polluting

affects ecology

rubbish

abundant / cheap

highly polluting

Activity 6:

shines

Students’ own answers

Unit 3 Module B
Activity 1:

Activity 4:

Students’ own answers

Students’ own answers

Activity 2:
a. ...addicted to baseball.; b. ...went to the
game.; c. ...practises sports all day long.;
d. ...steroids are very dangerous.; e. ...perhaps
Ed just loves sports.

Activity 5:
Students’ own answers

Activity 6:
Students’ own answers

English Toolkit 1 - Natural Sciences

Photocopiable © Ediciones Santillana S.A. / Richmond 2011

Activity 2:


Answer Keys
Unit 4 Module B
Activity 1:
Students’ own answers

Activity 2:
a. B
 ulimia and anorexia.
b. The ideal of a perfect body.

c. Mass media, peers’ influence, excessive
concern, obsession with physical appearance, a
distorted body image, society…

Activity 3:

Activity 4:
a. 7; b. 4; c. 1; d. 2; e. 6; f. 5; g. 8; h. 3

Activity 5:
Students’ own answers

Activity 6:
Students’ own answers

English Toolkit 1 - Natural Sciences

Photocopiable © Ediciones Santillana S.A. / Richmond 2011

a. 3; b. 2; c. 1; d. 4; e. 5