Ngữ pháp tiếng anh - Câu gián tiếp (4)

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REPORTED SPEECH
PART 4
Ôn tập các dạng câu gián tiếp
Tóm tắt
A. Statements (Câu trần thuật)

Câu Gián Tiếp
S + said that/ said to sb that/ told sb that + clause (S+V)
She said: “I have never been to Paris”
 She said that she had never been to Paris
B. Yes-no questions (Câu hỏi có S + asked + sb /wondered/ wanted to know + if / whether +
không)
clause (S+V)
“Are you ready?”, he asked me.
 He asked me/ wanted to know IF/WHETHER I was
ready.
C. Wh-questions (Câu hỏi nội S + asked + sb/wondered/ wanted to know + Wh-… + clause
dung)
(S+V)
“When did you finish work last night?” He asked her
 He asked her when she had finished the previous night.
D. TO- INF
1. offer + to V-infinitive
They said: “We will pay for the meal”
=> They offered to pay for the meal
2. To- INF: advise, warn, persuade, encourage sb + to V…
“Go on, apply for the job”, said Jack to me.
=> Jack urged/encouraged me to apply for the job

3. Promise to V: Hứa làm gì
John said: “I will write to you”
=> John promised to write to me.
4. “Would you like...?”
“..., please!”-> invite sb to V
“Would you like to go out for lunch ?”, she said to me.
 She invited me to go out for lunch.
5. Remind sb to V: nhắc ai làm gì.
“Don’t forget to order the wine”, said Mrs. Pitt to her
husband
=> Mrs. Pitt reminded her husband to order the wine
6. Một số động từ trần thuật được theo sau trực tiếp bởi “to+Vinf”: offer, agree, demand, guarantee, promise, propose,
swear, threaten, volunteer.
“I will kill you if you do not give me all of your money”, she
said to me
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E. GERUND

=> She threatened to kill me if I did not give her all of my
money.
Một số động từ trần thuật được theo sau bởi “object + to + Vinf”: advise, ask, command, encourage, expect, forbid,
instruct, invite, order, persuade, remind, request, urge, want.
“You should go now”, she shouted at me.
=> She asked me to go then
admit, advise, apologize for, insist on, recommend, suggest + Ving
“You should read a number of books before the exam”, Jack

said
=> Jack recommended reading a number of books before the
exam.
Mệnh đề “that” có thể được dùng sau: admit, advise, agree. insist,
promise, remind, suggest
“It’s true that I forgot the shopping”, Trevor said.
-> Trevor admitted (that) he had forgotten the shopping.

Câu hỗn hợp trong lời nói gián tiếp
Các dạng:
Câu trần thuật + câu hỏi
Câu hỏi + câu mệnh lệnh
Câu mệnh lệnh + câu trần thuật …
“I have left my watch at home. What time is it now?” he asked.
 She said he had left his watch at home and asked (me) what time it was then.
“I’m going shopping. Can I get you anything?”, she said.
 She said she was going shopping and asked if she could get me anything.
“Someone’s coming”, he said to me, “Get behind the screen.”
 He said that someone was coming and told me to get behind the screen.
“Let’s shop on Friday. The supermarket will be very crowded on Saturday”, she said.
 She suggested shopping on Friday and said that the supermarket would be very crowded on
Saturday.
“Please, please don't drink too much! Remember that you will have to drive home”, she said.
=> She begged him not to drink too much and reminded him that he would have to drive home.

Khi mệnh đề sau là câu giải thích cho mệnh đề trước, ta có thể sử dụng “as” thay cho
động từ trần thuật thứ hai.
He said to me: “You had better wear a coat. It is very cold out”.

 He advised me to wear a coat as it was very cold out.

“Let's shopping on Friday. The supermarket will be very crowded on Saturday”.

 She suggested shopping on Friday as the supermarket would be very crowded on Saturday.

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Exercise 1:
Change these sentences into reported speech.
1. Helen said, "I think I'll have to find a better job. I can't make both ends meet
2 He said to her "Why are you so late? I've been waiting for half an hour already".
3 She said to him: "Don't let them down. I'll be very embarrassed if you go back on your words".
4 She said to her husband: "You'd better not drink top much. You may lose control of the car and have a bad
accident".
5 The boy said to his mother: "When shall we have lunch? I'm very hungry".
6 He said, "I don't understand why she has refused to join us on the trip".
7 She said to him, "I'm glad you've come. Sit down, please".
8 Mr. Brown said to his wife, "I don't feel like going out this evening. Let's ask the Browns to come over for
a chat”.
9 “It's raining too hard to go out. We'd better stay home tonight and watch TV instead", John said.
10 "Could you ring up the station and find out when the train comes in?" said Tom to me.
11 Daisy said: “I want to be a famous singer in the world.” (dreamed of)
12 The police said to the hunters, “Everyone stopped hunting and killing animals”. (prevented)
13. The boy said to the woman, “I’ve broken the window of your house”. (admitted)
14 “I think he stole that car”, my friend said (suspected)
15 He said, “If I catch the plane, I’ll be home by five”.

Exercise 2
Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that best completes each sentence
1. Jack asked me _____.
A. where do you come from?
B. where did I came from
C. where I came from
D. where did I come from?
2. She asked me _____ I liked pop music.
A. when
B. what
C. if
D. x
3. I wanted to know_____ return home.
A. when would she
B. when will she
C. when she will
D. when she would
4. Claire told me that her father____ a race horse.
A. owns
B. owned
C. owning
D. A and B
5. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it _______ raining there.
A. is
B. were
C. has been
D. was
6. The last time I saw Linda, she looked very relaxed. She explained she’d been on holiday the ______ week.
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A. ago
B. following
C. next
D. previous
7. I wonder _____ the tickets are on sale yet.
A. what
B. when
C. where
D. whether
8. Bill was slow, so I ________ hurry up.
A. tell him
B. told him for
C. told to
D. told him to
9. “You’d better apologise for telling lie,” said my mother.
A. My mother advised me to apologise for telling lie.
B. My mother suggested me to apologise for telling lie.
C. My mother suggested apologising for telling lie.
D. My mother warned me to apologise for telling lie.
10. “Could you check the oil, please?” I asked the mechanic.
A. I invited the mechanic to check the oil.
B. I asked the mechanic to check the oil.
C. I reminded the mechanic to check the oil.
D. I warned the mechanic to check the oil.
KEY:
Exercise 1:

1. Helen said that she thought she would have to find a better job because she couldn’t make both ends meet.
2. He asked her why she was so late and added that he had been waiting for half an hour already.
3. She told/advised him not to let them down and added that she would be very embarrassed if he went back
on his words.
4. She advised her husband not to drink too much and added that he might lose control of the car and have a
bad accident.
5. The boy asked his mother when they would have lunch and said he was very hungry.
6. He said he didn’t understand why she had refused to join them on the trip.
7. She told him she was very glad he had come and invited him to sit down.
8. Mr. Brown told his wife he didn’t feel like going out that evening and suggested asking the Browns to come
over for a chat.
9. John said it was raining too hard to go out and suggested that they should stay at home and watch TV
instead.
10. Tom asked me to ring up the station to find out when the train came in.
11. Daisy dreamed of being a famous singer in the world.
12. The man prevented the hunters from hunting and killing animals.
13. The boy admitted having broken the window of the woman’s house.
14. My friend suspected him of stealing that car
15. He said if he caught the plane, he would be home by five.
Exercise 2:
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. B

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