Color for design màu sắc trong thiết kế

What is color?
Color is the byproduct of the spectrum of light, as it is reflected or absorbed, as received
by the human eye and processed by the human brain. Color is the visual perceptual
property corresponding in humans to the categories called red, yellow, blue, black, etc.
Color derives from the spectrum of light (distribution of light energy versus wavelength)
interacting in the eye with the spectral sensitivities of the light receptors.

Importance of color
Color is a language. Color is one of the most fulfilling elements in our lives. Color can
attract your attention or change your mood. It speaks to who you are, how you feel and
where you're going. At Sherwin-Williams, we can help you put together the perfect colors
for your life.
Color is one of the first things you notice when you walk into a room. Is it any wonder
that color, and how you use it, is one of the most important decorating decisions you'll


make in your home? Inside your home, the latest colors and the way they're applied give
voice to your personality and décor.
Color sets a mood. From floor to ceiling, paint color reflects your style and makes a
personal statement of what home means to you.
Color unites one-of-a-kind accent pieces with manufactured items throughout your home.
Electrifying hues, inspired by technology, bring a touch of whimsy to spaces that also
feature natural carved wood, woven textiles and wrought iron. Bright colors are further
enhanced when paired with large areas of negative space.

Color attributes
Hue
Hue, saturation, and brightness are aspects of color in the red, green, and blue (RGB)
scheme. These terms are most often used in reference to the color of each pixel in a
cathode ray tube (CRT) display. All possible colors can be specified according to hue
saturation, and brightness (also called brilliance), just as colors can be represented in

terms of the R, G, and B components. In hue there are three types of colors primary,
secondary, and tertiary.


Primary colors
In fine arts, there are three primary colors: red,
blue, and yellow. They are called primary colors
because they cannot be created by mixing other
colors. Primary colors for the basis for color
theory or color mixing, as using these three
colors it's possible to mix most other colors.
"Primary" colors are either imaginary or
imperfect. That is, primary colors are either
imaginary sensations you cannot see — and
"colors you can't see" aren't really colors — or
they are actual lights or paints that cannot mix
all possible colors, which means they aren't
really "primary".
Red, Blue, and Yellow

Secondary colors
They're located in-between the primary colors to
indicate what colors they're made from.
Secondary colors are usually more interesting
than primary colors, but they do not evoke
speed and urgency. Secondary colors are colors
produced by combining two of the primary
colors in equal amounts. The secondary colors,
also called binary colors, are violet, green, and
orange. Primary and secondary colors are

fundamental colors in the subtractive theory of
color.


Tertiary colors
Tertiary colors are combinations of primary and
secondary colors. There are six tertiary
colors; red-orange, yellow-orange, yellowgreen, blue-green, blue-violet, and red-violet.
In compounding these names, such as “red”
with “orange” to make “red-orange,” place the
primary name first to indicate an excess of the
primary over the other color.

Value
Color value is a term that refers to how light or dark
a color is. Value is an important characteristic
because it helps quilters decide how to arrange
patches of fabric to make them either blend or
contrast with each other.

Tint
The light tones resulting when white are mixed with a color. Much white makes a color
cold.

Shade


The shade of a color refers to how dark it is. It is the combination of a hue and black.
Thus, burgundy is a shade of red, hunter is a shade of green, and rust is a shade of orange.
Shades of a color offer a deeper and richer feeling in decorating and can be used to make

any room feel cozier.

Shade

Tint

Tones
Tons are created when gray is added to colors. Adding
gray results in colors that are less intense versions of
pure colors.

Saturation
Saturation is similar to chroma in that a color is said to be more saturated if very little
gray is present. While there are distinct differences between the two dimensions, suffice
to say that a color space's outer edges will house the most saturated colors.


Color harmonies
Harmony can be defined as a pleasing arrangement of parts, whether it be music, poetry,
color,
or
even
an
ice
cream
sundae.
In visual experiences, harmony is something that is pleasing to the eye. It engages the
viewer and it creates an inner sense of order, a balance in the visual experience. When
something is not harmonious, it's either boring or chaotic. At one extreme is a visual
experience that is so bland that the viewer is not engaged. The human brain will reject

under-stimulating information. At the other extreme is a visual experience that is so
overdone, so chaotic that the viewer can't stand to look at it. The human brain rejects
what it can not organize, what it can not understand. The visual task requires that we
present a logical structure. Color harmony delivers visual interest and a sense of order. In
summary, extreme unity leads to under-stimulation, extreme complexity leads to overstimulation. Harmony is a dynamic equilibrium.

Cool color
Colors like blue, green, and purple (violet).
These colors evoke a cool feeling because they
remind the things like water or grass. It gives an
impression of calm, and creates a soothing
impression. Colors like blue, green, and purple
(violet). These give an impression of calm, and
create a soothing impression.

Warm color
The colors of red, orange, and yellow are considered
warm colors because they are the colors of fire. These
hues are also said to advance, meaning they appear to
come forward, making the walls feel closer. Thus,
they can actually make a room feel cozy when used in
decorating.


Monochromatic Color Scheme
The monochromatic color scheme uses variations in
lightness and saturation of a single color. This
scheme looks clean and elegant. Monochromatic
colors go well together, producing a soothing effect.
The monochromatic scheme is very easy on the

eyes, especially with blue or green hues.

Analogous Color Scheme
The analogous color scheme uses colors that are
adjacent to each other on the color wheel. One color
is used as a dominant color while others are used to
enrich the scheme. The analogous scheme is similar
to the monochromatic, but offers more nuances.

Complementary Color Scheme
The complementary color scheme consists of two
colors that are opposite each other on the color
wheel. This scheme looks best when you place a
warm color against a cool color, for example, red
versus green-blue. This scheme is intrinsically highcontrast.


Triadic Color Scheme
The triadic color scheme uses three colors equally
spaced around the color wheel. This scheme is
popular among artists because it offers strong
visual contrast while retaining harmony and color
richness. The triadic scheme is not as contrasting
as the complementary scheme, but it looks more
balanced and harmonious.

Tetradic (Double Complementary) Color
Scheme
The tetradic (double complementary) scheme is the
most varied because it uses two complementary

color pairs. This scheme is hard to harmonize; if all
four hues are used in equal amounts, the scheme
may look unbalanced, so you should choose a color
to be dominant or subdue the colors.

Color wheel

Understanding
wheel and using
your artwork is

the
color
color theory in
a good idea


for any artist, and especially for oil painters. In this article I’ll go through the basics of
color theory (using a traditional artist’s color wheel) and explain ways that oil painters
and other artists can make use of that information.
In the color wheel pictured above, there are twelve colors. Although they might be selfexplanatory, starting from the top and going around clockwise they are: Yellow, Yelloworange, Orange, Red-orange, Red, Red-violet, Violet, Blue-violet, Blue, Blue-green,
Green, and Yellow-green.

Color Psychology
Like death and taxes, there is no escaping color. It is
ubiquitous. Yet what does it all mean? Why are
people more relaxed in green rooms? Why do
weightlifters do their best in blue gyms? Colors often
have different meanings in various cultures. And even
in Western societies, the meanings of various colors

have changed over the years. But today in the U.S.,
researchers have generally found the following to be
accurate.

Black

Black is the color of authority and power. It is popular in fashion because it makes people
appear thinner. It is also stylish and timeless. Black also implies submission. Priests wear
black to signify submission to God. Some fashion experts say a woman wearing black
implies submission to men. Black outfits can also be overpowering, or make the wearer
seem aloof or evil. Villains, such as Dracula, often wear black.

White
Brides wear white to symbolize innocence and purity. White reflects light and is
considered a summer color. White is popular in decorating and in fashion because it is
light, neutral, and goes with everything. However, white shows dirt and is therefore more
difficult to keep clean than other colors. Doctors and nurses wear white to imply sterility.


Red

The most emotionally intense color, red stimulates a faster heartbeat and breathing. It is
also the color of love. Red clothing gets noticed and makes the wearer appear heavier.
Since it is an extreme color, red clothing might not help people in negotiations or
confrontations. Red cars are popular targets for thieves. In decorating, red is usually used
as an accent. Decorators say that red furniture should be perfect since it will attract
attention. The most romantic color, pink, is more tranquilizing. Sports teams sometimes
paint the locker rooms used by opposing teams bright pink so their opponents will lose
energy.

Blue

The color of the sky and the ocean, blue is one of the most popular colors. It causes the
opposite reaction as red. Peaceful, tranquil blue causes the body to produce calming
chemicals, so it is often used in bedrooms. Blue can also be cold and depressing. Fashion
consultants recommend wearing blue to job interviews because it symbolizes loyalty.
People are more productive in blue rooms. Studies show weightlifters are able to handle
heavier weights in blue gyms.

Green

Currently the most popular decorating color, green symbolizes nature. It is the easiest
color on the eye and can improve vision. It is a calming, refreshing color. People waiting
to appear on TV sit in "green rooms" to relax. Hospitals often use green because it relaxes
patients. Brides in the middle Ages wore green to symbolize fertility. Dark green is
masculine, conservative, and implies wealth. However, seamstresses often refuse to use
green thread on the eve of a fashion show for fear it will bring bad luck.


Yellow

Cheerful sunny yellow is an attention getter. While it is considered an optimistic color,
people lose their tempers more often in yellow rooms, and babies will cry more. It is the
most difficult color for the eye to take in, so it can be overpowering if overused. Yellow
enhances concentration, hence its use for legal pads. It also speeds metabolism.

Purple

The color of royalty, purple connotes luxury, wealth, and sophistication. It is also
feminine and romantic. However, because it is rare in nature, purple can appear artificial.

Orange

Hinduism, Buddhism, energy, balance, heat, fire, enthusiasm, flamboyance, playfulness,
aggression, arrogance, gaudiness, over emotion, warning, danger, autumn, desire.

Brown

Calm, depth, natural organisms, nature, richness, rusticism, stability, tradition,
anachronism, boorishness, dirt, dullness, filth, heaviness, poverty, roughness, earth,
October, Capricorn, wholesomeness, steadfastness, simplicity, friendliness, and
dependability.

………………………………………………………………………….rishu