Oxford solutions 2nd edition advanced workbook

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Compound
adjectives

What's on the
box?

• Writing

• Reading

• Use of English

looking into the
future

Reading

Get Ready for your Exam 4

Get Ready for your Exam 5
Exam Challenge p.93

p.73

p.91

• Reading

• Reading

Cumulative Reviews p.97

• Writing

Lord of the Flies

Narrative tenses

Photo comparison

Review

Marriage in the UK love conquers all

Verb patterns

Negotiation

An article

Protest songs

Conditionals

Discussion

Discursive essay

Arthur Miller and
All my Sons

• listening

• listening

• Speaking

A new direction

• Speaking

Family tensions

Fighting for

equality

)aques-Yves
Cousteau

Ell ipsis

Presentation

Article: describing
a person

The meaning of
dreams

The European
dream?

Sweet dreams?

Reporting
structures

Photo comparison

Story-writing

• Use of English

• Writing

• listening

• Speaking

The travel bug

Early migration to
Australia

Time travel

Adding empasis

Presentation

letter of
complaint

Food or fuel?

Youth culture

Food of the future

Modal verbs

Stimulus-based
discussion

A report

• Use of English

• Writing

• listening

• Speaking

In confidence

The secret agent

Hoaxes

Passive structures

Drawing
conclusions

Opinion essay

Threats to our
planet

Happy endings?

Immortality

Complex
sentences

Presentation

Opinion essay

• Use of English

• Writing

Vocabulary Builder p.l02

• Listening

• Speaking

Functions Bank p.l13

Writing Phrases Bank p.llS

Writing Bank p.l17

Wordlist p.121


Beginnings
VOCABULARY AND LISTENING

lA

Jcan talk about childhood memories.

Find eight adjectives to describe feelings (-+V,,).
I W 0
Y B

Memories

D

K Y

I

S T R A U G H T

A A D

I

0 V E R W H E L
X F M T S Y N G 0
W R R E 0 N E N S
I 0 C D S 0 A M E
T Z V 0

M E D E
2 She recognised him immediately. (once)

P R T B

E E E E

3 He's working at his father' s shop for now. (being)

N D E W

T C U S F S X Q I
C C U P I E D L

4 They'll be here very soon. (any)

H P R E 0

I

Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets so that
the second sentence has the same meaning as the first.
1 I've asked you repeatedly to keep the noise down . (time)

C R H C R

I

4

E N T A

T E D

D

I

S 0

R

I

A

I

C A S S T Q S C E

S Everybody makes mistake s occasionally. (while)

<\

N C N

J M W W E 0 T 0 R
L U N E Z R X T E

6 My brother was still a baby then . (at)

W H 0

T

R

N U M M E R U E D S G Z D

2 ..'1 hi ch of the words from exercise 1 describe how you might
'ee l in situations 1-7?
1 You wake up after a deep sleep and have no idea what

5

ti me it is or where you are. _ __
2 Yo u arrive late at the airport and discover you don't have

affected appropriate
mobile responsible

your passport. _ __
3 You're trying to choose a dish from a menu, but there are
so ma ny to choose from you don't know where to start.
_ You get homework from four different teachers . They all
wan t you to hand in the hom ework tomorrow. _ _ _
5 You're at a party where you hardly know anybody.
You feel too shy to say much. _ _ _
You 're worried about an exam you ' re taking tomorrow
an d are unable to concentrate on anything else. ._ _
- You want to confront a classmate who you suspect of
stea ling money but need to be very careful how to go about

omplete the sentences with the words in the box and
-a tch the beginnings of the sentences with their endings.
evocative hindsight ingrained
recollection reminisce

recall

---

• With _ __ _

- .\s l _ __ _ ,

a his flat is on the third floor .
b _ _ __ of meeting her.

3 Sh e loves to

c a very

- .; woo d fire has

d

have no
_ - hat song is now

smell.

about old times .

e _ _ __ in my memory.
f

I should never have gone
there alone .

Write the adjectives in the correct box to make them
negative.

un

~

Im

ir

6

approval

logical

.n

~

dis

il

Complete the sentences with prefixes from A and words
from B.

A
B
anti
clockwise
cooked
co
mis
employed
self
heard
super
sensitive
under
starred
1 I used to work for a company but now I'm ___ .
2 She got food poisoning after eating some _ __
chicken.
3 Stand in a circle and pass the ball round in an _ __
direction.
4 Don't mention her accent. She's _ __ about it.
S What's the name of the actor who _ __ with Jo
Depp in The Tourist?
6 I thought he said something rude to me but I f11 . g~:
have _ __ .
Unit 1 • Beginr ·-.s"

3


lB
1

Inheritance

REAL ENGLISH

I can talk about inherited characteristics.

"LISTENING 1 Listen to Annie talking about similarities
between herself and her parents. Are the sentences true or
false? Write T or F.
1 Facially, Annie and her mother are fairly alike. _ _
2 Annie and her mother have identical hairstyles . _ _
3 Annie thinks her face is very similar to her father's. _ _
4 Annie and her father both have a relaxed attitude to life.

2

1 The teacher confiscate d my phone.

Well. 'Iou will keep te'f.ting in claSS.
2 I found it really hard to get up this morning.

3 I'm freezing.

4 My grandmother' s been suspended from driving.

"LISTENING 1 Listen again and complete the phrases
Annie uses.

5 Joe was expelled from his last school.

1 Well, physically, _ _ _ _ _ _

1

suppose .

and me.
4 ... I've got a _ _ _ _ _ _ in me.
5 When it
taste, I reckon I've got
_ _ _ _ _ _ with my mum.
6 Is it something _ _ _ __ _ , or is it learned
behaviour?
Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets so that
the second sentence has the same meaning as the first.
1 It's easy to see that Paul and Joe are from the same
family. (strong / resembl ance)
There _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __

2 You can inherit pho bias from your parents. (genetically)
Phobia s _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _

3 In terms of po litics, Edward and his dad have similar
views. (common)

When _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____

4 Luke looks extremely similar to Matt Damon . (image)
Luke _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _____ _

5 My personality is very similar to my mum's. (after)
Persona lity-wise, _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _

4

Write logical responses to the sentences using will or would.

5 Annie's mother knows what kind of clothes Annie
likes. _ _

2 ... we're
of each other.
3 ... people say they can see _ _ _ _ _ _ my dad

3

5

Choose the correct words to complete the text. One or both
answers may be correct.

6 Before I went on a diet I weighed 75 kilos.

Being an identical twin has its ups and downs. On the
positive side, when Max and I were younger we lwould

never / never used to feel alone because we 2would
always / always used to have each other to rely on .

I 3used to / would be quite reserved and he was
outgoing so he 4would help / helped me out in social
situations. Unlike some twins, we Sdidn't use to /
wouldn't have our own language but we always knew

what the other 6 used to think / was thinking. Even
now we will often finish off each other's sentences . One
thing that I found difficult is that I 7 didn't use / used
not to feel like an individual and I 8 used to resent /
was resenting that sometimes. People used to see us

as a unit and call us 'the twins'.
What really gets on my nerves as I get older is that
people 9 are forever mistaking / forever mistake
me for Max. In my first year at sixth-form college
people used to l°think / were thinking I was rude
because I (or in reality, Max) lldidn't / didn't use to
say hello to them around the college. Now I 12say /
will say hello to everyone who says hello to me so that

they 13don't / won't think my brother's rude. But the
mistaken identity thing can be used to our advantage like when I 14borrowed / would borrow Max's driving
licence before I had passed my test.

:; ~g

-

ngs


le

(iI'Ju'liJj " The origins of English
I can understand and react to an article about the origins of English.

1 Complete the summary with words from the box.
alphabet Ang'to-Saxon borrowed Conquest
dictionaries disappear evolved farming
influenced non-native Old Norse
printing press:peUing
When Britain was invaded by Germanic tribes in the fifth
century, it took on the language of the invaders, known as
: _ _ _ or Old English. Many modern day words connected
.vit h 2_ _ _ come from this phase. Old English 3__ _ _
certain words from the Romans and also its 4_ __ .
t later took words from 5_ _ _ , the language of Viking
·1vaders.
:.Jter the eleventh century, Middle English began to
=_ _ . Its grammar became simpler as word inflections
_ _ _ . Many French words were introduced following the
' ~orman 8_ _ _ in 1066. The third phase, Modern English,
Jegan with the invention of the 9_ _ _ _ in the fifteenth
:en tu ry. The first 10_ _ _ were used in the 1700s and as
;: result the 11 _ __ of words became more stable. The
:: 1gu age continues to evolve, and is strongly 12 _ _
::: . the Internet and by the English spoken by 13 _ __

3Jea kers.
:: Ea d the text quickly, ignoring the gaps. Which three words
;:'e being described?
B_ _

:3

I~ :::;n plete

_

_

C_ _ _ _

the text with suitable words.

- ;e th e statements true or false? Write T or F.
- on eymoon used to have more positive connotations than

[El According to the lexicographer, Samuel Johnson, the
original meaning of this word suggests somewhat cynically
that marriage begins with the sweetness and tenderness
of honey, but soon wanes 3_ _ _ the moon. It still retains
those connotations today in the expression honeymoon
period which refers to the first stage 4_ _ _ a new
activity - a government's first tern1 in office, for example when people are prepared temporarily to ignore 5_ _ _
imperfections. Nowadays, in the context of marriage, the
pessimistic implications have faded and the word simply
refers to a holiday taken by a newly-married couple.

lm This word originated from Latin, where salarium, a
derivative of sal meaning 'salt', referred to 'an allowance
given to soldiers to buy salt'. In former times salt was a
valued commodity, over which wars were 6 _ __ . It was
not taken for 7_ _ _ as it is today. Use of the word soon
broadened out to the current meaning of 'fixed periodic
payment of work done' and passed in this sense via AngloNorn1an into English.

[Q] This word describes something stylishly luxurious.

- a honeymoon period, mistakes are tolerated. _

In Britain it also means somebody or something typical
8 _ _ _ the upper classes. It first appeared in the early
twentieth 9 _ _ _ and was widely 10 _ _ _ to be an
acronym for 'Port Out, Starboard Home', referring to the
location of the more desirable cabins on passenger ships
travelling 11 _ __ Britain and India. Those on the port
(left) side on the way out, and the starboard (right) on
the return trip, benefited from the sea breeze and shelter
from the sun. 12 _ _ _ it provides a very neat explanation,
there isn't a shred of evidence for it. A more plausible
solution is that the modern adjective, posh, is the same
word as the now obsolete noun posh, meaning 'dandy' (a
man who cares a lot about his clothes) a slang term current
in the late nineteenth century.

_ 5 ~ /Qry changed its meaning during the transition from

.'.-glo-Norman to modern English. _
:;~ s h has a popular explanation that has not been
3_Dstantiated. _

,vords in the text which match these definitions.
• :J La ke no notice of _ _ _ _ _
- :::::cam e wider _ _ _ _ _
_ :: .ery small amount _ _ _ __
!

tymology is the study of word origins. It is a subject
which seems to hold a remarkable fascination for
people, as can be seen from the numerous blogs and
Internet sites dedicated 1_ _ _ lengthy discussions
and speculations 2_ _ _ the origin of a given word.
Below are a few examples of words that are of particular
etymological interest.

E

: d oes today. _
- Koman times soldiers were paid with salt. _

_

£YCj~~jY

' ::cson able and likely to be true _ _ __ __

.: -: lO nger used ___ _ __

Unit 1 • Beginnings

I5


';jti'.]!ua Sporting origins
I can understand an article about the origins of different sports.

4
1

1 The main aim of Parko ur is to get f rom one point to
another as quickly as poss ible. __

Complete the sentences using appropriate adverbs or
adverbia l phrases from the box.

2 Some traceurs practised their sport in the Paris
underground . __

by and large categorically gravely loosely
resotutely staunchly strictly swiftly widely

_........_"'"

3 BASE jumping is more dangerous than skydiving. __

4 Carl Boenish was the first person to accomplish all four

1 She stuck
to her argument despite being
challenged by the interviewer.
~~~_ ,

2

types of BASE jump. __

I agreed with what he was saying.

5 When it first became popular in the USA, young people
wanted to participate in motocross but couldn't afford it.

3 When I realised I had put my foot in it, I ~~~_
changed the subject.

6 Stingray bikes were specially designed for cycling

4 The novel was ~~~_ based on the writer's own
life.

5 He

denied reading her diary.

6 The law case was
7 Sh e is

reported in the press.

opposed to capital punishment.

8 Flash photography is

Are the sentences true or false? Write T or F.

off road. __

5

Find words or ph rases in the text which match these
definitions.
1 a fence made of vertical metal bars (text A)

prohibited in this

museum .

9 Be careful wh en picki ng wild mushrooms. Certain
pes can make you
ill.

2 jump over in a single movement, using your hands to
push you (text A) ~~~~~__

3 brave acts (text A)

_~~~~__

4 a dishonest way of behaving (text B)

2

Q ic ly rea d t he text about three extreme sports. In which
(0
try did each sport originate?

:

B

C ______

5 achieves (text B) _~~~~__

6 became popular (text C)
7 imitating (text C)

3

e tex ts. Answer the questions A, B or C.
"

- = :: ':5 first international championships in 1982? __

3 :=g2 1 on a mud track and made its way to the world

s:ege? __
- : o:_urages participation in contests? __
J

~

-:::

,ed after the different categories of the sport? __

,,5 -2de fa mous by a programme which was primarily
,,:: _: 2 different sport? __
-

_0=5::: safer form of equipment for participants than
- "" , . -=-7
-- _.--

-

:-=

-~ ' :5

oractitioners to deal with life's problems? __

-- •. 2n ed as a low·cost alternative for another sport?
::52 set of beliefs? __

6

_~~~~__

_~~~~__

8 a sudden increase (paragraph C)

_~~~~__

c sport
,,5 '1Vent ed by people who found life dull? __

~

_~~~~__

5 ,,-:

· '1 a famous feature film? __

5 : -::-

::erformed illegally? __

• ::=5-- i ng s

Challenge!
What do you think motivates people to take up extreme
sports? Write a paragraph and give examples.


Runniing free
[A] In the early 1990s, in the town of Lisses, 50 minutes south of

Paris, a group of bored teenagers would hang out together in a
park after school. Uninterested in football or other conventional
games, they would entertain themselves by daring each other to
do stunts using benches, railings, walls and other park furniture .
From the park they moved into the streets, where every object
wa s viewed as something to be climbed up, vaulted over or swung
from. Their group leader was the exceptionally athletic seventeenyear-old, David Belle, who had been inspired by the heroic exploits
of his father, a renowned military firefighter, and by the martial
arts films of Bruce Lee. This group became the founders of
Parkour or Free-Running (although purists will insist that there is
a difference between the two) . More than just a sport, Parkour is
a discipline and art which aims to develop the body and mind to
be able to overcome obstacles with fluidity, efficiency and speed
and to apply these skills to the mental as well as the physical
challenges in life. In the late nineties, Parkour attracted a huge
underground following in France, and gradually emerged across
-he world and later entered the mainstream after featuring in the
llid-2000s in various documentaries and films , notably Casino
~oyale, starring Sebastien Foucan, another Parkour founder, as a
l'ee-running terrorist being chased over rooftops by James Bond.
'1any traceurs (practictioners of Parkour) campaign against
s popularisation, fearing that it will lead to commercialism
a'1d competition, which goes against its inherent philosophy.

iving on the edge
~ BASE jumping is an adventure sport which uses a parachute
:: Jump from fixed objects, which may either be natural features
:.:' man-made structures . 'BASE' is an acronym for the four types
': ' objects from which one can jump; Building, Antenna, Span
':' bri dge) and Earth (the word used for a cliff). BASE jumps

differ from traditional skydiving since they are me:'::: C
altitude with only a few seconds to deploy the parachL-:" 0:-.
take place in close proximity to the object serving as : _
platform. Owners of structures are generally relucta-:
them to be used as Jumping platforms, so many BAS:' _
resort to subterfuge in order to get to them . Modern ba sf: _
was invented in 1978 by Carl Boenish, who filmed a E-friends jumping from El Capitan (a vertical rock face) in 1:'::National Park, California. They were using a type of pa
which was more secure than earlier models and everyo ne :- J unharmed. Carl and other pioneers of the sport soon ca ~::
with the BASE acronym and developed the BASE number s )~-=
where anyone who accomplishes a jump of each type is assl§;-::
a BASE number, in sequence of the people who have com pIE::::
all four types before. Carl was BASE number 4. In 1984, -::
died after hitting a rock outcrop while BASE jumping in Norwc.
r

:_

Extreme biking
[9 Motocross, or 'off-road motorcycle racing', originated in Britain
in the 1920s. When the sport finally took off in the USA in the 1960s,
many teenagers had the desire, but not the means, to participate.
So instead they started emulating their motocross heroes on their
bicycles, wearing full motocross gear. In 1971, a motorcycle
racing documentary, On Any Sunday, is generally thought to
have inspired a movement which became known as BMX (bicycle
motocross) . In its opening scenes it showed teenage kids riding
their Stingrays, the most popular brand of custom bike, on an offroad dirt track, handling them with extraordinary skill and dexte rity.
The relatively low cost of participating in the sport coupled with
the wide availability of places to ride and do tricks meant that BMX

became an instant hit nationally. It swept across Europe in the late
70s and in 1981 the International BMX Federation was founded.
with the first world championships being held the followin g year.
In 2003, the International Olympic Committee voted to include
BMX racing in the 2008 Summer Games, in which 32 men and
sixteen women participated . As a result it enjoyed another surge in
popularity. Today there are over one thousand BMX tracks arou nd
the world and participation in BMX racing is at an all-time high.
Unit 1 • Beginn ings

7


-------------------------------------------~ ----

lE

GRAMMAR

Phrasal verbs
I can use phrasal verbs correctly.

1 Identify the phrasal verbs in the newspaper headlines and

2

write them in the correct column of the table below.

1 to cause to happen _

Const:ruction of new DNA
labo:rato:ry to go ahead

'Elephants cleverer than
humans when it comes
to mental arithmetic'
claims research

_ __

2 to not be completed _ _

_

_

_

_

3 to warn sb about something illegal _ _ _ __

Thousands go d~wn
with new flu VIrus
.-----~-----L

Scientists come
up with way
Police arrest
to generate

criminal after
synthetic blood twin brother
tips them off
~-------~~~

Write the phrasal verbs from exercise 1 next to their
meanings.

4 to find an answer _ _ _ _ _
5 to happen, to be done _ _ _ _ _
6 to become ill with _ _ _ _ _
7 to relate to a particular situation _ _ _ _ _
8 to think that sb is somebody else _ _

3

_

_

_

Rearrange the words to make sentences with phrasal verbs.
1 place / at / down / Manchester / offered / a / but / was /
she / turned / it / Laura / University

y----_______------.J

Plans for
National

ID card fall
through

2 people / are / Whilst / in / favour / do / away / of / the
monarchy, / others / some / think / with / it / we / should

3 meaning / keep / never / out / but / get / I / my / photos

Gunman kills innocent \'----------..--------./
'1'an after mistaking hi
lor drug-dealer
m

/ round / to / sort / it / I / to

4 some / bought / After / new / our / to / myself / up / my /
boyfriend / broke / clothes / off / relationship / I / cheer

'Genetics to bring about medical
breakthroughs' predict scientists
5 father / was / decided / it / not / My / over / to / go / in /
New York / but / after / for / it / job / offered / a / thinking /
he
Two-part verbs with no
object

1

2

4
Two-part verb where the
object can come between
or after the two parts, but
comes between the parts if
the object is a pronoun
Two-part verbs whose
object cannot come
between the two parts

3

Complete the sentences with the active, passive or
infinitive forms of the verbs in the box and an object
pronoun where necessary.

4

1 I don't trust her any more. She's _

5

2

6

3 He was born and _

_

I can't find the letter. It might have _
_

too often.
_

.

in Sydney.

4 That noise is difficult _ _ .
Three-part verbs whose
object cannot come
between the parts

5 She'll _ _
on holiday.

by her grandparents whilst her parents are

7
8

6 Could you _

_

at the traffic lights, please?

7 The company was forced _

8 How many people _

si

Unit 1 • Beginn ings

_

_

staff.

to the gig?


lF

'iQ¥iUJHM Discussion
I can express my opinions on ethical issues .

.c.cvrv

~
q~'OI'M BEFOREIT~ , STOP
o~~~e;j rOO lATE!:(. -l'

2 " LISTENING 2 Listen to two people discussing the subject
of GM food. Which of the following topics are mentioned?
a solutions to world hunger
D

b monopoly of the market by large
GM technology companies
D
c solutions to malnutrition
D
d environmental damage caused by GM products
D
e dangers to human health
D
f the ethics of interfering with nature
D

h'

BEFORE '
rOO LA ,';
L

Tb.

. . .... .'

3

"LISTENING 2 Listen again and complete the phrases the
speakers use.
1 It's
territory.
2 ...any change has its potential _ _ __ _ .
3 ...crops which can _ _ ___ _ agricultural conditions.

4 Surely you can't _ _ _ ___ that?
5 ... not if we end up poisoning people in the _ _ _ __ _ .
6 ... we're going to have to agree _____ _ .

4 "LISTENING 2 Match 1-8 with a-h to form expressions
for reacting to an opposing view. Which do you hear in the
discussion? Listen again and check.

omplete the text about genetically-modified (GM) food
'th words from the box. Are you for or against the ban?
campaign controversy crisis
armful laboratory term

crops

discredited

• -.::en GM food first hit British supermarket shelves in
"';96 this major revolution in food technology passed by
_-::lally unnoticed. It wasn't until 1999 that a "~_ _
~~ ~' eriment

which suggested that GM potatoes might

:.!.:::se indigestion in rats sparked a maj or 2 _

_

_

--,-:bough the experiment was subsequently
_ _ _ , it led to a massive European anti-GM food
_ _ _ which resulted in an unofficial ban on the
: __ . Lh and import of GM

5

in Europe. Public

:-.=..ion on GM crops remains divided today. Some
_

_ 4

suspicious about the 6

effects it may have

- 2:ealth and the environment in the long 7_

_

_

-=-::[s believe it could solve the world's food 8 _

_

1
2

3
4
5
6
7
8

I don't agree
There's no evidence
That's a fair
I see what
That argument doesn't
You take things to such
You can't be
Where will it

a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h

you mean .
make sense.
an extreme!
point, I suppose.
to prove it.

serious!
end?
with that argument.

5 Complete the sentences by choosing the correct word to
complete the common adverb-adjective collocations.
1 I always avoid environmentally unkind / unfriendly
products.
2 Ann was really offended. She couldn't believe how
politically false / incorrect the speaker was.
3 Ben's behaviour was completely / fully unacceptable.
4 Some think cigarette advertising is totally / widely unethical.
5 The GM industry argues that their work is perfectly /
virtually justifiable.
6 Many people think cloning is morally wrong / incorrect.
7 Banning research into this is roughly / virtually impossible.
8 Are designer babies widely / highly improbable?

6 Write a paragraph agreeing or disagreeing with the statemen t
_

below. Use the ideas in exercise 2 and include some
collocations from exercises 1 and 5.
All food containing genetically·modified products
should be banned.

I

Unit 1 • Beginnings

I9


1G

'@iUjlaa Describing an event
I can write an effective description of an event.
3

Preparation
1

Complete the description of an event using like, as or as

if.

Replace the adjectives in italics with a word with a similar
meaning from the box. There are two words that you do not
need.
apprehensive disillusioned eager perplexed
petrified remorseful unwilling uptight
1 He was reluctant to answer my questions.
2 I was nervous about driving abroad.
3 The player was baffled by the referee'S decision.
4 She admitted guilt but didn't seem very repentant.
5 He's so tense. He needs to relax a bit.
6 She's terrified of rats.

4
Last summer I went round France in a camper van with a

group of friends. Heading towards the ferry terminal we
felt totally elated as this was our first real taste of freedom .
None of us had travelled without our parents before. We had
brilliant fun cruising along, listening to music, playing games
and taking turns to drive the van .
All went well until we reached the suburbs of Paris at
about three in the morning. I was driving, while Archie
navigated us towards a campsite , and the other two slept
_ __ logs in the back. I was getting increasingly
annoyed with Archie who kept getting us lost. Eventually,
I got so irritated that he threw the map at me, told me to
find the campsite myself and then promptly fell asleep .
Feeling drowsy myself, I decided to abandon the campsite
idea and park on the roadside . Moments later I came
across what looked 2
an empty car park and
pulled in for the night.
A few hours later I woke up feeling disorientated, and
with the sensation that something was amiss. I opened the
door. What I then saw will be ingrained in my memory for
ever: hundreds of children staring at me 3
I was
a complete fool as I stood there wearing just my pyjama
bottoms. I had parked in a school playground! I stood
red 5
a beetroot,
motionless, my face 4
then I sheepishly climbed into the front of the van and drove
away 6 _ _ _ quickly and calmly 7_ _ _ 1 could, while my
friends slept on in the back, oblivious to the entire episode.

You have been asked to write about a memorable event in
your life. Make notes.
1 Where and when did it happen?

2 Who else was involved?
3 How did you feel?

4 What happened in the end?

5

Use your notes from exercise 4 to write a description of
the event following the writing guide below. Write 200-250
words.

Writing guide
1 Explain the general context, giving brief details of where and
when the event happened .
2 Describe the events leading up to the main event. Use the
model in exercise 1 as a guide.
3 Describe the event itself, giving details of how you felt.
4 Round off your story by explaining how the event affected
you or the other people .

CHECK YOUR WO

__~ ;-~

Have you:

2

followed the paragraph plan?
Find at least one example in the story of:
1 a short sentence used for emphasis or suspense .

used at least one short sentence to add emphasis or
build suspense?
included at least one simile?

2 a synonym that has been used to avoid repetition.

3 a simile used to create a clear description .

10

I Unit 1 • Beginnings

used synonyms to avoid repetition?
checked the number of words and made changes
if necessary?
checked your work for mistakes?


Stories
VOCABULARY AND LISTENING

2A
~ead

Compound adjectives
J can

talk about various aspects of stories.
4 Every day she manages to lose or forget something.
She's so _ _ _ _
5 The children watched the circus tricks in _ _ _ _
amazement.
6 In New South Wales (Australia)
people are
prohibited from using solariums.

the clues and do the crossword.

;cross
willing to accept behaviour that is different from your
own: _ _ -minded

2 petrifying: _ _ -raising
3 calm, able to make sensible decisions in difficult
situations: _ _ -headed
_ having confidence in yourself: self-_ _

3

S not carrying anything: empty-_ _
- able to think quickly, intelligent: quick-_ _

.3 oversensitive to criticism or insults: thin-_ _

_-,wn
• sh owing no feelings or pity for other people: cold-_ _
=: caring and generous: kind-_ _
_
I I Tl

1

,I

I I I

•

I I I I

I
,

-

ls

~

Tl
I l

-

I I Tl

811

I

I

l

plete the sentences with words from A and the present
:: - )ast participle form of words from B.

""

B

E:sent

consume
eye
heart
last
mind
skin

---"
~

- -e
.:e

1 The children were promised that if they were
well-behaved / well-behaving they could have an
ice cream .
2 The terrorist attack will have far-reaching / far-fetching
implications_
3 There were some strange-sounded / strange-sounding
dishes on the menu.
4 It's important for a company to have an eye-catching /
sight-catching logo.
5 The starting / opening sequence was awesome but
the film went downhill from then on _
6 The film was made on a string tight / shoe-string
budget.

6

~

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

_ -le torte was delicious but rather
to make_
- :'s worth investing in some
, energy-efficient
.ight bulbs,
_ 5:ep brothers is a
film about two full-grown

-en that act like kids.

7 The new film stars Mexican heart-throb / heartbeat
Gael Garcia Bernal.
8 Men in Black was one of the biggest block breakers /
blockbusters of the 1990s.

Challenge!

blurb

[b13:b 1

noun a short description of a book, a new product, etc.,
written by the people who have produced it, that is intended
to attract your attention and make you want to buy it

Invent the story of a film and write the blurb for it using
as many of the words in the box as you can . Alternatively,
write one for a film you know.
award-winning childlike cold-hearted
heart-breaking quick-thinking road movie
run-down single-minded super-human

Unit 2 • Stories

111


REAL ENGLISH

2B
1

What's on the box?
J can discuss the effects of TV on children.

Complete the sentences in the chat forum with the words
in the box.

2

2 I was born in the States, ___ was my father.
3 Dave was _ __ , 'What are you talking about?'
4 Stop behaving _ _ _ a child!

CHAT

5 She loves spicy food ___ curry.
6 He found a job _ _ _ a hotel receptionist.

ZONE

7 Listen carefully and do ___ I tell you.
8 _ _
my sister, who is a brilliant pianist, I've got no
musical talent.

cathy b
Has anybody been watching the latest series of the teenage drama, Skins?

What are your views on it?

3

You betll'm completely hooked. It's such arefreshing change from all the
other 1_ _ _ on TV at the moment l

duggy

2 She talks about soap opera characters as if they were
real people. (like)

"

3 Her father's a TV producer. (as)

Yes. I think it's brilliant. The characters are so 2_ _ and the 3_ _
are really gripping. I think it's got alot to do with the fact that 4 _ _
most dramas which are supposedly aimed at teens, this one's actually
written by teens and deals with issues, 5_ _ _ drugs and eating
disorders, which are really relevant to us.

4 Kate loves reality shows, but I don't. (unlike)
5 I love animated films, like

I reckon it's really cool, really edgy, and I think the characters are
6
_ _ realistically and not stereotyped 7 _ _ they are in alot of
dramas.

Steve j

~

I'm enjoying it, but I don't think it's quite as good 8_ _ the first
_ _ .1 think that's refiected in the viewing figures. Apparently, this
series has about 10_ _ _ as many viewers as the first.
9

,,','

i,1!

lekkie

.C!

Yeah, loving it, especially because it's 11 _
hometown l

_

in Bristol, my

'(le;

I'd rather 12 _ _ in front of an episode of Skins rather than some
__ rom-com any dayl

12

I Unit 2 • Stories

Ratatouille. (as)

6 Unlike Steve, I don't watch a lot of television. (like)

jdy

13 _

Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets so that
the second sentence has the same meaning as the first.
1 I sometimes do my homework in front of the TV. So does
my brother. (as)

roco

jasper 121

as, like or unlike.

1 Can someone open the window? It's ___ a sauna
in here!

as half like I as portrayed rubbish series
set slushy story-lines such as unlike
unwind well-drawn

'Or!)

Complete the sentences with

4

Write a paragraph comparing your television viewing habits
and preferences now with five years ago. Use language
from exercises 1 and 3.


C4ilUihJ+ Arthur Miller and All my Sons
I can understand and react to an article about the origins of English.

Complete the text with the words in the box.
;
ds dramatist experlenc'ed , guilty ""ha-rdship
immigrant overemphasis prestigious status
sympathies undermining verdict
Th e 1
Arthur Miller was the son of an Austrian
_ _ _ _ " who was drawn to the USA by the Great
i\merican Dream. Miller's family later 3
severe
• His most famous play, Death of a
'I nancial 4
Sa lesman, was an attack on the American system and
"s5
on money and social 6
. The play
No n several 7

literary 8
• However,
iller was found 9
by the Un-American Activities
Co mmittee of 10
the American way of life
. That 12 _ _ __
Jecause of his communist 11
,'Ias later overturned.

ead the text, ignoring the gaps. What does loe come to
nderstand at the end of the play?

3

Co m plete the text with suitable words.
, - swer the questions in your own words.
• Why did the 21 pilots die?
~

Yow does loe explain his decision to send the faulty
oa rts?

3 Why does the writer use the word ironically in the third
oa ragraph?

_ Yow did joe's sons feel about their father's deed?

- What similarities are there between this play and Death
of a Salesman?

';

=- nd words in the second and third paragraphs of the text
ich match these definitions.
main character _ _ _ __
, 3 di shonest behaviour _ __ _ _
- ,York that provides the money you need to live _ _ __ _
- t he quality of being honest and having strong moral
principles _ _ _ __
::l

ALL MY
SONS
All My Sons was Arthur
Miller's first commercially
successful play. Published
two years before his most
popular play, Death of A
Salesman, it marked the
beginning of the dramatist's most fruitful period of
creativity. The play is 1
in the mid-west of the
USA just after the end of the Second World War and
2
th e story of th e Ke ller fa m i ly, as they try to
come to terms with a terrible secret.

joe Keller, the play's protagonist, has seemingly

achieved the 'American Dream ' . He has 3
his
fortune selling aeroplane parts to the army 4_ _ __
the war. His eldest son Larry is missing, presumed
dead in the war, and he has one remaining son, Chris ,
5
is destined to take 6
his business .
We learn that two years earlier joe had been accused of
knowingly allowing faulty engine parts to be shipped
out of his factory, causing the deaths of 21 pilots . He
was arrested but then exonerated after falsely denying
all knowledge of the incident, laying the blame instead
7
his business partner, who is now in prison .
When joe's deceit is revealed during the course of the
play, he justifies his action saying he did it for the sake
of his family's prosperity and Chris's future livelihood .
The central theme of the play is joe Keller's conflict
between his responsibility to his family and to wider
society. By shipping the faulty parts, he had failed in
his responsibility to the men who depended 8 _ _ __
the integrity of his work, men who, ironically, were
prepared to give their lives in the service of their society.
Chris, who is essentially a spokesman 9
the
playwright, strongly believes in people's responsibility to
other members of society and is horrified by his father's
joe, on
crime . It is not until later in the play 10

learning that Larry had taken his own life after reading
about his court case, finally realises that he has been
responsible not 11
for the death of one son but
that the soldiers were 'all my sons', a theme reiterated
by the title of the play.
The anti-capitalist sentiment underlying the play was
the playwright had to appear
one reason 12
before the Un-American Activities Committee during
the 1950s.

repeated or emphasised _ __ _ _

Unit 2 • Stories

113


2D

IiJit;'tlIaa Lord of the Flies
I can understand and react to an extract from a novel.

5 Why is Simon attacked?

1

Complete the text with the words in the box.
dismal mimic scramble

ungracious vicious wail

smudge

1 She had a great holiday despite the rather _ _
weather.
2 The dog has a _ _

bark but he's perfectly friendly.

3 The young child sitting in front of me on the bus _ _
throughout the entire journey.
4 We _ _

6 What are the reasons for Ralph's emotional breakdown
on the beach?

twitch

4

Find words or phrases in the text which match these
definitions.
1 discover unexpectedly (paragraph 1) _ __ _ _
2 ask somebody to come to you (paragraph 1)

up the hill on our hands and knees.

5 I think it was rather _ _
down on me like that.

of her to put the phone

6 Her eye make-up was _ _ in the rain.
7 My eyelid started to _ _ uncontrollably.
8 josh is brilliant at _ _ other people's voices and
accents. He should be a comedian!

3 strongly recommend (paragraph 2) _ _ _ _ _
4 a state of great activity and strong emotion that is often
violent (paragraph 3) _ _ _ _ _
5 waiting somewhere secretly (paragraph 4) _ _ _ __
6 show that something is not true (paragraph 4)
7 got smaller (paragraph 6) _ _ _ __

2

Match sentences A-H with gaps 1-7 in the article. There is
one sentence you don't need.
A The other boys start sobbing too .
S Ralph calls the group together and gives a speech
intended to restore discipline.
C His presence brings the children's fighting to an
abrupt halt.
D jack, on the other hand, exploits their fear and lures
them over to his side with the promise of protection from
the beast.
E Once assembled , the boys, all well-to-do sons of
aristocratic families, set about electing themselves
a leader.

F The boys find a pig, which jack prepares to slaughter but
can't find the courage to stab it.
G Even Ralph and Piggy have joined in.
H It has been placed there earlier by jack and his hunters
as an offering to the beast.

3

Read the article. Answer the questions.
1 Why was the aeroplane that crashed full of young boys?

2 On what basis is Ralph elected leader?

3 What are the younger boys afraid of?

4 How does jack persuade the boys to join his tribe?

14

I Unit 2 • Stories

8 follows (paragraph 6) _ _ _ _ _
9 a cruel and violent person (paragraph 7) _ _ _ _ _

Challenge!
Lord of the Flies is an allegorical tale: a story in which
characters, setting and plot represent a meaning outside
the story itself. What do you think are the themes
underlying the story?

LORD OF THE FLIES
=:!J

Set during the Cold W ,u', the story of Lord ofdJ e Flies

takes place o n an isolated tropical island. A plane evacuating it
group of British schoolboys fi'ol1l

it II',U'

zone has crashed ,U1d

it soon becomes evident that there are no adult suniyors. T wo
of the boys, Halph ,U1d Piggy, stumble upon a conch shell and
Piggy suggests dlat Ralph use it as a horn to summon an y other
o;un ivors who might be nearby. 1

As the ho lder

of dle conch, which is perceived as a symbol of authority, Halph
appointed to this role. T heir new chief appo ints ,motller older

h

Dol", Jack, to be in ch,u'ge of tile boys who

",~ 1I

hunt for t()od fo r

[he entire group.
]] For a time the boys revel in dleir adult-free life, splashing
III

the II"ater and playing g,unes until Ralph urges everyone

,0 I\"()rk together tow;u'ds building a shelter and attracting dle

rre ntion o f passing ships by creating a constant fire signal, lit by
"xussing sunlight dwough Piggy's glasses. H owever, the fire gets
oo;,tantl y overlooked as some of dle boys, led by Jack, focus
~,ei r

-.l..

energy on hunting the lVild pigs on dle island.

\\'he n a ship passes by on the horizo n o ne day, Ralph and
are furi ous to discover tllat the signal fire, IVhich has been

PJg",o\"

'ack's ,Uld the hunters' res ponsibility to mai ntain, has burned
.. t. Ralph confronts .J ac k, but he has just returned widl his first

. and all the hunters seem possessed by a strange fi-enzy,

[]] Halph 's tribe has nOlI"dwindled to just himself, Piggy, and
twin s Sam and Eric. T hey go to .Jack's tribal stron ghold wi th dle

dual aim o f lrl"ing to persuade Jack to sce reason and to re trieve
Piggy's glasses, which me mbers o U ac k's tribe have sto len and
witho ut which Piggy can't see . H cm"ever, a batLle ensues, d uring

-c-enacting tile chase in a kind of wild dance . Piggy criticises

which a large rock is thrown by a bo)', Hoger, kn ocking Piggy

'~~k .

over tile cliff to his death and shattering the conch into millions

~

II"ho responds by slapping him across dle

I~lce.

At tlle meeting, it soon becomes clear that

2

rile o f the younger boys are troubled by dle belief dlat dlere
_, ,o me sort of beast lurking on the island . The children begin
,plit into two sep;u'ate tribes, based on the existence o f the
cbt. T he rational Halph attempts to disprOl"e its existence.

o f pieces. Eric and Sal1l are kidnapped into .Jack's tri be, and
Ralp h is now left bv himself.

[1J In (" he lin;tl sequence ofthe book, .Jack and hi s friend

Roger

lead the tribe on a hunt lor Halph . T hey sel the entire island on
tire in ord er to smoke him o ut of his hiding place, which attracts
the atten tion of a ne;u'by warship. Drive n out of dle burning

~

Shordy afterwards, Simo n, from Ralph's tribe , comes

,'N, a pig's head buzzing witll flies, whils(" he is wandering
.-.:-·mgh dle forest.
oUt

4

He begins to hallucinate

dle head, which he sees as 'The Lo rd o f the Flies', and

cJel"eS dl at it is coml11unicating \-,~li him, te lling him that the
" , hale created dle beast, and liat the real beast is inside
_at he has seen, but finds them in dle midst of a frenzied
-~'al fe as t.

5

On seeing Simon 's shadowy figure

_,erge from the jungle, they attack him and kill him with
_dr b;u'e hands and teeth .

forest onto the beach, Halph is on ("he point of being auacked by
the savages when a British naval otlicer appears.

W6

Stunned by the savage and bloodtll irsty

spectacle, the otlicer as ks H,tlph to explain. Ol"erwhelmed by tlle
loss o f Piggy, Simon and of his own innocence, he breaks dOlm
and cri es.
[[]

7

T he otlicer turns his back so dlat tlley may

regain dleir composure. In dle fin;tlline of dle book, the offi cer
looks out to sea at his 'lrim cruiser in the dist;mce', an iro nic
reminder that while the boys may have been saved ji'om savagen '
by the adults, dle world is still at war.

Unit 2 • Stories

115

2E
1

GRAMMAR

Narrative tenses
I con use a variety ofnarrative tenses.

Name the tenses in italics in 1-6 below.
He had spotted a juicy·loo king lamb and was just going to
pounce on it, when a shepherd, who looked for a sheep
to slaughter for his own dinner, quickly was grabbing the
wolf, thinking it was a sheep, and killed it.

1 I had been reading for hours ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 I read a chapter of my book ... _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __
3 I was reading a book ... _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _
4 I was going to stay in and read ... _ _ __ _ _ _ _
5 I had already read the book ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6 I used to read avidly ... _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _

2

5

Write a moral for the fable.

6

Order the sentences to complete the outline of the ancient
Greek legend of King Midas and the ass's ears.

Match sentence beginnings 1-6 in exercise 1 with
endings a-f.
a
b
c
d
e
f

D
D
D
D
D
D

when I woke up.
when I was younger.
but I decided to go out.

a

so my eyes were hurting.

b

D

D

He awarded the prize to Pan .
Deep in the country he dug a hole and whispered the
secret into it.

this time yesterday evening.
c

the teacher recommended.

D

King Midas was asked to judge a music contest
between Pan and Apollo .

3

d

1 When Sam and Jessie decided to get engaged they had
only seen / been seeing each other for six months.

e

D

The gossipy barber found it impossible to keep the secret.

f

D

Only his barber knew the terrible secret.

D

h

D

He covered up the hole and returned home.

3 The food she was making was looking / looked delicious.

D

With their rustling leaves they whispered the secret:

4 The car battery was dead because my dad had forgotten
/ been forgetting to turn off the headlights.

D The following spring, reeds and grasses sprang up

5 He took / was taking the dog for a walk when he bumped
into Charlotte.
6 When I arrived home my sister was sitting outside .
She had waited / been waiting there for over an hour
because she had forgotten / been forgetting her keys .
Find ten errors in the use of narrative tenses in the fable

and correct them .

The wolf in sheep's clothing
There was once a wolfwho used to wander out every night
in search of a lamb for his dinner. But recently this wolf
has been having difficulty getting enough to eat because
the shepherds in the area were particularly vigilant. One
day he was coming across a sheep ' s fleece which a sheep
shearer had been throwing on the floor and forgotten.
It had given the wolf a cunning idea. He decided that later
he is going to put on the fleece. Thus disguised he would
be able to sneak up on the sheep without the shepherd
noticing him . So that evening, just as the sun had been
setting he went out in his new disguise. He was strolling
confidently into a field where some sheep grazed .

16

Midas wore a purple turban to hide his shame .

g

2 John was to go / have gone skiing on Saturday but he
broke his leg and had to pull out.

4

D

Choose the correct option.

I Unit 2 • Stories

Apollo punished him by giving him the ears of an ass .

'Mid as has ass's ears .'
from the hole.

7

Use the outline in exercise 6 to w rite the myth . Use a
variety of narrative tenses and make any necessary changes
to the sentences. Begin There was once a ...


2F ,1gtmnUa

Photo comparison
I can compare, contrast and react to photos.

1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs

4

in the box.
get

hang (x2)

Make notes to answer the questions about the first photo.

What adjectives describe how the man might be feeling?

kick (x2)

skip

sleep

walk
What challenges do you think he is facing?

1 She was suspended for

school.

2 The freezing cold weather began to
after a wh ile.
3 I got really bored just
noth ing to do.
4 Miriam

What circumstances do you think led to this situation?

him down

around at home with

5

gLISTENING 4 Listen to the second part of the

description. How many of your ideas are mentioned?

6

gLISTENING 4 Complete the speculative phrases from
the description. You can use more than one word in each
gap. Then listen again and check.

out after a massive row with Jack.

S Did he leave his job or was he

out?

6 She found it hard to
her smoking habit but
managed to give up in the end.
7 There are a lot of homeless people
that part of the city.
8 He used to

2

1 The man in the first photo
amount of luggage ...

rough in

2 I

out with people who were into drugs.

he is planning to stay for a long time.

3 He

Look at photos A and B. Continue the sentences to describe
t he main similarities and differences between them.

4 It

1 The photos are similar in that _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __

6

2 The most obvious difference between the photos is that

8 Or he

whereas in the other _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ __

3

\f LISTENING 3

bewildered ...
feel lonely ...

S He's

7

feeling anxious .. .

_ _ ___ he

7

3 Also, in the first picture, _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __

have a huge

missing his family too.

if he has emigrated because .. .
be an economic migrant .. .

Write about the second photo. Use the headings in exercise
4 to structure your description. Use the language for
speculating from exercise 6.

Listen and compare your ideas with the

nes you hear.

Unit 2 • Sto ri es

17

2G

'@jhllaa Review
I can

write a book review.

2

Preparation
1

Complete the review with the words in the box.

Look at the modifying adverbs from the review. Replace
them with the synonyms in the box.
a fairly

ability all-time consequences divided ending
highly acclaimed involving lovers recommend
' story strengths times

a little

extremely

highly

utterly

1 quite a complex novel _ _ __ _ _
2 exceptionally well-observed _ _ _ _ _ _
3 absolutely superb _ _ _ _ _ _
4 slightly cheated _ _ _ _ _
5 thoroughly recommend _ _ _ _ _ _

3

Find words in the review which match the definitions.
1 points of view _ _ _ _ _ _
2 act in a way that shows regret for what you have done
3 recognisable from real life _ _ _ __ _
4 a very exciting book _ _ __ _ _

One of my 1
favourite books is Atonement, by
the 2
British novelist, lan McEwan. It is quite a
into three parts and
complex novel, which is 3
told from different characters' perspectives .
The 4
begins in England in the summer of
1935, when a precocious, upper-class thirteen-year-old
girl, Briony, witnesses a scene in the garden 5_ _ _ __
her older sister, Cecilia and a childhood friend, Robbie.
Her naivety and overactive imagination lead her to
misinterpret what she sees and accuse Robbie of a crime
he didn 't commit, an accusation which has dramatic
6

for Cecilia and Robbie and which Briony
must spend the rest of her life having to atone for.
The book's 7
lie in its exceptionally wellobserved depiction of characters and events, particularly
the descriptions of war scenes in the second section of
the novel, where Robbie, now a soldier in World War 11, is
desperately trying to reach Dunkirk. The author's
8
to build up tension is absolutely superb
. As
and the book is a real page-turner at 9
well as being well-crafted, it is also thought-provoking
in its exploration of topics such as guilt and forgiveness,
and the futility of war. Without spoiling the plot, I have
to say that my only reservation about the book is its
10
, which, in my view, leaves the reader
feeling slightly cheated. However, this is more than
compensated for by what is otherwise a fantastic read .

Atonement is not a book for those who love fast-moving
plots, but for 11
prose, I would thoroughly

18

I Unit 2 • Stories

12

of detailed and well-observed
it.

5 pointlessness _ _ _ _ _ _

4

Write a review of a book you have read recently.

Writing guide
Paragraph 1
Give the name of the book and any background information.
Paragraph 2
Give a brief outline of the story and the characters .
Paragraph 3
Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the book.
Paragraph 4
Say whether you would recommend the book and to whom .

CJlECK YOUR WO
Have you:
followed the paragraph plan?
included some modifying adverbs?
written 200-250 words?
checked your work for mistakes?

-:

':::

1

Get Ready for your Exam

EXAM
; =;:d t he article below. Complete the text by match ing the
~.:::~, en ces (A-G) that best fit the gaps in the text (1-6).
--::: -e is one sentence which you do not need to use.
::~:'n g

insects might help fight hunger and promote

.: Jdiversity, but only if Westerners can get over the
_ck ' factor. Although people worldwide have enjoyed
ec:: : '1 g insects since ancient times, their nutritional

A Yet nutritionally important traditional foods such as
insects have been and continue to be ignored by
agricultural aid efforts .
B In some cultures, edible insects are considered a hot
commodity.
C In Africa, caterpillars and winged termites are fried and
eaten as roadside snacks (after wings, legs and bristles
are removed), and are often considered tastier than meat.

D Clearly there is a link between environmental protection
and improved nutrition.

-:: _e is often overlooked by the modern Western world.

! -

;;sti mated 2,000 insect species are consumed

::'--: _1d t he world, and people do not just eat insects,
-= -eli sh them as delicacies.

2_

_

Grasshoppers

.: - :. Je e larvae seasoned with soy sauce are a favourite
- ::Jan and in Papua New Guinea sago grubs, beetle
~- ::e th at inhabit dead sago palm trees, are honoured

::. -., u aI festiva Is.
__ Dlu s they have a higher energy value than many
-:::- -:::. 2nd Agriculture Organisation report, caterpillars of

E Insects often contain more protein, fat and carbohydrates
than equal amounts of beef or fish.
F And because Western tastes are so globally influential,
people elsewhere may begin to shun insects as an
important food source .
G In many regions where forest degradation is acute,
residents are too preoccupied with day-to-day survival to
consider the luxury of protecting the environment.

EXAM TASK - Use of English

1

Complete the paragraph with the correct words a-d.

"::.- spec ies are rich in minerals as well as B-vitamins.
I was leaving the classroom and feeling very tired . The

.:::- ::' Afri can regions, children fight malnutrition by

time was 2:36p.m. and school

:- -~ 90 ur made out of dried caterpillars.
_

J ram atic increases in farming yields achieved

--: '_~-

s :::.=

th e Green Revolution of the 1940s and 1970s
:0 fill bellies in developing countries, but

4_ _

~= ·: -op s alone did not provide a full complement

I was really eager

on driving me home. I knew she would come in

the most terrible van

:":-' :: 1tS. Additionally, billions of dollars are spent

5_

_ ,

and I didn't want anyone to

see it. But I was too late. When I came out of school, she

:-~. s e to protect nutritionally inferior crops with

=-=-

1_ _ .

to leave the campus: first, because I wasn't very happy
about being at school, and second, my mum had said
she 2_ _ • I had tried to protest, but 3_ _ vain. She

was already there . Of course, being the great mother she

:::'.5 th at kill perfectly edible insect 'pests'.

== ::.-:: no fe wer than 34 reasons to explore insects

is, she had parked the van in front of the school where
it could 6 _ _ by everyone. So, embarrassed, I decided

~ ~.: = source, including their impressive nutritional

the only

:: =::se of breeding in captivity and high biomass.

7_

_

of action was to get into the van as

quickly as possible . I opened the sliding door, but it did

:::: som e researchers propose enriching consumer

not stop . It just kept on sliding and in the end

__ i'<-:: - in se ct flour to make them more nutritious.

it fell off its hinges altogether and clunked onto the
ground. I wished I 8_ _ invisible. Instead, I had to go

- -orth -eastern India, for example, edible
: _-

Jupae are prized more than the silk they

to the woodwork room and ask for a screwdriver to fix it.

_~:-= :: 1d some Mexican restaurants charge a hefty

What 9_
this story

'":7:: Jlate of butterfly larvae. Chinese consumers
'- : .: :':Jut $1 00 million per year on edible ants alone.

- .r.':: ~. ::J il ity of high-quality edible insects is closely

1

-:::ct forests. Without trees and foliage to
-

-sect populations plummet, so triggering

~- ::.5: -

: reserving insects as food sources might

:: A-::. :0 protect swathes of forests and the

2

a
b
c
d
a
b
c
d

_

10 _

if you had been in my place? To this very day,
_ me when I sleep .

would have just ended
was just ended
had just ended
has just ended
will pick me up
would pick me up
picks me up
picked me up

3 a by

4

b

c
d
a
b
c
d

in
of
to
promised
insisted
wanted
agreed

Get Ready for your Exam 1

119


1
5

6

7

a
b
c

d
a
b
c
d
a
b
c
d

Get Ready for your Exam

imaginary
imagined
imaginative
imaginable
be seeing
see
have been seen
be seen
line
case
class
course

8

9

10

EXAM TASK - Listening

a
b
c
d
a
b
c
d
a
b
c
d

can be
had been
am
was
do you do
will you do
would you do
would you have done
reminds
recalls
haunts
dreams

• outline the plot

• say why you didn't like the film.

• •••••••••••••••••••••••

••
• PREPARATION: Speaking
•

Use the Functions Bank on page 113 to help you.

.

gLISTENING 5 Read the task. You will hear a recording
about the development of writing. Choose the best answer
a, b, cor d according to what you hear.
1 In the beginning, writing was
a invented mainly for agricultural purposes.
b only found in Syria.
c rare because the tokens had to be decorated.
d difficult because the clay was lumpy.
2 According to the recording
a the Semitic alphabet consisted of both letters and
numbers.
b the Phoenician system didn't cover all the sounds in
the language.
c the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets are not related to one
another.
d the first·known alphabet is about 3,000 years old .
3 The Cyrillic alphabet
a based its appearance on Latin symbols.

b consisted only of symbols for consonants.
c is descended from the Greek alphabet.
d was the official alphabet of Byzantium.
4 The early Roman script
a quite clearly resembled handwriting.
b distinguished between small and capital letters.
c was introduced by Aldus Manutius.
d was designed to be easier to write on hard surfaces.

• •••••••••••••••••••••••
•

: PREPARATION:

Y'•

In your article, you should:
• include a title
• explain what the event was
• explain the influence it had on your later life.
2 Write a review of a film which was an unsuccessful
adaptation of a well·known book. You should:
• include information about the title and main actors

Use the Writing Bank on page 120 to help you .

Part 2 - Sustained long turn
Compare and contrast the pictures.
These ideas may help you:
• modern and old·fashioned cartoons

• cartoons for children and adults
• the appeal of comic books for adults

Part 4 - Role play
Work in pairs and role-play the following situation.
Role A: You are B's child. You are a student. You
are finishing secondary school and you have been
accepted at a university in Britain. Now you need
to decide whether you want to stay in university
accommodation or with a family. Discuss the options
with your parent and try to reach an agreement.

Role B: You are A's parent. He/She is finishing
secondary school and has been accepted at
a university in Britain. Now s/he needs to
decide whether s/he wants to stay in university
accommodation or with a family. Discuss the options
with your child and try to reach an agreement.

EXAM TASK - Writing
Choose one of the writing tasks and write 200-250 words.
1 There is a competition in your school magazine and
the winning entry will be published. You are invited to
describe an important event that happened during your
childhood and explain how it influenced your later life.

20

I Get Ready for your Exam 1

You may use these ideas:
• cost
• things to do
• freedom
• language

• cultural differences
• commuting

Role A starts the conversation. When you have finished,
change roles and practise again.


Partners
VOCABULARY AND LISTENING

3A

Relationsh ips
I can talk about different kinds of relationships.

3 I only met her once but she made

ead the sentences and complete the puzzle with a verb or
"dj ective.
LJe doesn't find it easy to

4 We met at primary school and we have remained
_ _ _ _ _ _ ever since.

close relationships .

5 He showed

- (ac ross) Could you help me with this homework?
promise to
the favour some time!
- ldow n) Did they manage to

in the play I was performing in .

their dispute?

~

Som ebody needs to

~

- he company suffered a

~

::>up ils were given an opportunity to
pin ions about the new timetable.

control of the situation.
setback last year.
their

=: - 0 fully appreciate the song, you have to pay _ _ _
atten tion to the lyrics.
- She's not afraid to

on me .

her mind.

4

Make the sentences more graphic by replacing the
words in bold. The first letter has been given.
1 I dropped my camera in a puddle and it got very wet.

s_ _ __ _
2 I tried to wake him up but he was deeply asleep.

f
3 There was not a star in the sky. It was totally black.

P'- - - - -

~

4 I burned my tongue on the soup because it was
extremely hot. b_ __ __
5 My grandfather's ninety-five and really fit!

f
6 I don't feel ready to go to bed yet. I'm still very much

awake. w_ __ __
7 The problem with Ben is he hardly does any work he's incredibly idle. b _ _ _ __
8 I can't believe these sunglasses have broken already.
They're completely new. b_ _ _ __

Challenge!
(orrect the errors in the words in bold.
1 That TV presenter gets on my nerve.

ine words from A, Band ( to form verb + adjective
-- 'n collocations.
- "~-( =

--

~ : :.

B
an honest
a blazing
a keen
close
a lasting

(

impression
friends
answer
row

interest

--:.et e the sentences with adjective + noun collocations
- exe rcise 2.
_~:

give me

2 We'll have to call the police if things get out of our
hands.
3 They were sitting side to side on a park bench.
4 We have a mutually supporting relationship.
5 I tried to give him some constructive advice but he saw
it the wrong way.
6 I love being an actor. It's a great way to make a life.

. I won't be offended.

-=11 walked in they were having _ _ _ _ _ _ ,

Unit 3 • Partners

I 21


38

REAL ENGLISH

Friends

I can discuss the meaning and importance of friendship.

a Describ ing something which has been happen ing
repeatedly in the very recent past

1 gLISTENING 6

Listen to four people describing a friend.
Which category of friendship does each one fall into?
Choose from the words in the box.

b Describing something which has happened on several
occasions and may happen again

acquaintance associate classmate crony
fair-weather friend soulmate workmate

c With for or since, describing how long an action has been
in progress

1 Jordan

2 Ruth

d With for or since, when the verb is not commonly used in
the continuous form

3 Jacob

e Describing a recent action which is now complete

4 Gill

Describing a recent action which is ongoing

2 gLISTENING 6

Listen again and complete these
excerpts from the descriptions.
1 ...she really

all that.

2 ... she' s the one that I'll always

of need.

3 ... she knows she _ _ _ _ __

too.

4 ...would help me

during this time .

5 I can always rely on her _ __ __ _

3

Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. You may

need to change the form of the wo rd in brackets.
1 Tim and Fiona have had some good times and bad
times . (ups)

2 Jenna knows everything about me. (inside)

3 Steve and Jess have had an argument and aren't
speaking to each other. (fall)

4 Matt and I have faced a lot of difficult situations together.
(go)

5 Becky and I have been friends for eight years or so. (back)

6 I've confided in her a lot over the years. (open)

4

Underline the perfect structures in sentences 1- 6. Then
match each sentence with uses a-f.
1 I've just eaten a whole chilli!
2 He's driven vans before.
3 She's had a virus for the last few days.
4 I've been waiting over an hour for a bus. I'm going
to walk.
5 I've been revising for the last two hours.
6 He's been spending more time with his family lately.

22

I Un it 3 • Partners

5

Complete the email with the present perfect or present
continuous form of the ve rb in brackets.

ID

Hi Sophia,
I1
(try) to ring you but I 2
(not be)
able to get through so I thought I' d em ail instead.
I3
(get) myself into a slightly tricky situation
and I was hoping that I could turn to you for a bit of
advice .

14
(share) my flat with a girl called Hannah.
Basically, she's a friend of a friend of my boss's. She
5
only recently
(arrive) in London
so I offered to let her stay with me for a short time just
while she finds her own accommodation . Well, she
6
(stay) here for over a month now and she
7

(not show) any signs of moving out! She' s
really friendly and easy to get on with, but she just
8
(not show) much initiative when it comes to
finding somewhere to live .
The other thing is that she hardly ever leaves the flat
so she 9
(not made) many friends, which
means that she 10
(hang) out with me and
my friends a lot. That's all very well, but as a result
111
(have) very little 'quality time' with my
friends recently.
You ' re probably wondering why 112
(not
kick) her out, but she is a friend of my boss's so that
compromise s me slightly. You're always so diplomatic
in these situ ations . What do you think I should do?
Spea k soon !
Phoeb e

j;;

~


3e

Allb lh14 Marriage in the

I can express my opinions on marriage.

Revision: Student's Book page 29
Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

biTles

big day
knot reception

ceremony civil engagement
register venues willing

1 Eighty-seven per cent of women contribute financially
towards their _ _ _ _
2 Weddings usually consist of a
a _ _ __ ,

followed by

3 Couples are opting increasingly for non-traditional
~

Ab out five per cent of people get married in a
_ _ __ office .

=>

Women are

to sacrifice spending on
wedding cakes to have a more expensive wedding
dress.
Co uples are waiting longer before tying the

i' Th irty-nine per cent of couples have a _ _ _ _
Ne dd ing.
- -en per cent of
_ _ _ _ ring.

help pay for their

-; ::.~d t he first two paragraphs of the text. What is a 'hag
- ~.,t'? Why is it called that?

-- - ::J lete the text with suitable words.

_c= ~:J e se sentences true or false? Write T or F.
_ :::~g an d hen nights take place over a longer period than
used to . __

--=,

,- - ::g ni ghts are popular with younger couples . _ __
:5t of the people interviewed had been to a hag party.
.5 su gge sted that hag nights are popular as the bride-:-:e do esn ' t want to be separated from the groom . _ _
- ~5

UK

o'I eekends are less active than stag weekends. __

--:: ::Jub li c has become accustomed to the behaviour of
=:::'5 an d hen groups. - -

Pre-wedding
<:elebrations
In Britain there is a
long-held tradition for
couples who are about
1_ _ _ get married
to celebrate their last
few days 2_ _ _
being single with a hen night for the bride-to-be and her
female friends, and a stag night for the groom and his
friends. Often characterised 3_ __ raucous behaviour,
these pre-wedding celebrations have developed into a
full weekend of revelry, with many groups heading to
European destinations 4 _ _ _ Amsterdam, Prague and
Barcelona.
However, in the last year and a half there has been a
growing trend away 5_ _ _ these single-sex events .
With the exception of the youngest couples, many are
now opting for mixed outings t o which friends of both the
bride and groom are invited .
_ _ to a recent survey of 4,000 young British adults,
a quarter of people in their thirties have already been to a
joint party. Most of those who had attended them claimed
to prefer the 'hag night', as these events have become
known, 7_ __ the traditional stag and hen nights.

Venue owners also welcome the trend . Recently, cities
such as Dublin and Edinburgh have pointed the finger at
traditional stag and hen nights for a significant escalation
in the incidences of fighting and vandalism in their city
centres .
6_

Carry Marlow of Redtown Leisure, a company 8 _ _ _
organises pre-nuptial entertainment, explains that on hag
nights the emphasis is on friendship rather than excess .
She believes that the new trend has been brought about
9_ _ _ an increase in the average age of marriage. As a
result, many of the couple's friends are already in longterm relationships with partners who are equally keen
to join in the celebrations. A hag weekend is a 10 _ __
more rela xing affair than the traditional stag weekend .
During the day the men might take in a round of golf
1 1_ _ _ the women go off to indulge in some pampering
at a health spa before everybody meets up again in the
evening to go to a restaurant or a club .
This shift towards celebrations that integrate the sexes
should also come 1 2_ _ _ a welcome relief for the
general public who are becoming ever less tolerant of the
rowdy stag- and hen-night crowds, identifiable a mile off
by their matching outfits, badges and wigs , that invade
their towns every weekend.

Unit 3 • Partners

I 23

3D

I;lt1tl1Uij

Love conquers all
I can understand and react to a love story.

7 Patrick was worried that his action might be considered a
little strange. _ _ _

1

Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

8 jennie and Aric hadn't seriously considered marriage
because they weren't sure if they were sufficiently
committed to one another. _ _ _

conviction count detour embraced escorted
exiled outflank plunge raid reprimand
1 He took the
2 She could always

on him being there.

3 He didn't convert to Islam out of
of convenience.
4 He was

9 jennie found it hard to answer the clues in the crossword
puzzle. _ _ _

and asked her to marry him.

. He did it out

4

to Siberia during the war.

5 He received a
bad behaviour.

from the senior officers for his

Complete these verb and noun collocations from the text.
Two of the verbs are phrasal verbs.
1 to

glances

2 to

a deep breath

3 to

courage

6 It was hoped that the peacekeeping force would be
_ __ by the local population .

4 to

a website

7 Security forces seized several weapons during a
_ __ in Eastern Baghdad.

6 to

8 If the government isn't careful, the opposition will
_ __ them on education reforms .
9 She was _ _ _ out of the building by security
guards.
10 They made a _ __

via the bank .

5 to _ _ __ _ second thoughts

5

a pose

Complete the sentences with collocations from exercise 4.
1 She was going to buy the jacket but then _ __ __
2 He eventually
3 I

to ask her out.
then jumped off the diving board.

4 A good way to promote your new business is to

2

Quickly read the two love stories and answer the questions.

5 They

1 How did Patrick track down Camille?

6 The drama teacher got us to
soldier.

across a crowded room .
of a wounded

2 How did Aric propose to his fiancee?

Challenge!
3 To what extent was Aric's plan successful?

3

Read the stories again. Are the sentences true or false?
Write T or F. Underline the sentences which give evidence
for your answers.

1 Patrick decided not to run after Camille because it might
be seen as a strange thing to do. _ _ _
2 Aric found that the time between briefing the newspaper
and the publication of the crossword passed more
quickly than expected. _ __
3 Patrick launched an Internet site because he thought
there would be more chance of tracking the girl down that
way. _ _ _
4 Camille couldn't help feeling slightly wary of Patrick.
5 As jennie was doing the puzzle she started to suspect
that it contained a marriage proposal. _ __
6 Being on television helped to break the ice between
Patrick and Camille. _ __

24

I Unit 3 • Partners

Using a dictionary if necessary, explain the literal
meaning of these figurative expressions from the text.
1 a rush of humanity swarmed in

2 I didn't want to puncture her comfort zone

3 GMA saw a great love story and pounced

4 But being sucked into a media maelstrom

5 ... he ... told them about his idea. They bit.