islcollective worksheets preintermediate a2 intermediate b1 upperintermediate b2 adults high school present perfect simp 19386284854849f91dad3d4 35839132

Subject + have/has + past participle
Amanda has eaten a cake

FORM

AFFIRMATIVE
SENTENCE

NEGATIVE SENTENCES

I have cleaned my room

I have not bought a car

I’ve cleaned my room

She hasn’t found her watch

He has cleaned the room.

It has not eaten a bone

She’s bought a car

You’ve not swum in the sea

We’ve written a letter

We’ve not ridden a horse

They have swum in the sea

They haven’t watched TV

QUESTIONS
Have I cleaned the room?
Has he cleaned his room?
Have you eaten?
Have we been here before?
Have they seen London?

We use the present perfect tense:
1. It is always connected with the present and the only thing which matters here is the result: the time

when the action took place is of no importance
Siempre implica una conexión entre el presente y el pasado, y lo único que importa es el resultado; el
momento en el que se realiza la acción no es importante o no se menciona
I have lost my keys. I can’t open the door.
2. For something that started in the past and past but is important at the time of speaking:

Para hablar de acciones pasadas que tienen consecuencias o están conectadas con el presente
They’ve been married for nearly fifty years
3. For something we have done several times in the past and continue to do:
He has written three books and he is working on another one.
4. Questions in the Present Perfect never start with when, We would start with How long…?

Jamás WHEN puede ir con presente perfecto y ninguna pregunta que empiece con WHEN puede llevar
el verbo en presente perfecto
When did it start raining?
How long has it been raining?
5. To talk about actions which finished very recently ( in these cases words such as recently, lately, just,

etc… appear in the sentence)
Para hablar de acciones que acaban de terminar o que han terminado recientemente hace muy poco
tiempo

I have just finished my homework
We often use the present perfect with time adverbials which refer to the recent past:


TIME PHRASES:
Already
yet
Of late
Since
This week

ever
so far
lately
this is the first time
this year

SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS +

just
till now
recently
this morning/evening

ALREADY

JUST
EVER
NEVER

never
up to now
for
today

+ PAST PARTICIPLE

JUST= ‘a short time
ago’: ‘acaba de’
(hace poquito tiempo)
Would you like something to eat? No, thanks. I’ve just eaten
ALREADY= when something happened sooner tan expected: ‘ya’ (algo ha ocurrido antes de lo previsto)
What time is Mark leaving? He’s already gone.
YET= ‘until now’ shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. Only used in questions and
negative sentences:
solo para frases negativas = ‘todavia’ y frases interrogativas = ‘ya’ ---se coloca a final de frase
Have you finished your homework yet
SINCE
We often use a clause with since to show when
FOR
something is started in the past:
We use for when we say a period of time:
desde una fecha concreta (cuando comienza algo)
durante un periodo de tiempo

Sally’s been working here for six years

They’ve been staying with us since last week
I have worked here since I left school.


EVER VS. NEVER
When we are talking about our experience up to the
present:
Note: we often use the adverb ever to talk about
experience up to the present:
We also use ever in questions (to ask if at some
time they have done…)
My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had.
Note: and we use never for the negative form:
Have you ever met George?
Yes, but I’ve never met his wife

BEEN VS. GONE
We use the present perfect of be when someone has
gone to a place and returned:
A: Where have you been?
B: I’ve just been out to the supermarket.
But when someone has not returned we use
have/has gone:
A: Where is Maria? I haven’t seen her for weeks.
B: She’s gone to Paris for a week. She’ll be back
tomorrow.