FRUIT a fully developed and ripened ovary containing seeds

FRUITS


FRUIT: A fully developed and
ripened ovary containing seeds
GOAL: Seed Dispersal
*Ovary tissue stores
carbohydrates & water
*Pigment may change over time


I. TWO TYPES OF FRUIT
A.FLESHY
B. DRY


II. Fleshy Fruits
Fleshy fruits are those
that are soft, juicy or
meaty


Types of Fleshy Fruits:
Berry
Pepo
Hesperidium
Pome
Drupe

A. BERRY: 1 or more seeds,
thin skin, can be peeled off
Ex. Blueberry, cranberry, grapes,
eggplant, peppers, tomato


NOTE: Strawberry, raspberry,
blackberry are NOT true
berries!!!!
They originate from more than 1
pistil.


B. PEPO: a berry with a hard
rind that can’t be peeled off
Ex. Pumpkin, squash, cantaloupe,
melon, cucumber, gourds


C. Hesperidium: berry with a
leathery skin, containing oils and
rind
Ex. Orange, tangerine, lime,
lemon


D. POME: (False Fruit)Fleshy
part is from the receptacle; true
ovary is the core
Ex. Apple and Pear

E. DRUPE: single seed enclosed
in a hard pit
Ex. Peach, apricot, plum,
cherry


III.Aggregate Fruits
• Formed from a single
flower with more than
one ovary
• Strawberry, raspberry,
blackberry





Strawberry: Aggregate


IV.Multiple Fruits
• Forms from a cluster of flowers
• Ovaries fuse together to form 1 fruit
• Pineapple, osage orange, mulberry



V. DRY FRUITS

• Wall of mature ovary is dry
• Fruit is without soft flesh
• Classified according to whether they split
open when ripe


A. Dehiscent Fruits
• Split open when ripe
• 1. Follicle: milkweed
• 2. Legume: beans and peas
• 3. Capsule: poppies, snapdragon, lillies


B. Indehiscent Fruits
• Dry fruits that DO NOT split
open when ripe
1. Achene: sunflower,dandelion


Indehiscent Fruits Cont.
• 2. Samara: maple, ash (winged fruits)

• 3. Grain: wheat, corn, barley, rye


Indehiscent Cont.
• 4. Nut: acorn, hazelnut, hickory

• Many nuts are not nuts!!!
• Peanut=legume

• Walnut, pecan, coconut, almond=drupes


Review…Use your notes to
identify the following fruits.