Sách Kiến trúc hệ thống thông tin TOGAF Version 9.1

Evaluation Copy

Open Group Standard

TOGAF® Version 9.1

The Open Group

© 2009-2011 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
Evaluation Copy. Not for redistribution


Evaluation Copy

Copyright © 2011, The Open Group
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or
by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission
of the copyright owners.

Open Group Standard
TOGAF® Version 9.1
ISBN: 978-90-8753-679-4
Document Number: G116

Published in the U.S. by The Open Group, 2011.

Any comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted by email to:


ii

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Contents

Part

I

Introduction ...............................................................................

1

Chapter

1

Introduction .................................................................................

3
3
5

1.1

1.2

Chapter

2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10

Structure of the TOGAF Document ................................................
Executive Overview ........................................................................

Core Concepts ............................................................................
What is TOGAF? ............................................................................
What is Architecture in the Context of TOGAF? .............................
What Kind of Architecture Does TOGAF Deal With?......................
Architecture Development Method .................................................
Deliverables, Artifacts, and Building Blocks ....................................
Enterprise Continuum .....................................................................
Architecture Repositor y ..................................................................
Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise
Architecture Capability....................................................................
Establishing the Architecture Capability as an

Operational Entity ...........................................................................
Using TOGAF with Other Frameworks ...........................................

9
9
9
10
10
11
13
14
16
17
18

Chapter

3

Definitions .................................................................................... 19

Chapter

4

Release Notes ............................................................................. 33

4.1
4.1.1
4.2

4.3
4.4
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.5.3
4.6

What’s New in TOGAF 9?...............................................................
Changes Applied in this Edition...................................................
The Benefits of TOGAF 9 ...............................................................
Mapping of the TOGAF 8.1.1 Structure to TOGAF 9......................
Mapping of TOGAF 9 Structure to TOGAF 8.1.1............................
Using TOGAF .................................................................................
Conditions of Use ........................................................................
How Much Does TOGAF Cost?...................................................
Downloads ...................................................................................
Why Join The Open Group? ...........................................................

33
35
37
37
39
40
40
40
41
41
43

Part

II

Architecture Development Method (ADM)................

Chapter

5

Introduction ................................................................................. 45

5.1

ADM Over view................................................................................

TOGAF® Version 9.1

45

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5.1.1
5.1.2

5.1.3
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2
5.5.3
5.5.4
5.6
5.7

Chapter

6
6.1
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.2.4
6.2.5
6.2.6
6.2.7
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3

6.4
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.4.4
6.4.5
6.4.6
6.5

Chapter

7
7.1
7.2
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2

Contents

The ADM, Enterprise Continuum, and Architecture
Repositor y ...................................................................................
The ADM and the Foundation Architecture .................................
ADM and Supporting Guidelines and Techniques .......................
Architecture Development Cycle ....................................................
Key Points ....................................................................................
Basic Structure ............................................................................

Adapting the ADM ..........................................................................
Architecture Governance ................................................................
Scoping the Architecture ................................................................
Breadth ........................................................................................
Depth ...........................................................................................
Time Period .................................................................................
Architecture Domains ..................................................................
Architecture Integration ..................................................................
Summary ........................................................................................

45
46
46
47
47
47
50
51
52
53
53
54
55
55
56

Preliminary Phase ..................................................................... 57
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
Enterprise ....................................................................................

Organizational Context ................................................................
Requirements for Architecture Work............................................
Principles .....................................................................................
Management Frameworks ...........................................................
Relating the Management Frameworks.......................................
Planning for Enter prise Architecture/Business
Change Maturity Evaluation ........................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Scope the Enterprise Organizations Impacted............................
Confirm Governance and Support Frameworks ..........................
Define and Establish Enterprise Architecture Team
and Organization .........................................................................
Identify and Establish Architecture Principles ..............................
Tailor TOGAF and, if any, Other Selected
Architecture Framework(s) ..........................................................
Implement Architecture Tools ......................................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

58
58
59
59
60
60
61
62

63
64
64
64
64
65
65
66
66
67
67
67
68

Phase A: Architecture Vision ............................................... 69
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
General ........................................................................................
Creating the Architecture Vision ..................................................
Business Scenarios .....................................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................

iv

70
70
70
71

71
72
72
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Contents

7.3.3
7.4
7.4.1
7.4.2
7.4.3
7.4.4
7.4.5
7.4.6
7.4.7
7.4.8
7.4.9
7.4.10
7.4.11
7.5

Chapter

8
8.1
8.2
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.2.3
8.2.4
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.3.3
8.4
8.4.1
8.4.2
8.4.3
8.4.4
8.4.5
8.4.6
8.4.7
8.4.8
8.4.9
8.5

Chapter

9
9.1
9.2

9.3
9.3.1
9.3.2
9.3.3

Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Establish the Architecture Project................................................
Identify Stakeholders, Concerns, and Business
Requirements ..............................................................................
Confirm and Elaborate Business Goals, Business
Drivers, and Constraints ..............................................................
Evaluate Business Capabilities ...................................................
Assess Readiness for Business Transformation..........................
Define Scope ...............................................................................
Confirm and Elaborate Architecture Principles,
including Business Principles ......................................................
Develop Architecture Vision.........................................................
Define the Target Architecture Value Propositions
and KPIs ......................................................................................
Identify the Business Transformation Risks and
Mitigation Activities ......................................................................
Develop Statement of Architecture Work; Secure
Approval.......................................................................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

72
73
73
73

74
74
75
75
75
76
76
76
77
77

Phase B: Business Architecture ......................................... 79
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
General ........................................................................................
Developing the Baseline Description ...........................................
Business Modeling ......................................................................
Architecture Repositor y ...............................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................
Develop Baseline Business Architecture
Description...................................................................................
Develop Target Business Architecture Description ......................
Perform Gap Analysis..................................................................
Define Candidate Roadmap Components...................................
Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape .................

Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review ..........................................
Finalize the Business Architecture ..............................................
Create Architecture Definition Document ....................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

80
80
80
81
81
83
84
84
84
84
85
86
89
89
89
90
90
90
90
91
91

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures ............... 93
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................

Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................

TOGAF® Version 9.1

94
94
94
94
94
95

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9.4
9.5

Chapter

10
10.1
10.2
10.2.1

10.2.2
10.3
10.3.1
10.3.2
10.3.3
10.4
10.4.1
10.4.2
10.4.3
10.4.4
10.4.5
10.4.6
10.4.7
10.4.8
10.4.9
10.5

Chapter

11
11.1
11.2
11.2.1
11.3
11.3.1
11.3.2
11.3.3
11.4
11.4.1
11.4.2

11.4.3
11.4.4
11.4.5
11.4.6
11.4.7
11.4.8
11.4.9
11.5

Chapter

12
12.1
12.2
12.2.1

Contents

Steps ..............................................................................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

96
96

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures —
Data Architecture ....................................................................... 97
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
Key Considerations for Data Architecture....................................
Architecture Repositor y ...............................................................

Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................
Develop Baseline Data Architecture Description .........................
Develop Target Data Architecture Description .............................
Perform Gap Analysis..................................................................
Define Candidate Roadmap Components...................................
Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape .................
Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review ..........................................
Finalize the Data Architecture .....................................................
Create Architecture Definition Document ....................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

97
97
97
98
99
99
99
99
100
101
103
104
104
104

104
105
105
105
106

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures —
Application Architecture......................................................... 109
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
Architecture Repositor y ...............................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................
Develop Baseline Application Architecture
Description...................................................................................
Develop Target Application Architecture
Description...................................................................................
Perform Gap Analysis..................................................................
Define Candidate Roadmap Components...................................
Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape .................
Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review ..........................................
Finalize the Application Architecture ...........................................
Create Architecture Definition Document ....................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

109

109
109
110
110
110
110
111
112
115
115
115
116
116
116
116
117
117

Phase D: Technology Architecture .................................... 119
Objectives ....................................................................................... 120
Approach ........................................................................................ 120
Architecture Repositor y ............................................................... 120

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Contents

12.3
12.3.1
12.3.2
12.3.3
12.4
12.4.1
12.4.2
12.4.3
12.4.4
12.4.5
12.4.6
12.4.7
12.4.8
12.4.9
12.5
12.6

Chapter

13
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.3.1
13.3.2

13.3.3
13.4
13.4.1
13.4.2
13.4.3
13.4.4
13.4.5
13.4.6
13.4.7
13.4.8
13.4.9
13.4.10
13.4.11
13.5

Chapter

14
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.3.1
14.3.2
14.3.3

Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................

Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................
Develop Baseline Technology Architecture
Description...................................................................................
Develop Target Technology Architecture
Description...................................................................................
Perform Gap Analysis..................................................................
Define Candidate Roadmap Components...................................
Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape .................
Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review ..........................................
Finalize the Technology Architecture ...........................................
Create Architecture Definition Document ....................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................
Postscript ........................................................................................

120
120
121
121
122
123
126
127
127
127
127
128
128
128
129
130

Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions.................................. 131
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Determine/Confirm Key Cor porate Change Attributes ................
Determine Business Constraints for Implementation ..................
Review and Consolidate Gap Analysis Results from
Phases B to D..............................................................................
Review Consolidated Requirements Across Related
Business Functions .....................................................................
Consolidate and Reconcile Interoperability
Requirements ..............................................................................
Refine and Validate Dependencies .............................................
Confirm Readiness and Risk for Business
Transformation .............................................................................
Formulate Implementation and Migration Strategy ......................
Identify and Group Major Work Packages ...................................
Identify Transition Architectures...................................................
Create the Architecture Roadmap & Implementation
and Migration Plan.......................................................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

132
132
133

133
133
133
134
135
135
135
136
136
136
137
137
137
138
138
139

Phase F: Migration Planning................................................. 141
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................

TOGAF® Version 9.1

142
142
142

142
142
143

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14.4
14.4.1
14.4.2
14.4.3
14.4.4

14.4.5
14.4.6
14.4.7
14.5

Chapter

15
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.3.1
15.3.2

15.3.3
15.4
15.4.1
15.4.2
15.4.3
15.4.4
15.4.5
15.4.6
15.5

Chapter

16
16.1
16.2
16.2.1
16.2.2
16.2.3
16.3
16.3.1
16.3.2
16.3.3
16.4
16.4.1
16.4.2
16.4.3
16.4.4

Contents

Steps ..............................................................................................
Confirm Management Framework Interactions for the
Implementation and Migration Plan .............................................
Assign a Business Value to Each Work Package ........................
Estimate Resource Requirements, Project Timings,
and Availability/Deliver y Vehicle ..................................................
Prioritize the Migration Projects through the
Conduct of a Cost/Benefit Assessment and Risk
Validation .....................................................................................
Confirm Architecture Roadmap and Update
Architecture Definition Document ................................................
Generate the Implementation and Migration Plan .......................
Complete the Architecture Development Cycle and
Document Lessons Learned .......................................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

144
145
145
146

146
147
147
147
148

Phase G: Implementation Governance ............................. 149
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................

Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Confirm Scope and Priorities for Deployment with
Development Management..........................................................
Identify Deployment Resources and Skills ..................................
Guide Development of Solutions Deployment .............................
Perform Enter prise Architecture Compliance
Reviews .......................................................................................
Implement Business and IT Operations ......................................
Perform Post-Implementation Review and Close the
Implementation ............................................................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

150
150
151
151
151
151
152
152
153
153
154
154
154
154

Phase H: Architecture Change Management ................. 157
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
Drivers for Change.......................................................................
Enterprise Architecture Change Management Process ..............
Guidelines for Maintenance versus Architecture
Redesign .....................................................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Reference Materials External to the Enterprise...........................
Non-Architectural Inputs ..............................................................
Architectural Inputs......................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Establish Value Realization Process ...........................................
Deploy Monitoring Tools ..............................................................
Manage Risks ..............................................................................
Provide Analysis for Architecture Change
Management................................................................................

viii

158
158
159
160
161
162
162
162
162

163
164
164
164
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Contents

16.4.5
16.4.6
16.4.7
16.5

Chapter

17
17.1
17.2
17.2.1
17.2.2
17.2.3
17.3

17.4
17.5

Develop Change Requirements to Meet Performance
Targets .........................................................................................
Manage Governance Process .....................................................
Activate the Process to Implement Change ................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

164
165
165
165

ADM Architecture Requirements Management ............. 167
Objectives .......................................................................................
Approach ........................................................................................
General ........................................................................................
Requirements Development ........................................................
Resources ...................................................................................
Inputs..............................................................................................
Steps ..............................................................................................
Outputs ...........................................................................................

168
168
168
168
169
170

170
173
175

Part

III

ADM Guidelines and Techniques ..................................

Chapter

18

Introduction ................................................................................. 177

18.1
18.2
18.3

Chapter

19
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.4
19.5
19.5.1
19.5.2

19.6

Chapter

20
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4

Chapter

21
21.1
21.2
21.3
21.4
21.5
21.5.1
21.5.2
21.6
21.6.1

Guidelines for Adapting the ADM Process ..................................... 177
Techniques for Architecture Development ...................................... 177
Using TOGAF with Different Architectural Styles ........................... 178

Applying Iteration to the ADM .............................................. 181
Over view.........................................................................................
Iteration Cycles...............................................................................

Classes of Architecture Engagement .............................................
Approaches to Architecture Development ......................................
Iteration Considerations ..................................................................
Iteration between ADM Cycles ....................................................
Iteration within an ADM Cycle .....................................................
Conclusions ....................................................................................

181
182
183
187
188
188
190
193

Applying the ADM across the Architecture
Landscape .................................................................................... 195
Over view.........................................................................................
Architecture Landscape ..................................................................
Organizing the Architecture Landscape to Understand
the State of the Enterprise..............................................................
Developing Architectures at Different Levels ..................................

195
195
197
197

Security Architecture and the ADM ................................... 199

Over view.........................................................................................
Introduction.....................................................................................
Guidance on Security for the Architecture Domains.......................
ADM Architecture Requirements Management ..............................
Preliminary Phase ..........................................................................
Security Inputs.............................................................................
Security Outputs ..........................................................................
Phase A: Architecture Vision ..........................................................
Security Inputs.............................................................................

TOGAF® Version 9.1

199
199
200
201
202
203
203
203
205

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21.6.2

21.7
21.7.1
21.7.2
21.8
21.8.1
21.8.2
21.9
21.9.1
21.9.2
21.10
21.11
21.12
21.13
21.14

Chapter

22
22.1
22.2
22.3
22.4
22.5
22.6
22.6.1
22.6.2
22.7
22.7.1
22.7.2
22.7.3

22.8

Chapter

23
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
23.4.1
23.5
23.6
23.6.1
23.6.2
23.6.3
23.6.4

Chapter

24
24.1
24.2
24.3
24.3.1
24.3.2
24.3.3
24.3.4

Contents

Security Outputs ..........................................................................
Phase B: Business Architecture .....................................................
Security Inputs.............................................................................
Security Outputs ..........................................................................
Phase C: Information Systems Architectures .................................
Security Inputs.............................................................................
Security Outputs ..........................................................................
Phase D: Technology Architecture .................................................
Security Inputs.............................................................................
Security Outputs ..........................................................................
Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions ...............................................
Phase F: Migration Planning ..........................................................
Phase G: Implementation Governance ..........................................
Phase H: Architecture Change Management .................................
References .....................................................................................

205
205
207
207
208
210
210
211
212
212
213
213
214
215

215

Using TOGAF to Define & Govern SOAs ......................... 217
Over view.........................................................................................
Introduction.....................................................................................
SOA Definition ................................................................................
SOA Features .................................................................................
Enterprise Architecture and SOA ...................................................
SOA and Levels ..............................................................................
Level of Detail of Implementation Specification ...........................
SOA Activities at Different Levels ................................................
Using TOGAF for SOA....................................................................
Preliminary Phase .......................................................................
Phase A: Architecture Vision .......................................................
Architecture Development: Phases B, C, and D ..........................
Summary ........................................................................................

217
217
218
218
219
220
220
220
221
222
225
225
234

Architecture Principles ........................................................... 235
Introduction.....................................................................................
Characteristics of Architecture Principles .......................................
Components of Architecture Principles ..........................................
Developing Architecture Principles .................................................
Qualities of Principles ..................................................................
Applying Architecture Principles .....................................................
Example Set of Architecture Principles ..........................................
Business Principles .....................................................................
Data Principles ............................................................................
Application Principles ..................................................................
Technology Principles ..................................................................

235
236
236
237
237
238
239
239
243
247
248

Stakeholder Management ...................................................... 251
Introduction.....................................................................................
Approach to Stakeholder Management ..........................................
Steps in the Stakeholder Management Process ............................

Identify Stakeholders ...................................................................
Classify Stakeholder Positions ....................................................
Determine Stakeholder Management Approach .........................
Tailor Engagement Deliverables ..................................................

x

251
252
252
252
254
255
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Contents

24.4

Chapter

25

25.1
25.1.1
25.1.2
25.1.3
25.1.4
25.2
25.2.1
25.2.2
25.3
25.4

Chapter

26
26.1
26.2
26.3
26.3.1
26.3.2
26.3.3
26.3.4
26.4
26.5
26.6
26.7
26.7.1
26.7.2
26.8
26.8.1
26.8.2

26.9
26.9.1
26.9.2
26.9.3
26.10

Chapter

27
27.1
27.2
27.3

Chapter

28
28.1
28.2
28.3
28.4
28.5

Chapter

29
29.1
29.2

Template Stakeholder Map ............................................................. 256

Architecture Patterns ............................................................... 263
Introduction.....................................................................................
Background .................................................................................
Content of a Pattern ....................................................................
Terminology .................................................................................
Architecture Patterns in Use........................................................
US Treasur y Architecture Development Guidance (TADG) ............
TADG Pattern Content .................................................................
TADG Architecture Patterns ........................................................
IBM Patterns for e-Business ...........................................................
Some Pattern Resources ...............................................................

263
263
264
265
266
267
267
268
268
270

Business Scenarios and Business Goals ....................... 271
Introduction.....................................................................................
Benefits of Business Scenarios ......................................................
Creating the Business Scenario .....................................................
Overall Process ...........................................................................
Gathering .....................................................................................
Analyzing .....................................................................................

Reviewing ....................................................................................
Contents of a Business Scenario ...................................................
Contributions to the Business Scenario..........................................
Business Scenarios and the TOGAF ADM.....................................
Developing Business Scenarios .....................................................
General Guidelines......................................................................
Questions to Ask for Each Area ..................................................
Business Scenario Documentation.................................................
Textual Documentation ................................................................
Business Scenario Models ..........................................................
Guidelines on Goals and Objectives ..............................................
Importance of Goals ....................................................................
Importance of SMART Objectives ...............................................
Categories of Goals and Objectives ............................................
Summary ........................................................................................

271
272
272
272
274
275
275
276
277
278
280
280
280
282

282
283
283
283
283
285
288

Gap Analysis ............................................................................... 289
Introduction..................................................................................... 289
Suggested Steps ............................................................................ 290
Example.......................................................................................... 290

Migration Planning Techniques ........................................... 293
Implementation Factor Assessment & Deduction Matrix ................
Consolidated Gaps, Solutions, & Dependencies Matrix .................
Architecture Definition Increments Table ........................................
Transition Architecture State Evolution Table .................................
Business Value Assessment Technique .........................................

293
294
294
295
296

Interoperability Requirements ............................................. 297
Over view......................................................................................... 297
Defining Interoperability .................................................................. 298

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29.3
29.4
29.5
29.6
29.7

Chapter

30
30.1
30.1.1
30.2
30.3
30.4
30.4.1
30.4.2
30.4.3
30.5
30.6
30.7

Chapter

31
31.1
31.2
31.3
31.4
31.5
31.6
31.7
31.8

Chapter

32
32.1
32.2
32.3
32.3.1
32.3.2
32.4
32.5

Contents

Enterprise Operating Model ...........................................................
Refining Interoperability ..................................................................
Determining Interoperability Requirements ....................................
Reconciling Interoperability Requirements with
Potential Solutions ..........................................................................

Summary ........................................................................................

299
300
301
302
303

Business Transformation Readiness Assessment...... 305
Introduction.....................................................................................
Business Transformation Enablement Program (BTEP) ..............
Determine Readiness Factors ........................................................
Present Readiness Factors ............................................................
Assess Readiness Factors .............................................................
Readiness Factor Vision..............................................................
Readiness Factor Rating .............................................................
Readiness Factor Risks & Actions...............................................
Readiness and Migration Planning.................................................
Marketing the Implementation Plan ................................................
Conclusion......................................................................................

305
306
306
308
309
309
310
311
311

311
312

Risk Management ...................................................................... 313
Introduction.....................................................................................
Risk Classification ..........................................................................
Risk Identification ...........................................................................
Initial Risk Assessment...................................................................
Risk Mitigation and Residual Risk Assessment..............................
Conduct Residual Risk Assessment...............................................
Risk Monitoring and Governance (Phase G)..................................
Summary ........................................................................................

313
314
314
315
316
316
317
317

Capability-Based Planning .................................................... 319
Over view.........................................................................................
Capability-Based Planning Paradigm .............................................
Concept of Capability-Based Planning ...........................................
Capability Dimensions .................................................................
Capability Increments ..................................................................
Capabilities in an Enterprise Architecture Context .........................
Summary ........................................................................................

319
320
320
321
322
323
324
325

Part

IV

Architecture Content Framework ..................................

Chapter

33

Introduction ................................................................................. 327

33.1
33.2
33.3
33.4

Chapter

34

34.1
34.2
34.2.1

Over view.........................................................................................
Content Metamodel ........................................................................
Content Framework and the TOGAF ADM .....................................
Structure of Par t IV .........................................................................

327
329
330
330

Content Metamodel................................................................... 331
Over view......................................................................................... 331
Content Metamodel Vision and Concepts ...................................... 331
Core Content Metamodel Concepts ............................................ 331

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Contents

34.2.2
34.3
34.3.1
34.3.2
34.3.3
34.4
34.4.1
34.4.2
34.4.3
34.4.4
34.4.5
34.4.6
34.5
34.6
34.7

Chapter

35
35.1
35.1.1
35.2
35.2.1
35.2.2
35.3
35.3.1
35.4
35.4.1
35.4.2

35.4.3
35.5
35.6
35.6.1
35.6.2
35.6.3
35.6.4
35.6.5
35.6.6
35.6.7
35.6.8
35.7
35.7.1
35.7.2
35.7.3
35.7.4
35.7.5
35.7.6
35.7.7
35.7.8

Chapter

36
36.1
36.2

Over view of the Content Metamodel ...........................................
Content Metamodel in Detail ..........................................................
Core Content Metamodel ............................................................

Core Architecture Artifacts...........................................................
Full Content Metamodel ..............................................................
Content Metamodel Extensions......................................................
Governance Extensions ..............................................................
Services Extensions ....................................................................
Process Modeling Extensions .....................................................
Data Extensions ..........................................................................
Infrastructure Consolidation Extensions ......................................
Motivation Extensions..................................................................
Content Metamodel Entities ...........................................................
Content Metamodel Attributes ........................................................
Metamodel Relationships ...............................................................

336
338
339
339
340
342
344
346
348
350
352
354
356
359
368

Architectural Artifacts ............................................................. 373

Basic Concepts...............................................................................
Simple Example of a Viewpoint and View ...................................
Developing Views in the ADM ........................................................
General Guidelines......................................................................
View Creation Process ................................................................
Views, Tools, and Languages .........................................................
Over view......................................................................................
Views and Viewpoints .....................................................................
Example of Views and Viewpoints ...............................................
Views and Viewpoints in Enterprise Architecture ........................
Need for a Common Language and Interoperable
Tools for Architecture Description ................................................
Conclusions ....................................................................................
Architectural Artifacts by ADM Phase.............................................
Preliminary Phase .......................................................................
Phase A: Architecture Vision .......................................................
Phase B: Business Architecture ..................................................
Phase C: Data Architecture .........................................................
Phase C: Application Architecture ...............................................
Phase D: Technology Architecture ..............................................
Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions.........................................
Requirements Management ........................................................
Recommended Architecture Views to be Developed .....................
Developing a Business Architecture View ...................................
Developing an Enterprise Security View .....................................
Developing a Software Engineering View....................................
Developing a System Engineering View......................................
Developing a Communications Engineering View .......................
Developing a Data Flow View ......................................................
Developing an Enterprise Manageability View ............................

Developing an Acquirer View.......................................................

373
375
376
376
377
378
378
378
378
379
380
380
380
382
382
383
388
391
396
399
400
400
401
402
406
415
421
426

431
433

Architecture Deliverables ....................................................... 435
Introduction..................................................................................... 435
Deliverable Descriptions ................................................................. 436

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36.2.1
36.2.2
36.2.3
36.2.4
36.2.5
36.2.6
36.2.7
36.2.8
36.2.9
36.2.10
36.2.11
36.2.12
36.2.13
36.2.14

36.2.15
36.2.16
36.2.17
36.2.18
36.2.19
36.2.20
36.2.21

Chapter

37
37.1
37.2
37.2.1
37.2.2
37.2.3
37.2.4
37.3
37.3.1
37.3.2

Contents

Architecture Building Blocks ........................................................
Architecture Contract ...................................................................
Architecture Definition Document ................................................
Architecture Principles.................................................................
Architecture Repositor y ...............................................................
Architecture Requirements Specification.....................................
Architecture Roadmap .................................................................

Architecture Vision.......................................................................
Business Principles, Business Goals, and Business
Drivers .........................................................................................
Capability Assessment ................................................................
Change Request..........................................................................
Communications Plan..................................................................
Compliance Assessment .............................................................
Implementation and Migration Plan .............................................
Implementation Governance Model.............................................
Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture ........................
Request for Architecture Work.....................................................
Requirements Impact Assessment..............................................
Solution Building Blocks ..............................................................
Statement of Architecture Work...................................................
Tailored Architecture Framework .................................................

437
437
438
439
440
440
441
442
442
443
444
445
445
446

447
447
448
448
449
449
449

Building Blocks .......................................................................... 451
Over view.........................................................................................
Introduction to Building Blocks .......................................................
Over view......................................................................................
Generic Characteristics ...............................................................
Architecture Building Blocks ........................................................
Solution Building Blocks ..............................................................
Building Blocks and the ADM .........................................................
Basic Principles ...........................................................................
Building Block Specification Process in the ADM ........................

451
451
451
451
452
453
454
454
455
457

Part

V

Enterprise Continuum and Tools ..................................

Chapter

38

Introduction ................................................................................. 459

38.1
38.2

Chapter

39
39.1
39.2
39.3
39.4
39.4.1
39.4.2
39.5
39.6
39.6.1
39.6.2

Introduction..................................................................................... 459

Structure of Par t V .......................................................................... 459

Enterprise Continuum ............................................................. 461
Over view.........................................................................................
Enterprise Continuum and Architecture Re-Use ............................
Constituents of the Enterprise Continuum ......................................
Enterprise Continuum in Detail.......................................................
Architecture Continuum ...............................................................
Solutions Continuum ...................................................................
The Enter prise Continuum and the ADM .......................................
The Enter prise Continuum and Your Organization .........................
Relationships ...............................................................................
Your Enterprise ............................................................................

xiv

461
461
462
463
464
467
469
469
469
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Contents

Chapter

40
40.1
40.2
40.2.1
40.3

Chapter

41
41.1
41.2
41.3
41.3.1
41.4
41.4.1
41.4.2
41.4.3
41.4.4
41.5
41.5.1
41.5.2

41.6
41.6.1
41.6.2
41.7
41.7.1
41.7.2
41.7.3

Chapter

42
42.1
42.2

Architecture Partitioning ........................................................ 473
Over view.........................................................................................
Applying Classification to Create Par titioned
Architectures...................................................................................
Activities within the Preliminary Phase ........................................
Integration .......................................................................................

473
473
475
476

Architecture Repository ......................................................... 479
Over view.........................................................................................
Architecture Landscape ..................................................................
Reference Librar y ...........................................................................

Over view......................................................................................
Standards Information Base ...........................................................
Over view......................................................................................
Types of Standard........................................................................
Standards Lifecycle .....................................................................
Standards Classification within the Standards
Information Base .........................................................................
Governance Log .............................................................................
Over view......................................................................................
Contents of the Governance Log.................................................
The Enter prise Repository..............................................................
Requirements Repositor y ............................................................
Solutions Repositor y ...................................................................
External Repositories .....................................................................
External Reference Models .........................................................
External Standards ......................................................................
Architecture Board Approvals ......................................................

479
481
481
481
482
482
482
483
483
484
484
484

486
486
486
486
486
486
486

Tools for Architecture Development .................................. 487
Over view......................................................................................... 487
Issues in Tool Standardization........................................................ 487

Part

VI

TOGAF Reference Models .................................................

Chapter

43

Foundation Architecture: Technical Reference
Model .............................................................................................. 491

43.1
43.1.1
43.1.2
43.1.3
43.2

43.2.1
43.2.2
43.3
43.3.1
43.3.2
43.3.3
43.3.4
43.3.5
43.3.6

Concepts ........................................................................................
Role of the TRM in the Foundation Architecture .........................
TRM Components .......................................................................
Other TRMs .................................................................................
High-Level Breakdown ....................................................................
Over view......................................................................................
Por tability and Interoperability .....................................................
TRM in Detail..................................................................................
Introduction..................................................................................
TRM Entities and Interfaces ........................................................
Application Software ....................................................................
Application Platform.....................................................................
Communications Infrastructure....................................................
Application Platform Interface ......................................................

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491

491
491
492
492
492
493
494
494
495
495
496
498
498

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43.3.7
43.3.8
43.4
43.4.1
43.4.2
43.4.3
43.5
43.5.1
43.5.2

43.5.3
43.5.4
43.5.5
43.5.6
43.5.7
43.5.8
43.5.9
43.5.10
43.5.11
43.5.12
43.5.13

Chapter

44
44.1
44.1.1
44.1.2
44.1.3
44.1.4
44.1.5
44.2
44.2.1
44.2.2
44.2.3
44.3
44.3.1
44.3.2
44.3.3
44.3.4

44.3.5

Contents

Communications Infrastructure Interface .....................................
Qualities.......................................................................................
Application Platform — Taxonomy..................................................
Basic Principles ...........................................................................
Application Platform Ser vice Categories .....................................
Application Platform Ser vice Qualities.........................................
Detailed Platform Taxonomy...........................................................
Data Interchange Services ..........................................................
Data Management Services ........................................................
Graphics and Imaging Services...................................................
International Operation Services .................................................
Location and Directory Ser vices..................................................
Network Ser vices ........................................................................
Operating System Services .........................................................
Software Engineering Services ...................................................
Transaction Processing Services.................................................
User Interface Services ...............................................................
Security Services .........................................................................
System and Network Management Services ..............................
Object-Oriented Provision of Services ........................................

499
499
500
500
500

504
506
506
507
508
509
510
510
512
513
514
515
515
517
519

Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference
Model .............................................................................................. 523
Basic Concepts...............................................................................
Background .................................................................................
Components of the Model ...........................................................
Relationship to Other parts of TOGAF ........................................
Key Business and Technical Drivers ............................................
Status of the III-RM......................................................................
High-Level View..............................................................................
Derivation of the III-RM from the TRM.........................................
High-Level III-RM Graphic ...........................................................
Components of the High-Level III-RM .........................................
Detailed Taxonomy .........................................................................
Detailed III-RM Graphic ...............................................................

Business Applications..................................................................
Infrastructure Applications ...........................................................
Application Platform.....................................................................
Qualities.......................................................................................

523
523
524
524
524
526
527
527
528
529
531
531
531
536
537
541
543

Part

VII

Architecture Capability Framework .............................

Chapter

45

Introduction ................................................................................. 545

45.1
45.2

Chapter

46
46.1
46.2
46.3
46.4

Over view......................................................................................... 545
Structure of Par t VII ........................................................................ 546

Establishing an Architecture Capability .......................... 547
Over view.........................................................................................
Phase A: Architecture Vision ..........................................................
Phase B: Business Architecture .....................................................
Phase C: Data Architecture ............................................................

xvi

547
548
549

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Contents

46.5
46.6
46.7
46.8
46.9
46.10
46.11

Chapter

47
47.1
47.2
47.3
47.3.1
47.3.2
47.3.3
47.4

47.4.1
47.4.2
47.4.3

Chapter

48
48.1
48.2
48.3
48.3.1
48.3.2
48.3.3
48.4
48.4.1
48.4.2
48.4.3
48.5
48.5.1
48.5.2
48.5.3
48.5.4
48.5.5
48.5.6
48.5.7
48.5.8
48.6
48.6.1
48.6.2

Chapter

49
49.1
49.2
49.2.1
49.2.2
49.2.3

Phase C: Application Architecture ..................................................
Phase D: Technology Architecture .................................................
Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions ...............................................
Phase F: Migration Planning ..........................................................
Phase G: Implementation Governance ..........................................
Phase H: Architecture Change Management .................................
Requirements Management ...........................................................

550
550
550
550
550
551
551

Architecture Board .................................................................... 553
Role ................................................................................................
Responsibilities...............................................................................
Setting Up the Architecture Board ..................................................
Triggers ........................................................................................

Size of the Board .........................................................................
Board Structure ...........................................................................
Operation of the Architecture Board ...............................................
General ........................................................................................
Preparation ..................................................................................
Agenda ........................................................................................

553
553
554
554
555
555
556
556
556
557

Architecture Compliance........................................................ 559
Introduction.....................................................................................
Terminology: The Meaning of Architecture Compliance .................
Architecture Compliance Reviews ..................................................
Purpose .......................................................................................
Timing..........................................................................................
Governance and Personnel Scenarios ........................................
Architecture Compliance Review Process ......................................
Over view......................................................................................
Roles ...........................................................................................
Steps ...........................................................................................
Architecture Compliance Review Checklists ..................................

Hardware and Operating System Checklist .................................
Software Services and Middleware Checklist ..............................
Applications Checklists ................................................................
Information Management Checklists ...........................................
Security Checklist ........................................................................
System Management Checklist ...................................................
System Engineering/Overall Architecture
Checklists ....................................................................................
System Engineering/Methods & Tools Checklist .........................
Architecture Compliance Review Guidelines ..................................
Tailoring the Checklists ................................................................
Conducting Architecture Compliance Reviews ............................

559
559
561
561
562
563
563
563
565
566
567
567
568
569
572
573
574

575
577
579
579
579

Architecture Contracts ............................................................ 581
Role ................................................................................................
Contents .........................................................................................
Statement of Architecture Work...................................................
Contract between Architecture Design and
Development Par tners .................................................................
Contract between Architecting Function and

TOGAF® Version 9.1

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582
582
583

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49.3

Chapter

50
50.1
50.1.1
50.1.2
50.1.3
50.1.4
50.1.5
50.2
50.2.1
50.2.2
50.3
50.3.1
50.3.2

Chapter

51
51.1
51.2
51.3
51.3.1
51.3.2
51.3.3
51.4
51.4.1
51.4.2
51.5

Chapter

52
52.1
52.2
52.2.1
52.2.2
52.3
52.3.1
52.3.2
52.4
52.4.1
52.4.2
52.4.3
52.4.4
52.5
52.5.1
52.5.2
52.5.3
52.5.4
52.5.5

Contents

Business Users............................................................................ 583
Relationship to Architecture Governance ....................................... 584

Architecture Governance ....................................................... 585
Introduction.....................................................................................
Levels of Governance within the Enterprise ................................

Nature of Governance .................................................................
Technology Governance ..............................................................
IT Governance .............................................................................
Architecture Governance: Over view ............................................
Architecture Governance Framework .............................................
Architecture Governance Framework — Conceptual
Structure ......................................................................................
Architecture Governance Framework —
Organizational Structure ..............................................................
Architecture Governance in Practice ..............................................
Architecture Governance — Key Success Factors ......................
Elements of an Effective Architecture Governance
Strategy .......................................................................................

585
585
586
587
587
588
589
589
591
593
593
594

Architecture Maturity Models ............................................... 595
Over view.........................................................................................
Background ....................................................................................

US DoC ACMM Framework ............................................................
Over view......................................................................................
Elements of the ACMM ................................................................
Example: Enter prise Architecture Process Maturity
Levels ..........................................................................................
Capability Maturity Models Integration (CMMI) ..............................
Introduction..................................................................................
SCAMPI Method ..........................................................................
Conclusions ....................................................................................

595
596
596
596
597
597
600
600
601
601

Architecture Skills Framework ............................................. 603
Introduction.....................................................................................
Need for an Enter prise Architecture Skills Framework ...................
Definitional Rigor .........................................................................
Basis of an Internal Architecture Practice....................................
Goals/Rationale ..............................................................................
Certification of Enterprise Architects ...........................................
Specific Benefits ..........................................................................
Enterprise Architecture Role and Skill Categories .........................

Over view......................................................................................
TOGAF Roles ..............................................................................
Categories of Skills......................................................................
Proficiency Levels ........................................................................
Enterprise Architecture Role and Skill Definitions ..........................
Generic Skills...............................................................................
Business Skills & Methods ..........................................................
Enterprise Architecture Skills ......................................................
Program or Project Management Skills .......................................
IT General Knowledge Skills .......................................................

xviii

603
603
603
604
605
605
605
606
606
606
607
608
608
608
609
609
610

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Contents

52.5.6
52.5.7
52.6
52.6.1
52.6.2
52.6.3
52.7

Part

VIII

Technical IT Skills ........................................................................
Legal Environment .......................................................................
Generic Role and Skills of the Enterprise Architect........................
Generic Role................................................................................
Characterization in Terms of the Enterprise
Continuum ...................................................................................

Key Characteristics of an Enterprise Architect ............................
Conclusions ....................................................................................

611
611
612
612

Appendices ................................................................................

617

614
614
615

Appendix A

Glossary of Supplementary Definitions ........................... 619

Appendix B

Abbreviations .............................................................................. 633
Index ............................................................................................... 639

List of Figures
1-1
2-1
2-2
2-3

2-4
2-5
5-1
5-2
6-1
6-2
6-3
7-1
8-1
8-2
9-1
12-1
13-1
14-1
15-1
16-1
17-1
19-1
19-2
19-3
19-4
19-5
20-1

Structure of the TOGAF Document ...................................................
Relationships between Deliverables, Artifacts, and
Building Blocks ..................................................................................
Example — Architecture Definition Document ..................................
Enterprise Continuum ........................................................................
TOGAF Architecture Repository Structure ........................................

TOGAF Architecture Capability Over view .........................................
Architecture Development Cycle .......................................................
Integration of Architecture Artifacts ...................................................
Preliminary Phase .............................................................................
Management Frameworks to Co-ordinate with TOGAF.....................
Interoperability and Relationships between Management
Frameworks .......................................................................................
Phase A: Architecture Vision .............................................................
Phase B: Business Architecture ........................................................
UML Business Class Diagram ...........................................................
Phase C: Information Systems Architectures ....................................
Phase D: Technology Architecture ....................................................
Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions ..................................................
Phase F: Migration Planning .............................................................
Phase G: Implementation Governance .............................................
Phase H: Architecture Change Management ....................................
ADM Architecture Requirements Management .................................
Iteration Cycles..................................................................................
Classes of Enterprise Architecture Engagement...............................
A Hierarchy of ADM Processes Example ..........................................
Activity by Iteration for Baseline First Architecture
Definition............................................................................................
Activity by Iteration for Target First Architecture
Definition............................................................................................
Summary Classification Model for Architecture
Landscapes .......................................................................................

TOGAF® Version 9.1

3

11
12
13
14
16
47
55
57
61
63
69
79
82
93
119
131
141
149
157
167
182
183
188
190
190
195

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20-2
22-1
22-2
22-3
24-1
24-2
26-1
26-2
26-3
26-4
27-1
28-1
28-2
28-3
28-4
28-5
29-1
29-2
30-1
30-2
31-1
31-2
32-1
32-2
32-3
32-4

33-1
33-2
33-3
34-1
34-2
34-3
34-4
34-5
34-6
34-7
34-8
34-9
34-10
34-11
34-12
34-13
34-14
34-15

Contents

Summary of Architecture Continuum.................................................
The Open Group SOA Governance Framework ................................
The Open Group SOA Reference Architecture .................................
SOA Entities in the Content Metamodel ............................................
Sample Stakeholders and Categories ...............................................
Stakeholder Power Grid.....................................................................
Creating a Business Scenario ...........................................................
Phases of Developing Business Scenarios .......................................
Relative Contributions to a Business Scenario ..................................

Relevance of Requirements Throughout the ADM ............................
Gap Analysis Example ......................................................................
Implementation Factor Assessment and Deduction Matrix ...............
Consolidated Gaps, Solutions, and Dependencies Matrix ................
Architecture Definition Increments Table ...........................................
Transition Architecture State Evolution Table ....................................
Sample Project Assessment with Respect to Business
Value and Risk...................................................................................
Business Information Interoperability Matrix......................................
Information Systems Interoperability Matrix ......................................
Business Transformation Readiness Assessment —
Maturity Model ...................................................................................
Summary Table of Business Transformation Readiness
Assessment .......................................................................................
Risk Classification Scheme ...............................................................
Sample Risk Identification and Mitigation Assessment
Worksheet .........................................................................................
Capability-Based Planning Concept ..................................................
Capability Increments and Dimensions .............................................
Capability Increment ‘‘Radar’’ ............................................................
Relationship Between Capabilities, Enter prise
Architecture, and Projects .................................................................
Relationships between Deliverables, Artifacts, and
Building Blocks ..................................................................................
Example — Architecture Definition Document ..................................
Content Metamodel Over view ...........................................................
TOGAF Content Metamodel and its Extensions................................
Core Entities and their Relationships ................................................
Interactions between Metamodel, Building Blocks,
Diagrams, and Stakeholders .............................................................

Content Framework by ADM Phases.................................................
Detailed Representation of the Content Metamodel..........................
Entities and Relationships Present within the Core
Content Metamodel ...........................................................................
Content Metamodel with Extensions .................................................
Relationships between Entities in the Full Metamodel ......................
Core Content Metamodel and Predefined Extension Modules..........
Core Content with Governance Extensions.......................................
Governance Extensions: Changes to Metamodel .............................
Services Extension: Changes to Metamodel.....................................
Process Modeling Extensions: Changes to Metamodel ....................
Data Extensions: Changes to Metamodel .........................................
Infrastructure Consolidation Extensions: Changes to

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Contents

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Metamodel .........................................................................................
Motivation Extensions: Changes to Metamodel ................................
Basic Architectural Concepts.............................................................
Example View — The Open Group Business Domains in
2008...................................................................................................
Artifacts Associated with the Core Content Metamodel
and Extensions ..................................................................................
Abstract Security Architecture View ..................................................
Generic Security Architecture View ...................................................

The Five-Tier Organization ................................................................
Data Access Interface (DAI) ..............................................................
Multiple Uses of a Data Access Interface (DAI) .................................
Notional Distribution Model................................................................
Basic Client/Ser ver Model .................................................................
Reference Model Representation of Client/Server Model .................
Host-Based, Master/Slave, and Hierarchic Models ...........................
Hierarchic Model using the Reference Model....................................
Peer-to-Peer and Distributed Object Management Models ...............
Communications Infrastructure..........................................................
OSI Reference Model ........................................................................
Communications Framework .............................................................
Key ADM Phases/Steps at which Building Blocks are
Evolved/Specified ..............................................................................
Enterprise Continuum ........................................................................
Architecture Continuum .....................................................................
Solutions Continuum .........................................................................
Relationships between Architecture and Solutions
Continua ............................................................................................
Allocation of Teams to Architecture Scope ........................................
Architecture Content Aggregation .....................................................
Over view of Architecture Repository .................................................
Architecture Continuum .....................................................................
Technical Reference Model — High-Level View ................................
Detailed Technical Reference Model (Showing Service
Categories) ........................................................................................
An approach to Boundaryless Information Flow
(Enter prise Por tals) ...........................................................................
TOGAF TRM Orientation Views ........................................................
Focus of the III-RM ............................................................................

III-RM — High-Level ..........................................................................
III-RM — Detailed ..............................................................................
Liberate Data Silos to Meet Information Needs of
Cross-Functional Enterprise Teams ..................................................
Information Provider Applications Liberate Data by
Providing Open Interfaces to Data Silos............................................
Brokerage Applications Integrate Information from
Information Provider Applications......................................................
Information Consumer Applications Communicate using
Open Interfaces .................................................................................
Juxtaposition of Location and Directory Ser vices to
Other Components ............................................................................
Workflow Ser vices Enable Information Flow .....................................

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45-1
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Contents

Mature Architecture Capability ..........................................................
Levels of Architecture Conformance..................................................
Architecture Compliance Review Process .........................................
Architecture Governance Framework — Conceptual
Structure ............................................................................................
Architecture Governance Framework — Organizational
Structure ............................................................................................

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List of Tables
5-1
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24-1

ADM Version Numbering Convention ................................................ 49
Recommended Format for Defining Principles .................................. 236
Example Stakeholder Analysis .......................................................... 254

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Preface

TOGAF Version 9.1, Enterprise Edition, is an open, industry consensus framework for enterprise
architecture.
This Document
There are seven par ts to the TOGAF document:
PART I

(Introduction) This part provides a high-level introduction to the key concepts of enterprise
architecture and in particular the TOGAF approach. It contains the definitions of terms used
throughout TOGAF and release notes detailing the changes between this version and the
previous version of TOGAF.

PART II

(Architecture Development Method) This is the core of TOGAF. It describes the TOGAF
Architecture Development Method (ADM) — a step-by-step approach to developing an
enter prise architecture.

PART III

(ADM Guidelines & Techniques) This part contains a collection of guidelines and techniques
available for use in applying TOGAF and the TOGAF ADM.

PART IV

(Architecture Content Framework) This part describes the TOGAF content framework,
including a structured metamodel for architectural artifacts, the use of re-usable architecture
building blocks, and an overview of typical architecture deliverables.

PART V

(Enter prise Continuum & Tools) This part discusses appropriate taxonomies and tools to
categorize and store the outputs of architecture activity within an enterprise.

PART VI

(TOGAF Reference Models) This part provides a selection of architectural reference
models, which includes the TOGAF Foundation Architecture, and the Integrated Information
Infrastructure Reference Model (III-RM).

PART VII

(Architecture Capability Framework) This part discusses the organization, processes, skills,

roles, and responsibilities required to establish and operate an architecture function within
an enterprise.

Intended Audience
TOGAF is intended for enterprise architects, business architects, IT architects, data architects, systems
architects, solutions architects, and anyone responsible for the architecture function within an
organization.
Keywords
architecture, architecture framework, architecture development method, architect, architecting, enterprise
architecture, enter prise architecture framework, enter prise architecture method, method, methods, open,
group, technical reference model, standards, standards information base

TOGAF® Version 9.1

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About The Open Group

The Open Group
The Open Group is a vendor-neutral and technology-neutral consortium, whose vision of Boundaryless
Information Flow™ will enable access to integrated information within and between enterprises based on
open standards and global interoperability. The Open Group works with customers, suppliers, consor tia,
and other standards bodies. Its role is to capture, understand, and address current and emerging
requirements, establish policies, and share best practices; to facilitate interoperability, develop consensus,
and evolve and integrate specifications and Open Source technologies; to offer a comprehensive set of

services to enhance the operational efficiency of consortia; and to operate the industry’s premier
cer tification ser vice, including UNIX® cer tification.
Fur ther information on The Open Group is available at www.opengroup.org.
The Open Group has over 15 years’ experience in developing and operating certification programs and
has extensive experience developing and facilitating industry adoption of test suites used to validate
conformance to an open standard or specification.
More information is available at www.opengroup.org/cer tification.
The Open Group publishes a wide range of technical documentation, the main part of which is focused on
development of Technical and Product Standards and Guides, but which also includes white papers,
technical studies, branding and testing documentation, and business titles. Full details and a catalog are
available at www.opengroup.org/bookstore.
As with all live documents, Technical Standards and Specifications require revision to align with new
developments and associated international standards. To distinguish between revised specifications
which are fully backwards-compatible and those which are not:
■

A new Version indicates there is no change to the definitive information contained in the previous
publication of that title, but additions/extensions are included. As such, it replaces the previous
publication.

■

A new Issue indicates there is substantive change to the definitive information contained in the
previous publication of that title, and there may also be additions/extensions. As such, both previous
and new documents are maintained as current publications.

Readers should note that Corrigenda may apply to any publication. Corrigenda information is published
at www.opengroup.org/corrigenda.

xxiv

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Participants

This document was prepared by The Open Group Architecture Forum and incorporates TOGAF 9 and
TOGAF 9 Technical Corrigendum No. 1. When The Open Group approved TOGAF 9 Technical
Corrigendum No. 1 on July 21st, 2011, the membership of the Architecture Forum was as follows:
Dave Hornford, Conexiam, Chair
Tara Paider, Nationwide, Vice-Chair
Chris Forde, The Open Group, Forum Director
Andrew Josey, The Open Group, Director of Standards
Garry Doherty, The Open Group, TOGAF Product Manager
Cathy Fox, The Open Group, Technical Editor
Architecture Forum Technical Reviewers
Technical reviewers are those individuals who have submitted comments during the company review, or
par ticipated in a face-to-face issue resolution meeting during the development of TOGAF 9 Technical
Corrigendum No. 1.
Andrew Josey
Arnold van Overeem
Bill Adams
Bill Estrem
Bob Weisman
Chris Armstrong

Chris Forde
Chris Greenslade
Paul Homan
Dave Hornford

Dave van Gelder
Garr y Doher ty
Jack Fujieda
Jane Varnus
Jason Broome
Judith Jones
Jörgen Dahlberg
Ken Street
Kevin Sevigny
Kirk Hansen

Larr y Bergen
Maggie Huang
Mike Lamber t
Mike Turner
Paul van der Merwe
Peter Kaufmann
Richard Hewardo
Roger Griessen
Roland Fabri
Sarina Viljoen

Tara Paider
Tejpal S. Virdi
Thomas Obitz

Timo Karvinen
Tim O’Neill
Stephen Bennett
Harr y Hendrickx
Steve Else
Ed Harrington
Heather Kreger

Architecture Forum Members
The following organizations were members of the Architecture Forum at the time of approval.
1Plug, USA
act! consulting GmbH, Germany
alfabet AG, Germany
ARISMORE, France
AT&T ITAS, USA
Aalto University, School of Science & Technology, Finland
Abu Dhabi Retirement Pensions & Benefits Fund, UAE
Acando AS, Norway
Accelare, USA
Accenture, USA
Ahead Technology Inc., Canada

TOGAF® Version 9.1

xxv
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