HỌC VIỆN MẠNG BẮC THĂNG LONG
CCNA Exploration
Phần 1- chương 6.
Địa chỉ mạng IPv4
Hà Nguyên Long
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES – MỤC TIÊU
Sau khi kết thúc chương này, bạn có thể:
●Trình bày được cấu trúc địa chỉ IPv4, biểu diễn được địa chỉ IPv4 qua số hêệ thâệp phân và nhị phân
●Phân biêệt được các loại địa chỉ: địa chỉ mạng, địa chỉ máy, địa chỉ quảng bá, địa chỉ riêng, địa chỉ công côệng…
●Tính toán được địa chỉ dùng cho mạng, máy và các thiết bị mạng…
●Sử dụng được môệt số lêệnh cơ bản để kiểm tra mạng
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Contents
6.1. IPv4 Address – Địa chỉ IP v4
6.2. Addresses for Different Purposes - Các địa chỉ mạng dùng cho các mục đích khác nhau
6.3. Assinging Address - Gán địa chỉ mạng
6.4. Is it on my network – Nhâận dạng địa chỉ mạng
6.5. Calculating Address – Tính toán địa chỉ
6.6 Testing the Network Layer – Kiểm tra lớp mạng
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6.1. IP v4 Address
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The anatony of an Ipv4 address
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Binary to Decimal Conversion
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Binary to Decimal Conversion
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Binary to Decimal Conversion
Practice
01010001
10110011
81
179
01011101
00110011
93
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11011010
218
51
11111010
250
00100100
36
10100110
166
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Decimal to Binary Conversion
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Decimal to Binary Conversion
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Decimal to Binary Conversion
Practice
87
146
01010111
10010010
29
189
00011101
10111101
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230
11100110
172
10101100
18
00010010
203
11001011
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6.2. Addresses for Diferent Purposes
Các địa chỉ mạng dùng cho các mục đích khác nhau
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Type of Address in an IPv4 Network
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Type of Address in an IPv4 Network
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Type of Address in an IPv4 Network
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Network Prefix – Tiền tố mạng
The prefix length is the number of bits in the address that gives us the network portion. For example, in
172.16.4.0 /24, the /24 is the prefix length - it tells us that the first 24 bits are the network address.
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Network Prefix - Example
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Network Prefix - Example
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Unicast, Broadcast, Multicast – Types of Communication
Unicast - the process of sending a packet from
one host to an individual host
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Unicast, Broadcast, Multicast – Types of Communication
Broadcast - the process of sending a packet
from one host to all hosts in the network
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Unicast, Broadcast, Multicast – Types of Communication
Multicast - the process of sending a packet
from one host to a selected group of hosts
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Public and Private Address
Although most IPv4 host addresses are public addresses designated for use in networks that are accessible on the
Internet, there are blocks of addresses that are used in networks that require limited or no Internet access. These
addresses are called private addresses.
Private Addresses
The private address blocks are:
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0 /8)
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0 /12)
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0 /16)
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Public and Private Address
Network Address Translation (NAT)
With services to translate private addresses to public addresses, hosts on a privately addressed network can have
access to resources across the Internet. These services, called Network Address Translation (NAT).
Public Addresses
These addresses are designed to be used in the hosts that are publicly accessible from the Internet.
There are many addresses that are designated for other special purposes.
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Public and Private Address
Activity at 6.2.5
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IP Address Classes
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